高考英語復習-閱讀理解主旨大意題課件

1、細節(jié)理解題(questionsofdetails)2、詞義猜測題(wordsincontext)3、推理判斷題(questionsofinference)4、主旨歸納題(mainidea)ReadingComprehension4、主旨歸納題(mainidea)1、細節(jié)理解題(questionsofdetails)1Questionforms:1.主題類（1).Themainideaofthepassageis________.(2).Thepassageismainlyabout___________.(3).Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(4).Whichofthefollowingstatementcanbestsummarize/sumupthemainideaofthepassage?(5).What’sthemainpoint/mainidea/centralthoughtofthepassage?Questionforms:1.主題類（1).Thema2Questionforms:2.標題類

（1).Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe______.(2).Thetext(Passage)couldbeentitled__________.(3).Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?(4).Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?3.作者意圖類

(1).Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageis___.(2).Thepassageismeantto__________.(3).Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______.(4).Theauthor’spurposeistoshow_______.Questionforms:2.標題類（1).Theb3主旨大意Howdowegetthemainideafromaparagraphorpassage?主旨大意4查找主旨、標題時，注意最基本、最具有概括力的信息。1.Choosethemostgeneralword.

A)chemistB)physicistC)scientistD)biologist

2.Choosethemostgeneralsentence.

A)Thehotelofferscomplimentarycoffeefrom7to10a.m.daily.

B)TherearemanyreasonswhyguestsfeelathomeattheGloriettaBayInn.

C)Thecoin-operatedlaundryroomhasanironingboard.

D)ThereareanumberofextraservicesattheGloriettaBayInnincludingbaby-sitting.

查找主旨、標題時，注意最基本、最具有概括力的信息。1.Ch51Englishisclearlyaninternationallanguage.Itisspokenbypilotsandairportcontroloperatorsonalltheairwaysoftheworld.Over70percentoftheworld'sradioprogramsareinEnglish.Findthetopicsentence1Findthetopicsentence62.Letusconsiderhowvoicetrainingmaycontributetopersonalitydevelopmentandanimprovedsocialadjustment.Inthefirstplace,ithasbeenfairlywellestablishedthatindividualstendtobecomewhattheybelieveotherpeoplethinkthemtobe.Whenpeoplereactmorefavorablytowardusbecauseourvoicesconveytheimpressionthatwearefriendly,competent,andinteresting,thereisastrongtendencyforustodevelopthosequalitiesinourpersonality.Ifwearetreatedwithrespectbyothers,wesooncometohavemorerespectforourselves.Then,too,one‘sownconsciousnessofhavingapleasant,effectivevoiceofwhichhedoesnotneedtobeashamedcontributesmateriallytoafeelingofpoise（泰然自若）,self-confidence,andajustprideinhimself.Agoodvoice,likegoodclothescandomuchforanego（自我）thatotherwisemightbeinclinedtodroop（萎靡）.

Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis:

A)OurEgoB)TheReflectionofOurPersonality

C)HowtoAcquireaPleasantVoiceD)VoiceTraininginPersonalityDevelopment2.Letusconsiderhowvoicetr7Tip1:atthebeginning

主題句(Topicsentence)在段首:一個主題句常常是一個段落的開頭，其后的句子則是論證性細節(jié)。在議論文，科技文獻和新聞報道中多采用這種格式。Tip1:atthebeginning8

3.Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown(bythemselves).Stillotherslikeademocratic(民主的)

discussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcanbedevised(design)tosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.

94.Handshaking,thoughaEuropeanpractice,isnowoftenseeninbigcitiesofChina.ItissaidthatlonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmed(無武器的)handstoeachotherasasignofgoodwill.Astimewentonandtradeincitiesgrewrapidly,peopleincitiesbegantoclapeachother’shandstomakeadealortoreachanagreement.Thispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorleavingeachother.“Let’sshake(hands)onit”sometimesmeansagreementreached.

DotheEuropeansshakehandswherevertheygoandwithwhomevertheymeet?No.SometimestheChineseabroadreachouttheirhandstoooftentobepolite.Itisreallyveryimpolitetogiveyourhandwhentheotherparty,especiallywhenitisawoman,showslittleinterestinshakinghandswithyouandwhenthemeetingdoesnotmeananythingtohimorher.Evenif,forpoliteness,heholdsouthisunwillinghandinanswertoyouruninvitedhand,justtouchitslightly.Thereisgenerallyamisunderstanding(誤解)amongtheChinesethatwesternersareusuallyopenandstraightforward,whiletheChineseareratherreserved(保守的)inmanner.ButinfactsomepeopleinwesterncountriesaremorereservedthansomeChinesetoday.Soitisagoodideatoshakehandswithawesterneronlywhenheshowsinterestinfurtherrelationswithyou.67.Themainpurposeofthetextis______.

A.totellussomedifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest

B.toofferussomeimportantfactsabouthandshaking

C.tointroduceustosomedifferentcustomsintheWest

D.togiveussomeadvicebeforewetravelabroad

4.Handshaking,though10Tip2:attheend

主題句在段尾。作者先擺出事實依據(jù),層層推理論證,最后自然得出結(jié)論,即段落的主題。本段的中心思想在結(jié)尾句得到體現(xiàn),它是此段內(nèi)容的結(jié)論。

Tip2:attheend11

5.Wesurveyedlocalresidentsinthreeuniversitytownsthroughoutthestatetofindouttheiropinionsonthestudentsinthosetowns.Wequestionedoverthreethousandpeopleandfoundthatsinceourlastsurveythreeyearsago,attitudestowardsstudentshavechangedconsiderably.“Lazy”“scruffy”and“bad-mannered”washowmorethan40%ofthosequestioneddescribedstudents，upfrom22%inthelastsurvey.Thisyearonly25%consideredstudentstobe“polite”and“friendly”comparedwith39%threeyearsago.Overall,49%consideredstudentstobeapositivepartofthetowncomparedto58%lasttime.3.有些段落的主題句被安排在段落的中間sinceourlastsurveythreeyearsago,attitudestowardsstudentshavechangedconsiderably.5.Wesurveyedlocalresi12PassageD6.Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel,amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”.Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingitemsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSale(detail)(detail)(detail)Anexample(detail)effectsthetopicsentence

is

inthemiddleofthepassage.PassageD(detail)Anexampleeff13Tip3:atthemiddle主題句在段中。開段的句子作為引題，而主題則由隨之引出的句子來表達。為了闡明主題思想，在主題句后，仍有一些句子陳述細節(jié)。其層次為：引題--主題--解釋（細節(jié)）。Tip3:atthemiddle147.Goodmannersareimportantinallcountries,butwaysofexpressinggoodmannersaredifferentfromcountrytocountry.Americanseatwithknivesandforks;Japaneseeatwithchopsticks.Americanssay“Hi”whentheymeet;Japanesebow.ManyAmericanmenopendoorsforwomen;Japanesemendonot.Onthesurface在表面上

,itappearsthatgoodmannersinAmericaarenotgoodmannersinJapan,andinawaythisistrue.Butinanycountry,theonlymannersthatareimportantarethoseinvolvingoneperson’sbehaviortowardanotherperson.Inallcountriesitisgoodmannerstobehaveconsideratelytowardsothersandbadmannersnotto.Itisonlythewayofbehavingpolitelythatdiffersfromcountrytocountry.高考英語復習-閱讀理解主旨大意題ppt課件158.There’sasanoldSaying:“Acoward（懦夫）diesmanytimes;aherodiesbutonce.”Soitiswithnewspapers—theirdeathhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,buttheyarestillwithus.Butwilltheybewithusforever?Newspapershavesurvivedaslongastheyhavebecausetheycanbringanin-depthcoverageofissuesthatrequiretimeandconsideration.Readersgotonewspaperstolearnaboutcomplexissues.Reputablenewspapersbecomeopinionleadersintheireditorialandcommentarycolumns,quiteapartfromtheirabilitytoinvestigateissuesandbecomebreakersofimportantnews.However,thethreatoftheinternetislikelytoproveprofound.ManyyoungpeoplenowturntotheWebfornews.Howevermuchradioandtelevisionledtheattackonthenewspaperasanewssource,oneofitsmainsourcesofincome–advertisings–remainedintact（未受影響的）.NotonlydoestheWebtakereaders,italsotakesadvertising.ManynewspapermenseethethreatoftheWebasbeingofanewkind.Somepublicationswillgounder,butthosewhichservespecializedmarketsandwhicharecommerciallysolidwillsurvive.Thedeathofthenewspaperhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,butthenewspaperisstillwithusandislikelytoremainso.8.There’sasanoldSayi16

There’sasanoldSaying:“Acoward（懦夫）diesmanytimes;aherodiesbutonce.”Soitiswithnewspapers—theirdeathhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,buttheyarestillwithus.Butwilltheybewithusforever?Newspapershavesurvivedaslongastheyhavebecausetheycanbringanin-depthcoverageofissuesthatrequiretimeandconsideration.Readersgotonewspaperstolearnaboutcomplexissues.Reputablenewspapersbecomeopinionleadersintheireditorialandcommentarycolumns,quiteapartfromtheirabilitytoinvestigateissuesandbecomebreakersofimportantnews.However,thethreatoftheinternetislikelytoproveprofound.ManyyoungpeoplenowturntotheWebfornews.Howevermuchradioandtelevisionledtheattackonthenewspaperasanewssource,oneofitsmainsourcesofincome–advertisings–remainedintact（未受影響的）.NotonlydoestheWebtakereaders,italsotakesadvertising.ManynewspapermenseethethreatoftheWebasbeingofanewkind.Somepublicationswillgounder,butthosewhichservespecializedmarketsandwhicharecommerciallysolidwillsurvive.

Thedeathofthenewspaperhasbeenpredictedmanytimes,butthenewspaperisstillwithusandislikelytoremainso.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThenewspaperVStheWeb

B.Whydopeoplereadnewspaper?C.Whatdoyouliketoread?

D.Deathofthenewspaper?There’sasanoldSa17Tip4:atboththebeginningandtheendThisparagraphbeginswithatopicsentenceandendswitharestatementofthesametopicsentece在文章開頭和結(jié)尾:首尾呼應(yīng)，為突出主題,作者先提出主題,結(jié)尾時再次點出主題,這種首尾呼應(yīng)的寫作方式常用于記敘文，議論文，但前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復,后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味。Tip4:atboththebeginninga18Topicsentence¶graphotherinfo.otherinfo.Topicsentence¶graphTopicsentence¶graphotherinfo.info&exampleTopicsentence¶graphTopicsentence¶graphexample&otherinfoTopicsentence¶graphother19

Ifthereisnotopicsentenceinthepassage,whatshouldwedotogetthemainideaorchoosethebesttitle?Sometimesthereisnotopicsentenceinthepassage.Summarizethemainideainourownwordsandthenchoosethebesttitle.Ifthereisnotopicsen20Threemainsteps:

First,getthemainideaofeachparagraph.

Second,summarizethemainideainourownwords,accordingtothestructureofthepassage.

Third,compareitwiththechoicestoseewhichoneisthebest.Threemainsteps:First,21

9.TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

partialdetailsA.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.Tip5:Nospecifictopicsentence,soreadersshouldsummarizefromallthedetails.從段落中歸納要點抓大意.有些文章無明確的主題句.這就要求考生在閱讀過程中根據(jù)文中所敘述的事實細節(jié)來概括總結(jié)主旨大意。注意：1.不能以偏概全.2.不能過于寬泛，要恰如其分。3.注意多次出現(xiàn)的高頻詞或主題詞

9.Tomstudiedfouryears22detailsParagraphideasPassageideadetailsParagraphideasPassage23[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?Magellan’sdeath.GoingaroundtheWorld.TheWorldIsRound.Magellan’sVoyage.10[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi24[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi25[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slonganddifficultvoyage[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal26[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedt27[1]Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.[2]MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.[3]Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage[1]Magellan’smenwerethefi28Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeath.B.GoingaroundtheWorld.C.TheWorldIsRound.D.Magellan’sVoyage.(toonarrow)(toonarrow)(toobroad)(justproper)Magellan’smenwerethefirst29atthebeginningattheendinthemiddleatboththebeginningandtheend命題類主題句在文章或段落中的位置nocleartopicsentenceatthebeginningattheendatthebeginningattheendint30TypesOf

Paragraph

StructuresTypeThepositionofthetopicsentenceInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendIn

the

middleNocleartopicsentencebesides,forexample……so,therefore,……SumthemupbyyourselfBut,however,actually……Summary:TypesOfParagraphStructuresT31主旨大意題的干擾項(錯誤選項)有3種：

1.概括范圍太窄，只表達局部信息或某一細節(jié)，不能概括整篇文章的主旨大意。2.概括范圍太寬，所表達的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容。3.無關(guān)信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到語言依據(jù)的信息。

主旨大意題的干擾項(錯誤選項)有3種：1.概括范圍太32主要內(nèi)容型這種類型的題的關(guān)鍵是找到主題句（topicsentence）。主題句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼應(yīng)，有時也在文中，或者沒有主題句，需要根據(jù)文章所述內(nèi)容進行歸納。各段的主題句也常在該段的句首或尾句。議論文和說明文一般有主題句，但記敘文通常沒有主題句，需要歸納。三、解題技巧主要內(nèi)容型這種類型的題的關(guān)鍵是找到主題句三、解題33文首：新聞報道、議論文文末：記敘文說明文:文中：例子/假設(shè)例子/假設(shè)后進入主題沒有主題句：找反復出現(xiàn)的詞語判斷文章體裁很重要！文首：判斷文章體裁很重要！34找主題句的小竅門1)首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨；

首段出現(xiàn)具體例子或假設(shè)時，例子或假設(shè)后面的內(nèi)容往往就是主旨。2)作者有意識地反復重復的觀點，通常是主旨；反復出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞；3)段落中出現(xiàn)表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語（如however,thus,infact,actually等）時，該句很可能是主題句；

找主題句的小竅門1)首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答35例題一

Widespreadmediacoveragehasbeengiventoanewpilltopreventheartdiseaseandstroke.TheSunsaidthepill,calledAteronon,“couldsavethousandsoflives”.TheDailyTelegraphsaidthatthenewproductcontainsanaturalthingfoundintomatoesthatisapowerfulantioxidant.Thenewspapersaidthepillcanpreventthebuild-upoffat.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howwecanpreventheartdisease.B.Anewpillgetsmuchmediaattention.C.Thebuild-upoffatisharmful.D.Anaturalthingwasfoundintomatoes.

開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節(jié)來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達的主題思想。B體裁：新聞報道開門見山,提出主題,隨之用細節(jié)來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所36例題二：Aneweight-kilometerroadisunderconstructionthatlinkstheportareawithmotorwaysystem.Itisexpectedtocarry20,000trucksandcarsaday,whichgreatlyreducestheovercrowdedtrafficinthecenterofthecity.Aspartoftheproject,twofour-kilometerroadtunnelsarebeingbuiltbelowthecentralareaofthecity,onefortraffictothenorthandtheotherforthetraffictothesouth.Thetwotunnelsareabout20metersbelowthesurfaceandare12meterswide,providingfortwolanesoftrafficineachdirection.Intheupperpartofthetunneltwoair-conditioningpipesremovethewastegasoftrucksandcarsandkeepthequalityofairinsidethetunnel.Thelightingisatthetopofthetunnel,practicallyatitshighestpoint.Therewillalsobeelectricsignsatfrequentintervals.Theyshowtrafficconditionsaheadandcanbeseenclearlybydrivers.Thewallismadeupoffourmainelements,whichincludeawaterproofingcoveringand,ontheinsideofthetunnel,aconcretelining.

例題二：Aneweight-kilometerroad37Eachtunnelisroughlyroundandthelowerpartofthetunnelissomewhatflat.Thesurfaceoftheroadliesonthebase,whichismadeofconcreteandsteel.Thedrainagesystem,justbelowtheroadsurfaceononeside,removesanyextraliquid,particularlywater.Intheeventoffire,thefiremain,whichismadeofsteel,pipeswatertomanyfirehydrantstationsatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthetunnel.Thefiremainisatthesideofthetunnelandattheleveloftheroadsurface.Othersystemsinthetunnelwillincludeemergencyphones.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.A.theconstructionofaroadB.thedesignofaroadC.theconstructionoftwotunnelsD.thedesignoftwotunnelsD體裁：說明文沒有主題句找反復出現(xiàn)的詞語Eachtunnelisroug38文章標題型文章標題就是對文章主要意思的概括，考查對全文中心思想的理解，因此，解答這類題的方法與解答主要內(nèi)容題基本相同，都是尋找主題句，或歸納主要內(nèi)容，但與之相對比，卻具備了概括性、針對性、醒目性的特點。文章標題型文章標題就是對文章主要意思的概括，考查對全文中39推敲選項正誤的小竅門：1)正確選項不出現(xiàn)細節(jié)信息。2)正確選項一般不含過分肯定或者絕對意義的詞。3)正確選項一般有抽象名詞或概括性詞語。4)四個選項中，內(nèi)容相近或完全相反的兩個選項中，往往有一個是正確選項。5)干擾項特點：①概括范圍太窄，只含局部信息；②概括范圍太寬，所表達的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容。③無關(guān)信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到語言依據(jù)的信息。

推敲選項正誤的小竅門：40例題Ifcarshadwings，theycouldflyandthatjustmighthappen,beginningin2011.ThecompanyTerrafugia,basedinWoburn,Massachusetts,saysitplanstodeliveritscar-plane,theTransition,tocustomersbytheendof2011.“It’sthenext‘wow’vehicle，”saidTerrafugiavicepresidentRichardGersh.“AnybodycanbuyaFerrari,butaswesay,Ferrarisdon’tfly.”Thecar-planehaswingsthatunfoldforflying—aprocessthecompanysaystakesoneminute—andfoldbackupfordriving.Arunwayisstillrequiredtotakeoffandland.TheTransitionisbeingmarketedmoreasaplanethatdrivesthanacarthatflies,althoughitisboth.ThecompanyhasbeenworkingwithFAAtomeetaircraftregulations,andwiththeNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministrationtomeetvehiclesafetyregulations.ThecompanyisaimingtoselltheTransitiontoprivatepilotsasamoreconvenientandcheaperwaytofly.Theysayitsavesyouthetroublefromtryingtofindanothermodeoftransportationtogettoandfromairports:Youdrivethecartotheairportandthenyou’regoodtogo.Whenyouland,youfoldupthewingsandhittheroad.Therearenoexpensiveparkingfeesbecauseyoudon’thavetostoreitatanairport—youparkitinthegarageathome.體裁：說明文例題體裁：說明文41Thecar-planeisdesignedtoflyprimarilyunder10,000feet.Ithasamaximumtake-offweightof1,430pounds,includingfuelandpassengers.TerrafugiasaystheTransitionreducesthepotentialforanaccidentbyallowingpilotstodriveunderbadweatherinsteadofflyingintomarginalconditions.TheTransition’spricetag:$194,000,Buttheremaybeadditionalchargesforoptionslikearadio,transponderorGPS.Anotheroptionisafull-planeparachute.“Ifyougetintoaveryawfulsituation,itisthenecessarysafetyoption，”Gershsaid.Sofar,thecompanyhasmorethan70orderswithdeposits.“We’reworkingverycloselywiththem,buttherearestillsomeremainingsteps,”Brownsaid.（）What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CarsWithWingsMayBeJustAroundtheCornerB．WhichtoChoose:AFerrarioraCarPlane?C．AMoreConvenientandCheaperWaytoFlyD．CarsWithWingsCanFlyasFastasPlanesAThecar-planeisdesigned42寫作目的型這類題的題干中常有purpose，或者后面接有目的的動詞不定式，如：intendto,meantto,（inorder）to。我們可以根據(jù)文章的主旨和體裁來判斷作者的寫作目的，因此，文章的首尾段或每段的首尾是閱讀的重點，作者的寫作意圖往往就隱含在其中。寫作目的型43與寫作目的對應(yīng)的文章如下：1)toentertainreaders（使讀者愉悅、發(fā)笑）：常見于個人經(jīng)歷或故事類的文章。2)topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點）：常見于廣告或議論文。3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）：多見于新聞報道類、科普類、文化類或社會類的文章，以及勸告性或建議性的文章。與寫作目的對應(yīng)的文章如下：44例題一：Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation(通貨膨脹)?Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvalue,howeverhightheinterestrate.Onlyabraveman,oraveryrichone,darestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.例題一：首段出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。45……They…inventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentsofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensive,butoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.Afterall,ifyouaregoingtoberuledbytime,whynotinvestin