Unit4SpaceExplorationPeriod4DiscoveringUsefulStructures不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)課件-高一英語(yǔ)人教版

Unit4SpaceExploration

DiscoveringUsefulStructures

Infinitivesastheattributeandtheadverbial

動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)Goals：1.Knowthefunctionsandmeaningsoftheinfinitives2.Abletodistinguishtheminasentence.以下不定式充當(dāng)什么成分？主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)

01PART動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法1.YuriGagarinisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.1.尤里·加加林有史以來(lái)第一個(gè)進(jìn)入太空的人。2.Tereshkovaisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.2.瓦蓮京娜·捷列什科娃（世界第一名女航天員，蘇聯(lián)空軍少將，人類歷史上進(jìn)入太空的第一位女性1937-

）86!!!3.NeilArmstrongisthefirstastronauttolandontothemoonintheworld.尼爾·奧爾登·阿姆斯特朗美國(guó)宇航員、地球上第一個(gè)踏上月球的人4.YangLiweiisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.楊利偉中國(guó)首飛太空第一人5.LiuYangisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.劉洋

中國(guó)第一位進(jìn)入太空的女航天員6.WangYapingisthefirstastronauttoteachinspaceinChina.王亞平中國(guó)首位太空老師1.YuriGagarinisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.2.Tereshkovaisthefirstfemaleastronauttobesentintospaceintheworld.3.NeilArmstrongisthefirstastronaut

tolandontothemoonintheworld.4.YangLiweiisthefirstastronauttobesentintospaceinChina.5.LiuYangisthefirstfemaleastronaut

tobesentintospaceinChina.6.WangYapingisthefirstastronaut

toteachinspaceinChina.1.What’sthesimilarityofthesesentences?2.What’sthefunctionoftheseinfinitives?

翻譯：1.尤里·加加林是世界上第一位被送入太空的宇航員。2.捷列什科娃是世界上第一位被送入太空的女宇航員。3.尼爾·阿姆斯特朗是世界上第一位登上月球的宇航員。中國(guó)首位被送入太空的宇航員。中國(guó)首位被送入太空的女宇航員。中國(guó)第一位在太空任教的宇航員。SummaryTheinfinitivesareused

as

。tomodify（修飾）

placedinfrontofit.2.土辦法：翻譯！

中文...的...theattribitie(定語(yǔ))thenouns找出下列句子中的不定式并指出其在句中的作用：

賓語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)

目的狀語(yǔ)

目的狀語(yǔ)

目的狀語(yǔ)

目的狀語(yǔ)

02PART動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)的用法目的：常用結(jié)構(gòu)有inorderto和soasto，但soasto不可位于句首。為了學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，必須下苦功夫。TolearnEnglishwell,youmustmakepainstakingefforts.她一路快速奔跑為了趕上最后一班公共汽車。Sheranfastallthewaysoastocatchthelastbus.為了通過(guò)考試，簡(jiǎn)努力學(xué)習(xí)到午夜。Inordertopasstheexam,Janeworkedhardtillmidnight.Jackhasmadegreatprogress,

（make

）hisparentsvery

happy.杰克取得了巨大的進(jìn)步，這讓他的父母很高興。YesterdayIwenttoseeher

（learn）thatshehadgoneabroudaweekbefore.昨天我去看她，不料聽(tīng)人說(shuō)她一周前出國(guó)了。butonlytolearnmaking2.作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果：“令人意想不到”的結(jié)果，其中“使人不愉快的結(jié)果”較為常見(jiàn)。

有時(shí)前面加上only或butonlytodo，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。特別提醒表示自然而然的結(jié)果，or有直接的因果關(guān)系：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)ving(2)動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于一些特定的結(jié)構(gòu)中：too..todo...太……而不能做……so/such...astodo...如此……以至于做……enough...to...足以做...You'rejusttoogoodtobetrue你是那么美好而不像是真的Can'ttakemyeyesoffyou難以將我的目光從你身上轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞不定式常跟在一些形容詞之后說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有happy,lucky,surprised,sorry,

glad,delighted,anxious,interested,woried等。學(xué)生們非常渴望知道考試結(jié)果。Thestudentsareeagertoknowtheirtestresults.作為中國(guó)青年我們感到自豪。WeareproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina．theinfinitivecanbeused

as

。toindicate

purpose/result/reason.不定式作狀語(yǔ)可以表示目的、結(jié)果、原因。Summarytheadverbialtheinfinitive不定式除了謂語(yǔ)，其他句子成分都能充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)修飾名詞土辦法：翻譯！

中文...的...目的結(jié)果原因?yàn)榱?..“令人意想不到”的結(jié)果todo

自然而然的結(jié)果vingtoo..todoso/such...astodoenough...to...情緒adjSummary1Lookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicisedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctionsandmeanings.Findmoreexamplesfromtheunit.1Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot.2Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace.3Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.5On12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.P.

42目的狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)定

語(yǔ)定

語(yǔ)2Rewritethesentencesusinginfinitivesor“inorderto/soasto+do”.Changetheitalicisedpartsaccordingly.

3.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavedreamtthatonedaytheywouldflyintospace.4.Astronauts’bonesandmusclescangetveryweakinspaceduetothelackofgravity,sotheyneedtoexerciseeveryday,whichwillhelpthemstayhealthy.Mankindhasalwaysbeencuriousabouttheuniverseandmanypeoplehavethedreamtoflyintospaceoneday....theyneedtoexerciseeverydayto/inorderto/soastostayhealthy.5.Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.6.Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlysothattheycankeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.

Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspace

to/inorderto/soastokeepeverythingfromfloatingoff.

Duringaspacewalk,astronautshavetomoveslowlyto/inorderto/soastokeeptheirbodiesundercontrol.3Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoal_________(achieve).Oneoftheproblemsisthatthetripwouldtakeaverylongtime.Forexample,_____(use)currenttechnology,itwouldtakeovertwoyears_____(get)totheclosestplanet,Mars,andback.Althoughlightisthefastestthing(know)intheuniverse,itcouldtakemorethanfouryearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.Willscientistsfigureoutaway_______(store)sufficientfoodandwaterforthelongjourney?Isitpossibletotravelfasterthanlight?Nooneknowstheanswersyet.However,spacescientistsnevergiveup.Theyareexperimentingwithgrowingcropsinspacesoas_______(help)astronautsgetenoughfoodonlongerjourneysthroughspace.toachievetogettostoretohelpusing不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般放在哪里？作定語(yǔ)的不定式和名詞有什么關(guān)系呢？什么時(shí)候會(huì)用不定式作定語(yǔ)？Whereistheinfinitiveusedasattributive?Whatdoestheinfinitivehavetodowiththenoun?Whendoyouuseinfinitiveasattributive?位置關(guān)系*不定式作定語(yǔ)的位置和關(guān)系1.Wemustfindapersontodothew