名詞性從句考查要點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對(duì)策略2024高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)小題大題微技能精析精練(新高考版)

07名詞性從句考查要點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對(duì)策略【考點(diǎn)精析】名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句?？键c(diǎn)1引導(dǎo)詞名詞性從句由不同的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo),從句一般保持陳述語(yǔ)序。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為3類(lèi):引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句that只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分,本身也沒(méi)有任何意義。該從句作主語(yǔ)通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將從句置于句末。Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidencethatplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.(同位語(yǔ)從句)Itissuggestedthatweshouldlimittheamountofcarstoimproveourenvironment.(主語(yǔ)從句)詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句wh-詞包括who、whom、whose、whoever、what、whatever、which、whichever等連接代詞和where、when、why等連接副詞。wh-詞既起連接作用,還可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)等。從句作主語(yǔ)也常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將wh-從句置于句末。ThestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakewhatProfessorJosephhadsaidcometrue.注意：(1)what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句what作連接代詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句既可以表示一個(gè)問(wèn)“什么……?”的問(wèn)題,也可以表示相當(dāng)于“名詞/代詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句”的結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“所……的事/物”,相當(dāng)于thething(s)that/which...。如:Thisiswhat(=thethingthat)wehavebeenlookingforwardtoforyears.(2)wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;而nomatterwh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoeverwinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.Nooneisallowedtobreaktheregulations,whoeverheis.、whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(1)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般用whether,不用if。Thequestioniswhethertechnologyisgoingtobeourservantorourmaster.(2)whether與if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)大多數(shù)情況下可以互換,但下列情況只能用whether:①后面直接跟ornot時(shí)用whetherTheynowhavetwoweekstodecidewhetherornottobuy.②用于介詞后引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)用whetherButifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.考點(diǎn)2主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句,通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。注意：it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有:(1)It+be+名詞+從句Itisafactthat...事實(shí)是……Itisgoodnewsthat...……是好消息Itisaquestionthat...……是個(gè)問(wèn)題Itiscommonknowledgethat...……是常識(shí)類(lèi)似的可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的詞還有:apity、awonder、agoodthing、nowonder、asurprise等。Itisgoodnewsthatourteamhaswonthechampionship.ItisapitythatIhavemissedawonderfulboxingmatch.(2)It+be+形容詞+從句Itisnecessarythat...有必要……Itisclearthat...很清楚……Itislikelythat...很可能……Itisimportantthat...重要的是……類(lèi)似的可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞還有:strange、natural、obvious、true、good、wonderful、possible、unlikely、unusual、certain、evident、worthwhile、surprising、interesting、astonishing等。Itislikelythatthegoodshavemetwithsomeaccidentontheway.Itisstrangethatheshouldhavegoneawaywithouttellingus.(3)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已證明……Itmustbepointedoutthat...必須指出……類(lèi)似的可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的過(guò)去分詞(詞組)還有:known、estimated、expected、believed、thought、hoped、noted、discussed、required、decided、suggested、demanded、madeclear、foundout等。Itisreportedthattheaffectedareaisunderfurtherdetailedinvestigation.Ithasbeenprovedthateverysubstance,nomatterwhatitis,ismadeupofatoms.考點(diǎn)3賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)的作用,既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)(作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)必須由wh-疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo))。的省略與否that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去。但如果是由and連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前的that不可省略。如:Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.2.句子的語(yǔ)序由who、whom、which、whose、what、when、where、why、how、whoever、whichever等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)注意從句的語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。例如:Canyouexplainwhyhedidn’tcometothepartylastSunday?注意：(1)think、believe、imagine、suppose等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的否定性賓語(yǔ)從句中,要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?即將從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。Idon’tthinkthefoodhereagreeswithme.Wedon’tbelievehestolemoneyfromtheshop.(2)動(dòng)詞doubt用在疑問(wèn)句或否定句中時(shí),其后賓語(yǔ)從句常用that作連接詞;用在肯定句中時(shí),連接詞用whether或if皆可,而不用that。Doyoudoubtthathewillwinthematch?Idon’tdoubtthathecandoagoodjobofit.Heoftendoubtswhether/ifheisadequateasafather.考點(diǎn)4表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句除了用that、what、when、why、whether、how等引導(dǎo)外,還可由because、asif(though)等引導(dǎo)。that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,無(wú)任何意義,只起連接作用,不可省略。Withouthissupport,wewouldn’tbewherewearenow.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichishowwearrived.Itlooksasifasandstormiscomingup.Thefactofthematteristhatmostpeopleconsumefarmoreproteinthantheyactuallyneed.注意：(1)whether可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,但與之同義的if不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。Thequestioniswhetherhewilljoinusnexttime.(2)Thatisbecause...指原因或理由。Thatiswhy...指由于各種原因所造成的后果。Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeitlastnight.(3)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.考點(diǎn)5同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)前面出現(xiàn)的名詞作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明,一般用連詞that引導(dǎo)。由于名詞的意義不同,也可用whether、who、when、where、what、why、how等引導(dǎo)。常見(jiàn)的后跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有fact、idea、belief、news、hope、conclusion、evidence、suggestion、order、problem、report、decision、word(消息)等。例如:Wecametothedecisionthatwemustactatonce.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Wedon’tunderstandtheproblemwhythisisthebestchoice.注意：that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that不充當(dāng)句子成分,且不可省略;that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句成分是殘缺的,that代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcome.聽(tīng)到他要來(lái)這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(news的內(nèi)容就是thathewillcome,故此處that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句)Wearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.聽(tīng)到他告訴我們的這個(gè)消息我們很高興。(that從句是限制thenews的內(nèi)容的,即我們高興只是因?yàn)樗嬖V的這個(gè)news而不是其他的news,故此處that從句為定語(yǔ)從句)特別提示：語(yǔ)法填空題名詞考法第一步判斷是否屬于名詞性從句。第二步判斷名詞性從句中的連接詞;若從句中缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),用連接代詞;若缺少狀語(yǔ)就用連接副詞;如果不缺少成分則要考慮意思是否完整,是否需要用whether/if;如果不缺少成分且意思完整則用that?！菊骖}演練】1.(2022·北京高考)It’seasytoexplainhowwedeterminewhethersmellsaredangerousornot:welearn.2.(2022·浙江高考)Asthechildrengotolder,theywouldgiveSantasomehints(提示)onwheretobuytheirpresents.3.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.4.(2022·浙江高考)Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakwhether/ifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersofthetime,theyagreed.5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.6.(2021·天津高考)WhatpuzzlesLily’sfriendsiswhyshealwayshassomanycrazyideas.7.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.8.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.9.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.10.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.11.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Whatissobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.12.(2021·北京高考)Thepoorwomanwasn’tabletogivehimanyinformationaboutwhereshelived.【考點(diǎn)精練】一、完成句子1.Itlooksourteamwinthegame.看起來(lái)好像我們隊(duì)要贏(yíng)得比賽了。2.我們都承認(rèn)他是一位英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。(一句多譯)Weallrecognizedthat.Weallrecognizedhim.Hewasrecognized.3.Eventhoughthesunisbrightlyshining,.即使陽(yáng)光明媚，也無(wú)法分辨是早上還是晚上。4.如何對(duì)待成功和失敗會(huì)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生很重要的影響。Howwereacttosuccessandfailuregreattoourlife.5.這位母親真正擔(dān)心的是將來(lái)她的兒子是否能適應(yīng)社會(huì)。（主語(yǔ)從句）iswhetherhersonwilladapthimselftosocietyinthefuture.6.在馬克思的一本書(shū)中，他就如何學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)提出了一些建議。Inoneofhisbooks,Marxgavesomeadviceon.7.我們學(xué)校的每個(gè)學(xué)生在課堂上能使用電腦是可能的。everystudentinourschoolshoulduseacomputerinclass.8.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，如果你有任何困難的話(huà)，我們會(huì)幫助你的。youwillbehelpedbyusifyouhaveanydifficulties.9.因此，他們的傳統(tǒng)食物是他們所能在篝火上烹飪的食物。Asa,theirtraditionalfoodstheycancookoveranopenfire.10.讓這所學(xué)校自豪的是超過(guò)百分之九十的學(xué)生都被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取。morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.11.Ibecomeapersonifyoudon’tknowwhereyoucomefrom.我認(rèn)為如果你不知道自己來(lái)自哪里就不知道自己的身份。12.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。Shealwaysthinksof.13.通過(guò)觀(guān)察人們的肢體語(yǔ)言，我們可以了解他們?cè)谙胧裁础?賓語(yǔ)從句)Wecanlearnalotaboutbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.14.Oneofhisproblemsis.他的問(wèn)題之一是他沒(méi)有時(shí)間加入我們。15.讓我印象最深刻的是所有醫(yī)護(hù)人員和志愿者的奉獻(xiàn)精神。mostwasthedevotionofallthemedicalworkersandvolunteers.16.我相信所有人都可以對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。（it作形式主語(yǔ)）canmakeadifferencetosociety.17.neednotberightforothers.對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是對(duì)的東西,對(duì)別人來(lái)說(shuō)未必正確。18.我能聽(tīng)到有聲音，卻聽(tīng)不清他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么。Iheardvoices,butcouldn’t.19.Mysuggestioniswe(should)payavisittoourteachertomorrow.我的建議是我們明天去看望一下我們的老師。20.Itseemshelicoptersweredeliveringallkindsofsuppliestothedisasterarea.看起來(lái)，直升機(jī)好像正在向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)運(yùn)送各種物資。21.他在會(huì)議上講的話(huà)令我很驚訝。surprisedmealot.22.去拿你的物理書(shū),它就在小臥室里你放的那個(gè)地方。Goandgetyourphysicalbook;itis.23.Itlookstheexperimentinunderwaterexploration.看起來(lái)好像他們?cè)谒绿綔y(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中已經(jīng)取得了成功。24.據(jù)估計(jì)，他們能在一周內(nèi)給我們答復(fù)。theycangiveustheiranswerswithinaweek.25.他們是否會(huì)成功還不清楚。hasn'tbeenmadeclear.26.我認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該為他做的事向我道歉。Ithinkheshouldhedid.27.盡管這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)采取了不同的方法解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，他們最終都成功了。(despite)thethreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem,theyallsucceededintheend.28.眾所周知，看電視可以使我們放松身體，拓寬視野，還可以豐富我們的生活。isknowntousalliswatchingTVmayrelaxourbody,andenrichourlife.29.wasthattheloudnoiseoutsidedisturbedmymind.使我惱火的是外面的嘈雜聲使我心煩意亂。30.人們往往認(rèn)為這個(gè)問(wèn)題絕不會(huì)影響到他們。Peoplewillneveraffectthem.31.據(jù)估計(jì)，修理這所房子將花費(fèi)我們3000美元。(estimate)therepairstothehousewillcostus3,000dollars.32.人們普遍認(rèn)為水資源對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)極其重要。(acknowledge)waterresourcesareofvitalimportancetous.(2022全國(guó)甲寫(xiě)作)33.有助于促進(jìn)我們的合作的是首先達(dá)成協(xié)議。ourcooperationistomakeanagreementfirst.二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子34.Thereasonwhyhewassenttothehospitalwashewasill.35.Itisaproblemtheywillsupportus.36.Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanythinginreturn.37.Weallmissyouandareverygratefulforyoudidforuswhenweweretogether.38.Inwinter,thesemountainsarecoveredinsheetsofwhitefrost.Thisistheterraceslooklike.39.Itispossiblecaffeinemaycausebirthdefects(缺陷)inhumans,too.40.AsfarasIamconcerned,madehimpanicwasthathispersonalinformationwasletoutbyothersonline.41.Asamemberofsociety,Iamawarethatbeingresponsibleisittakestomakeabettersociety.42.Theseflowershavedied.Youhavewateredthem.43.Heaskedhewastolockthecarorleaveitunlocked.44.Itisyouhavedonethatmakesadifference.45.HaveyoueveraskedyourselfpeopleoftenhavetroublelearningEnglish?46.hesaidnothingatthemeetingmademeverydisappointed.47.Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.48.Somechildrenwanttoimprovethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom________theirparentsspeakathome.49.—Whatmadeherparentssoangry?—shehadfailedintheexamination.50.Thereisnodoubtthewoodenchairismuchstrongerthantheplasticoneyouboughtyesterday.51.PleasebeawareyouwillnotreceivethissmartcardduringWelcomeWeekifyoudonotuploadyourimageonlineby4September2020.52.Itbecamepopularforitseaseofuse,andeventuallyprogressedintowenowconsidertobethestandardscript.53.—Hepromisedhe(attend)themeetingontime.Iamatalosswhathappened.—Itdoesn’tmatter.Wearestartingwithouthim.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）54.Doyouthinkitispossibletofindouttheseborrowedwordsarefrom?55.Itismybeliefpainfulmemorieswillfadewithtimegoingby.56.Itshouldrevealinformationabouticebergsaffecttheirsurroundingsby,forexample,dumpingfreshwaterintotheoceanastheymelt.57.Menusuallygostraighttotheywantandleavequicklywhenshopping.58.Itisbelievedhumanbeingscanwalkintheuniverseinthefuture.59.Hesaidthateveryoneshouldgetequalpay.ThatisIdisagree.60.Ithinkhe'llbeallrightinafewdays.61.Pleaseputthemedicineonthetopoftheshelf.It’sourchildrencan’treachit.62.Itisgenerallybelievedcommunicationskillsarebecomingwhatittakestobeagooddoctor.63.Inthechaosandconfusionaftertheattack,theUSNavysentamessagetohisfamilyLouishadbeenkilledintheattack.三、單項(xiàng)選擇64.Beinguniqueshouldbeencouragedbecausethat’smakesoursocietyasociety.A.that B.what C.who D.which65.I’dliketoworkwith________ishonestandeasytogetonwith.A.who B.whoeverC.whomever D.nomatterwho66.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.A.that B.which C.what D.how67.Thereisnodoubt__________thetemperaturegoesdown,metal____________.A.that...contacts B.whether...contrasts C.thatwhen...contracts D.when...contracts68.Is_______anydoubt_____Jenniferwillcometoseemethisweekendasusual.A.it;that B.it;whether C.there;that D.there;whether69.Thisdevotionandhardworkis________weseereflectedwithinhisphotos.A.that B.whether C.how D.what70.Thereason______Ididn’tgotoShanghaiwas______Igotanewjob.A.why;because B.why;thatC.that;because D.that;that71.—Itoldyouthathewouldgoabroad.—ActuallyIhadlittledoubt______itwastrue.A.whether B.when C.that D.how72.I’vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage________themeetingwon’tbeheldtomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which73.I’llgivetheprizeto_______finishestheworkfirst.A.whoever B.whomever C.who D.anyone74.Heaskedme______________.A.whenwouldIcomebackB.whyIdidn’tattendthemeetingC.howmuchdidIpayforthemobilephoneD.whomwasIgoingtothecinemawith75.Pickyourselfupfrom________youfellandcorrectyourmistake________youmadeit.A.how,where B.where,where C.how,how D.where,how76.—Myfathersaid:"Iwenttoseeyouyesterdaybutdidnotmeetyouthere."—Myfathersaidtomethat________________.A.hehadcometoseemethedaybeforebuthadn'tmetmethere.B.hecametoseemethatdaybuthadnotmetmehere.C.hehadcometoseemethedaybeforeyesterdaybuthadn'tmetmehere.D.hecametoseemethelastdaybutdidn'tmeetmethere.77.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggrey.A.what B.that C.which D.while78.________femalecollegegraduatesgetajobappearstoberatherdifficultnowadays.A.Why B.What C.whether D.That79.Atpresent,heisbusywritingabook_______hecallsthetripofhislife.A.inthat B.onwhat C.inwhich D.inwhat80.Thispictureexhibitionheldintheschoolartgallerywillrevealtous_________whenitwasfounded135yearsago.A.howourschoollookedlike B.whatdidourschoollooklikeC.whatourschoollookedlike D.howdidourschoollooklike81.Thestorygoes________ErnestShackletonplannedtocrossAntarcticafromtheWeddellSeatotheRossSeaandmore5,000menappliedtojointheexpedition.A.that B.which C.where D.when82.She’s________isknownasanosyperson—sheisalwaysdyingtoknowwhat’sgoingoninothers’lives.A.what B.whoC.which D.that83.Thedemand________theworkersaskforhigherwagesseemedreasonable.A.that B.what C.which D.when84.Studentsshowgreatinterestin________ProfessorWilliampresentstotheminhisclass.A.whichever B.wherever C.whatever D.however85.After＿＿＿seemedahopelesswait,fourcoal-minerstrappedintheminefor125hourswerefinallyrescuedinHeilongjiangProvince.A.when B.that C.it D.what86.Manynetizensareimpressedwiththeexcusegivenbyateacherforquittingherjob______sheowestheworldavisit.A.because B.that C.where D.why87.Hecamehereinthehopehecouldlearnaboutthecauseoftheaccident.A.which B.how C.that D.what88.Hestartedtowritehisessay,safeintheknowledge________hewouldn’tbedisturbedforawholeday.A.whether B.what C.that D.when89.Theyknewnothingaboutthewar_______theyheardfromtheradio.A.besides B.exceptC.exceptwhat D.exceptfor90.Asimplerestaurantwas________heusuallyhadthesamemealofsausages,eggsandcoffee.A.how B.that C.what D.where91.―Linda,couldyoutellme________Paris?―Sure.LastSaturday.A.whenMr.Johnsonleft B.whenMr.JohnsonwillleaveC.whendidMr.Johnsonleave D.whenwillMr.Johnsonleave92.Byreadingthestory,youmayunderstand______tobesuccessful.A.ittakeswhat B.youtakewhat C.whattakesyou D.whatittakes93.________tobecomewasuncertainuntilIwasfifteenwhenIenteredhighschool.A.WhatdidIwant B.WhatwantedC.WhatIwanted D.Whatitwas94.Idon'tknow________shecanfinishtheworkbyherselfornot.A.whether B.what C.who D.if95.—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea_____________hedidit;that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.A.when B.whyC.that D.how96.Itwas______wasadvertisedonTV______mademanycustomersbuywhattheymightnotneed.A.what;what B.which;thatC.what;that D.that;what97.WhenItrytounderstand________thatpreventssomanychildrenfrombeinghappy,thereseemtobethreecauses.A.whyitis B.whatitdoesC.whyitdoes D.whatitis四、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheBritishhavebeendrinkingteaforover350years.Butinfact,thehistoryofteagoesmuch98(far)back.ThestoryofteabeginsinChina.Accordingtothelegend,theChineseemperorShenNungwassitting99atreewhilehisservantboileddrinkingwater,whensomeleavesfromthetreeblewintothewater.ShenNung,100expertinherbalmedicine,decidedtotrythewaterhisservantcreated.Asaresult,ittastedsogoodthatlaterthedrinkwas101wenowcalltea.Itis102(possible)toknowwhetherthereisanytruthinthisstory.103,teadrinkingcertainlywasestablishedinChinamanycenturiesbeforeithadevenbeenheardofinthewest.Containersoftea104(find)intombsdatingfromtheHandynasty(206BC-220AD)beforeteawasfirmlyestablishedasthenationaldrinkofChinaintheTangdynasty(618-906AD).Itbecame105afavoritethingthatduringthelateeighthcentury,awriter106(call)LuYuwrotethefirstbookentirelyabouttea,theCh’aChing,orTeaClassic.ItwasshortlyafterthisthatteawasfirstintroducedtoJapan,byJapaneseBuddhistmonkswhohadtravelledtoChinatostudybefore.TeadrinkinghasbecomeavitalpartofJapaneseculture,107mayberootedinthespritdescribedintheCh’aChing.參考答案一、1.asifisgoingto【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意，第一空應(yīng)用短語(yǔ)asif，表示“好像”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，第二空應(yīng)用begoingtodosth.，表示“將要做某事”，表示動(dòng)作即將發(fā)生，為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句主語(yǔ)ourteam是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故填①asif，②isgoingto。2.hewasawiseleaderas/tobeawiseleaderasawiseleaderbyusall【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞固定搭配和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意以及所給的Weallrecognizedthat可知第一空應(yīng)為賓語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)與主句一致，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以“他是一位英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”可表達(dá)為hewasawiseleader。所以第一空填hewasawiseleader。此外，recognize的固定搭配recognizesbas...或recognizesbtobe...“承認(rèn)某人是……”也符合句意。此句可翻譯為Weallrecognizedhimas/tobe

awiseleader。句子Weallrecognizedhimasawiseleader.由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Hewasrecognizedasawiseleaderbyusall.也符合句意，berecognizedas意為“被承認(rèn)為”。所以第三空填asawiseleaderbyusall。故空①填hewasawiseleader；空②填as/tobeawiseleader；空③填asawiseleaderbyusall。3.tellingwhetheritismorningornightisimpossible【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句意可知，句子是描述一個(gè)事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，空處缺少“無(wú)法分辨是早上還是晚上”，“分辨”使用動(dòng)詞tell，此處作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，“是早上還是晚上”用whether...or引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，作tell的賓語(yǔ)，譯為whetheritismorningornight，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is，用形容詞impossible“不可能的”作表語(yǔ)，故填tellingwhetheritismorningornightisimpossible。4.makesadifference【解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是指“對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生很重要的影響”，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及語(yǔ)境可知，要用“makeadifference”，意為“有影響”。分析句子可知，Howwereacttosuccessandfailure是主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)從句時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，故填(1).makes

(2).a

(3).difference。5.Whatreallyworriesthemother【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意和提示可知，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)用What引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。worry為動(dòng)詞，意為“使······擔(dān)心”。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是從句時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句中的be動(dòng)詞is可知，這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填Whatreallyworriesthemother。6.howtolearnaforeignlanguage【解析】考查疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)句意可知表示“如何學(xué)習(xí)”用howtolearn；表示“一門(mén)外語(yǔ)”用aforeignlanguage。作learn的賓語(yǔ)。疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式作on的賓語(yǔ)。故答案為howtolearnaforeignlanguage。7.Itispossiblethat

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主語(yǔ)從句。由句意可知，本句表現(xiàn)在的情況，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“everystudentinourschoolshoulduseacomputerinclass”是真正主語(yǔ)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整且不缺任何意義，由只起連接作用that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，為了避免頭重腳輕，用It作形式主語(yǔ)，主句系動(dòng)詞is，主句表語(yǔ)possible。故填I(lǐng)tispossiblethat。8.Thereisnodoubtthat【解析】考查固定句型。結(jié)合句意“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”可知句型為T(mén)hereisnodoubtthat，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。故填Thereisnodoubtthat。9.resultarewhat【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思提示可知，該句第一空為固定短語(yǔ)asaresult“因此”，滿(mǎn)足句意要求；該句第二空為連詞what引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，從句動(dòng)詞cook后缺少賓語(yǔ)成分，主語(yǔ)traditionalfoods為復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以系動(dòng)詞為are。故分別填result；are；what。10.Whatmadetheschoolproudwasthat【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，該句主句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，“...是...”；表示“讓這所學(xué)校自豪的”應(yīng)使用what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句并在從句中做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“讓...驕傲”使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)make...proud；根據(jù)下文“hadbeenadmitted”該空主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be和主語(yǔ)從句make應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示“過(guò)百分之九十的學(xué)生都被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取”在句中作表語(yǔ)，陳述句句意完整成分齊全，應(yīng)使用只起連接作用而無(wú)實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。因此答案為：Whatmadetheschoolproudwasthat。11.don’tthinkyou【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think，主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來(lái)。故填don’tthinkyou。12.howshecanworkwell【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句及其語(yǔ)序。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思及分析句子可知，設(shè)空處為賓語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。how表示“如何”為連接副詞，she表示“她”為主語(yǔ)，can表示“能”，work“工作”，副詞well，意為“好”，修飾動(dòng)詞，所以設(shè)空處填howshecanworkwell。故填howshecanworkwell。13.whatpeoplearethinking【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。此處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，指事情，用what引導(dǎo)；從句主語(yǔ)為people，表示“想”應(yīng)用think，此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填whatpeoplearethinking。14.thathehasnotimetojoinus【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句。表示“他”應(yīng)用he；表示“沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事”應(yīng)用havenotimetodosth.；表示“加入”應(yīng)用join；表示“我們”應(yīng)用us；空前為系動(dòng)詞is，空處引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句，從句不缺成分，需用連接詞that引導(dǎo)，結(jié)合“is”可知，此處使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為he，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故填thathehasnotimetojoinus。15.Whatimpressedme【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，句子為主語(yǔ)從句，“_______________most”在句中作主語(yǔ)，“impress”意為“給……留下深刻印象”，動(dòng)詞詞性，“impresssb.”意為“給某人留下深刻印象”，應(yīng)用“what”引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指事物，句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)，根據(jù)句意和句中“was”可知，句子陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，“impress”的過(guò)去式為“impressed”，空格處應(yīng)填“Whatimpressedme”。故填Whatimpressedme。16.Itismybeliefthatallhumanbeings【解析】考查名詞性從句。結(jié)合提示用it作形式主語(yǔ)，可知用固定句型“Itisone’sbeliefthat…”，表示“某人認(rèn)為……，某人相信……”?！拔蚁嘈拧本头g為Itismybeliefthat...，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)從句，從句中主語(yǔ)“所有人”譯為allhumanbeings。故答案為：Itismybeliefthatallhumanbeings。17.Whatisrightforus【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句中neednotbe是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，該句是復(fù)合句，是主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)；“對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是對(duì)的東西”的英文表達(dá)是Whatisrightforus，主語(yǔ)從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞，也缺少主語(yǔ)，所以從句由連接代詞what引導(dǎo)，位于句首，且大寫(xiě)開(kāi)頭。故答案為Whatisrightforus。18.makeoutwhattheyweresaying【解析】考查短語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，空白處的內(nèi)容為“聽(tīng)不清他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么”。表示“弄明白，搞清楚”用短語(yǔ)makeout，位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞couldn’t后，用動(dòng)詞原形，其后跟的內(nèi)容為賓語(yǔ)從句，所以從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，從句的動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行，所以用whattheyweresaying，故填makeoutwhattheyweresaying。19.that【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“Mysuggestion”為主語(yǔ)，is是系動(dòng)詞，所以空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句句意完整，且不缺少任何成分，應(yīng)用無(wú)任何意義只起連接作用的that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，故填that。20.asif【解析】考查連接詞。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知，好像為“asif”，后接句子，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。故填asif。21.Whathesaidatthemeeting【解析】考查名詞性從句。表示“他在會(huì)議上講的話(huà)”可用what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)，連接代詞what引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，意為“……的事物”；根據(jù)句意和后文surprised可知，此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句中用陳述語(yǔ)序，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“在會(huì)議上”為介詞短語(yǔ)atthemeeting，大寫(xiě)句子首字母，結(jié)合其他漢語(yǔ)提示，故填Whathesaidatthemeeting。22.whereyouputitinthelittlebedroom【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，空處應(yīng)表示“在小臥室里你放的那個(gè)地方”，根據(jù)空前itis可知，應(yīng)為where引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，你放它譯為“youputit”，在小臥室里譯為“inthelittlebedroom”結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，陳述過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，where引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句在句中做狀語(yǔ)。故填whereyouputitinthelittlebedroom。23.asiftheyhavesucceededin【解析】考查asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。結(jié)合句意可知缺少“好像他們已經(jīng)在......取得了成功”，用asif引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中主語(yǔ)是they，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞用have，用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)succeedin(doing)sth.，意為：成功做了某事，succeed的過(guò)去分詞是succeeded。故填asiftheyhavesucceededin。24.Itisestimatedthat【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)翻譯可知，空處需填表示“據(jù)估計(jì)”的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，因?yàn)榭蘸蟾送暾木渥樱士梢杂胕t作形式主語(yǔ)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示，“估計(jì)”用動(dòng)詞estimate表示，描述現(xiàn)在的情況用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“it”和“estimate”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，“據(jù)估計(jì)”表示為itisestimated，句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)tisestimatedthat。25.Whethertheywillsucceed【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“他們是否會(huì)成功”做主語(yǔ)，寫(xiě)成whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，whether表示“是否”，單詞位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)，應(yīng)用Whether，根據(jù)句意可知，成功這個(gè)動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為“they”，意為“他們”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為willsucceed，意為“將要成功”，故填Whethertheywillsucceed。26.apologizetomeforwhat【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句。表示“因?yàn)椤蚰橙说狼浮庇枚陶Z(yǔ)apologizetosb.forsth.，結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)提示及空前“heshould”可知，空處動(dòng)詞用原形。句中“hedid”為介詞for的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，指物，所以用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，故填apologizetomeforwhat。27.Despitethefactthat【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)翻譯及提示可知，空處需填表示“盡管”的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，despite是介詞，后面不能直接跟句子作賓語(yǔ)，可以表示為despitethefactthat，其中that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明thefact的內(nèi)容，thefact作despite的賓語(yǔ)。故填Despitethefactthat。28.Whatthatbroadenourmind【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和固定短語(yǔ)。對(duì)比中英文句子可知，最后三空意為“拓寬視野”，是固定短語(yǔ)broadenone’smind，由ourbody可知，此處是broadenourmind，may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后跟動(dòng)詞原形；“isknowntousall”是主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此第一空用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)；is后是表語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，且句子意思完整，因此第二空用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。故填What，that，broaden，our，mind。29.Whatmademeannoyed【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“was”可知，句子使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示“使我惱火”應(yīng)用makemeannoyed；表示“使我惱火的是”應(yīng)用whatmademeannoyed，what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，位于句首，首字母需大寫(xiě)。故填Whatmademeannoyed。30.tendtothinkthattheproblem【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)可知，句子在描述通常存在的狀態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)宜用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且句子是主從復(fù)合句，含有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句?？仗幈硎尽巴J(rèn)為這個(gè)問(wèn)題”，“往往”可用固定短語(yǔ)tendtodosth.，“認(rèn)為”可用動(dòng)詞think，“這個(gè)問(wèn)題”可用theproblem，theproblem和空后的內(nèi)容組成的句子成分和語(yǔ)義完整，應(yīng)用連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作think的賓語(yǔ)。故可填tendtothinkthattheproblem。31.Itisestimatedthat【解析】考查固定句型。對(duì)比中英文句子可知，空格處意為“據(jù)估計(jì)”，是固定句型Itisestimatedthat...，其中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that從句是主語(yǔ)從句，故填I(lǐng)tisestimatedthat。32.Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知，該句應(yīng)為固定句型Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat…“人們普遍認(rèn)為……”，滿(mǎn)足句意要求。it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為that從句。故填I(lǐng)tiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthat。33.Whathelpstofacilitate【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)中文句子可知，“有助于”可用動(dòng)詞help表示，“促進(jìn)”可用動(dòng)詞facilitate表示；因所給句已經(jīng)有動(dòng)詞is，故“有助于促進(jìn)我們的合作”充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句，使用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填Whathelpstofacilitate。二、34.that【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：他被送到醫(yī)院的原因是他病了。分析句子可知，句子為表語(yǔ)從句，空格處單詞用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句，從句中不缺成分且意義完整，故應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)從句，只起連接作用，構(gòu)成“Thereason…wasthat…”，意為“……的原因是……”。故填that。35.whether【解析】考查連詞：句意：他們是否支持我們還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，句中的it是個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)，代替空格后面的主語(yǔ)從句，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)連詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且意義為“是否”。故填whether。36.whatever【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：待在村里時(shí)，他無(wú)私地和村名民們分享了自己擁有的一切，不求任何回報(bào)。分析可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合unselfishly和withoutaskingforanythinginreturn可知，此處指分享了自己擁有的一切，指物，故用whatever引導(dǎo)。故填whatever?！军c(diǎn)睛】37.what【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們都很想念您，非常感謝您與我們?cè)谝黄饡r(shí)為我們所做的事。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指事，表示“……的事”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。故填what。38.what【解析】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：在冬天，這些山峰被一層白霜覆蓋。這就是梯田的樣子。Thisis......引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)從句theterraceslooklike缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以連詞用what做賓語(yǔ)并補(bǔ)充含義“所……的樣子?！惫侍顆hat。39.that【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：咖啡因也有可能導(dǎo)致人類(lèi)的出生缺陷。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，it作形式主語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。故填that。40.what【解析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：就我而言，令他恐慌的是，他的個(gè)人信息被其他人在網(wǎng)上泄露了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)從句。故填what。41.what【解析】考查名詞性從句連接詞。句意：作為社會(huì)的一員，我知道有責(zé)任是使社會(huì)更美好的必要條件。從句部分是表語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，且指物，這里填what做ittakes的賓語(yǔ)。故填what。42.should【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些花兒死了，你本應(yīng)該給它們澆水的。shouldhavedone表示“本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做某事”，故填should。43.whether【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：他問(wèn)是把汽車(chē)鎖上還是不鎖。固定搭配：whether…or…“是……還是……”，此處是連詞whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。故填whether。