2023年上海高考英語iread模考試卷第8期(23008) 含答案與默寫與范文與聽力文本和音頻(附在文末)

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2023年全國普通高等學校招生統(tǒng)一考試

上海英語模擬試卷

iREAD中學英語測評（命題）研究中心

刊發(fā)書專苴品質(zhì)俄激超混傳燈哆然利許眼為

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionAShortConversations

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.A.Itwillbereadyintwohours.

B.Itwillbereadyatfouro5clocktoday.

C.Itcanbeunderrepairtomorrowafternoon.

D.Itcanbepickedupattwoo5clocktomorrow.

2.A.He'llgotothepartywiththewoman.B.Hemetthemanattheparty.

C.Hehaschangedhisplans.D.Hehastoworklate.

3.A.Payfbrsomeofthefood.B.ThankGaryforhisgenerousoffer.

C.Insistonchoosingtheirownfood.D.TreatGarytodinnersomeothertime.

4.A.She'sgoingtohelpthenurse.

B.Thenursewasn'tabletohelpher.

C.Shethinkssheshouldaskthenurseforapill.

D.Shefeelstiredbecauseofthemedicineshetook.

5.A.Shewasn'tsurehowtoendthebook.

B.Sherearrangedthechaptersofherbook.

C.Sheworkedonthechapterfbrquiteawhile.

D.Sheassuredhimthatthechapterwasfinished.

6.A.Thestoreisoutofcoffee.

B.Theyshouldbuyalotofcoffee.

C.There'sroomtostackupthecansofcoffee.

D.Theyshouldwaitfbrabetterdealoncoffee.

7.A.Sheisverystrict.B.Sheworksveryhard.

C.Herclassesfillupquickly.D.It'seasytogetgoodgradesinhercourses.

8.A.Theofficenolongerissuesbirthcertificates.

B.Theofficealreadymailedtheman'sbirthcertificate.

C.Themandoesn'thavesufficientidentificationforhisrequest.

D.Themanwillhavetoapplyfbrhisbirthcertificateinwriting.

9.A.NotmanyplanesgotoWashington.

B.Thesixo'clockflightisalreadyfilled.

C.Thewomanhasachoiceofearlyflights.

D.Thewomanshouldtaketheearlierflight.

10.A.Howthemanfeelsaboutthenews.B.Ifthemanisgoingtolosehisjob.

C.Wherethemanheardthenews.D.Ifthemanisgoingtothestore.

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SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandthe

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.GivepeopleanideaofNewYork'slonghistory.

B.EnablepeopletoseewhatNewYorkusedtobelike.

C.Callforpeople'sattentiontothedamagedonetoNewYork.

D.RemindpeopleofNewYork'sroleintheAmericanRevolution.

12.A.Theboomingeconomy.B.Thediverseecology.

C.Thedisappearanceofwildlife.D.Theemergingoffreshwaterstreams.

13.A.SherefusedtoofferhotteatotheBritishofficers.

B.ShetoldWashington'stroopswhereBroadwaywas.

C.ShehelpedWashington'stroopsslipwithoutbeingnoticed.

D.SheremindedtheBritishofiRcersoftheapproachingdanger.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Elephantslivealonglife.B.Elephantshaveagoodmemory.

C.Theroleoffemaleelephantleaders.D.Themapsthatelephantshavemade.

15.A.Jennyfoundtherewasanewcomer.B.JennyfoundShirleywasgoingtoattackher.

C.JennyfoundshehadbeensenttoAsia.D.Jennyfoundtheenvironmentwaspolluted.

16.A.Forsurvival.B.Forpleasure.

C.Toimpresshumans.D.Toavoidconflicts.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Howreliablelong-rangeforecastsare.

B.Howmuchithasimprovedinrecentyears.

C.Howlongittakestobecomeameteorologist.

D.Howthecurrentforecastwillaffectthespeakers.

18.A.Theamountofcloudcovering.B.Thewindconditions.

C.Theamountofsnow.D.Thetemperature.

19.A.Expertsspendlesstimestudyingautumn.

B.Theweatherpatternsaremorechangeableintheautumn.

C.Someforecastingmachinesdonotworkwellinhotweather.

D.TheNationalWeatherServicemisplaceditsspringandsummerdata.

20.A.Henolongerbelievesshort-rangeforecasts.

B.Heissofascinatedthathedecidestostudymeteorology.

C.Herealizesthatthereissomevalueinlong-rangeforecasting.

D.Hedecidestochangehisforecast.

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II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Deep-SeaAficrobes(微生物)MayBeMissingLinkinSearchforOriginofComplexLife

LetusintroduceThor,Loki,OdinandHeimdall-ourmicrobialancestorsdatingbacktwo

billionyears.AteamatUppsalaUniversity,Swedenhasdiscoveredseveralmicrobescarryinggenes

(21)werepreviouslythoughttobeuniquetomorecomplexlifeforms,includinghumans.

Thesingle-celledmicroorganisms,calledarchaea,werediscoveredinsubstances(22)

(collect)atsevensitesaroundtheworld,includinghotspringsinYellowstoneNationalPark.The

fourspeciesinquestion,namedafterNorsegodsandknownas4Asgardarchaea5,areasdifferent

fromoneanother(23)atreeisfromamushroom.

Thefindingsupportsadecades-oldtheorythatcomplexlifefirst(24)(arise)whenan

archaeonconsumedabacterium,butthebacteriumsurvived.The(25)(result)arrangement

provedtobebeneficialtoboth,andthetwopreviouslyseparateorganismsevolved(26)life

formswithcellsandcomplexinternalstructures,calledeukaryotes.Allplantsandanimalsare

eukaryotes.

“Thethings,whichwethoughtmadeaeukaryoteaeukaryote,are(27)we'renowfinding

inthesenewarchaea,saidresearcherBrettBaker."We'reessentiallyrewritingthetextbookon

basicbiology.^^

Sofar,thearchaea(28)(onlyidentify)bypiecingtheirgenomestogetherusingseparate

bitsofgatheredgeneticmaterial.Theteam'snextgoalis(29)(grow)theminthelab.

“ItwouldbegreatifwecouldisolateorgrowAsgardcells,andstudythemunderthe

microscope,saidThijsEttema,aresearcherwhowasinvolvedintheproject.<4Iamconvincedthat

this(30)(reveal)moreimportantcluesabouthowcomplexcellsevolved.Finally,our

microbialancestrywillbeuncovered.^^

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.ceaselessB.engineeringC.inspireD.issueE.reintroductionF.resemble

G.scrubbyH.secretI.solutionJ.surroundingK.territory

WalkinaBeaverWonderland

Havegonebackintimetoalandscapenotseeninthiscomeroftheworldforthebestpartof

500years.Allaroundmearesignsofintensive31~notbyhumans,butbybeavers(海貍).

MarkElliottattheDevonWildlifeTrustisshowingmeroundthewetlandontheedgeof

Dartmoor,UK,wherein2011thetrustreleasedapairofEurasianbeavers."They'rereallybusyat

themoment,hesays.

Beforetherelease,theareawasa(n)32woodlandwithasmallstreamrunningthroughit.

Butthebeaversquicklygottowork,buildingalodge(窩)，deepeningthepondarounditand

dammingtheheadwatersofthestream.

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Theareaseesalotofrain,andwaterrunsquicklyoffthe33land,flowingintoriversand

causingflashfloods.Butonbeaver34,thewaterisnowheldupinponds,flowingoutatafar

moreleisurelypace.Hardlyanybodylivesnearby,sofloodingisn5ta(n)35.Butitisaserious

andgrowingthreatelsewhere.Judgingfromtheresearchdonehere,beaverscouldbepartofthe

36.

Thesecreaturesareknownasecosystemengineers.Icanseesignsof37beaveringacross

everyinchofthesite.Thestreamhasbeenturnedintoaseriesof13largepoolsheldbackbydams

madeofsticks,mudandgrass.Theoldestdamdoes38aNeolithic(新石器時代的)earthwork,

severalmetresacrossandgrassedover.Itholdsaseriousamountofwater.Intotal,damsonthesite

holdmorethanamillionlitres.

Theteamhaskeptthelocationoftheproject39toavoidpeople.Somearejustkeento

seethebeaversfbrthemselves,butothersmaywishtostopthetrialbecausetheyopposethe40

ofatroublingspecies.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

^Specializationisfbrinsects,55thesciencefictionauthorRobertA.Heinleinfamouslywrote.

“Ahumanbeingshouldbeabletochangeadiaper,plananinvasion,butcherahog,connaship,

designabuilding,writeasonnet,balanceaccounts,buildawall,setabone,comfortthedying,take

orders,giveorders,cooperate,actalone,solveequations,analyzeanewproblem,pitchmanure,

programacomputer,cookatastymeal,fightefficiently,diebravely.”

That'sastandardmuchhigherthanIcanmeet.ButHeinlein'sidealofwide-rangingabilities

isanexcellentgoal,however41anyofusmightachieveit.

Thekeyinthispursuitisa42topushtheboundariesofourcomfortzones.Ifseasyto

fallinto43patterns,exercisingafewskillsthatwe'vemasteredanddefiningourselvesbyour

dailyhabits.HaveIdecidedthatI'masuburbanwhite-collarguy?Thenit'stemptingto44a

hostofhands-ontaskstoplumbers,roofers,andotherspecialists.Thosespecialists,45,might

beeverybitaslimitedasmeoutsideoftheirownzones.

Ingoodtimes,thafsa46arrangement.WhyshouldIdoanordinaryjobofrepairingmy

roofifIcanpaysomebodytodoitwell?Sure,thatmeanswebecome47theavailability,

honesty,andaffordabilityofspecialists,butadivisionoflaborisa48inlifesothatwedon5t

expendallourenergyontryingtodoeverythingourselves.Butlifehasawayofthrowingus

curveballs.ApipeburstsonaSaturdayevening,oratiregetsflatbeyondcellphonereception,or

thefix-itlistfbrtheelectricianpicksupapricetagbeyondthereachofthe49.

Canwe50everythingNotachance.Butweshouldbewillingtothinkof51as

opportunitiestolearnnewskills.Ifthebathtubstopsdraining,canwetry30minutesofonline

guidanceand$20worthoftools52wedrop$150onaplumber?Howmuchcouldwetakeon

ourselvesifthespecialistsonourcontactlistwere53orcosttoomuch?

There'sprobablynowaytocompletely54Heinlein'sideal.Beinggoodatsomethingyou

loveisagreatfeeling;beinggoodatsomethingyouloveandgoodenoughatsomethingsthatcan

keepyourbooksbalancedthroughtoughtimesis55.

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41.A.sufficientlyB.eventuallyC.imperfectlyD.irregularly

42.A.willingnessB.failureC.responsibilityD.proposal

43.A.differentB.culturalC.socialD.familiar

44.A.takeupB.putawayC.setoffD.handover

45.A.bycontrastB.inturnC.fbrinstanceD.orrather

46.A.formalB.fineC.specialD.similar

47.A.dependentonB.concernedaboutC.suitablefbrD.interestedin

48.A.roleB.kick-startC.necessityD.turning-point

49.A.budgetB.marketC.stateD.series

50.A.loseB.masterC.believeD.explain

51.A.prejudicesB.judgementsC.foundationsD.challenges

52.A.unlessB.thoughC.becauseD.before

53.A.inexperiencedB.unavailableC.instructiveD.peculiar

54.A.makeupforB.doawaywithC.liveuptoD.keepawayfrom

55.A.fasterB.moreworryingC.betterD.moredoubtful

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethe

onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

AInc.ischeckingoutofChina5sfiercelycompetitivedomestice-commerce

market.ThecompanytoldsellersonThursdaythatitwouldnolongeroperateitsthird-partyonline

marketplaceorprovidesellerservicesonitsChinesewebsite,A.Asaresult,domestic

companieswillnolongerbeabletosellproductstoChineseconsumersonitse-commerceplatform.

ThedecisionmarksanendtoalongstrugglebyAmerica'se-commercegiantintheChinese

market.ThefirmmadeitsfirstappearanceintheChinesemarketwithgreatattentionintheearly

2000sonlytofailinthefaceofcompetitionfromChina'sfaster-movinginternetgiantsin2018.

Amazonhasbeenintalkstocombineitse-commercebusinessforgoodsimportedintoChina

withaChinesecompetitor,NetEaseInc/sKaola,inastock-fbr-stocktransaction(交易),according

toapersonfamiliarwiththematter.ThatwouldremovetheAmazonnamefromconsumer-facing

e-commerceinChina.Neithercompanywouldconfirmtheprogressordetailsofthosetalks,nor

wouldtheysayiftheyarecontinuing.

Inawrittenstatement,AmazonsaiditremainscommittedtoChinathroughitsglobalstores,

Kindlebusinessesandwebservices.AmazonChina'spresidentwillleavetotakeonanotherrole

withinthecompany,thecompanysaid.TheChinaconsumer-businessteamwillreportdirectlyinto

thecompany5sglobalteam.

WhenAmazonfirstenteredChinain2004withthepurchaseofJ,itwasthelargest

onlinesellerfbrbooks,musicandvideothere.MostChineseconsumerswereusingcash-on-

deliveryastheirtopformofpayment.Today,AmazonChinachieflymeettheneedsofcustomers

lookingfbrimportedinternationalgoodssuchascosmeticsandmilkpowder.

AmazonChinacommandedjust6%ofgrossmarketvolumeinthecross-bordere-commerce

marketinthefourthquarterof2018,versusNetEaseKaola's25%shareandthe32%held

byAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd/sTmallInternational.

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Chineseconsumersarebecomingmorefascinatedwithdomesticbrands.In2011,85%of

Chineseconsumerssaidtheywouldalwaysbuyaforeignbrandoveradomesticone.By2016,60%

ofrespondentssaidtheypreferreddomesticoverforeignbrands.ShaunRein,ChinaMarket

Research'sfounder,saidAmericane-commercegiantscameacrossobstaclesinChinabecausethey

hadn'tofferedtheproductsoruserexperiencethatconsumerswerelookingfbr.

56.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Amazon5smajorsetbacksinceitsentryintoChina.

B.ThereasonswhyAmazonmetsomanyobstaclesinChinesemarket.

C.ThefiercecompetitionbetweenAmazonandtheChineseinternetgiants.

D.Amazon'sunsuccessfuleffortstodevelope-commercebusinessesinChina.

57.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatdoesAInc.plantodo?

A.Tosuspenditsonlineplatformservice.B.ToshutdownallitsstoresinChina.

C.Tostopsellinggoodstocustomers.D.TowithdrawfromChina'smarket.

58.Accordingtoparagraph4,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofAmazon?

A.TheChinesestaffinthecompanyaregoingtobedismissed.

B.Chinesecustomerscanstillbuygoodsfromitsglobalstores.

C.ItwillexpandKindlebusinesseswiththehelpofanewleader.

D.ItsglobalteamisresponsiblefbrrunningthebusinessinChina.

59.Accordingtothepassage,whatcontributestoAmazon'spoorperformanceinChina?

A.Itdoesn'tcooperatewithlocale-commercecompanies.

B.Itdoesn5tfullyunderstandChinesecustomers5needs.

C.Chinesecustomerslikedomesticcompanies.

D.Itsellsaverylimitedrangeofgoods.

(B)

Foracenturyandahalfthepianohasbeenoneofthemostpopularsoloinstrumentsfbr

Westernmusic.Unlikestringandwindinstrument,thepianoiscompletelyself-sufficient,asitis

abletoplayboththemelodyanditsaccompanyingharmonyatthesametime.Forthisreason,it

becamethefavoritehouseholdinstrumentofthenineteenthcentury.

Theancestryofthepianocanbetracedtotheearlykeyboardinstrumentsofthefifteenthand

sixteenthcenturies-thespinet,thedulcimer,andthevirginal.Intheseventeenthcenturytheorgan,

theclavichord,andtheharpsichordbecamethechiefinstrumentsofthekeyboardgroup,a

supremacytheymaintaineduntilthepianosupplantedthemattheendoftheeighteenthcentury.

Theclavichord'stonewasmetallicandneverpowerful;nevertheless,becauseofthevarietyoftone

possibletoit,manycomposersfoundtheclavichordasympatheticinstrumentfbrconcertuse,but

thecharacterofthetonecouldnotbevariedexceptbymechanicalorstructuraldevices.

ThepianowasperfectedintheearlyeighteenthcenturybyaharpsichordmakerinItaly(though

musicologistspointoutseveralpreviousinstancesoftheinstrument).Thisinstrumentwascalleda

pianoefbrte(softandloud).Thewiresweremuchheavierintheearlierinstruments.Aseriesof

mechanicalimprovementscontinuingwellintothenineteenthcentury,includingtheintroductionof

pedals(踏板)tosustaintoneortosoftenit,theperfectionofametalframeandsteelwireofthe

finestquality,finallyproducedaninstrumentcapableofmanytonaleffectsfromthemostdelicate

harmoniestoanalmostorchestralfullnessofsound.

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60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Thehistoricaldevelopmentofthepiano.

B.Thequalityoftoneproducedbythepiano.

C.Theusesofpianoinvarioustypesofcompositions.

D.Thepopularityofthepianowithcomposers.

61.Whichofthefollowinginstrumentswaswidelyusedbeforetheseventeenthcentury?

A.Theharpsichord.B.Thespinet.

C.Theclavichord.D.Theorgan.

62.Accordingtotheinformationinthethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingimprovementsmade

itpossibletolengthenthetoneproducedbythepiano?

A.Theincreaseinweight.B.Theuseofheavywires.

C.Theintroductionofpedals.D.Themetalframeconstruction.

(C)

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidely

acceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual(儀式).Theargumentfor

thisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,

eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeans,tocontrol

theseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswere

thenmaintainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhich

explainedorcoveredthemysteriesoftherituals.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,but

thestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritualscontainedthe

seedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumes(戲月艮)werealmostalwaysused.

Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunity

didnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe“actingarea”andthe“auditorium.”

Inaddition,therewereperformers,andsinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoiding

mistakesintheenactmentofrituals,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksand

costumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andimitatedthe

desiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,thecomebackoftheSun-asanactor

might.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingto

thisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherachievements)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthrough

theuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionof

eachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthat

areprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.

63.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

A.Thereasonwhydramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramastories.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydramas.

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64.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

A.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

B.Ritualusesmusicwhiledramadoesnot.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

65.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

A.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.

B.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.

C.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.

D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.

66.Whatdoesthepassagemanydiscuss?

A.Theoriginsoftheater.B.Theimportanceofstorytelling.

C.TheroleofritualinmodemdramaD.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities.

SectionC

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecan

beusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Accordingtotheauthors,pandasspentmillionsofyearsofgoingitaloneontheirown

evolutionaryjourney.

B.Aspecieshasbeensaved.

C.In2003,therewereonly1,600wildpandasremaining.

D.Itdependsonwhatyourdefinitionofsuccessis.

E.Werespondedtonewsoftheirdecreasebyshoweringthemwithconcernandcash.

F.Wetookitforgrantedthathumanbeingsweretoblamefortheirshrinkingpopulation.

SavingPandas

Lefsstartatthebeginning.Howdidpandascometocapturethepublic'simagination?What

isitaboutthemthatwecametolove?

In1966,whilepandaconservationwasstillinitsinfancy,zoologistsRamonaandDesmond

Morrisputtogetheralistofwhypandaswouldcometocreepintothepublicconsciousnessintheir

bookMenAndPandas.Includedintheirlistwasthefactthatpandas（appearto）havebigeyes;that

theysituplikeusandhavenotail;andthattheyareplayfulandround.67Andthentheyhit

thepublicityjackpotsimplybecausenaturalselectionhappenedtoproduceacreaturethatwe

humansconsidercuteandunthreatening.Thatwasallittook.

Therestwashistory.68Andwestilldo.

Today,pandaconservationisbigbusiness.Scotland'sEdinburghZoo,forinstance,pays

￡600,000annuallyforhousingtwopandas.Arepandasworthit,then?Isallofthatmoneybeing

wellspent?Ifyourdefinitionofsuccessisaboutpandanumbersinthewild,thenyes,undoubtedly

thereisreasontobecheerful,fbrwildpandanumbersappeartoberisingatlast.69Now,

14yearslater,therearenearer1,850—anincreaseof16percent.Infact,asofSeptember2016,

giantpandasarenolongerconsideredofficiallyendangered,theyarenowlistedasmerely

"vulnerable（易受傷害的）'bytheIUCN,theglobalrecordkeepersofthefatesofdecreasingspecies.

Thankstoamarkeddecreaseinpoaching（偷獵）andanexpansioninthespecies9protectedliving

space,thefutureofChina'swildpandaslooksmoresecurethanbefore.

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Itislikelythatthistrendwillcontinue,soonecouldarguethattheconservationmoneyhas

beenagreatsuccess.70

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthe

passageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

TheEffectofMassTransportation

MasstransportationrevisedthesocialandeconomicstructureoftheAmericancityinthree

fundamentalways.Itledtophysicalexpansion,itsortedoutpeopleandlanduses,anditspedup

theinstabilityofurbanlife.Byopeningvastareasofunoccupiedlandforresidentialexpansion,the

omnibuses,horserailways,commutertrains,andelectrictrolleyspulledsettledregionsoutwardtwo

tofourtimesmoredistantfromcitycentersthantheywereinthepre-modemera.In1850,for

example,thebordersofBostonlayscarcelytwomilesfromtheoldbusinessdistrict;bytheturnof

thecenturytheareaextendedtenmilesinalldirections.Nowthosewhocouldafforditcouldlive

farremovedfromtheoldcitycenterandstillgothereforwork,shopping,andentertainment.The

newaccessibilityoflandaroundalmosteverymajorcityledtoanexplosionofrealestate

developmentandfueledwhatwenowknowasurbansprawl.Between1890and1920,forexample,

some250,000newresidentiallotswererecordedwithinthebordersofChicago,mostofthem

locatedinoutlyingareas.Overthesameperiod,