主謂一致和特殊句式（重溫高考+考點(diǎn)精析+易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦+考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)） 高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)【語(yǔ)法精準(zhǔn)突破】 （知識(shí)梳理+考點(diǎn)精練）

第四講各具特色的句法——從句與句式專題4.4主謂一致和特殊句式重溫真題考向1主謂一致單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2022·全國(guó)I卷)

Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat_____(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空處在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，先行詞為asignificantnumberofareas，先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“previously(之前地)”可知從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were。were2.(2022·新高考全國(guó)II卷)

Henry__________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。這是一個(gè)“sb.bedoingsth.when...”句型，表示“某人正在做某事，這時(shí)(突然……)”。講述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),主語(yǔ)Henry是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以系動(dòng)詞用was。故用wasfixing。3.(2022·浙江卷1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane

_________________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷，句子中是一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，一般判斷為單數(shù)。根據(jù)全文時(shí)態(tài)看，這里用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)均可。故填isviewed/hasbeenviewed。wasfixingisviewed/hasbeenviewed4.(2022·浙江卷1月)ButCobbandothers_____(be)

nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchanging

theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句中主語(yǔ)是Cobbandothers，為復(fù)數(shù)。另外，句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，和questioning一起構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填are。5.(2021·全國(guó)I卷)Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句中主語(yǔ)是it，為單數(shù)。另外，句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then，用過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was。arewas6.(2021·全國(guó)II卷)OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto_____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:我寫信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“wrote”可知，這里描述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；在“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填was。7.(2021·浙江卷6月)It

doesn’timpress

likeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,_________(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，第二個(gè)分句中的主語(yǔ)是Lincoln’shome，表示單數(shù)。另外句中有since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，用完成時(shí)。故填hasproved。washasproved8.(2021·浙江卷6月)Mary’sniecewrote,“Thelittlehome_________(paint)white.解析：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：瑪麗的侄女寫道:“這個(gè)小家被漆成了白色。句子主語(yǔ)是表物的單數(shù)名詞，又用于直接引語(yǔ)中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故填ispainted。9.(2021·浙江卷1月)Itiscalculatedbydividinga

person’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

___________(consider)healthy.解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句中的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞aBMI，表物。再根據(jù)上文的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填isconsidered。ispaintedisconsidered10.(2021·浙江卷1月)Incities,however,thegain_____(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句上文中的那一句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)between1985and2017，因此這個(gè)句子中也應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填was。11.(2020·全國(guó)I卷)Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic_________(call)galleriesorrooms.解析：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：博物館向公眾開(kāi)放的部分稱為畫廊或畫室。句中的主語(yǔ)是表物的名詞parts，是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填arecalled。wasarecalled12.(2020·全國(guó)I卷)Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection____(be)ondisplay.解析：考查主謂一致。句意：通常，博物館的藏品只有一小部分在展出。句子中的主語(yǔ)是asmallpart，為單數(shù)。根據(jù)本句的上文可知，時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。13.(2020·全國(guó)II卷)Becausethenumberofpossibletopics_____(be)practicallylimitless,wefocusonasampleofthemostinterestingandusefulapplicationsandtoolsandexplainthebasicprinciplesoftechnology.解析：考查主謂一致?！皌henumberof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式，由于時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以填is。isis14.(2020·浙江卷6月)And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood_________(need),agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnologytochangelives.解析：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此空應(yīng)該和前一句保持一致，用被動(dòng)形式。另外，morefood是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故填wasneeded。15.(2020·浙江卷1月)Themedian(中位數(shù)的)ageofanAmericanin1950____(be)30--todayitis41andisexpectedtoincreaseto42by2050.解析：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，句子主語(yǔ)是Themedianage，單數(shù)形式。再根據(jù)下文的時(shí)態(tài)判斷，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。故填is。wasneededis16．(2019·全國(guó)I卷)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six_____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.解析：考查主謂一致。句意：在已經(jīng)確認(rèn)的19個(gè)北極熊亞種群中，有3個(gè)在減少，6個(gè)穩(wěn)定，1個(gè)在增加，9個(gè)缺乏足夠的數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)threearedeclining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語(yǔ)，代指前文中的“polarbearsubpopulations”，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are。17.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ)Fastfood____(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.解析：根據(jù)行文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語(yǔ)fastfood(快餐)是不可數(shù)名詞短語(yǔ)，故填be的第三人稱單數(shù)形式is。are

is考向2特殊句式單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(全國(guó)Ⅱ)Itcouldbeanything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,_______(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.解析：第二個(gè)破折號(hào)之后為but連接的并列句，whateveritis是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，主句為祈使句，所缺詞是主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞原形。故填make。2.(湖南Ⅱ)Itwaswhenwewerereturninghome_____Irealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)whenwewerereturninghome，故用that。makethat考點(diǎn)精析主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致原則就近一致原則意義一致原則主語(yǔ)單數(shù)+謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)主語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)+謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)oreither...or...neither...nor...notonly...butalso...Therebe+多個(gè)主語(yǔ)連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)的情況謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)表達(dá)意義確定的情況特殊句式倒裝句強(qiáng)調(diào)句省略句三種不?？季涫讲糠值寡b全部倒裝基本結(jié)構(gòu)(陳述句)一般疑問(wèn)句形式特殊疑問(wèn)句形式定語(yǔ)從句中賓語(yǔ)從句中狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣不定式祈使句反意疑問(wèn)句感嘆句主謂一致的核心考點(diǎn)1．就近一致原則(1)由or,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...,either...or...,whether...or...,not...but...等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)“就近一致”原則，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。

Neitheritnoranyoftheothersallowyoutousetheirapptoactuallydoreportinglikethis.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.(2)here/there引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子而主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)“就近一致”原則，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。Thereisapen,afewpencilsandsomepiecesofpaperonthedesk.2.意義一致原則(1)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù)的情況①表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Politicsdoesn’tinterestmewhileshelikesitverymuch.Apieceofnewsisveryimportanttoourdailylife.②表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書/報(bào)名、國(guó)名、地名等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。DoyouknowwhentheUnitedNationswassetup?TheUnitedStatesissponsoringnegotiationsbetweenthetwosides.(2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況表示總稱意義的名詞，如people,police,public,cattle等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolicearemaintainingtrafficatthejunction.(3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式依據(jù)主語(yǔ)表示的意義而定①集體名詞，如family,class,group,team,club,company,government,population等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)其在語(yǔ)境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；當(dāng)其表示集體中各個(gè)組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。WhatisthepopulationofChinaatpresent?②“the＋形容詞/分詞”表示“一類人”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；表抽象概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Therichowntherobots,sotheywillbefine.3.語(yǔ)法一致原則(1)由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)①“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Theworkerandwriterhaswrittenanewnovel.ThereisajournalistandwriterlivinginAmericawhosenameisAlexHaley.②“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋a/the＋名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thesingerandthedancerhavejustarrivedattheconcert.③“every＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋every＋名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttotakepartinthespeechcontest.④通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：aknifeandfork(一副刀叉)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everydaywehadtohavebreadandbutter,whichwastheonlyfoodtheygaveus.Truthandhonestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.(2)表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Twohoursisenoughforustodothisexperiment.(3)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來(lái)定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Two-thirdsofthepopulationinChinaarefarmers.About70%oftheworkhasbeendonesofar.(4)主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,aswellas,ratherthan,besides,including等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式；若主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.MyfatheraswellashisworkmateshasbeentoBeijing.倒裝句的核心考點(diǎn)1．全部倒裝(1)在Therebe/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。Look,there’sabookstorebesidethelargesupermarket.(2)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首，主語(yǔ)是名詞而不是代詞時(shí)，用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Thereisadesk,atableandthreechairsintheroom.(3)such作表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)。SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanbutthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist.(4)直接引語(yǔ)的全部或部分位于句首時(shí)?！癐fyoudie,whowillinherityourproperty?”

askedHolmes.(5)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。InthecenteroftheTian’anmenSquarestandsamemorialmonument.(6)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，或使上下文銜接緊密，而將作表語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，引起倒裝。GonearethedayswhengeeksworeshapelessT-shirtstoprovethattheydidn’tcareaboutphysicalappearances.2.部分倒裝在下列幾種情況下，只把助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。(1)little,never,not,seldom,neither,nor,hardly,rarely,nowhere,bynomeans,atnotime,undernocircumstances,innocase,onnocondition等表示否定意義的單詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。Littledoeshecareabouthisownsafetythoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.(2)在not...until...,nosooner...than...,scarcely/hardly...when...,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...等句式中。NeitherdidIgivehimcoffeenordidIgivehiswifecake.(3)當(dāng)only修飾作狀語(yǔ)的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句且位于句首時(shí)。Onlythendidsherealizehowmuchdamagehadbeencaused.(4)在so/such...that...從句中，當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞”或“such＋名詞”位于句首時(shí)。Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.(5)當(dāng)表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“so/as＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示“……也是……”。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.(6)當(dāng)表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“neither/nor＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示“……也不……”。Theycouldn’tunderstanditatthattime,andnorcouldwe.(7)省略if的虛擬條件句，把were,had,should提到主語(yǔ)前面。Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,weshouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.(8)as和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。MuchasIlikethebasketball,Iwon’tbuyit.Waitasyoumay,hewillnotseeyou.Proudasthenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeme.(9)“may＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示祝愿，通常把may置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝語(yǔ)序。Mayyoubehappy!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!強(qiáng)調(diào)句的核心考點(diǎn)1.使用助動(dòng)詞do,does和did對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.2.運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的其他句子成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分?？捎脕?lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等成分。在復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，當(dāng)對(duì)陳述句中的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，無(wú)論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，it后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要用單數(shù)形式is/was，同時(shí)，that/who后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致。Itismyteacherthat/whooftenhelpsmegetoutoftrouble.(2)當(dāng)對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或其他狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用連接詞that，而不能用where,when,why或how等。ItwasonAugust8,2008thatthe29thSummerOlympicswereopenedinBeijing.Itwasinthemeetingroomthatwehadaseriousdiscussion.(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句是“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分？”；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句是“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他成分？”。Wasitbecausehebehavedbadlythathewaspunishedbyhisteacher?Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?(4)在對(duì)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)中的until時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要將句中的not移至until之前，構(gòu)成：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。注意that后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要變成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Ididn’treceivethemanager’sreplyuntilnearlyamonthlater.→ItwasnotuntilnearlyamonthlaterthatIreceivedthemanager’sreply.Hedidn’trealizewhatItoldhimwastheonlypossiblewaytodealwiththeproblemuntilthebeginningofthemeeting.

→ItwasnotuntilthebeginningofthemeetingthatherealizedwhatItoldhimwastheonlypossiblewaytodealwiththeproblem.注意事項(xiàng)：1．如果由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，不可用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。Heaskedmewhoitwasthattookhispencilboxbymistake.2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的反義疑問(wèn)句式。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，其反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)及助動(dòng)詞必須與主句Itis/was...保持一致。ItisMarynotyouwhowantstotalkaboutthatmatter,isn’tit?3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)與定語(yǔ)從句的混合使用。在高考試題中，為了增加試題的難度，命題人常將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句混合起來(lái)，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜。我們要注意從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)分析句子，理清結(jié)構(gòu)。ItwasintheITcompanywhereweworkedthatIgottoknowmywife.4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的辨析。當(dāng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，去掉“itis/was”和“that”，原句仍然完整；而在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，若去掉“itis/was”和連詞“when/before”，原句不完整。Itwasat14:28thattheterribleearthquakeinWenchuanbrokeout.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Itwas14:28whentheterribleearthquakeinWenchuanbrokeout.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)省略句的核心考點(diǎn)1.狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略由when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,until,once,whether,unless,where等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be，而從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同或從句的主語(yǔ)為it時(shí)，則從句的主語(yǔ)或it和be可省略。

(Whenitwas)Seenfromtheplane,thehouselooksliketinytoys.When(Iam)introuble,Ialwaysturntomyclassmatesforhelp.If(itis)possible,I’llgotherewithyouimmediately.Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsif(itis)necessary.2．不定式的省略單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to代替不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常用在beafraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等詞后；或放在表情緒的詞后，代替被省略的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)詞有：glad,happy,pleased等；但是，如果不定式中含有be,have,havebeen時(shí)，則要保留be,have,havebeen?！猈illyoupleaselookaftermyflowerswhenI’monbusiness?—I’dliketo.

—Areyouateachernow?—No.ButIwillbefouryearslater.Yourhomeworkhasn’tbeenhandedin,butitshouldhavebeen.3.常考的幾個(gè)省略形式ifever,ifany,ifso,ifnecessary,ifnotbetter/worse/taller...than等。If(itis)possible/necessary,thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.If(thatis)so,Iwillcallyoubackat5:00pm.Thereareonlyafewbooksinourschoollibrary,if(thereare)any.4.并列句中的省略并列句中的兩個(gè)對(duì)等句里的動(dòng)詞相同時(shí)，后者的動(dòng)詞可以省略。HewillgotoauniversityinBeijing,buthisbrother(will)inNanjing.Iliveonthethirdfloorandhe,onthefifteenth.其他句式的核心考點(diǎn)1．感嘆句感嘆句常用來(lái)表示驚嘆、贊美、喜悅等語(yǔ)氣。常見(jiàn)句型：(1)What＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)?。紿ow＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！Whatastrangeplant(＝Howstrangeaplant)!I’veneverseenitbefore.

這種植物真奇怪！我以前從未見(jiàn)過(guò)。Howbeautifulagirlsheis!(＝Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!)Sheisveryhard-working!

她是多么漂亮的一個(gè)女孩呀！她很勤奮！(2)What＋(形容詞)＋不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.

這個(gè)驚人的消息使我意識(shí)到我們將面臨多么嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他們是多么好的孩子??！(3)How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！

Howwellsheplaystheinstruments!

她演奏那樂(lè)器多么好呀！

Howbeautifulthecityisintheevening.

這個(gè)城市的夜景多漂亮呀。(4)How＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！Howtimeflies!TheNewYeariscoming!

時(shí)間過(guò)得真快！新年快來(lái)了。2.祈使句祈使句常用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告、勸告等。祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般是第二人稱you，但往往省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在動(dòng)詞原形前加don’t，也可用副詞never構(gòu)成。祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常見(jiàn)句型：(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句“如果……就……”(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句“……否則……”(3)名詞詞組(多含有more,another)＋and＋陳述句“如果再……就……”O(jiān)nemoreday,andI’llwaterallthenewly-plantedtrees.

再多給我一天，我就會(huì)給所有新栽的樹(shù)澆水。寫作中特殊句式易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦

在寫作中學(xué)生可以適當(dāng)使用某些特殊句式，提高表達(dá)的層次，增強(qiáng)交際效果。但是學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中主要存在以下問(wèn)題：1.主謂不一致

Yourfriendandneighborhasagreedtoattendthemeeting.

Yourfriendandneighborhaveagreedtoattendthemeeting.

Manyateacherhassacrificedhislifeforthethreefeetplatform.

Manyateacherhavesacrificedtheirlivesforthethreefeetplatform.(正)(正)(誤)(誤)Mr.Zhang,togetherwithhisemployees,hasgonetowork.Mr.Zhang,togetherwithhisemployees,havegonetowork.Eachoftheboyshashisowndesksandtextbooks.Eachoftheboyshavetheirowndesksandtextbooks.Theblindarenotabletowalkwithoutsticks.Theblindisnotabletowalkwithoutsticks.Threehoursisenoughforustofinishthetask.Threehoursareenoughforustofinishthetask.(正)(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(誤)2.缺乏運(yùn)用意識(shí)有些學(xué)生在語(yǔ)言輸出時(shí)，經(jīng)常用正常語(yǔ)序的簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句等，而缺乏運(yùn)用特殊句式的意識(shí)。(簡(jiǎn)單句堆積)IamLiHua.IamchairmanoftheStudentUnion.IamfromXinhuaSeniorSchool.(同位語(yǔ))IamLiHua,chairmanoftheStudentUnion,fromXinhuaSeniorSchool.(一般表達(dá))Ididn’trealizeituntiltheteachertoldustheimprtanceoflearningEnglish.(倒裝句)NotuntiltheteachertoldustheimprtanceoflearningEnglishdidIrealizeit.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)ItwasnotuntiltheteachertoldustheimprtanceoflearningEnglishthatIrealizedit.3.運(yùn)用中出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤Onlyworkdiligentlycanyougethighgrades.Onlybyworkingdiligentlycanyougethighgrades.Therehavesomeseriousproblemsexisttosettle.Thereexistsomeseriousproblemstosettle.Onlyafterhetoldusthenewsknewweaboutit.Onlyafterhetoldusthenewsdidweknowaboutit.ItwasonFridaywhenIgotbackhomefromtheworkingsite.ItwasonFridaythatIgotbackhomefromtheworkingsite.ItwasFridaywhenIgotbackhomefromtheworkingsite.(正)(誤)(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(誤)(正)(正)考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)題組一主謂一致集訓(xùn)單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansociety______(need)toalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.2.

Gettingtootherplanetsortothemoon_________

(involve)manyproblems.3.

Inthatcountry,therich________(become)richerthen,thepoor,poorer.4.

Earlytobedandearlytorise______(make)amanhealthy,happyandwise.5.

Notoneinonehundredchildrenexposedtothedisease______(be)likelytodevelopit.needsinvolvesbecameismakes題組二倒裝句集訓(xùn)單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Nosooner_____(have)wegottothestationthanthetrainleft.2.OnlyafterIreadthetextoveragain_____(do)Iknowitsmainidea.3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____(do)thevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.4.Presentatthepartylastnight______(be)Mr.Greenandmanyotherguests.5._____hecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.haddiddidwereHad題組三強(qiáng)調(diào)句集訓(xùn)單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Does_____matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?2.Itwasnotuntilshehadarrivedhome____sherememberedherappointmentwithTom.3.It_____(be)JennyandIwhocametotheweddingpartytheotherday.4.Totellyouthetruth,Tom_____(do)takemypenbymistakeyesterday,buthehassaidsorrytome.5.—Whywasit_____youweresoangry?—Becausewefailedtotakepartinthebasketballmatch.itthat

wasdidthat

題組四省略句集訓(xùn)單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Tomwantedtoplayfootballwithhisfriendsinthestreet,buthisfathertoldhimnot_____.2.Fatheradvisedmenottosayanythinguntil_______(ask).3.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_______(see)whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.4.—Whatdoyouthinkmadethegirlsoglad?—___________(receive)abeautifulnecklace.5.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen__________(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.toaskedtoseeReceivingcomparedⅡ.語(yǔ)法填空(特殊句式專練一)Ourschoollibrary,alongwithmanyotherbuildings,isverydifferentfromotherschools’.There_____(be)twocomputerrooms,threeartrooms,ameetingroomandareadingroominthelibrarybuilding.Thenumberofthebooks_____(be)large.Itwas2,000,000dollars_____allthebookscostourschool.Itissuchalarge