E時代高職英語-綜合教程（3） 第四單元

Lead-inListening＆SpeakingPart

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2ReadingGrammarPart

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4Watching&PerformingAppliedWritingPart

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6Lead-inListening＆SpeakingPart

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2ReadingGrammarPart

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4Watching&PerformingAppliedWritingPart

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6Haveyoueverworkedorstudiedinateam?Wouldyouliketodoataskbyyourselforcooperatingwithothers?Why?Watchthevideoandthenshareyourthoughtsaboutteamwithyourpartners.Thefollowingsentencesareforyourreference.1*Teamisagroupofpeoplewithvariousskills,workingtogethertowardsacommongoal.*Teammembersoperatewithahighdegreeoftrust,dutyandinterdependence(相互依賴).*Teamworkisthefuelthatallowscommonpeopletoattainuncommonresults.*Teammembershelpeachotherrealizetheirpotentials.*Teamgeneratesperformancegreaterthanthesumoftheperformanceofthemembers.Playaquickteambuildinggameaccordingtothefollowingguidanceandguessitsobjective.2AGameofPossibilitiesTime:5—6minutesNumberofParticipants:OneorseveralsmallgroupsToolsNeeded:AnyrandomobjectsRules:Thisisagreat5-minuteteambuildinggame.Giveanobjecttoonepersonineachgroup.Oneatatime,someonehastogoupinfrontofthegroupanddemonstrateauseforthatobject.Therestoftheteammustguesswhattheplayerisdemonstrating.Thedemonstratorcannotspeak,anddemonstrationsmustbeoriginal(首創(chuàng)的),possiblywacky(滑稽的)ideas.Thisteambuildingexerciseinspirescreativityandindividualinnovation.Lead-inListening＆SpeakingPart

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2ReadingGrammarPart

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4Watching&PerformingAppliedWritingPart

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6Listentothedialoguesandfillintheblanks.1WordsandExpressionsmarketingdepartment市場部corporate公司的；企業(yè)的assign分配appreciation欣賞motivate激勵individually單獨地equal平等的benefit利益；福利solution解決方案Dialogue1A:Hi,Bill!B:Hi,Anny,howareyoufeelingaboutyournewjob?A:___________good.Myco-workersseemalright.Sofareverythingisgreat.B:That’snice.Whichdepartmentareyouinoverthere?A:Well,Iworkinthemarketingdepartment.Thecorporatecultureis___________differentfrommylastemployer.Before,whenIwasassignedatask,Iwastotallyonmyownbutheremostoftheworkisdoneby___________.B:That’sreallygood.It’sveryimportanttofeelthatyouarepartoftheteamatwork.A:Indeed.Teamworkishighlyvaluedinthisnewcompany.Ilikeourboss,too.Heiseasytoget___________with.Hetreatseverybodywithrespectandappreciation.B:That’sgreat.That’sgoodfora___________workenvironmentandhelpsmotivateemployees.Iwishmybosswaslikethat.Prettyteams

positivealong

totallyDialogue2B:Doyoupreferteamworkorworkingindividually?S:ActuallyIpreferworkingonmyown.B:Whydon’tyouliketeamwork,Sally?S:Sometimespeopleare_______whentheyworkinteamsanddoingnothing!B:That’snotagoodteamthen.Everyoneshoulddoequal________inateam.S:Whatarethemainbenefitsofteamwork?B:Ifyouworkinateam,youcan________ideasandsolutionsthatyouwouldneverhavethoughtaboutbyyourself.Andyoucanimproveyourworkefficiency.S:Soteamworkhassome__________benefitsthen?B:Right!JustlikewhenwestudyEnglishasateam!lazywork

hearmajorListentothedialoguesagainandcheckyouranswers,andthenmakeadialogueaccordingtothesituationgivenbelow.Thefollowingsentencepatternsareforyourreference.2Situation:Youareaninterninacompany.Youneedtocooperatewithoneofyourco-workerstodothejob.Buthe/shejustfocusesonhis/herownworkandignoresyou.Youhavetotalkaboutthiswithhim/her.*Wearesupposedtoworkonthistogether.*Sinceweworktogetherinateam,weneedto…*Communicationisessentialforateam.*Ithinkwecandobetterjobsasateam.*Teammembersshouldhelpeachother.*Inordertofinishthiswork,wehavetocooperatewitheachother.*Doyoulikeworkinginteams?*Asateammember,Ican…*Don’tyouthinkthisistheachievementofeveryoneinourteam?*Doyouthinkweareateam?ListentothesongAll4Oneandfillintheblanks.3All4OneisasongbyaGermanpopgroupbeFour.Thesongshowsthepowerandstrengthofthisfour-peopleteam.Areyoureadytoenjoytheteamworkbetweenthemnow?Westandunited,westandtallIknowifwearetogetherIthappensnaturallyThisisour(1)______,andwe’relivingourdreamComejointheride,beapartofourteamWe’restrongerthanbefore(2)___________thanbeforeWearewhatweareandwearesurelifeLouderAll4oneandone4allWestandunited,westandtallIknowifwearetogetherIthappensnaturallyAll4oneandone4allWeareateam,weclimbthe(3)________IknowtogetherforeverWeliveourdreamwallsEverythingchanged,it’sanewexperienceLiferearranged,comeandbeoneofour(4)___________We’refasterthanbeforeHarderthanbeforeYoujusthavetoscreamifyouwant(5)___________All4oneandone4allWestandunited,westandtallIknowifwearetogetherIthappensnaturallyAll4oneandone4allWeareateam,weclimbthewallsIknowtogetherforeverWeliveourdreamWeliveourdreamWeliveourdreamfriendsmoreLead-inListening＆SpeakingPart

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2ReadingGrammarPart

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4Watching&PerformingAppliedWritingPart

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6TextAIntensiveReadingPre-ReadingQuestions:1

Haveyoueverworkedinateam?2

Whatisyourunderstandingofteamwork?從團隊合作中學會的四件事古希臘哲學家第歐根尼講過這樣一個故事：有一個人每晚都會走相同的路，一邊走一邊看著天。一天晚上，他掉進了井里。我不是哲學家，但幾周前，我確實一邊全速走路一邊讀書，結果撞到了樹上。PartⅢ★ancient/?e?n??nt/adj.belongingtoaperiodofhistorythatisthousandsofyearsinthepast古代的e.g.ancienthistory/civilization古代史/文明FourThingsI’veLearnedfromTeamwork1

Diogenes,theancient1Greekphilosopher2,tellsthestoryofamanwhowalkedthesamepatheverynight,hiseyesfocusedonthecelestial3heavens.Oneevening,hefellintoawell.I’mnophilosopher,butafewweeksagoIdidmanagetowalkfull-speedintoatreewhilereadingabook.

TextAIntensiveReading1★philosopher/f?'l?s?f?(r)/n.哲學家

★celestial/s?'lesti?l/adj.天空的，天上的★fallinto掉進，陷入e.g.Itisatrapthattoomanypeoplefallinto.

★managetodosth.設法做成某事e.g.Ifwecouldbyanypossibilitymanagetodoit,wewouldforsure.如果我們有辦法做那事,我們一定會做的。PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading2-32

It’simportanttogetthejobdonequickly,butnotattheexpense4of

skipping5criticalfinaltouches.That’swhyteamworkisimportant.HerearefourthingsI’velearnedfromteamwork.I’mperfect!InfactI’mnot.3Asacreative6,I’mthinkingaboutdeliverables7,specifications8,techniquesandcontent9.Aproductmanager,ontheotherhand,hasawidervision.Hehastothinkabouttheprojectroadmap10,brandstrategy,marketing,andtheoverallexperienceofthefinalproduct.快速完成一項工作很重要，但不要忽視最后關鍵的潤色。這就是團隊合作的重要性。以下是我從團隊合作中學到的四件事。我是完美的！事實并非如此。作為一個有創(chuàng)造力的人，我總是考慮交付產(chǎn)品、規(guī)格、技術和內容。另一方面，產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理需要有更開闊的視野。他必須考慮項目路線圖、品牌戰(zhàn)略、市場營銷以及最終產(chǎn)品的整體體驗?！颽ttheexpenseof在犧牲（或損害）……的情況下e.g.Hebuiltupthebusinessattheexpenseofhishealth.他以自己的健康為代價逐步建立起這個企業(yè)。

★skip

/sk?p/v.toleaveoutsth.thatwouldnormallybethenextthingthatyouwoulddo,read,etc.跳過（正常的步驟等）；略過；漏過e.g.Iskippedoverthelastpartofthebook.那本書的最后一部分我略過沒讀。★creative/kri?e?t?v/n.apersonwhoiscreative富于創(chuàng)造力的人；搞創(chuàng)作的人e.g.Theexhibitionfeaturesthepaintingsoflocalcreative.這個展覽會展出的是當?shù)禺嫾业淖髌贰dj.involvingtheuseofskillandtheimaginationtoproducesth.neworaworkofart創(chuàng)造（性）的；創(chuàng)作的e.g.She’sverycreative—shewritespoetryandpaints.她極富創(chuàng)造力，既能賦詩又能作畫。★deliverable/d?'l?v?r?bl/n.應交付的產(chǎn)品★specification

/?spes?f?'ke??n/n.規(guī)格，規(guī)范；說明書★content/'k?ntent/n.內容★roadmap/'r??d?m?p/n.路標，路線圖

PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading44

Bytheirverynature,productmanagersaregoingtocatchthingsImiss,orwantthingsIwouldneverthinktoincludeinthefirstplace.Iquicklysawthebenefitinconsideringmyworkfromtheperspective11oftheproductmanager.OnceIwasabletoembrace12theirperspective,revision13roundsdecreased14,Iwasabletogetmoredoneinlesstimeandworkwasmoresatisfying.就其本質而言，產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理會注意我忽略的東西，或者把一些我從未想過的東西放在第一位。很快，我就看到了從產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理的角度考慮我的工作的好處。一旦我能夠接受他們的觀點，修改次數(shù)就減少了，我也能在更短的時間內完成更多的工作，而且工作更加令人滿意。

★perspective/p??spekt?v/n.aparticularattitudetowardssth.;awayofthinkingaboutsth.態(tài)度；觀點；思考方法~onsth.對……的看法e.g.Trytoseetheissuefromadifferentperspective.試以不同的角度看待這件事。Hisexperienceabroadprovidesawiderperspectiveontheproblem.他在國外的經(jīng)歷使他以更廣闊的視角看待這個問題?！飁mbrace/?m'bre?s/v.擁抱，抱

★revision/r??v??n/n.theactofchangingsth.,orofexaminingsth.withtheintentionofchangingit修訂，修改e.g.asysteminneedofrevision需要更新的系統(tǒng)★decrease/d??kri?s/v.tobecomeormakesth.becomesmallerinsize,number,etc.（使大小、數(shù)量等）減少，減小，降低~fromsth.tosth.從……減少到……e.g.Thepriceofwheathasdecreasedby15%.小麥價格降低了15%。Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyear.今年新生人數(shù)從210減少到160。PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading5Listen!Teamworkstartswithopeningyourears.5

Greatcommunicationisvitalinanyorganization.Remembertolistentowhatisbeingsaidanddon’tjustwaittotalk.Staypresentduringconversations.Someofthebestideasareconceived15ontheflybypeopleopentodiscoveringthemandtalkingthroughthings.Ifyoudon’tlisten,youcrimp16yourchancesofdoinggreatworkanddiscoveringnewthings.傾聽！傾聽是團隊合作的第一步。良好的溝通在任何組織中都至關重要。記住，傾聽別人說什么，不要只是等著發(fā)言。討論時盡量在場。一些好想法都是在人們公開討論和和談話的過程中產(chǎn)生的。如果你不聽，你就失去了做好事情和發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物的機會?！颿onceive/k?n?si:v/v.toformanidea,aplan,etc.inyourmind;toimaginesth.想出（主意、計劃等）；想象；構想；設想~ofsth.assth.被認為是……e.g.Godisoftenconceivedofasmale.上帝常常被想象為男性。

★crimp/kr?mp/v.妨礙……的發(fā)展

★asset/??set/n.athingofvalue,especiallyproperty,thatapersonorcompanyowns,whichcanbeusedorsoldtopaydebts資產(chǎn)；財產(chǎn)e.g.assetsales/management資產(chǎn)銷售/管理PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading6Nooneisbornorganized,butwecanalllearntomanageourassets17.6

Iusedtobeterriblydisorganized.Asaprofessional,Ispentyearsinsisting18thatthefinalproductwasallthatmattered,andtheunderlying19workwasincidental20.Nooneisbornorganized.Similarly,notwopeoplekeeptrack21oftheirlivesinquitethesameway.Theskillsinvolvedinbeingorganizedarelearned,andtheyallowforplentyofpersonalization22inyourapproach.沒有人是天生的組織者，但要學會管理資產(chǎn)。

以前，我十分不善管理。作為一個專業(yè)人士，我始終認為最終產(chǎn)品才是最重要的，而幕后的工作都是次要的。沒有人是天生的組織者，同樣，兩個人不可能用同樣的方式記錄各自的生活。組織管理技能是可以后天學習的，并且在方法上因人而異。

★insist/?n?s?st/v.todemandthatsth.happensorthatsb.agreestodosth.堅決要求；堅持~onsth.e.g.Heinsiststhatshecome.他執(zhí)意要她來。Weinsistedonarefundofthefullamount.我們堅持要求全額退款。~ondoingsth.e.g.Theyinsistonplayingtheirmusiclateatnight.已是深夜，他們卻依然在放音樂?！飖nderlying/??nd??la???/importantinasituationbutnotalwayseasilynoticedorstatedclearly根本的；潛在的；隱含的e.g.Theunderlyingassumptionisthattheamountofmoneyavailableislimited.隱含的假定是：可用的資金有限。

★incidental/??ns?'dentl/adj.次要的，非有意的，附帶發(fā)生的★keeptrackof記錄；與……保持聯(lián)系e.g.Hewishestokeeptrackofyourprogress.他希望隨時了解你的進步。★personalization/'p??s?n?la?ze??n/n.人格化，人性化PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading77

Takecues23fromcoworkers24,askforideasonhowtoorganizeyourself,butmostimportantlyconsideritapartofyourjob.Doingworkisn’tjust“doing”.Sometimesit’sstoppingtotakeabreath,recalibrate25,prioritize26again,anddelivertidypackages.聽取同事的建議，詢問他們如何自我管理，但最重要的是把它當成你工作的一部分。工作不只是“做”，有時也要停下來喘口氣，調整優(yōu)先級，重整行囊再出發(fā)。

★cue/kju?/n.暗示；提示；信號★coworker/'k???w??k?/n.同事

★recalibrate/r?'k?l?bre?t/v.重新刻度，再校準★prioritize/pra?'?r?ta?z/v.按重要性排列，劃分優(yōu)先順序PartⅢTextAIntensiveReading8Changeisn’tjustforpockets.Itcantakeyouwhereyouwanttogo.8

Changeisgoodandmanagingchangeisabedrock27skill.Almostnoonespendstheirwholecareerinoneplace,sogetusedtotheideathatyourpersonalapplecartwillbeupsetfromtimetotime.Workingforanearlystagecompanymeansthatthingswillnecessarilychangeinyourroleandyourcareerpath,whichisagoodthing.跳槽不僅僅是為了錢，它可以帶你去任何地方。跳槽是好事，應對跳槽也是一項基本技能。幾乎沒有人的整個職業(yè)生涯都在同一個地方，所以當你的生活時不時受挫時，要慢慢習慣。為一家處于起步階段的公司工作意味著你的角色和職業(yè)道路必然會發(fā)生變化，這是一件好事。

★bedrock

/'bedr?k/n.基本原則，基本事實★getusedto習慣于e.g.Youwillsoongetusedtotheweatherhere.你很快就會習慣這里的氣候。

TextAIntensiveReadingFourThingsI’veLearnedfromTeamworkNewWords1ancient/'e?n??nt/adj.古代的，古老的2philosopher/f?'l?s?f?(r)/n.哲學家3celestial/s?'lesti?l/adj.天空的，天上的4expense/?k'spens/n.費用5skip/sk?p/v.略過，跳過6creative/kri'e?t?v/n.富于創(chuàng)造力的人；搞創(chuàng)作的人7deliverable/d?'l?v?r?bl/n.應交付的產(chǎn)品8specification/?spes?f?'ke??n/n.規(guī)格，規(guī)范；說明書9content/'k?ntent/n.內容10roadmap/'rod,m?p/n.路標，路線圖11perspective/p?'spekt?v/n.態(tài)度，觀點12embrace/?m'bre?s/v.擁抱，抱13revision/r?'v??n/n.修訂，修改14decrease/d?'kri?s/v.減少，減小15conceive/k?n'si?v/v.想出，想象16crimp/kr?mp/v.妨礙……的發(fā)展17asset/'?set/n.有價值的事物；優(yōu)點18insist/?n's?st/v.堅決要求，堅持19underlying/??nd?'la?/adj.根本的，潛在的，隱含的20incidental/??ns?‘dentl/adj.次要的，非有意的，附帶發(fā)生的21track/tr?k/n.方向，路線22personalization/'p??s?n?la?ze??n/n.人格化，人性化23cue/kju?/n.暗示；提示；信號24coworker/'k???w??k?/n.同事25recalibrate/r?'k?l?bre?t/v.重新刻度，再校準26prioritize/pra?'?r?ta?z/v.按重要性排列，劃分優(yōu)先順序27bedrock/'bedr?k/n.基本原則，基本事實1

fallinto掉進，陷入e.g.Itisatrapthattoomanypeoplefallinto.2

managetodosth.設法做成某事e.g.Wemanagedtogettotheairportintime.3

attheexpenseof在犧牲……的情況下e.g.Hebuiltupthebusinessattheexpenseofhishealth.4

keeptrackof...記錄，與……保持聯(lián)系e.g.Theteacherwishestokeeptrackofthestudents’progress.5

getusedto...習慣于……e.g.Youwillsoongetusedtotheweatherhere.Diogenes/dai'?d?ini?z/第歐根尼，古希臘哲學家Greek/gri?k/希臘人1I’mnophilosopher,butafewweeksagoIdidmanagetowalkfull-speedintoatreewhilereadingabook.(Para.1)I’mnophilosopher意思是“我不是哲學家”，同Iamnotaphilosopher。but表示轉折，walkfull-speed意思是“以最快的速度走”。while是連詞，意思是“當……的時候”，后面接動詞時，要用-ing形式。2

It’simportanttogetthejobdonequickly,butnotattheexpenseofskippingcriticalfinaltouches.(Para.2)It’simportantto…中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式todosth.，getthejobdone是系動詞后面加上名詞再加動詞的過去分詞，表示“某事被做”。3Bytheirverynature,productmanagersaregoingtocatchthingsImiss,orwantthingsIwouldneverthinktoincludeinthefirstplace.(Para.4)catchthingsImiss中的Imiss是定語從句，修飾things，省略了關系詞that。Iwouldneverthinktoinclude同樣是省略了that的定語從句，修飾前面的things。inthefirstplace的意思是“首先、從一開始”。4

OnceIwasabletoembracetheirperspective,revisionroundsdecreased,Iwasabletogetmoredoneinlesstimeandworkwasmoresatisfying.(Para.4)Once在句子中作連詞，意思是“一旦”，wasableto意思是“能夠做”。getmoredoneinlesstime是get加上動詞的過去分詞，表示被動的意義。5

Almostnoonespendstheirwholecareerinoneplace,sogetusedtotheideathatyourpersonalapplecartwillbeupsetfromtimetotime.(Para.8)so在句子中作連詞，表示“因此、所以”。thatyourpersonalapplecartwillbeupsetfromtimetotime作theidea的同位語，進一步說明theidea的內容。upsettheapplecart是習慣用語，表示“打亂了某人的如意算盤、打亂了某人的計劃”。ReadTextAandcompletethefollowingtable.1Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheteamwork?123I’mperfect!InfactI’mnot.Listen!Teamworkstartswithopeningyourears.Nooneisbornorganized,butwecanalllearntomanageourassets.4Changeisn’tjustforpockets.Itcantakeyouwhereyouwanttogo.Answerthefollowingquestionsandthendiscusswithyourpartners.21

.Howdoestheauthorimprovehisworkwhenheworkswithaproductmanager?Theauthorquicklysawthebenefitinconsideringmyworkfromtheperspectiveoftheproductmanager.Oncehewasabletoembracetheirperspective,revisionroundsdecreased,hewasabletogetmoredoneinlesstimeandworkwasmoresatisfying2

.Whatwillyoumisswhenyoudon’tlistenduringaconversationormeeting?Ifyoudon’tlisten,youcrimpyourchancesofdoinggreatworkanddiscoveringnewthings3.Howdoyouthinkaboutworkingforanearlystagecompany?Workingforanearlystagecompanymeansthatthingswillnecessarilychangeinyourroleandyourcareerpath,whichisagoodthingPleasereadthe5thparagraphaloudandreciteit.3Greatcommunicationisvitalinanyorganization.Remembertolistentowhatisbeingsaidanddon’tjustwaittotalk.Staypresentduringconversations.Someofthebestideasareconceivedontheflybypeopleopentodiscoveringthemandtalkingthroughthings.Ifyoudon’tlisten,youcrimpyourchancesofdoinggreatworkanddiscoveringnewthings.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.41Trytoseethematterinadifferent___________.2Theresultsarewellworththe__________.3Thenumberofnewstudents_________from2,000to1,500thisyear.4Theserisksare__________totheworkofafirefighter.5He______thatshecometoday.6Sheisonthefast_______topromotion.7She__________hersonwarmly.8Theybelieve________GreeceandRomewereimportantsourceoflearning.expensedecreaseincidentalinsiststrackembraced

ancientperspective Add-th,mini-or-ivitytothefollowingwordstoformnewwordsandgivethecorrespondingChinesemeaningsofthenewwords.5AffixWordsNewWordsChineseMeanings-thyoungwidestrong-minivanbuswar-ivityproductcreateconductyouth年輕，青年width寬度strength力量minivan小型貨車minibus小型巴士miniwar小型戰(zhàn)爭productivity生產(chǎn)率creativity創(chuàng)造力conductivity傳導性Therearetwosentenceschosenfromthetext.ChoosethebestChinesetranslationforeachsentence.61It’simportanttogetthejobdonequickly,butnotattheexpenseofskippingcriticalfinaltouches.A.快速完成工作很重要，但是，不能以最后重要的潤色為代價。B.快速完成工作很重要，但是，不能以跳過最后重要的觸碰為代價。C.快速完成工作很重要，但是，不能以跳過最后重要的修飾潤色為代價。ATherearetwosentenceschosenfromthetext.ChoosethebestChinesetranslationforeachsentence.62Takecuesfromcoworkers,askforideasonhowtoorganizeyourself,butmostimportantlyconsideritapartofyourjob.A.從你的同事那里獲得線索，向別人征詢如何組織自己，最重要的是，你要把這些當成你工作的一部分。B.從你的同事那里獲得信息，向別人征詢安排自己的意見，最重要的是，你要把它當成你工作的一部分。C.從你的同事那里獲得線索，向別人征詢如何安排自己工作的意見，但是，最重要的是，你要把這些當成你工作的一部分。CCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththegivensentencestructures.7Itisimportanttodo...做……很重要e.g.Itisimportanttocommunicateinateam.在一個團隊里，溝通很重要。1____________________________________.（保持樂觀的心態(tài)很重要。）2____________________________________(認真聽別人講話很重要)inateam.3____________________________________.（向團隊成員學習很重要。）Itisimportanttobeoptimistic.Itisimportanttolistentootherinateam.Itisimportanttolearnfromcoworkersinateam.HaveaBreak—ClassicalAdvertisementsTheGlobebringsyoutheworldinasinglecopy.一冊在手，縱覽全球。（《環(huán)球》雜志廣告）Goodteeth,goodhealth.牙齒好，身體就好。（高露潔牙膏廣告）Extraordinarycola,extraordinarychoice.非常可樂，非常選擇。（可樂廣告）HeroMeetsHero.英雄識英雄。（招聘廣告）TextBExtensiveReadingPartⅢTextBExtensiveReading1-2TheTeamworkofAnimalKingdom11

“Ifyouwanttogofast,goalone.Ifyouwanttogofar,gotogether.”—Africanproverb2

2Teamworkcanbedescribedastheprocessofworkingcollaboratively3withagroupofpeopleinordertoachieveagoal.Wemaysaythathumanbeingismoreevolvedbecausehumancognitive4abilitiesaremuchhigherthanthatpresentintheanimalkingdom.However,therearecertainspecies5offauna6thatdisplay7

traits8,whichwecanlearnfromwhenitcomestoworkingasateam.向動物學習團隊合作“如果你想走得快，就自己走。如果你想走得遠，就和別人一起走?！薄侵拗V語團隊合作即為達成同一個目標，與其他人協(xié)同工作的過程。我們可能會說，人類的進化程度之所以最高，是因為人類的認知能力遠遠高于動物。不過，也有一些動物群展示出的特征，我們可以從中學習，以便更好地實現(xiàn)團隊合作。

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kingdom/'k??d?m/n.王國，領域★

proverb/'pr?v??b/n.諺語，格言

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collaboratively/k??l?b?r?t?v/adv.involving,ordoneby,severalpeopleorgroupsofpeopleworkingtogether合作地；協(xié)作地；協(xié)力地e.g.Hewasnotthekindofartistwhoworkedcollaboratively.他不是那種善于與人合作的藝術家?！?/p>

inorderto目的是；以便；為了e.g.Shearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.她早早到場，好找個好位置。★

cognitive/'k?gn?t?v/adj.認知的★

species/'spi??i?z/n.物種★

bedescribedas被描述成……；被稱作……e.g.Hischaractercouldbestbedescribedasodious.他的人格用可憎來形容最貼切?！?/p>

fauna

/'f??n?/n.（某地區(qū)或某時期的）動物群★

display

/d??sple?/v.toputsth.inaplacewherepeoplecanseeiteasily;toshowsth.topeople陳列；展出；展示~sth.tosb.n.anarrangementofthingsinapublicplacetoinformorentertainpeopleoradvertisesth.forsale陳列；展覽★

trait

/tre?t/n.aparticularqualityinyourpersonality（人的個性的）特征，特性，特點e.g.Creativityisahumantrait.創(chuàng)造力是人類的一種特性。

向貓鼬學習信任貓鼬生活在非洲極其危險的環(huán)境。他們采取了非常明智的生存戰(zhàn)略，這種策略建立在相互信任的基礎之上。分配一個成員去站崗放哨，而其他成員負責覓食。一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，它們會通知整個部族，使其有充足的時間逃離危險。PartⅢTextBExtensiveReading3TrustfromMeerkats9

3

MeerkatsliveinthedangerousconditionsofAfrica.Theyhaveadoptedaverysmartsurvival10

strategy11,whichisbasedon

mutual12trust.Onememberisassignedthejobofguardwhilethemob13feeds.Assoonastheyspotanydanger,theyalert14thewholeclan15,whichthenhasenoughtimetorunforsafety.★

meerkat/'m??k?t/n.（南非）海島貓鼬，蒙哥★

survival/s??va?vl/n.thestateofcontinuingtoliveorexist,oftendespitedifficultyordanger生存；存活；幸存e.g.Exportingisnecessaryforoureconomicsurvival.必須有出口，才能維持我們的經(jīng)濟。★

strategy/?str?t?d?i/n.aplanthatisintendedtoachieveaparticularpurpose策略；計策；行動計劃~fordoingsth.~todosth.e.g.todevelopastrategyfordealingwithunemployment制訂解決失業(yè)問題的對策It’sallpartofanoverallstrategytogainpromotion.這都不過是一個向上爬的完整計劃的一部分?！?/p>

bebasedon以……為基礎e.g.Actionshouldbebasedonsolidfacts.行動應有確鑿的事實為依據(jù)。★

mutual/?mju?t?u?l/adj.usedtodescribefeelingsthattwoormorepeoplehaveforeachotherequally,oractionsthataffecttwoormorepeopleequally相互的；彼此的e.g.mutualrespect/understanding相互的尊敬/理解★

mob/m?b/n.民眾，烏合之眾★

alert/?'l??t/v.使警惕，使戒備★

clan/kl?n/n.幫派，宗族PartⅢTextBExtensiveReading44

Similarly,trustineachotheristhemostbasicrequirement16inateam.Youcannotgroworachievemuchindividually17untilyoutrustyourteamandworktogether.同樣，相互信任也是團隊合作最基本的要求。除非你信任你的團隊和工作，否則你獨自一人不會成長或取得成就?！?/p>

requirement/r??kwa??m?nt/n.somethingthatyoumusthaveinordertodosth.else必要條件；必備的條件e.g.Whatistheminimumentrancerequirementforthiscourse?這個學程的基本入學條件是什么？★

individually/??nd??v?d?u?li/adv.separately,ratherthanasagroup分別地；單獨地；各別地e.g.Themanagerspoketothemallindividually.經(jīng)理逐一和他們個人談話。

向狼族學習溝通狼族擁有高度進化的社會結構，每個成員扮演不同的角色。從令人毛骨悚然的嚎叫到眼球的活動，它們利用每一個渠道進行交流。他們的觀察力非常敏銳，甚至可以察覺彼此行為動作最細微的變化。PartⅢTextBExtensiveReading5CommunicationfromWolves5

Wolveshaveahighlyevolvedsocialstructurewithrolesdefinedforeachmemberofthepack18.Theyuseeverychannelofcommunicationattheirdisposal19—rightfromtheirbone-chilling20

howl21toeyemovements.Theirpowerofobservation22ishoned23sofinelythattheyrecordeventhemostsubtle24changesineachother’sbehaviour.

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pack

/p?k/n.一群（動物或獵狗）

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disposal

/d?'sp??zl/n.去掉，處理

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chilling

/'t??l??/adj.令人恐懼的，令人害怕的★

howl

/ha?l/n.（狗、狼等的）長嚎★

observation

/??bz?'ve??n/n.觀察，觀測★

hone

/h??n/v.磨煉，訓練★

subtle

/'s?tl/adj.不易察覺的，不明顯的，微妙的PartⅢTextBExtensiveReading6-76

Thisisthekindofwaythatworkswondersinteamsaswell—understandeachotherwellandcommunicate.Conflict25

Resolution26fromChimpanzees27

7

Chimpanzees,whohavebeeninconflictwitheachotherataprevious28occasion,arelikelytobeneareachotherinaconflictagainstanother.Thiscloseproximity29allowstheexchangeofgrooming30,hugsandkisses,whichservestodiffusethechancesoffutureconflict.這是在團隊中創(chuàng)造奇跡的一種方式——相互理解，加強溝通。像黑猩猩學習解決沖突黑猩猩在前一個時期發(fā)生過沖突，很可能在對外沖突中互相靠近的。這種親密關系允許互相梳毛、擁抱和親吻，這樣有助于消除未來沖突的可能性。

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conflict

/'k?nfl?kt/n.沖突，爭執(zhí)

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resolution/?rez?'lu??n/n.解除，消除★

chimpanzee

/t??mp?n'zi/n.黑猩猩

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inconflictwith和……沖突e.g.Yourstatementisinconflictwiththerestoftheevidence.你的陳述同其余證據(jù)有矛盾。★

previous

/pri?vi?s/adj.happeningorexistingbeforetheeventorobjectthatyouaretalkingabout先前的；以往的e.g.Nopreviousexperienceisnecessaryforthisjob.這一工作無需相關的經(jīng)驗?！?/p>

belikelyto可能e.g.Remainatapriceorbelikelytorise.停在一個價位上或有可能上升?！?/p>

proximity/pr?k's?m?ti/n.靠近，接近★

grooming/'gru?m??/n.梳毛

PartⅢTextBExtensiveReading88

Sinceteamsarecomposed31ofpeoplewithdifferentpersonalities,therearealwayschancesofconflicthappeningoverdifferences.Wemustrememberthatconflictdoesnotonlyaffectthepeopleinvolved32intheargument,butalsotheentireteam,socreatingnegativity33.由于團隊是由不同性格的人組成的，所以很有可能因為分歧發(fā)生沖突。我們必