人教版高中英語選修9課件：Unit-2-Sailing-the-oceans-Language-Po

人教版高中英語選修9課件：Unit2SailingtheoceansLanguagePoints人教版高中英語選修9課件：Unit2SailingtheoceansLanguagePoints人教版高中英語選修9課件：Unit2SailingtheoceansLanguagePointsWemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’spositiononamap.在經(jīng)緯度未能繪出航船在地圖上的位置之前，我們很想知道航海員是怎樣在海上探險(xiǎn)的。Page12【考點(diǎn)1】it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語?！究祭縏hefactthatshewasforeignmade______difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.A.so B.much C.that D.it【點(diǎn)撥】

選D。句意為“她是外國(guó)人的事實(shí)使得她在那個(gè)國(guó)家很難找到工作?！本渲械膖ogetajobinthatcountry是動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作made的賓語，difficult是賓語補(bǔ)足語，此處it作形式賓語，其他詞沒有這種用法?！究键c(diǎn)2】

position作名詞，意為“位置，職位”?！究祭縁romtheir______onthetopoftheTVTower,visitorscanhaveabetterviewofthecity.A.stage B.positionC.condition D.situation【點(diǎn)撥】選B。句意為“從電視塔頂部的位置，游客們可以更好地看到城市的景色。”position位置，符合句意。stage舞臺(tái)；condition條件，環(huán)境；situation形勢(shì)，處境。2.Thevoyagesoftravelersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenotatthemercyoftheseaeventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.17世紀(jì)以前的航海記錄顯示，即使沒有現(xiàn)代航海技術(shù)的幫助，他們也沒有任憑海洋擺布?！军c(diǎn)撥】此句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句為：Thevoyagesoftravellersbeforethe17thcenturyshow；從句為that引導(dǎo)的_____從句：thattheywerenot...modernnavigationalaids，作_____的賓語。在此從句中，包含一個(gè)由___________引導(dǎo)的_________從句：eventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids。讓步狀語賓語showeventhough(1)voyagen./vi.航海,航行e.g.ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndia usedtotakesixmonths. 過去從英國(guó)航行到印度要六個(gè)月。 goon/make/takeaseavoyage 去航海旅行 voyagern.航行者,航海者Theyhavegoteverythingreadytomakea_____acrosstheAtlantic.A.trip B.travelC.voyage D.tour(2)atthemercyof【雙語釋義】notabletostopsb./sth.harmingyoubecausetheyhavepowerorcontroloveryou受……支配；對(duì)……無能為力；任由……擺布e.g.Theywereabsolutelyatthemercyof theking. 他們完全任國(guó)王處置。 Weareatthemercyoftheweather. 我們拿天氣毫無辦法。 Iwouldn’tliketobeatthemercyof suchacruelman. 我可不愿受如此殘酷的人的擺布?！拘≡嚒扛鶕?jù)所給提示完成下列句子。

They_______________(對(duì)……毫不憐憫)totheenemies.2.___________(幸運(yùn)的是)shewasn’tseriouslyhurt.3.Theoldmanwastreated____________(無情地).showednomercyItisamercywithoutmercy4.Theyoungmanisnotgoingtoputhimself______________________(任由銀行擺布).atthemercyofthebank(3)eventhough用作連詞，意為“盡管，即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。TherewasneveranytimeforKatetofeellonely,______shewasanonlychild.A.eversince B.nowthatC.eventhough D.evenaseventhough“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。eversince“自從……以來”，常和完成時(shí)態(tài)連用；nowthat“既然，由于”；evenas“正當(dāng)，恰恰在……的時(shí)候”?！就卣埂縠venthough和evenso的區(qū)別：eventhough=evenif用作連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；evenso用作副詞，意思是“盡管這樣/那樣，即便如此”。Youruncleseemstobeagooddriver;_____,Iwouldn’tdaretotravelinhiscar.A.evenso B.eventhoughC.therefore D.so3.Thisseemstohavebeenthefirstandmost usefulformofexplorationwhichcarried theminimumamountofrisk. minimum(min)adj.最小的,最低的n.最小值,最小化 其反義詞為:maximum(max)

adj.最高的,最多的,最大極限的n.最大量,最大限度,極大e.g.Theminimumrequirementsforthejobareadegreeandtwoyears’experience.

該工作的最低要求是要有學(xué)位和兩年的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Youmustgetaminimumof40questionsrighttopasstheexamination.你最少必須答對(duì)40道題才能通過考試。 keep/reducesth.toaminimum 將某物保持在/降低到最低限度e.g.Theschoolmanagestokeepbullyingto aminimum.學(xué)校設(shè)法最低限度得減少 恃強(qiáng)凌弱的行為。 Themaximumnumberofstudentsin eachclassis58. 每個(gè)班學(xué)生人數(shù)的最高限額是58名。4.Seabirdscouldbeusedtoshowthewaytolandwhenitwasnowheretobeseen.【考點(diǎn)】when在高考中?？嫉挠梅ㄓ校?)作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。2)作連接副詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或不定式，意為“什么時(shí)候”。從句使用陳述句語序，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。3)作關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句。4)意為“這時(shí)”，構(gòu)成句型：...was/wereabouttodo...when...；...was/weredoing...when...；...was/weregoingtodo...when...；...was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...；...haddone...when...?！究祭縏omwasabouttoclosethewindow_____hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.when B.ifC.and D.till【點(diǎn)撥】選A。句意為“湯姆正要關(guān)窗，這時(shí)他的注意力被一只鳥吸引了?！眀eabouttodosth.when...是一個(gè)固定句式，表示“某人正要做……這時(shí)……”。nowhereadv.無處,到處都無該詞用于句首時(shí)，要用倒裝語序。e.g.Ihavenojobandnowheretolive. 我沒工作，也沒地方住。 NowherecouldIseehim. 我哪兒也看不到他。Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse______suchabeautifulpalace.A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfindD.couldyoufindnowhereelse是否定詞，以否定詞開頭的句子要進(jìn)行倒裝。根據(jù)上一個(gè)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞可確定用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。注：nowhere置于句首時(shí)，句子要用倒裝的語序。5.Soseamencouldfollowthebirdstolandeveniftheywereoffshoreandintheopensea.offshoreadj./adv.向海面吹的,離岸的,海面上的,海上/下作業(yè)的offshoreworkers海上作業(yè)的工人offshorebank/company/investment境外銀行/公司/投資offshorewind/currentetc.從陸地吹向海面的風(fēng)/離岸的潮流e.g.Thestormmovedoffshore.風(fēng)暴離岸移動(dòng)。Aboatmooredoffshore.船在近海下錨。6.Theycouldacceleratethespeed,buttheycouldalsobedangerous.acceleratevi./vt.=to(causeto)movefaster加速,促進(jìn)e.g.Sheacceleratedhercarandpassedthe businfront. 她加快車速超過了前面的公共汽車。 Thecarsuddenlyaccelerated. 那輛車突然開始加速。

Therewasnosecuremethodofmeasuringlongitudeuntilthe17thcenturywhentheBritishsolvedthistheoreticalproblem.

secure

adj.安全的,可靠的,放心的,無慮的

v.

保護(hù),使安全

e.g.Ourhouseissecurefromflood.

我們的房子沒有被淹的危險(xiǎn)。Page13securityn.安全，保安，保護(hù)e.g.SecuritywastightduringthePresident’svisit.總統(tǒng)來訪期間,保安工作十分嚴(yán)密。 Forsecurityreasonsthevisitorsweresearched. 為了安全起見,來賓受到了檢查。Somemeasuresareneededtosecurethebankfromaflood.這道堤防需要采取一些措施,免得被洪水沖壞。2.ThecompasshasaspecialmagneticpointerwhichalwaysindicatestheNorthPole.magneticadj.磁的,有磁性的,有吸引力的magnetn.磁體,磁鐵amagneticrecorder磁錄音機(jī)e.g.amagneticcompassbearing 可分辨磁極方向的羅盤 amagneticperson 有魅力的人Theironhaslostitsmagneticforce.這鐵已失去磁力。3.Thenhecouldtellifhewassailingonhiscorrectratherthanarandomcourse.randomn.隨意,任意adj.任意的,隨便的,胡亂的makearandomchoice任意選擇atrandom=aimlessly;withoutanyplan隨機(jī)，隨便e.g.Thetravelersattheairportwere searchedatrandom. (搜查人員對(duì))機(jī)場(chǎng)上的旅客隨便選 幾個(gè)人加以搜查。 Soileddisheswerepiledatrandom. 臟碟子亂七八糟地堆著。4.Itwasawkwardtouseasoneofthepointsofreferencewasthemovingshipitself.awkwardadj.難使用的,笨拙的,尷尬的;棘手的,難處理的Anawkwardsituationaroseduringthepeacetalks.在和平談判中出現(xiàn)了棘手的情況。e.g.Therewasanawkwardsilence,when nooneknewwhattosay.當(dāng)誰都不知道說什么時(shí)，出現(xiàn)了令人尷尬的沉默。5.Thiswasamorepreciseandsimplifiedversionoftheastrolabe.preciseadj.精確的,準(zhǔn)確的precisionn.精確(性),精密(度)e.g.Alawyerneedsaprecisemind. 律師需要一絲不茍的精神。 Acameraisaninstrumentofprecision. 照相機(jī)是一種精密儀器?！就卣埂縫reciselyadv.準(zhǔn)確地；恰好地tobe(more)precise確切地說，準(zhǔn)確地說e.g.Theshelfisaboutameterlong—well,98cm,tobeprecise.架子長(zhǎng)約1米。嗯，準(zhǔn)確地說，是98厘米?！拘≡嚒坑胮recise的適當(dāng)形式填空。

Icanbereasonably_______aboutthetimeoftheincident.2.Thechildrenare_________theoneswhowillsufferiftheygetdivorced.precisepreciselysimplifyvt.單一化,簡(jiǎn)單化simpleadj.簡(jiǎn)單的e.g.TheEnglishinthisstoryhasbeensimplifiedtomakeiteasiertounderstand.這個(gè)故事里的英語被簡(jiǎn)寫以便更容易理解。Hisfatherlivedasimplelifeinthecountry.他父親在農(nóng)村過著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。6.Itwaseasiertohandlebecauseitwasmoreportable.

【考點(diǎn)1】handle的意義和用法。句中的handle 是及物動(dòng)詞,表示“操作,操縱”。此外, handle還有“拿；指揮；管理,處理； 經(jīng)營(yíng)”等含義。【考例】Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachine,wemustsendforanengineerto________theproblem.A.handleB.raiseC.face D.present【點(diǎn)撥】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：因?yàn)檫@兒沒有人知道機(jī)器到底出了什么毛病，所以我們必須派人去請(qǐng)一位工程師來處理這個(gè)問題。由句意可知，handle符合語境。raise舉起，提高，提出；face面對(duì)，朝；present贈(zèng)送，呈交?！究键c(diǎn)2】句型“主語+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+todo”的用法。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,如動(dòng)詞不定式表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且形容詞表示主語的特征或性質(zhì)，則用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如果動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,則要后接相應(yīng)的介詞?！究祭縄likegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____.A.tobebreathed B.tobreatheC.breathing D.beingbreathed【點(diǎn)撥】第二個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“be+形容詞+todo”，用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。portableadj.輕便的,手提(式)的,便攜式的aportabletypewriter提式打字機(jī)aportablegenerator便攜式發(fā)電機(jī)7.Itsshortcomingwasthatitstillusedthemovingshipasoneofthefixedpointsofreference.referencen.提及,涉及,參考,參考書目,證明書(人),介紹信(人)e.g.Atthemeetingtheteachermade referencestohisheroicdeeds. 在會(huì)上老師提到了他的英雄事跡。 Thesearereferencebooksforteachers. 這些是教師參考書。referv.提到,涉及,查閱,咨詢e.g. Herpupilsoftenrefertothis dictionary. 她的學(xué)生經(jīng)常查這本字典。 Don’trefertoitagain. 別再提那件事。shortcomingn.缺點(diǎn),短處(常用復(fù)數(shù))e.g.Inspiteofallhershortcomings,sheisstillthebestteachertheschoolhas.她盡管有些缺點(diǎn)，但仍然是該校最好的教師。8.Thesextantwastheupdatedversionoftheastrolabeandquadrantwhichreducedthetendencytomakemistakes.updatev.使現(xiàn)代化,修正,校正,更新n.現(xiàn)代化,更新updatedadj.最新的,現(xiàn)代化的,適時(shí)的anupdatedandrevisededition最新修訂本tendencyn.趨向,傾向e.g.We’venoticedagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.我們注意到一種趨勢(shì)，越來越多的人在家里工作而不在辦公室里上班。haveatendencytodosth.傾向于做某事,往往會(huì)做某事e.g.Jean’snicebutshehasatendencytotalktoomuch.簡(jiǎn)人倒不錯(cuò)，就是往往太嘮叨。9.Itprovedtobethemostaccurateandreliableoftheseearlynavigationalinstruments.reliableadj.可靠的,可信賴的relyv.依賴,依靠,信賴,信任,依賴于reliabilityn.可靠性e.g.Shemayforgettocomesheisnotveryreliable.她可能忘來了，她太不可靠。課文長(zhǎng)句難句剖析ThecompasshasaspecialmagneticpointerwhichalwaysindicatestheNorthPole,soitisusedtohelpfindthedirectionthattheshipneedstogo.譯文：指南針有一個(gè)特殊的磁針，始終指著北極。因此人們用它來幫助找出船只所要去的方向。剖析:pointer是先行詞,which是引導(dǎo)詞,在從句中作主語,引導(dǎo)后面定語從句alwaysindicatestheNorthPole;so引導(dǎo)后面的是結(jié)果狀語從句;it作形式主語,真正的主語是tohelpfindthedirection;thedirection作為先行詞,that是引導(dǎo)詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句theshipneedstogo。I.根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示,寫出各單詞的正確形式。1.Thev______fromEnglandtoIndiausedtotake6months.2.AseniorChineseofficialsaidthatChinawouldactivelyplanitsdeepspace___________(探險(xiǎn))overthenextfiveyears.voyageexploration3.Suddenly,thesunroseabovetheh______,anditlookedjustlikeagoldendiskgivingitsdazzlingsunshine.4.________(海草),whichcanbeverytiny,orquitelarge,growingupto30metreslong,areafascinatinganddiversegroupoforganismslivingintheearth’soceans.horizonSeaweeds5.Asthet____recededwewereabletolookforshells.6.Shes________theinstructionssothatthechildrencouldunderstandthemeasily.7.Hisbookonhistorycontainsmany__________(提到)toGeorgeWashington.tidesimplifiedreferences8.He________(存)asumofmoneyinthebankeachmonth.9.Therailwayt________showsthetimewhenthetrainsarriveanddepart.10.The__________(最低的)wageis4.25dollarsanhour.timetableminimumdepositsII.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1.Ihavenothingtosay____relationtothatmatter.2.Therefugeeswere____seaforfortydaysbeforereachingland.3.Whatwillyoudowhenyou’re____themercyoftheweather?4.Wewerecaught____thestormandgotdrenched.inatatin5.Manyofthetourists_____boardhadbegunbargainingwiththetradesman.6.Theysetout____sunrise.7._____additiontoanalbum,Igavehimapenandapencil.8.Heis_