2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法題庫

2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法題庫卷I一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.BloomfieldandFrieswereknownastherepresentativesofthe______linguistics.2.______linguisticsisconcernedwithlanguageasaninstrumentofsocialinteractionratherthanasystemthatisisolated.3.IntheNaturalApproach,thelexiconforbothcomprehensionandproductionisconsidered______intheconstructionandinterpretationofmessages.A.criticalB.trivialC.unimportantD.inappropriate4.Thebook"NotionalSyllabuses"by______hadasignificantinfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheCommunicativeApproach.A.WilkinsB.MorrowandJohnsonC.HallidayD.Widdowson5.WhatarethedistinguishingfeaturesoftheNotional-FunctionalSyllabus?6.WhataretheprinciplesandconsequencesoftheReformMovement?7.Avarietyofgames,role-plays,simulations,etc.are______communicativeactivitiespreparedtosupporttheCommunicativeLanguageTeaching.A.text-basedB.task-basedC.game-basedD.situation-based8.TheOralApproachbelievesthatlanguagelearninginreallifeisfortheacquisitionofspokenlanguagewhilelanguagelearningintheclassroomisforthedevelopmentof______.9.PalmerworkedasateacherofEnglishinJapanformanyyears,workingtowardstwocomplementary______inEnglishlanguageteaching.10.Bytheendofthe______,theAudiolingualMethodbecamethetargetofcriticismfromallsides.A.1960sB.1970sC.1980sD.1990s11.The______Methodemphasizesonoralworkanddrilling;languagepresentedindialogues;practicecontextualizedinsituation.12.WhichskillsdoestheCognitiveApproachgiveequalimportanceto?______.A.ListeningandSpeakingB.ListeningandReadingC.ReadingandWritingD.Alloftheabove13.Cognitivepsychologistsholdthatlanguagelearningisthediscoveryoftheunderlying______ofthelanguagebymeansofinductiveanddeductiveinference.14.WiththeOralApproach,ratherthanfocusonexplaininggrammaticalrulesinclassroomteaching,theteachermustencouragedirectand______useofthetargetlanguageintheclassroom.A.quickB.carefulC.spontaneousD.specific15.Accordingtotherecordsavailable,humanbeingshavebeenengagedinthestudyoflanguagefor______centuries.A.10B.15C.20D.2516.CommunityLanguageLearningismostoftenusedintheteachingof______proficiency.17.Ratherthanteachinggrammardeductively,intheDirectMethodteachersencouragelearnersto______rulesofgrammarthroughactiveuseofthetargetlanguageintheclassroom.18.Whichofthefollowingcanhelptrainspeaking?______A.Listenandfollowinstructions.B.Simonsays.C.Pairsfinding.D.Matchcaptionswithpictures.19.______linguisticsisconcernedwithlanguageasaninstrumentofsocialinteractionratherthanasystemthatisisolated.20.The______Approachbelievesthatmistakesareunavoidableinthecreativeuseoflanguage,andstudents'mistakesareanecessaryandnatural______.21.Itwas______whohadaccomplishedthefunctionallinguisticsandmadetheLondonSchoolofLinguisticsoneofthemostcompetitivelinguistictheoriesintheworld.A.Ｍ.Ａ.Ｋ.HallidayB.BronislawMalinowskiC.J.R.FirthD.SigmundFreud22.HowusefularethetechniquesusedbyacognitiveteachertoyourEnglishteachingandlearningexperience?23.WhatfourdimensionsdoescommunicativecompetenceentailaccordingtoCanaleandSwain?24.ThecognitivetheoryoflearningasputforwardbyAusubelisperhapsbestunderstoodbycontrastingroteand______learning.A.usefulB.practicalC.meaningfulD.advanced25.______referstoanyinformationwhichprovidesareportontheresultofcommunicationwhichtakesplacenotonlybetweenthelistenerandthespeaker.26.InMalinowski'sopinion,anutterancehasno______atallifitisoutofthecontextofsituation.A.formB.meaningC.contentD.format27.TheAudiolingualMethod,knownvariouslyasthe______ApproachandtheStructuralApproach,influencedthewaylanguagesweretaughtintheUSandelsewhereintheworldthroughoutthe1950s.28.WhatarethereasonsfortheriseandfalloftheAudiolingualMethod?29.ExplainthefivehypothesesconcerningKrashen'smonitortheory.30.Inforeignlanguageteaching,thetargetlanguagewasinterpretedasasystemofrulestobeobservedintextsandsentences,andtoberelatedtothefirstlanguage______andmeaning.A.wordsB.rulesC.sentencesD.context31.G.Lozanovwasthefounderof______.A.theCommunityLanguageLearningB.theDirectMethodC.SuggestopaediaD.theNaturalApproach32.Notions,accordingtoVanEkandAlexander,aredomainsinwhichweuse______toexpressthoughtandfeeling.33.InDirectMethod,thebasicunitoflanguageisthe______.A.wordB.phraseC.sentenceD.paragraph34.ArethereanysimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweentheOralApproachandtheAudiolingualMethodintermsoflanguagetheoriesandlearningtheories?35.ThesyllabususedintheDirectMethodisarrangedsemanticallyaccordingtosituationsor______.36.WhatarethedistinguishingfeaturesoftheNotional-FunctionalSyllabus?37.Thetwomajortypesofcognitivestructuresareschemasand______.38.Chomskyhasmadethedistinctionbetweenlinguisticcompetenceand______.A.linguisticperformanceB.communicativecompetenceC.readingperformanceD.universalgrammar39.Bloomfieldarguedthatlinguistsshoulddescribewhatpeopleactuallysayandtakea(an)______approachinanalyzingdata.40.CommunityLanguagelearningtakesitsprinciplefromthemoregeneralcounseling-learningapproachdevelopedby______.A.JamesAsherB.CalebGattegnoC.CharlesCurrenD.GeorgiLozanov41.Whichofthefollowingmethodsadvisesteacherstoconsidertheirstudentsas"wholepersons"?A.CommunityLanguageLearning.B.TheSilentWay.C.TheTotalPhysicalResponseMethod.D.Suggestopaedia.42.Inessence,theGlobalMethodisatext-based,top-downapproachinwhich______isameansaswellasanendinitself.A.listeningB.speakingC.readingD.writing43.Generallyspeakingthegoalofforeignlanguageteachingistohelpthelearnermasterthe______languageintheshortestpossibletime.44.SigmundFreudwasthefirstpsychologistthatmadeacarefulstudyof______mind.45.Whatistheteacherdoingintermsoferrorcorrection?

"S:Igotothetheatrelastnight."

T:YouGOtothetheatrelastnight?A.Correcting"thestudent"smistake.B.Hintingthatthereisamistake.C.Encouragingpeercorrection.D.AskingtheStudentwhetherhereallywenttothetheatre.46.TheAudiolingualMethodconsiderslanguageabilitymadeupof______skills,andtheseskillscanbetaughtseparately.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six47.IntheNaturalApproach,______attempttoinvolvestudents'feelings,opinions,desires,reactions,ideas,andexperiences.A.affective-humanisticactivitiesB.problem-solvingactivitiesC.gamesD.contentactivities48.WhatelseistheAudiolingualMethodreferredtoas?49.Researchinsecondlanguageacquisitionshowsthatmotivation,self-confidenceand______arethethreeaffectivefactors.50.TheTotalPhysicalResponsemethodseessuccessfuladultsecondlanguagelearningasaprocessparalleledtochildren'sfirstlanguage______.卷I參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：structural[解析]布魯姆菲爾德被認(rèn)為是美國結(jié)構(gòu)主義語言學(xué)之父，而弗賴斯也是美國結(jié)構(gòu)主義的代表人物。2.參考答案：Functional[解析]交際法的語言理論起源于功能主義學(xué)派，功能主義語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為語言是用來進(jìn)行社會交際的工具，而不是一個孤立的系統(tǒng)。3.參考答案：A[解析]意義在自然法中起著首要的作用。在信息的解釋和翻譯中，詞匯在語言的理解和表達(dá)上起著關(guān)鍵作用。4.參考答案：A[解析]威爾金斯于1976年出版的《意念大綱》(NotionalSyllabuses)一書對交際教學(xué)法的發(fā)展起到了重要的作用。5.參考答案：TheywereitsattentiontofunctionsastheorganizingelementsofEnglishlanguagecurriculum,anditscontrastwithastructuralsyllabus.6.參考答案：TheprinciplesoftheReformMovementweretheprimacyofspeech,thecentralityoftheconnectedtextasthekerneloftheteaching-learningprocess,andtheabsolutepriorityofanoralmethodologyintheclassroom.Theconsequencesweregreat.ManypeopletookpartintheReformMovement.Alotofbookswerepublished.Anappliedlinguisticapproachtolanguageteachingbegantotakeshape.7.參考答案：B[解析]交際法當(dāng)前使用的教材主要有三種，它們分別是篇章型、任務(wù)型和實(shí)物型。任務(wù)型教材為了配合交際法教學(xué)，設(shè)計了各種各樣的游戲、角色表演、模仿和任務(wù)型的交際活動。8.參考答案：literacy[解析]在《語言學(xué)習(xí)的原則》(1921)一書中，帕爾默分述了自然環(huán)境中的語言學(xué)習(xí)和在教室里進(jìn)行的語言學(xué)習(xí)，并堅持認(rèn)為，人們自然的、無意識的習(xí)得語言的自發(fā)能力與學(xué)生通過訓(xùn)練或“學(xué)習(xí)”得到的能力之間有著根本的不同。他認(rèn)為，自發(fā)能力(spontaneouscapacities)在習(xí)得口語的過程中被得到充分發(fā)揮，而學(xué)得的能力(Studialcapacities)則是培養(yǎng)讀寫能力所需要的。9.參考答案：objective[解析]帕爾默在日本從事英語語言教學(xué)研究多年，一直致力于兩個相輔相成的目標(biāo)。目標(biāo)之一是以在日本學(xué)校行之有效的具體形式來實(shí)施口語教學(xué)法的原則；另一個目標(biāo)是建立控制詞匯的原則。10.參考答案：A[解析]聽說法在20世紀(jì)50年代得到最廣泛的使用，但到了20世紀(jì)60年代末期，聽說法成為各方批評的對象。11.參考答案：Direct[解析]直接法要求課堂教學(xué)用目標(biāo)語，語言實(shí)踐都放入到“情景”當(dāng)中去，強(qiáng)調(diào)口語的重要性，主張先教聽說，再教讀寫，認(rèn)為在教學(xué)中應(yīng)遵循語言學(xué)習(xí)的自然途徑(naturalprocess)，應(yīng)當(dāng)用歸納法教授語法，通過會話來實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目的。12.參考答案：D[解析]認(rèn)知法與聽說法不同，其更重視四種語言技巧的共同發(fā)展。但是接受性技巧(receptiveskills)即聽與讀要先于產(chǎn)出性技巧(productiveskills)說和寫，因?yàn)榻邮苄约记墒前l(fā)展語言能力(competence)的方式。13.參考答案：structure[解析]認(rèn)知心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，語言學(xué)習(xí)是通過運(yùn)用納推理和演繹推理去發(fā)現(xiàn)語言的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。語言規(guī)則的發(fā)現(xiàn)與操練應(yīng)在語言環(huán)境中進(jìn)行，學(xué)習(xí)者一開始學(xué)習(xí)語言就受到整個語言環(huán)境的影響。14.參考答案：C[解析]老師在課堂上應(yīng)該鼓勵學(xué)生直接地、自發(fā)地使用目標(biāo)語，而不應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在講解語法規(guī)則上。15.參考答案：D[解析]我們不知道人們從什么時候開始對他們正在使用的語言感興趣，但根據(jù)現(xiàn)存的資料，我們確信人們開始研究語言至少2500多年了，即25個世紀(jì)。故選D。16.參考答案：oral[解析]團(tuán)體語言學(xué)習(xí)法最常被用來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的口語能力。17.參考答案：induce[解析]在直接法中，教師不再用演繹法講授語法，而是鼓勵學(xué)生在課堂上通過積極地運(yùn)用目標(biāo)語來歸納語法規(guī)則。18.參考答案：C19.參考答案：20

Functional[解析]交際法的語言理論起源于功能主義學(xué)派，功能主義語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為語言是用來進(jìn)行社會交際的工具，而不是一個孤立的系統(tǒng)。他們把每一個人看作是社會的個體，研究人習(xí)得語言的方式，并運(yùn)用語言在社會環(huán)境中與其他社會個體進(jìn)行交流的方式。20.參考答案：Cognitive，phenomenon[解析]認(rèn)知法認(rèn)為，在創(chuàng)造性使用外語的過程中，錯誤是不可避免的。學(xué)習(xí)者犯的語言錯誤是必然的，是一種正常現(xiàn)象，它是外語學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步的特征，因此他們對待錯誤的態(tài)度和聽說法不一樣。21.參考答案：A[解析]馬利諾夫斯基是功能語言學(xué)派的先驅(qū)，他提出“語境(contextofsituation)”這一概念，弗爾斯使它成了倫敦學(xué)派的一個關(guān)鍵概念。盡管弗爾斯試圖將語言成分與馬利諾夫斯基的社會語言學(xué)見解結(jié)合起來并據(jù)此建立一個語言描寫的理論模式，但他沒能將其理論詳解。語言學(xué)家韓禮德完成了弗爾斯的未競事業(yè)，使倫敦語言學(xué)派成了世界上最具競爭力的語言理論之一。22.參考答案：Therulelearning,meaningfulpracticeandcreativityarethefocusofEnglishteachingandlearningexperience.UsingthesetechniquesistohelpthelearnertounderstandEnglishasasystem,andtomasterthemeaningfulmaterial,thentoachievesuccessfulcommunication.

Thesetechniquesusedbyacognitiveteachercanstimulatelearnerssubjectiveactivityandcreativity,andraisetheirlanguagecompetenceandlanguageperformance.Byusingthesetechniques,theteachercanachievetheobjectivesofEnglishteachingandlearningexperience:todevelopintuitivethinking.inlearners;todevelopstrategiesoflanguageuse;toenablethestudentstolearnfromerrors.23.參考答案：Communicativecompetenceentailsfourdimensions:grammaticalcompetence,sociolinguisticcompetence,discoursecompetence,andstrategiccompetence.24.參考答案：C[解析]奧斯貝爾提出了認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)理論。也許通過機(jī)械的學(xué)習(xí)(死記硬背)和有意義的學(xué)習(xí)的對比，是最能加深對其理論的理解。25.參考答案：Feedback[解析]真正具有交際性的活動主要有三個特征：信息溝，選擇和反饋。此題考查反饋的概念。26.參考答案：B[解析]馬利諾夫(Malinowski)得出結(jié)論：每一字的意思在很大程度上都取決于其語境，一旦脫離語境，話便無意義(meaning)。27.參考答案：Aural-Oral[解析]語言主要是用口頭表達(dá)的，其口頭表達(dá)能力要通過語言結(jié)構(gòu)的訓(xùn)練才能形成。聽說法，或叫耳口法或叫結(jié)構(gòu)法在二十世紀(jì)五十年代影響著整個美國的語言教學(xué)。28.參考答案：AudiolingualMethodcomesfromthetheoriesandideasofbehaviourismandstructuralism.Itwasverypopularinthe1950s.Towardstheendofthe1950s,transformationalgenerativelinguisticsstartedawaragainstitandfinallybroughtitdownfromitsdominantposition.29.參考答案：ThemonitortheorywasputforwardbyKrasheninthelate1970s.Thetheoryconsistsofthefollowingfivehypotheses:

①Theacquisition-learninghypothesis.Thebasicdistinctionbetweenlanguageacquisitionandlanguagelearningiswhetherthelearnerpaysaconsciousattentiontotherulesofthetargetlanguage.Acquisitionreferstothesubconsciousprocessinwhichlearnersdeveloptheirlanguageproficiency.Learningreferstotheconsciousprocessinwhichlearnersacquiretheknowledgeofrulesofthetargetlanguage.

②Themonitorhypothesis.Differentfunctions—AccordingtoKrashen,acquisitionisresponsibleforthefluencyoftheutterancesproducedbyspeakerswhilelearningisresponsiblefortheaccuracyofthespeechesorpassages.Threeconditions—Inordertoperformthismonitorfunction,languagelearnershavetosatisfyatleastthreeconditions:sufficienttimetomonitorhisproduction,tohavehisfocusonform,andtohaveclearknowledgeoftherulesofthetargetlanguage.

③Thenaturalorderhypothesis.Thehypothesisclaimsthatforeignlanguagelearnersacquiretherulesofthetargetlanguageinthesameordernomatterwhere,whenandhowtheyarelearningthelanguage.InKrashen'spointofview,languageteachingcannotchangethenaturalorderoflanguageacquisition.Itcanonlyfacilitatethespeedofacquisition.

④Theinputhypothesis.Languageinputandlanguageacquisition—AccordingtoKrashen,theonlywayforpeopletoacquirealanguageisbyunderstandingmessagesorreceivingcomprehensiveinput.Theymovefromtheircurrentleveltothenextlevelbyunderstandinginput.

⑤Theaffectivefilterhypothesis.Purpose—Itattemptstoexplainthevariationinspeedoflanguageacquisitionamongindividualsofthesamegroup.Thethreeaffectivefactorswhichdeterminesthespeedofsuccess—motivation,self-confidence,andanxiety.Influenceofthethreefactors—learnerswithhighmotivation,self-confidence,andlowanxietywilldomuchbetterthanthosethatareunmotivated,lackinginself-confidenceandconcernedtoomuchwithfailure.30.參考答案：B[解析]在外語教學(xué)中，目標(biāo)語被看做一套語法規(guī)則體系，這套語法規(guī)則體系在課文和句子里都要遵守，與第一語言的語法規(guī)則和意思要聯(lián)系起來。31.參考答案：C[解析]暗示法(suggestopaedia)是洛扎諾夫提倡的。選項(xiàng)A集體語言學(xué)習(xí)法是由柯倫(chadesA.curran)和他的同事們共同倡導(dǎo)的一種方法，該方法建議教師要把學(xué)生當(dāng)成一個“完整的人”來對待，所以有時人們把這種方法叫做“人文主義教學(xué)法”。選項(xiàng)B直接法的倡導(dǎo)者是著名的語言教學(xué)革新家法國人古文。選項(xiàng)D自然法的倡導(dǎo)者是克拉申和特雷爾(KrashenandTerrell)。32.參考答案：language[解析]按照范?？撕蛠啔v山大的觀點(diǎn)，意念既抽象又具體。抽象的意念指的是存在、空間、時間、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量等抽象概念。人們總是在這些范疇內(nèi)用語言來表達(dá)自己的思想和情感。33.參考答案：C[解析]直接法認(rèn)為語言的基本單位是句子。34.參考答案：Intermsoflanguagetheories,thereexistlittledifferencesbetweentheOralApproachandtheAudiolingualMethod.Thetwoapproacheshavethefollowingsimilarities:bothholdastructuralviewoflanguage.Structurallinguisticsviewslanguageasasystemofstructurallyrelatedelementsfortheexpressionofmeaning.Bothidentifylanguagewithspeech,andspeechabilityisapproachedthoughoralpracticeofstructure.However,theOralApproachwasdevelopedbytheBritishappliedlinguists,whiletheAudiolingualMethodwasdevelopedbytheAmericanstructuralists.Intermsoflearningtheories,thetwomethodsalsohavesomethingincommon:bothbelieveinatheoryoflearningthatisbasedonatypeofbehaviouristhabit-formationtheory.Foreignlanguagelearningisconsideredbasicallyaprocessofhabitformation.However,therearealsodifferencesbetweenthem:whilebothmethodsemphasizetheestablishmentofgoodspeechhabitsthroughrepetitionofsentencepatterns,theOralApproachholdsthatnewlanguagepointsshouldbeintroducedandpractisedsituationally,thatis,inmeaningfulcontext,notbetaughtasisolated,disconnectedelements.AndtheOralApproachencourageddirectandspontaneoususeofthetargetlanguageintheclassroom.TheAudiolingualMethodholdslearningalanguageisaprocessofacquiringasetofappropriatelanguagestimulus-responsechains,amechanicalprocessofhabitformation.Itoveremphasizeslanguageform,notlanguagecontent;studentsarenotexpectedtomakeanyspontaneous,