牛津高二選修7 Unit 1

Unit1單元總結(jié)Wordsreject,rid,VCD,sacrifice,dial,scan,battery,oppose,wind,storage,merely,sceptical,delay,electronic,percentage,satellitedish,insurance,refrigerator,drawback,translation,principle,gram,evolution,receiver,tube,vote,component,cassette,patent,idiom,adaptation,carriage,circumstance,Wordsdustbin,accessible,digital,eventually,portable,stable,casual,ample,elegant,suitable,all-round,obvious,Christian,textmessage,shallow,disc,religious,tight,valid,typical,construct,relay,black-and-white,distribute,foreseeExpressionskeepintouchwith,inparticular,incolour,keeppacewith,intruth,contributeto,windup,alongwith,beabsorbedin,benefitfrom,voteonsth.,haveaccessto,rid...of,moreof,bemadeupof,forgoodmeasure,payattentionto,haveaconversationwith,focuson,inotherwords,startwith,askfor,aswell(as),forsomereason,dealwith,have/getsth.done，beoflittleimportance,aboveallPatterns1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句（Itis/was...that/who...）2.Itdoesn’tmatterif/whether...3.Ican’timaginedoingsth.4.Iwonderif...5.It’suptosb.todosth.6.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)7.Ittakessometimetodosth.8.Nomatterwhatthe+名詞,...Grammar及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞知識(shí)清單1.__________

n.演變，發(fā)展；進(jìn)化 2.__________

n.缺點(diǎn)，缺陷；不利條件3.__________

vt.&vi.(使)推遲，延遲

n. 延誤，延遲4.__________n. 百分率，百分比5.__________

vt.&vi.上發(fā)條；纏繞；蜿蜒，曲折6.__________

adv.最后，終于7._________

vt.預(yù)料，預(yù)見(jiàn)，預(yù)知drawbackdelaypercentagewindeventuallyforeseeevolution單詞(一)基本單詞8.__________

adj.顯然的，顯而易見(jiàn)的9._________vi.&vt.投票，選舉，表決

n. 選票；選舉，表決10.__________

vt. 反對(duì)，抵制，阻撓；與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)11.__________

adj.符合邏輯的，合理的，有根據(jù)的；

(法律上)有效的12._____________

n.條件，環(huán)境，狀況13.__________

adj.平常的；典型的，有代表性的；特有的14.__________

vt.擺脫；去除；丟棄obviousvoteopposevalidtypicalridcircumstance15.__________n.

原理，法則；道德原則16._______________adj.黑白的17._________n.

無(wú)線接收機(jī)；聽(tīng)筒，受話器；接受者18.______n.管子；管狀物；倫敦地鐵19.__________n.組成部分，成分，部件20._________adj.便攜式的，輕便的21._________n.盒式磁帶，卡式磁帶22._________adj.

數(shù)字信息系統(tǒng)的；數(shù)碼的principleblack-and-whitereceivertubecomponentportablecassettedigital23.________n.存儲(chǔ)，儲(chǔ)藏（空間）24.________n.專(zhuān)利權(quán)；專(zhuān)利證書(shū)25.______vt.播放，轉(zhuǎn)播；接轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)

n.接力賽；中繼設(shè)備26.______adj.足夠的，充足的，豐裕的27._________n.保險(xiǎn)；保險(xiǎn)措施28.__________adj.功能齊全的；全面的29.__________adj.電子的30.___________n.翻譯；轉(zhuǎn)化storagepatentrelayampleinsuranceall-roundelectronictranslation31.______n.

習(xí)語(yǔ)，成語(yǔ)，慣用語(yǔ)32.______vt.&vi.瀏覽；審視；掃描33.________n.

電池34._________adj.(信奉)基督教的n.基督教35.__________n.四輪馬車(chē)；（火車(chē)）車(chē)廂36.____________n.冰箱37.________adj.

親密的，緊密的；緊的；嚴(yán)密的idiomscanbatteryChristiancarriagerefrigeratortight38._________adj.懷疑的39._______adj.

僅僅，只不過(guò)40._____vt.&vi.撥（電話號(hào)碼），打電話41.____________n.

（手機(jī)）短信42._________adj.膚淺的，淺薄的；淺的43.________vt.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出n.

犧牲；祭品44._______adj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)重的45.________n.垃圾桶，垃圾箱sceptical

merelydialtextmessageshallowsacrificestabledustbin45.____________vt.制造；修筑，建造→_____________n.建筑；建設(shè)→_____________

n.建筑者，建造者→_____________

adj.建設(shè)性的，積極的46.___________adj.可使用的；可接觸到的；可到達(dá)的；易理解的→_______n.(接近或進(jìn)入某地的)方法；通路；(使用某物或接近某人的)機(jī)會(huì)或權(quán)利v.存取47.__________vt.使分布，分散；分發(fā)，分配；分銷(xiāo)→_____________

n.分布；分配；分發(fā)constructconstructionconstructorconstructiveaccessibleaccessdistributedistribution(二)派生單詞48.___________n.適應(yīng)；改編本，改寫(xiě)本→

__________v.改編，改寫(xiě)；適應(yīng)49._________adj.非正式的，隨便的；漫不經(jīng)心的，不經(jīng)意的→__________adv.隨便地；漫不經(jīng)心地50._________adj.合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)摹鷂________

v.適合于；合(某人的)心意adaptationadaptcasualcasuallysuitablesuit51.__________adj.雅致的，精美的；優(yōu)雅的→

__________n.優(yōu)雅，典雅52.__________adj.宗教的，宗教信仰的；篤信宗教的，虔誠(chéng)的→_____________

n.宗教53._________adj.拒絕；不予考慮→___________

n.拒絕elegantelegancereligiousreligionrejectrejection1.________________與……保持聯(lián)系2.________________取得重大突破3.________________在二十世紀(jì)二十年代后期4.________________上發(fā)條5.________________有利于，促進(jìn)6.________________

(sth.)可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的7.________________

跟上keepintouchwith

makeimportantbreakthroughsinthelate1920swindup contributetobeaccessibletokeeppacewith短語(yǔ)8._______________

特別地，尤其9._______________

適合……10.______________

事實(shí)上11.______________

面對(duì)面交流12._______________

全神貫注于13._______________額外14._______________

擺脫，除去inparticularbesuitablefor

intruthface-to-facecommunicationbeabsorbedinforgoodmeasurerid...ofJohnLogieBairdconstructedthefirstcolourTVin1928,butitwas

notuntil1938thatthefirstcolourTVprogrammewasbroadcast.notuntil/till意為“直到……才”，itwas…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型句式核心要點(diǎn)1.delayv.

(使)推遲，延遲

n.延誤，延遲【歸納】

delaydoingsth.

推遲做某事

withoutdelay

毫不延遲地，立即

thedelayindoingsth.

延遲做某事單詞①Hewascriticizedforhis_________takingcareofthematter.他由于沒(méi)有及時(shí)處理這件事而受到批評(píng)。②Thismattershouldbereportedtothepresident_____________.

這件事應(yīng)該立即上報(bào)院長(zhǎng)。③

Wedecidedto___________________untilnextyear.

我們決定把婚禮推遲到明年。④Ihaveto_______________hisquestion.

我不能及時(shí)回答他的問(wèn)題。delayinwithoutdelaydelayourweddingdelayanswering【運(yùn)用】⑤

Itwasalreadypastmidnightandonlythreeyoungmen_____intheteahouse．

A.leftB.remainedC.delayedD.deserted⑥TheWorldHealthOrganizationgaveawarningtothepublicwithoutany_____

whenthevirusofH1N1hitMexicoinApril,2009.A.delayB.effortC.scheduleD.considerationBA2.distributev.使分布，分散；分發(fā)，分配；分銷(xiāo)【歸納】

distributesth.

分發(fā)某物

distributesth.to/amongsb.

把某物分發(fā)給某人【拓展】distributionn.分配，分發(fā)①Clothesandblankets_________________therefugees.

向難民分發(fā)了衣服和毯子。②Thereareover35000speciesoforchid_____________________________.

有35,000多種蘭花分布在世界各地。③Please_________________________children.

請(qǐng)把這些書(shū)分給孩子們。④Thesebirdshave____________________.

這些鳥(niǎo)的分布很廣。distributedthroughouttheworldhavebeendistributedamong/todistributethebooksto/amongawidedistribution【運(yùn)用】

Amuchbetterwaymustbefoundtoachieveanequal________oftheresources.distributionB.contributionC.revolution D.separationA3.windv.

(路、河等)蜿蜒；纏繞；給……

上發(fā)條；倒(磁帶、膠卷等)

n.風(fēng)；氣味；卷繞【歸納】

windup

上發(fā)條

windsth.intoaball

把……繞成一團(tuán)

windone’sway

蜿蜒前進(jìn)

winddown(指鐘表)慢下來(lái)后停??；使(業(yè)務(wù)、活動(dòng)等)逐步結(jié)束，把(汽車(chē)窗玻璃等)搖下①Shewaslikeanarcissustrembling_______.她像一株在風(fēng)中搖動(dòng)的水仙。②He______________________awheel.他把繩子繞在一個(gè)輪子上。③Mywatch____________________.Willyoupleasemenditforme?

我的表發(fā)條松了，你能不能幫我修修?④Theriver_____________acrosstheplain.這條河蜿蜒曲折地流過(guò)平原。inthewindwoundtheropearoundhasbeenwindingdownwindsitsway【運(yùn)用】Ilookedupandnoticedasnake________itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towind

B.wind

C.winding

D.woundC4.obviousadj.顯然的，顯而易見(jiàn)的【歸納】

beobvioustosb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)很清楚

Itisobviousthat...

顯然……【拓展】

obviouslyadv.

顯然地①

______________sheadoreshim.她顯然深深地愛(ài)著他。②Howstupidtooverlook_____________mistake!把這樣明顯的錯(cuò)誤都忽略過(guò)去了，多蠢呀!③_________,wedon’twanttospendtoomuchmoney.

很明顯，我們不想花太多的錢(qián)。It’sobviousthatsuchanobviousObviously【運(yùn)用】5.votev.投票，選舉，表決

n.選票；選舉，表決【歸納】

votefor/against投票贊成/反對(duì)……

voteinfavourof

投票贊成

voteon

就……表決

votetodosth.

投票去做某事

votethat...

投票決定；提議，建議

castavote

投票

take/haveavoteon

投票表決

putsth.tothevote

付諸表決①Youmust____________beforeeighto’clocktonight.

你必須在今晚八點(diǎn)以前投票。②Sendatextmessagetothisnumber______.請(qǐng)發(fā)短信到此號(hào)碼參加投票。③Thechairmanaskedus_________theplan.主席要我們對(duì)計(jì)劃進(jìn)行表決。④Therewasnoalternativeforthembut____________.他們別無(wú)選擇，只有投票贊成。⑤Thestudents______________thestruggle.學(xué)生們一致決定繼續(xù)斗爭(zhēng)。castyourvotetovotetovoteontovoteinfavourvotedtocontinue【運(yùn)用】6.rejectv.拒絕，拒收；不予考慮，不予錄用【歸納】

rejectsth.(因不符合要求)拒絕接受某事

rejectsb.

拒絕錄用某人，不錄用某人【拓展】rejectionn. 拒絕①

Hisapplication____________outofhand.

他的申請(qǐng)立即遭到拒絕。②She________________usthetruth.

她拒絕對(duì)我們講實(shí)情。③

Hedecidednottoapproachherfor_________________.

他因怕遭拒絕決定不再去找她。wasrejectedrejectedtellingfearofrejection【運(yùn)用】Wehaveverystrictqualitycontrolandanythingimperfectis________,socustomersfeelsecureaboutourproducts.denied B.rejectedC.deserted D.refusedB7.opposev.反對(duì)，抵制，阻撓；與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；使相對(duì)，使對(duì)抗

【歸納】

opposedoingsth.

反對(duì)做某事

opposeAto/againstB

使A與B對(duì)抗/對(duì)照【拓展】

opposedadj.

反對(duì)的；相反的

beopposedto

反對(duì)；對(duì)抗①We________________________butinvain.我們反對(duì)這個(gè)提議，但沒(méi)用。②Thehusbandstrongly_________________therealone.丈夫極力反對(duì)妻子單獨(dú)去那個(gè)地方。③Hisfamilywere___________themarriage.他的家人反對(duì)這門(mén)親事。opposedtheproposalopposedhiswife’sgoing

opposedto【運(yùn)用】Strangely,Mr.Green,also______tothenewpolicy,madenoremarkinthediscussion.opposing

B.opposesC.opposed D.havingopposedC8.circumstancen.條件，環(huán)境，情形，情況，狀況【歸納】under/inthecircumstances

在這種情況下；既然如此

under/innocircumstances

決不，無(wú)論如何都不

family/personal/domesticcircumstances

家庭/個(gè)人/國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況①Youshouldsoonadaptyourselfto__________________________.你應(yīng)盡快適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。②It’snot__________________________ofchoice.

那不是環(huán)境的問(wèn)題，而是選擇的問(wèn)題。③_____________________________itrightthatyoushouldknow.在目前情況下，我覺(jué)得讓你們知道是對(duì)的。thenewcircumstanceamatterofcircumstancebutUnderthecircumstancesIfeel【運(yùn)用】④Aperson’sbehaviorisoftenregulated___________________________.人的行為常受其所處環(huán)境的約束。⑤_________________________________losesightofourmainobjective.在任何情況下，我們都不能忘記自己的宗旨。bythesurroundingcircumstancesUndernocircumstancesshouldwe9.typicaladj.平常的；典型的，有代表性的；象征性的；特有的【歸納】

betypicalof...

是……的代表，是典型的……Itistypicalofsb.todosth.

某人一向做某事①Belowisanexampleof______________letter.下面是典型商業(yè)信函的一個(gè)例子。②___________________takehardjobs.搶挑重?fù)?dān)是他的特點(diǎn)。③Thepicture________________itskind.這幅畫(huà)在同類(lèi)繪畫(huà)中有代表性。atypicalbusinessItistypicalofhimtoistypicalof【運(yùn)用】10.sacrificev.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出

n.犧牲，舍棄；祭品【歸納】

sacrifice...to

把……獻(xiàn)祭給……

sacrifice...for...

為……而犧牲

sacrifice...todosth.

犧牲……做某事

makesacrifices

作出犧牲

sellsth.atasacrifice

虧本出售

atthesacrificeof...

以犧牲……為代價(jià)①Amotherwill_________________herchildren.

為了孩子，一個(gè)母親可以獻(xiàn)出她自己的生命。②Iwouldneverdreamofaskingyoutomake______________.

我決沒(méi)想到要你做出這樣的犧牲。③Theykilledasheep_______________.

他們?cè)琢艘恢谎蜃鳛榧榔贰＂躀t’swrong__________________________.

犧牲質(zhì)量去追求數(shù)量是錯(cuò)誤的。sacrificeherlifeforsuchasacrificeasasacrificetosacrificequalitytoquantity【運(yùn)用】Manypeople________theirlivesforourcountries,whodeservetoberespected.accused B.qualifiedC.purchased D.sacrificedD

keep

in

touch

with

保持聯(lián)系

【拓展】

get

in

touch

with

取得聯(lián)系stay

in

touch

with

保持聯(lián)系

stay

in

touch

with

和keep

in

touch

with是一樣的，都表示狀態(tài)，保持聯(lián)系；

get

in

touch

with

表示動(dòng)作，意思是：取得聯(lián)系。短語(yǔ)2.rid...of使……免除……，使……擺脫……

【歸納】

be/getridof擺脫，去除

ridsb.ofsth.

使某人擺脫某物①Wewillbeglad_____________him.

擺脫他，我們將很高興。②Wehaveto___________theseoldnewspapers.

我們必須把這些舊報(bào)紙?zhí)幚淼?。③Youmustrid_____________thisgloomymood.

你必須使自己擺脫這種悶悶不樂(lè)的憂郁情緒。togetridofgetridof

yourselfof【運(yùn)用】—Didyouenjoythebook?

—Yes,itwassointerestingthatIcouldn’t_____it.

A.getridofB.breakawayfromC.keepawayfromD.tearmyselfawayfrom

DJohnLogieBairdconstructedthefirstcolourTVin1928,butitwasnotuntil1938thatthefirstcolourTVprogrammewasbroadcast.notuntil/till意為“直到……才”，主句常用終止性動(dòng)詞（即非延續(xù)性），表示until/till所表示的時(shí)間一到，該動(dòng)作就發(fā)生。如：句式Hedidn’tgotobeduntil/tillelevenlastnight.昨天夜里他直到十一點(diǎn)才上床睡覺(jué)。Shedidn’tknowmeuntil/tilllastweek.她直到上一周才認(rèn)識(shí)我。注意：notuntil放在句首時(shí)要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，如上面第三個(gè)例句可以改為放在句首的倒裝句：Notuntil

thewarwasoverwasEinsteinabletoreturntohishomeland.Itwasnotuntil1938that…是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。it

is／was…

who/that結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))。在這個(gè)句型中，it沒(méi)有詞匯意義，只是引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用who或that來(lái)連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用that來(lái)連接。使用本句型的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)

1.被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是主語(yǔ)，who／that之后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上與原句中的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：

It

is

I

who

am

right.It

is

he

who

is

wrong.

It

is

the

students

who

are

lovely.

2.即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)等，也不能用when,where,because,要用

that。如：

It

was

after

the

war

was

over

that

Einstein

was

able

become

back

to

his

research

work

again.3.如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分有同位語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)也應(yīng)提前。如：

It

was

from

him,his

chemistry

teacher,

that

Paul

learnedtowatch,carefully

in

class.

4.被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是作主語(yǔ)的代詞，用主格，是作賓語(yǔ)的代詞，用賓格。如：

It

was

he

that

helped

me

yesterday.5.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用

who。如：

It

was

the

things

and

people

that

they

remembered

that

they

were

talking

about．語(yǔ)法及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞用法小結(jié)●能跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)為及物動(dòng)詞。賓語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、V-ing形式或從句來(lái)充當(dāng)，如：a.Ihavetoimprovemyselftocatchupwithmyclassmates.b.Didyouremembertolockthedoor?c.Theshoesonyourfeetrequirewashing.d.Heexplainedthatthiswasnotdonebyhim.●及物動(dòng)詞后可跟雙賓語(yǔ)。直接賓語(yǔ)一般是事物，是及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受體；間接賓語(yǔ)一般是人，是及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的接受者，如：a.Heboughtmeapairofglasses.b.Canyoushowmehowtousethewashingmachine?●有些及物動(dòng)詞后可跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，即“賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、V-ing形式或V-ed形式等來(lái)充當(dāng)，如：a.Weconsiderhimaskillfultennisplayer.b.Wethinkyouloyalandmodest.c.Putthecupinplace,please.d.Ididn’texpectyoubacksosoon.e.Icouldsmelltroublecoming.f.Youmustmakeyourselfrespected.●大多數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞都能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：a.Iwasledtothepartybymyfriendyesterday.b.Thewindowwasnotbrokenbyme.●不及物動(dòng)詞指的是意義本身完整且后面不能跟賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：a.Thecarstopped.b.Whenwecome,itrainssuddenly.c.IhavebeenlivinginthevillagesinceIwasachild.d.I’dliketofindanewgrouptoworkonthisproject.若要跟賓語(yǔ)，需借助某個(gè)介詞。不及物動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。●有些動(dòng)詞可以兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞且意義不變，如：a.Idon’tknowwhetherIcansurviveinthebattle.b.Thefrontpassengerswereluckytosurvivetheaccident.常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)詞有：increase,change,survive,prove,consider,prepare等?！裼行﹦?dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，但意義完全不同，如：a.Ican’toperatethecomputer;it’shardtouse.b.Themachineoperateswellunderextremeworkingconditions.常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)詞有：operate,grow,play,smell,hang等?！炯磳W(xué)即用】單項(xiàng)填空。1.—Whydidyougobacktothelibrary?—IleftmybrotherJason_____there.A.wait

B.towait

C.waits

D.waiting2.IalwayswantedtodealwithbusinesswhichI’dbeentrained_____.

A.on

B.for

C.by

D.ofDB3.Youwouldfindyourself_____inthesongbyMiraifyouhadcometotheconcert.A.lose

B.lost

C.tolose

D.havinglost4.We’vebeenwellpreparedforthetrip,butIdon’tknow_____itrainstomorrow.

A.where

B.what

C.whether

D.which5.Stevenhadhisluggage_____beforeleavinghome.

A.check

B.checking

C.tocheck

D.checkedBCD鞏固練習(xí)I.根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出該單詞的正確形式（每空限填一詞）。1.Wemustd_______ourjourneyuntiltheweatherimproves.2.Peoplealwayswanttoknowaboutyourprivatelife.That’soneofthed________________________ofbeingfamous.delaydrawbacks/disadvantages3.Althoughclosetotears,thegirltriedtomakehervoicesoundc________.4.TheEnglishversionofthepoemisboring—perhapsithaslostsomethingint_________.5.Thesuggestionwasapproved,with25v_____infavor,and7against.6.Theagreementisnotv_____,becauseoneofthepeoplewhosigneditisnotlawfullyoldenoughtodoso.casual

translationvotes

valid7.Themeetinghasbeencancelledduetoc____________beyondourcontrol.8.Iwanttofollowadietthatishealthywithout___________(舍棄)