英語選修7第一單元語法：動詞不定式課件

Unit1RevisetheInfinitive

livingwellUnit1RevisetheInfinitiveli1動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式。由“to+動詞原形”構成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構成不定式短語,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。不定式可以作主語、賓語、狀語、表語和定語，但不能單獨作謂語。動詞不定式動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式。由“to+動詞原形”構成,21.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補足語4.作定語5.作狀語6.作表語7.作獨立成分8.與疑問詞等連用1.作主語2.作賓語3.作賓語補足語4.作定語5.31.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.

It'sfoolishtodothatsortofthings.(主語)Itwouldbebetterforyoutogothere.2.Allyouhavetodoistofinishthejobquickly.WhatIwanttodoistohavearest.(表語)3.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.(賓語)Hefounditdifficulttogetupearly.4.Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth.Bettywasthefirstgirltocome.（定語）5.Sheaskedmetostayhere.（賓補）6.Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.（狀語）Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned.

1.Todothatsortofthingis4結(jié)構

:todo(否定)not/nevertodo二.

時態(tài)與語態(tài)不定式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

tohavebeendoing--------------------結(jié)構:todo二.時態(tài)與語態(tài)不定式todo5(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示與謂語的動作同時/幾乎/發(fā)生在它之后.)(在謂語動詞發(fā)生的同時,不定式的動作也正在進行)(完成式表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前)(4).We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.(完成進行式表示謂語動作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動作一直在進行而且可能之后也繼續(xù))(1).Theypretendednottosee6Martysays…2.Iusedtoclimbtrees,swimandplayfootball.3.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker.HaveALk

Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadaptto

mydisability.Martysays…2.Iusedtoclimb74.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknow

whatthefutureholds.5.Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogoto

schoolsomyeducationsuffered.6.Myambitionistoworkforafirm

thatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrowup.Martysays…4.Evenafterallthat,noone8Martysays…7.LastyearIinvented…andabigcompanyhasdecided

tobuyitfromme.8.Ialsohavetodoalotofwork,especiallyifIhavebeenawayforawhile.9.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.Martysays…7.LastyearIinve9DoyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird?DoyoubelieveIcanflylike10HowcanyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird?_______istobelieve.It’simpossibleforhumans_________________now.ToseetoflylikeabirdHowcanyoubelieveIcanfly11Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.1.主語單個不定式作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)若不定式太長,往往用it作形式主語,不定式置后.It’simpossibleforhumanstoflylikeabirdnow.Toseeistobelieve.1.主語單個不定12Myjob

to________________.Yourtask

to_____________.isis(2).不定式作表語protecttheworld.Myjobto___________13Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isisMyjobtohelpthepatie14Helikesto______________.(3)不定式作賓語playbasketballHelikesto______________.(3)15常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree,appear,ask,attempt；decide,demand,determine；expect,fail,get,hate,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,manage,plan,prepare,pretend,promise；refuse,seem,tend,threaten；want,wish等+todo。常接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：16Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdemandedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.think/consider/findit+adj.+todoIwanttogohome.think/consi17Mymother

askmeto____________

twohourseveryday.

(4).不定式作賓補playthepianoMymotheraskmeto___________18Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.引導不定式作賓補的動詞：warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等+sbtodosthTheteachertoldmetocleant19Ihavesomethingtosay,butmybrotherhasalotofhomework

todo,soIamlookingforsomeonetohelpme.(5).不定式作定語不定式作定語時，應放在被修飾詞的后面，而且放在其他后置定語之后。Ihavesomethingtosay,(5).不定20Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,則不定式中要有介詞.)請給我一支寫字的筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.(如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,請給我一支寫字的筆.Ple21Igotupearlyto______________.

Icamehereto___________.(6)不定式作狀語inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too….to.,catchthetrainIgotupearlyto_____________22Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.(1.)表示目的:toinordertosoasto6作狀語Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.Icameheretoseeyou.Hespokeloudly(soas/i23(2.)表示原因:不定式可以用在作表語的形容詞后作狀語,sorry,surprised,happy,glad,angry,right,wrong,,disappointed等。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.(2.)表示原因:eg:I’mglad/plea24so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+adj.+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todo

Hewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.(3.)結(jié)果狀語:注意:不定式往往表示與主觀愿望相反的結(jié)果。Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.so+adj./adv.+astodo…25Totellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.(7).獨立結(jié)構tobefrank,tobehonest,totellthetruthTotellthetruth,Iamnotha26Hedidn’tknow____________.(8).與疑問詞等連用whattosay(8).與疑問詞等連用whattosay27疑問詞who,which,when,how,what等與不定式連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當主語、表語、賓語等。Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.(賓語)他不知道說什么。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主語)如何解決這個問題很重要。Myquestioniswhentostart.(表語)我的問題是什么時候開始。疑問詞+不定式疑問詞who,which,when,how,what28注意：(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要省略該動詞.A:—Wouldyouliketogowithme?B:—I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe結(jié)構,be不可省.A:—Wouldyouliketobeateacher?B:—I’dliketobe.注意：(1).不定式中的動詞上文已出現(xiàn)過,下文要29exerciseexercise30Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.beingBDCMyteacherwasmade_____his314.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.HavingsleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Tosleep6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBDC4.TheEmperororderedthewond327.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made8.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudyBA7.---Howdoyoudealwiththe339.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforus___theworkaheadoftime.