云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷帶答案解析

第第頁云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(帶答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級：___________姓名：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解Whetheryouareabeginner，middle-leveloradvancedleaner，wehaveacoursetofityourneeds.Weoffermorethan50coursesandbestofall，youdon'thavetoleaveyourhome！Therearenoscheduledcoursetimesinouronlineclassrooms.Ourself-paced，onlineclassesareopenthewholeday.Thiscourseteachesyouthebasicsthatyouneedtoknowandgivesyoutheskillyouneedtostartcreatingyourwrittenworksofart.You'lllearnaboutwritingnovels,poemsandevenplays.Itdoesn'tmatterifyou'realreadywritingorifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutitsoyoucanstart.CourseNumber:9770561CourseType:BasicInstructor:DanaKristianThiscourseprovidesyouwiththetoolsandinformationyouneedtoimprovenotonlythespeedwhenyouread,butyourunderstandingandfocusaswell.Speedreadingwillalsoprovideyouwithusefultoolsthatyoucanusewhenyouhavetroubleinreading.CourseNumber:7550418CourseType:Middle-levelInstructor:StephanieValThiscourseisaboutbothvocabularyandlanguage.Over900frequentlyusedEnglishvocabularywordsaretaughtandeachlessonisbrokendowntoincludebasicEnglishlanguageideastoimprovepropersentencedevelopment.Allissupportedbyseveralexamplesandexercises.CourseNumber:8900182CourseType:BasicInstructor:CarolSmithThiscoursewillprovideyouwithareviewofthegrammarandwritingskillsnecessarywhenyoutakeanyhighschoolorcollegetest,orwithyoureverydaywritingandcommunicationinyourwork.CourseNumber:7550403CourseType:PublicEducationInstructor:HenryBrown1．Howlongdoesthemiddle-levelcourselast？A．7hours. B．10hours.C．14hours. D．15hours.2．WhocanhelpyouimproveyourspokenEnglish？A．DanaKristian. B．StephanieVal.C．CarolSmith. D．HenryBrown.3．Whichcourseisforthestudentstakingacollegeexam？A．CreativeWritingforBeginners. B．SpeedReading101.C．BasicEnglishSpeakingSkills. D．ABCsofEnglishGrammar.Whenshewas2yearsold,Blosberg’sdadwasdiagnosedwithaseriousillnessthatdisruptsthecentralnervoussystem—MS.But13yearslater,hereyesstartedmovingaroundrapidlyanduncontrollablyandherskinbecameextremelysensitive.Thesymptomsshewasexperiencingfelt“familiar”becausetheyreallylookedalotlikethethingsthatherdadwasexperiencing.AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem,”shesays.BlosbergthendecidedtocreateaFacebookpageforyoungpeoplewithMSandobtainedthehelpoftheNationalMSSociety.“Ifyoufindanyoneelseyoung,letmeknow,”Blosbergrecallssayingtotheorganization.“Iwanttotalktothem.Iwantthemtoknowthatthey’renotalone.”MSisoftenconsidered“anadultillness”.Blosberg’sFacebookpagewasherwayofbringingyoungpeoplewithMStogether.Butshedecidedtotakethingsonestepfurtherbyfoundinganonprofit,theMSMonkey,whichsupportschildrenandteenagerswhohavebeendiagnosedwiththeillness.Throughitall,Blosbergsaysherentirefamilyhasbeenproudofher—especiallyherfather.“Heknowswhatit’sliketolivewithMS,”sheshares.“He’smyrolemodel,though.IgrewupwatchinghimlivewithMSandnotlettingMSgetintheway.”4．WhatcanweknowaboutBlosberg?A．Shehaddifficultyinherstudy. B．Shewasdiagnosedwithanillness.C．Shehelpedherdadoutoftrouble. D．Shefollowedhisfather’sdream.5．WhydidBlosbergcreateaFacebookpage?A．ToadvertisetheNationalMSSociety. B．TorecordherexperiencetofightagainstMS.C．Tocallformorevolunteerslikerherfather. D．ToconnectmoreyoungpeoplewithMS.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBlosberg?A．Warm-heartedandstrong-willed. B．Open-mindedandgenerous.C．Outgoingandhumorous. D．Determinedandenergetic.7．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Mydad,myrolemodel B．AcommonillnessC．Noonehastofightalone D．AcharityfortreatingMSHumansevolvedfromapes.Thisiswhatwelearnedinbiologyclass.Butwhatcamebeforeapes?Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.AccordingtofourarticlespublishedinthejournalNatureinlateSeptember,Chineseresearchersfoundfishfossilsthatprovidethe“missinglink”abouttheoriginofthejaw(下頜),akeytraitthat99.8percentofvertebratespecies(脊椎動物)have.ZhuMin,aleadresearcherofthestudiesfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,toldChinaDailythatthefindingsdrewalargeamountofinterestinthescienceworldduetotheimportanceofjawsinanimalevolution.However,theriseofthejawhadbeenamysteryduetoalackofsufficientfossilevidencetosupportthatjawedvertebrateslived450millionyearsago.ThelatestfindingsmadebyZhu’steampresentedasetoffivesurprisinglywell-preservedfishfossilsthatincludedthreewhole-bodiedfish,helpingscientistspaintamoreaccurateevolutionarypictureoftheoriginofthejaw.ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChongqingandGuizhou,whosestrata(地層)datebacktotheSilurianPeriod(志留紀)thatbeganaround440millionyearsago.Thesefossilsshowthatjawedfishwerealreadythrivingintheworld’sancientoceansatthattime.Lateron,morediverseandlargerjawedfishevolvedandbegantospreadaroundtheworld,pavingthewayforsomefishtoeventuallygoonlandandevolveintootheranimals—includinghumans.“Thesefossilsprovideanunprecedentedopportunitytopeekintothe‘dawnoffish’andhelpscientiststracemanyhumanbodystructuresbacktotheseancientfish,thusfillingsomekeygapsintheevolutionaryhistoryofhowfishevolvedintohumans,”Zhusaid.8．Whatisthesignificanceofthenewlydiscoveredfossils?A．Theygavenewcluestotheoriginsoffish.B．Theyprovidednewevidenceonhumanevolution.C．Theyareanewlydiscoveredspeciesofjawedfish.D．Theydefinedthetimevertebratespeciesappeared.9．WhatcanwelearnaboutthefishfossilsfoundbyZhu’steam?A．TheywerediscoveredinChongqing.B．Theyincludefivewhole-bodiedancientfish.C．TheycanbetracedbacktotheSilurianPeriod.D．Theyprovedfishweretheearliestvertebratespecies.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thriving”probablymeaninthesecond-to-lastparagraph?A．Booming. B．Surviving. C．Arriving. D．Depriving.11．Whatisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelbrochure.B．Newspaper.C．Abiologytextbook.D．Abiography.You’velikelynoticedthembynow.Schoolbusesarebackonthestreetpackedwithstudents.Manyofthosekidsstepoffthebuseswithapotentialhealthdangerovertheirshoulder—abackpackfilledwithhomework.Backpackscomeinallshapes,sizesandcolors.Itisafunwayforanygirlorboytoexpresstheirstyles.Somearesimple,somecoveredwithcartooncharacters,manyequippedwithspecialcompartmentsforeverytoolastudentneeds,likepencils,notebooksandbooks.Yes,theyarepractical,butaheavybackpackcaninjuremusclesandjoints.Wearingabackpackincorrectlycanleadtosevereback,neckandshoulderpain,aswellaspostureproblems.Whenabackpackfilledwithbooksisplacedonaboyorgirl’sshouldersincorrectly,theforceoftheweightcanpullthechildbackward,sothechildmaybendtheirhipsforwardorarchtheirback.Payattentiontodetailwhenselectingabackpack;chooseonethatisequippedwithacomfortableback,waistandwideshoulderstraps.Narrowstrapscandigintoachild’sshouldersandaffectcirculationandnerves.Theheavyloaddangerisnotjustforkids12andunder.Middleandhighschoolareatrisk,too.Theyarecarryingheavierbookshomedaily.Luckily,backpaincreatedbybackpacksispreventable.Parentsshouldtalktotheirkidsaboutlighteningtheload.Youcanevenuseabathroomscale.Thebackpackshouldnotweighmorethan10percentto15percentofyourchild’sweight.Ifyourchildweighs80pounds,thepackshouldnotweighmorethan8to12pounds.Ifyourchildweighs140pounds,thepackshouldnotbeheavierthan21pounds.Mostimportantly,ifyourchildtalksaboutnumbnessorweaknessinthearmsorlegs,contactaphysician.12．Whatdostudents’backpacksreflectaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Theirhobbies. B．Theirstyles.C．Theircharacters. D．Theirneeds.13．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Students’heavyloads. B．Wearingbackpacksincorrectly.C．Dangersofheavybackpacks. D．Weightofheavybackpacks.14．Whichbackpackismoresuitableforachildweighing100pounds?A．Withwideshoulderstrapsweighingabout10pounds.B．Withnarrowshoulderstrapsweighing16pounds.C．Withwideshoulderstrapsweighing20pounds.D．Withnarrowshoulderstrapsweighing15pounds.15．Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A．Children. B．Doctors.C．Teachers. D．Parents.二、七選五HowtosticktoyourmoneydietEvenafteryou’vesetyourmindtospendingless,it’seasytogiveintoanimpulsebuy.16.Planforsometreats17，themoreyou’relikelytolongforit,andthengiveinandsplashout.(大肆揮霍)Andoftenthesetreatscanbecostly.TakeawaythetemptationSomeofourfavouritetreatsaretheonesthatrequirelittleeffort—atakeawayistheperfectexample.Allyouneedtodoisopenyourcomputer,tapafewbuttonsandinanhourorsofoodhasarrived.Butthesearesoexpensive.18.Youcanprepareforthoselazyeveningsbybatch-cookinginadvanceandfreezingtheleftovers.19Ifyouknowthepingofyourfavouritebrand’snewsletterappearinginyourinboxcouldmakeyouheadtotheirwebsite,andtheninalllikelihoodbuysomething,thenthere’saverysimplesolution:unsubscribe.Removeasmanyofthesemessagesfromyouremailandsocialmediaasyoucan.TakealistWhateveryou’rebuying,butespeciallyatthesupermarket,it’llreallyhelpyouavoidextrapurchasesbytakingalistofwhatyouactuallyneedtobuy.Ifit’snotwrittendown,20.A．PayattentiontoemailsandsocialmediaB．Thelessyouhaveofsomething,C．Andforthetimesyouforgettodothis.D．IgnoreemailsandsocialmediaE．Hereareourpracticaltipsonstickingtoyourbudget.F．thenyoudon’tbuyit.G．Yettheoppositeofthisisn’tnecessarilycookingfromscratch.三、完形填空Everyonewantsablueribbon.Blue.Firstplace.Thebest.

However,

Iwas21ablue-ribbonpersoninsports.Onespringweekendourclasshadafieldtriptoapark.Afterlunch,ourteacher22theideaofhavingathree-leggedrace.Alittleboygotmefora23.Thisboywasthesecondmost24boyinourclass.

I’msureheknewhewasintroublethesecondtheytiedhis25tomine.Thisguywasawinner.

ButIknewthat,withme,hedidn’thavea26.Thegunsounded,andwewereofftotheotherside.27whenweturnedaroundandheadedbackforhome,

wewereinthelead!Thenonlyfeetfromthefinishline,

I

28andfell.Badluck!Wewerecloseenoughthatmypartnercouldhaveeasily29meacrossthefinishlineandwon.Hecouldhave,

buthedidn’t.

Instead,

he30,reacheddown,

andhelpedmeup,justastheothercouplecrossedthefinishline.

Istillrememberthatmoment,

andIstillhavethatlittleredribbon.Whenwegrewup,

Ibecamealecturer.Igavea31tomyaudience.Itoldthemaboutthatlittleboywhohadmadeasplit-seconddecisionthat32afriendupwasmoreimportantthanwinningablueribbon.ItoldthemwhyI’vekeptthatribbon.Tome,thatribbonisa33thatyoudon’thavetobeawinnertothoseclosesttoyou.Theworldmayseeyouasafailureorasuccess,butthose

34toyouwillknowthetruth.That’simportanttorememberaswe

35

throughthislife.21．A．a(chǎn)lways B．usually C．never D．merely22．A．heldback B．leftbehind C．cameacross D．campupwith23．A．partner B．coach C．leader D．guide24．A．a(chǎn)mazing B．a(chǎn)thletic C．excited D．nervous25．A．a(chǎn)rm B．hand C．elbow D．foot26．A．chance B．sense C．call D．message27．A．UnfortunatelyB．Unbelievably C．ObviouslymmD．Inconveniently28．A．parked B．froze C．examined D．tripped29．A．dragged B．protected C．removed D．a(chǎn)ttached30．A．escaped B．went C．stopped D．jumped31．A．memory B．speech C．introduction D．certificate32．A．replacing B．a(chǎn)ssisting C．touching D．checking33．A．puzzle B．gift C．lecturer D．reminder34．A．closest B．safest C．farthest D．nicest35．A．leave B．a(chǎn)dmire C．travel D．run四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withthewidespread(傳播)oftheInternet,ourlifeisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenient.Moreover,somepeople'slives

havebeen36(change)byonlinecommunitiesandsocialnetwork.JanTchamaniwasanEnglishteacherinBirmingham,UK.37(unfortunate),shewas

outofworkduetohersuddenillness.Stuckathome,shefeltlonelyandwasnotinterested38anything.Thanks

totheInternet,shejoinedanonlinecommunity,whereshe39(get)supportandadvicebysharingherproblems.40(inspire)bythepeopleshemetonline,shestarted41ITclubtoteacholder

peoplehowtosurftheInternet.Manypeoplebenefitedfromtheclub,ofwhomamanaged59learnttoapplyforworkonlineandfoundagreatjob.Theclubhelpedanoldwomanwhowaslivingalonesetupasmallonlinecompanysuccessfully.Inspiteofherachievements,shecontinuestolearnmoreabouthowtousetheInternet.Sheholdsastrong42(believe)thateveryoneshouldhaveaccesstotheInternetandthat

43ishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivide.“Whenyougothroughtoughtimes,youmeetothers44arefacingsimilarchallenges,”Jansays.“45(think)aboutotherpeople'ssituationsinspiredmetoofferhelp.”O(jiān)thers'liveshavebeenchanged,andsohasherlife.五、短文改錯46．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（?），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。IhaveagoodfriendwhonameisZhangJuan.Sheisourmonitorandoneoftheexcellentstudentinourclass.Thoughsheisclever,butshestudiesveryhard.Wehavealotoncommonandhavealottotalkabout.Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.Shewasdoinghishomeworkwhenshesmeltsomethingburning.Shestoppedtolookoutofthewindowandfindacloudofsmokecomingoutofherneighbor’shouse.Shecalled119immediately.Tenminuteslate,thefiremencameandputoutfire.Theywereverythankfullyforherhelp.六、推薦信47．假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Tom將參加以“我最喜歡的中國體育明星”為主題的英語演講比賽。他想要你推薦一位中國體育明星。請你給他寫封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦的人選；2.推薦的理由；3.表達你的祝福。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．A2．C3．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了四種語言學(xué)習(xí)課程。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseNumber:7550418部分中圖片可知，中級課程有七個小時，故選A。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseNumber:8900182部分中Thiscourseisaboutbothvocabularyandlanguage.Over900frequentlyusedEnglishvocabularywordsaretaughtandeachlessonisbrokendowntoincludebasicEnglishlanguageideastoimprovepropersentencedevelopment.Allissupportedbyseveralexamplesandexercises.（這門課是關(guān)于詞匯和語言的。本課程共教授900多個常用英語詞匯，每節(jié)課都進行了分類，包括基本的英語語言理念，以改善造句。所有這些都得到了幾個例子和練習(xí)的支持。）可知CarolSmith能幫助你提高英語口語。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseNumber:7550403部分中Thiscoursewillprovideyouwithareviewofthegrammarandwritingskillsnecessarywhenyoutakeanyhighschoolorcollegetest,orwithyoureverydaywritingandcommunicationinyourwork.（這門課程將為你提供一個語法和寫作技巧的復(fù)習(xí)，當你參加任何高中或大學(xué)考試時，或者在你的日常寫作和工作交流中都是必要的。）可知ABCsofEnglishGrammar是為參加大學(xué)考試的學(xué)生開設(shè)的。故選D。4．B5．D6．A7．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Blosberg和父親一樣，患上了多發(fā)性硬化癥，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。于是她創(chuàng)建Facebook頁面，后來還創(chuàng)建了非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.(在2011年，布洛斯伯格被正式診斷為多發(fā)性硬化癥后，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情)”可知，Blosberg被診斷出生病了。故選B。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem(我知道一定還有其他的孩子，我想和他們交流)”以及““Ifyoufindanyoneelseyoung,letmeknow,”Blosbergrecallssayingtotheorganization.“Iwanttotalktothem.Iwantthemtoknowthatthey’renotalone.”(“如果你找到其他年輕人，請告訴我，”Blosberg回憶當時對該組織說的。“我想和他們談?wù)?。我想讓他們知道，他們并不孤單。?”可知，Blosberg要創(chuàng)建一個Facebook頁面是為了將更多的年輕人與多發(fā)性硬化癥聯(lián)系起來。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Blosberg’sFacebookpagewasherwayofbringingyoungpeoplewithMStogether.Butshedecidedtotakethingsonestepfurtherbyfoundinganonprofit,theMSMonkey,whichsupportschildrenandteenagerswhohavebeendiagnosedwiththeillness.(Blosberg的Facebook主頁是她將MS的年輕人聚集在一起的方式。但她決定更進一步，成立一個非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助)”可推知，Blosberg熱心且意志堅強。故選A。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“AfterBlosbergwasofficiallydiagnosedwithMSin2011,sherealizedsheneededtoconnectwithotherteenagerswhohadMSandtrulyunderstoodwhatshewasgoingthrough.“Iknewtherehadtobeotherkidsoutthere,andIwantedtoconnectwiththem,”shesays.(在2011年，Blosberg被正式診斷為多發(fā)性硬化癥后，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。她說：“我知道一定還有其他的孩子，我想和他們交流?！?”結(jié)合文章主要講述了Blosberg和父親一樣，患上了多發(fā)性硬化癥，她意識到她需要與其他患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的青少年交流，真正理解她正在經(jīng)歷的事情。于是她設(shè)立Facebook頁面，后來還創(chuàng)建了非營利組織MSMonkey，為被診斷患有這種疾病的兒童和青少年提供幫助?？芍珻選項“沒有人需要獨自戰(zhàn)斗”最符合文章標題。故選C。8．B9．C10．A11．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的魚類化石為人類進化提供了新的證據(jù)。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Chinesescientistshavediscoveredfossilsthatcouldenrichtheevolutionarystoryofhowhumansevolvedfromfish.”（中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石可以豐富人類是如何從魚類進化而來的進化故事。）可知，中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石可以豐富人類的進化故事，為人類進化提供了新的證據(jù)，由此可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的化石為人類進化提供了新的證據(jù)。故選B項。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“ThefishfossilswerediscoveredattwositesinChongqingandGuizhou,whosestrata(地層)datebacktotheSilurianPeriod(志留紀)thatbeganaround440millionyearsago.”（這些魚類化石是在重慶和貴州的兩個地點發(fā)現(xiàn)的，它們的地層可以追溯到大約4.4億年前的志留紀。）可知，朱的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)的魚類化石可以追溯到大約4.4億年前的志留紀，由此可知，朱的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)的魚類化石可以追溯到志留紀。故選C項。10．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞后句“Lateron,morediverseandlargerjawedfishevolvedandbegantospreadaroundtheworld,pavingthewayforsomefishtoeventuallygoonlandandevolveintootheranimals—includinghumans.”（后來，更多樣、更大的有頜魚類進化并開始在世界各地傳播，為一些魚類最終登陸并進化成包括人類在內(nèi)的其他動物鋪平了道路。）可知，有頜魚類得到了進化并開始在世界各地傳播，由此可知，當時有頜魚已經(jīng)在世界古代海洋中蓬勃發(fā)展了，“Booming”意為“蓬勃發(fā)展”，能夠表達畫線單詞在句中所要表達的意思。故選A項。11．推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段內(nèi)容“AccordingtofourarticlespublishedinthejournalNatureinlateSeptember,Chineseresearchersfoundfishfossilsthatprovidethe“missinglink”abouttheoriginofthejaw(下頜),akeytraitthat99.8percentofvertebratespecies(脊椎動物)have.”（根據(jù)9月底發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的四篇文章，中國研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了魚類化石，這些化石為下頜的起源提供了“缺失的一環(huán)”，99.8%的脊椎動物都具有這一關(guān)鍵特征。）可知，本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了中國研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了魚類化石這一新聞，由此可知，文章可能取自一份報紙。故選B項。12．B13．C14．A15．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學(xué)生背包的功能，重點介紹了背包過重對學(xué)生身體健康的影響以及何種重量的背包對學(xué)生是合適的。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段中的“Backpackscomeinallshapes,sizesandcolors.Itisafunwayforanygirlorboytoexpresstheirstyles”可知，背包各式各樣。背包可用于表達孩子們的風(fēng)格。故選B項。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第3段中的“Yes,theyarepractical,butaheavybackpackcaninjuremusclesandjoints”可知，盡管背包很實用，但過重的背包也會傷到肌肉和關(guān)節(jié)。故選C項。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第3段中的“Payattentiontodetailwhenselectingabackpack;chooseonethatisequippedwithacomfortableback,waistandwideshoulderstraps”和最后一段的“Thebackpackshouldnotweighmorethan10percentto15percentofyourchild’sweight”可知，背包的肩帶必需是寬的且重量不能超過孩子體重的10%倒15%。故選A項。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Parentsshouldtalktotheirkidsaboutlighteningtheload”可知，父母要與孩子們談?wù)摗皽p負”。故選D項。16．E17．B18．G19．D20．F【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法防止自己亂用錢。16．根據(jù)上文“Evenafteryou’vesetyourmindtospendingless,it’seasytogiveintoanimpulsebuy.(即使你下定決心要少花錢，也很容易沖動消費。)”以及下文開始介紹一些方法幫助自己不亂花錢，可以推斷出空處內(nèi)容需要引出下文內(nèi)容。選項E“Hereareourpracticaltipsonstickingtoyourbudget.(下面是一些實用建議以幫助我們不超過預(yù)算。)”承上啟下，引出下文節(jié)約用錢的建議。故選E。17．根據(jù)空后的逗號以及下文“themoreyou’relikelytolongforit,andthengiveinandsplashout.(你越想買它，就越可能放棄，然后揮霍掉。)”可知，空處應(yīng)為“the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，與下文構(gòu)成固定搭配：the+比較級；the+比較級（越……越……）。選項B“Thelessyouhaveofsomething,(你擁有的東西越少)”形式和內(nèi)容都與下文一致。故選B。18．根據(jù)下文“Youcanprepareforthoselazyeveningsbybatch-cookinginadvanceandfreezingtheleftovers.(你可以為那些慵懶的夜晚做好準備，提前批量烹飪并冷凍剩菜。)”可知，可以提前為不想做飯的時候做準備。選項G“Yettheoppositeofthisisn’tnecessarilycookingfromscratch.(然而，與之相反的并不一定是從頭開始烹飪。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選G。19．空處為小標題，下文“Ifyouknowthepingofyourfavouritebrand’snewsletterappearinginyourinboxcouldmakeyouheadtotheirwebsite,andtheninalllikelihoodbuysomething,thenthere’saverysimplesolution:unsubscribe.(如果你知道你最喜歡的品牌的通訊出現(xiàn)在你的收件箱里，你就會前往他們的網(wǎng)站，然后很可能購買一些東西，那么有一個非常簡單的解決方案：取消訂閱。)”以及“Removeasmanyofthesemessagesfromyouremailandsocialmediaasyoucan.(盡可能多地從你的電子郵件和社交媒體上刪除這些信息)”可知，作者建議不要理會這些郵件和社交媒體的信息。選項D“Ignoreemailsandsocialmedia(忽略電子郵件和社交媒體)”符合本段段意。故選D。20．根據(jù)空前的逗號可知，所選選項首字母無需大寫，符合要求的只有選項F“thenyoudon’tbuyit.(那你就不買。)”，從內(nèi)容上也和上文“Ifit’snotwrittendown,(如果沒有寫下來，)”保持一致，即要購買真正需要東西。故選F。21．C22．D23．A24．B25．D26．A27．B28．D29．A30．C31．B32．B33．D34．A35．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在三條腿比賽中摔倒了，搭檔選擇停下來幫助作者，讓作者感悟到你不必成為最親近的人的贏家。這個世界可能認為你是一個失敗者或成功者，但那些與你最親近的人會知道真相。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在體育方面，我從來不是一個藍絲帶（最好的）人。A.always總是；B.usually通常；C.never從不；D.merely僅僅。根據(jù)however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明作者在體育方面，從來不是一個藍絲帶（最好的）人。故選C。22．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：午餐后，我們的老師想出了一個三條腿比賽的主意。A.heldback阻止；B.leftbehind留下；C.cameacross偶然遇到；D.cameupwith想出。根據(jù)后文“theideaofhavingathree-leggedrace”指想出三條腿比賽的主意，故選D。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個小男孩成為了我的搭檔。A.partner搭檔；B.coach教練；C.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.guide導(dǎo)游。根據(jù)上文可知是比賽，所以男孩是作者的搭檔。故選A。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個男孩是我們班第二最擅長運動的。A.amazing令人驚訝的；B.athletic運動的；C.excited興奮的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)后文“Thisguywasawinner.”可知，這個男孩是班上第二最擅長運動的。故選B。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信他知道他們把他的腳和我的綁在一起的那一刻就陷入了困境。A.arm手臂；B.hand手；C.elbow肘；D.foot腳。根據(jù)上文“athree-leggedrace”可知要把腳綁在一起比賽，故選D。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我知道，和我在一起，他沒有機會。A.chance機會；B.sense意識；C.call電話；D.message信息。根據(jù)上文“ButIknewthat,withme,hedidn’thavea”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明和作者在一起，男孩不可能贏。故選A。27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令人難以置信的是，當我們轉(zhuǎn)回來時，我們領(lǐng)先了！A.Unfortunately不幸的是；B.Unbelievably難以置信地；C.Obviously顯然地；D.Inconveniently不方便地。根據(jù)后文“wewereinthelead!”可知，作者對于自己隊伍領(lǐng)先感到難以置信。故選B。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：離終點只有幾英尺時，我絆倒了。A.parked停車；B.froze凍結(jié)；C.examined檢查；D.tripped絆倒。根據(jù)后文“andfell”可知，作者絆倒了。故選D。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們離得足夠近，我的搭檔本可以輕松地把我拖過終點線并獲勝。A.dragged拖；B.protected保護；C.removed移除；D.attached附加。根據(jù)后文“meacrossthefinishlineandwon”指把作者拖過終點線獲勝，故選A。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他停下來，伸手幫我起來，就在另一對跨過終點線的時候。A.escaped逃走；B.went離開；C.stopped停止；D.jumped跳躍。根據(jù)后文“reacheddown,andhelpedmeup”可知，男孩停了下來幫助作者站起來，故選C。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我給聽眾做了一個演講。A.memory記憶；B.speech演講；C.introduction介紹；D.certificate證書。根據(jù)上文“Ibecamealecturer”指作者做演講，故選B。32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴他們關(guān)于那個小男孩如何在一瞬間做出決定，幫助朋友比贏得藍絲帶更重要。A.replacing替換；B.assisting幫助；C.touching觸摸；D.checking檢查。呼應(yīng)上文“andhelpedmeup”指幫助朋友站起來，故選B。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，那個絲帶是一個提醒，讓那些最親近的人知道你不一定要是個贏家。A.puzzle謎；B.gift禮物；C.lecturer講師；D.reminder提醒。根據(jù)后文“thatyoudon’thavetobeawinnertothoseclosesttoyou”可知，絲帶成了作者的提醒物，故選D。34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：世界可能把你看作是失敗者或成功者，但那些最親近你的人會知道真相。A.closest最親近的；B.safest最安全的；C.farthest最遠的；D.nicest最好的。呼應(yīng)上文“youdon’thavetobeawinnertothoseclosesttoyou”指那些親近你的人會知道真相，故選A。35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們度過這一生時，這一點很重要。A.leave離開；B.admire欣賞；C.travel旅行；D.run跑。根據(jù)后文“throughthislife”可知為短語travelthroughlife表示“度過一生”的意思。故選C。36．changed37．Unfortunately38．in39．got40．Inspired41．a(chǎn)n42．belief43．it44．who/that45．Thinking【分析】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了一名英語老師由于疾病失業(yè)后教老年人如何上網(wǎng)的故事。【詳解】1.考查過去分詞。句意：此外，在線社區(qū)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)改變了一些人的生活。觀察句子可知，主語為people‘slives，與change構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動，空處缺少過去分詞。故填changed。2.考查副詞。句意：不幸的是，她因生病而突然失業(yè)。根據(jù)“outofworkduetohersuddenillness”可以推測，Jan突然失業(yè)是不幸的，放在開頭，用逗號隔開，用副詞形式。故填Unfortunately。3.考查介詞。句意：她被困在家里，感到孤獨，對任何事都不感興趣。本題考查beinterestedin“對……感興趣的”。故填：in。4.考查一般過去時。句意：多虧了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，她加入了一個在線社區(qū)，在那里她通過分享自己的問題獲得了支持和建議?？仗幦鄙賥here引導(dǎo)的定語從句的謂語，根據(jù)主句的謂語joined可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時。故填got。5.考查非謂語動詞。句意：受到她在網(wǎng)上認識的人的啟發(fā)，她成立了一個IT俱樂部，教老年人如何上網(wǎng)?？仗幦鄙倬渥拥臓钫Z，邏輯主語she與inspire為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語。故填I(lǐng)nspired。6.考查冠詞。句意同上。此處ITclub第一次出現(xiàn)，為泛指，且IT首字母發(fā)音為元音音素，用an。故填：an。7.考查名詞。句意：她堅信每個人都該使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，彌合數(shù)字鴻溝非常重要?？仗幾鱤old的賓語，believe“相信”為動詞，對應(yīng)名詞為belief，冠詞a提示用單數(shù)。故填belief。8.考查代詞。句意同上?？仗幦鄙俅~it作形式主語，真正的主語為“tobridgethedigitaldivide”。故填it。9.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：“當你經(jīng)歷艱難時期時，你會遇到其他人也面臨著類似的挑戰(zhàn)，”Jan說。分析句子可知，句子為定語從句，先行詞為others，作定語從句主語，指代人，用who/that。故填：who/that。10.考查