河南省信陽市2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

2020—2021學(xué)年度高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（測試時間：120分鐘卷面總分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在本試卷相應(yīng)的位置。2.全部答案在答題卡上完成,答在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whencanthewomantalktothemanager?A.Thisafternoon. B.Thisevening. C.Tomorrowmorning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whencouldourmanagertalktome?M:Nottoday.Hewon’tbefreeuntil5:40thisafternoon.Youcanetomorrowmorning.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattoeat. B.Whentowork. C.Wheretoeat.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyouliketoeathereordoyouwanttotrythenewrestaurant?W:We’dbettereathere.Wehavetogobacktoworkinanhour.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Goandjointheparty. B.Holdapartytonight. C.Buyagift.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyouliketojoinusforapartytonight?M:I’dliketo.Butwhat’stheoccasion?IwonderifIshouldbringagiftforit.W:Oh,no.It’sonlyasimplegettogether.Everythingisready.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whichbookhasthewomanbought?A.Themathbook. B.Thehistorybook. C.TheEnglishbook.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouboughtthebooks?W:I’vegotmyEnglishbook,butnotmathandhistory.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn'twantthetoothpaste.B.Shewillreceivethetoothpaste.C.Shewantstochangethetoothpaste.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hello!MayIspeaktoMrs.White?W:Speaking.M:ThisisSparklepany.Youareoneoftheluckyhousewiveschosentoreceiveourfreetoothpaste.W:That’sveryniceofyou.ButI’drathergoonusingwhatI’vealwaysused.Thanksanyway.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howmucharethetwotickets?A.5pounds. B.8pounds. C.10pounds.7.Whenshouldthewomancollectthetickets?ABefore5:30pmonSaturday.B.Before8:30amonSunday.C.Before8:00pmonSunday.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Iwanttoseethenewfilm.HaveyougotanyticketsforthefilmIsleofDogsthisSundayevening?M:Therearetwotimesavailable,6:00or8:30pm.Whichwouldyouprefer?W:Twoticketsfor8:30,please.M:Allright.Twoticketsat5poundseachforSunday,8:30pm.Couldyoutellmeyourname?W:Yes.EmilySmith.M:Thankyou.Canyoucollecttheticketsbefore8:00pmthatday?W:Yes,ofcourse.Thankyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Doingasurvey. B.Askingfordirections. C.Repairingherwatch.9.WhereistheShellBuilding?A.Oppositethepostoffice. B.Nexttothepostoffice. C.Behindthepostoffice.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,isthereaplacenearbywhereIcangetmywatchrepaired?M:There’sawatchshoponWashingtonStreet.DoyouknowwhereWashingtonStreetis?W:Oh,yes.Now,whereisitonWashingtonStreet?M:It’sintheShellBuilding.W:Oh?Whichoneisthat?M:It’sthatbigglassbuildingjustnexttothepostoffice.Youcan’tmissit.W:Bytheway,doyouknowwhichflooritison?M:Onthegroundfloornexttotheentrance.W:OK,thanks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersprobably?A.Students. B.Doctors. C.Teachers.11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Noiseintheoffice. B.Anewmeetingroom. C.Thestoryofastudent.12.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Askingforameetingroom.B.TalkingtoDavidimmediately.C.HelpingDavidwithhiscourse.【答案】10.C11.A12.A【解析】【原文】W:Sam,doyouhaveaminute?M:Sure,Jenny.What’sup?W:Well,Iwanttotalktoyouaboutthesituationintheoffice.M:I’mnotthereveryoften.It’ssonoisythatIcan’twork.W:That’sexactlywhatIamthinking.We’resupposedtodoourclasspreparationinthatoffice,butDavidoftenhasstudentseintogethelpwithhiscourse.M:Wecan’treallyaskhimtostophavingstudentseinforhelp,canwe?W:No,ofcoursenot.ButI’mnotabletodomyworkandneitherareyou.Iimagineit’sthesamefortheothersintheoffice.M:Hmm...maybewecouldaskforameetingroom.Whenwehavetotalktostudents,wecouldgotothemeetingroom.W:Goodidea.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whenwillthewomanpresent?A.OnSeptember7. B.OnSeptember8. C.OnSeptember9.14.WhatdidKarenaskabout?A.Thetimeofthemeeting.B.Theinformationaboutthehotel.C.Thechangeoftheschedule.15.Howwillthemaninformeveryoneofthedetails?A.Byphone. B.Byemail. C.Byletter.16.Whatwillthewomandointheafternoon?A.MeetKaren. B.Writeseveralreports. C.Preparehersupper.【答案】13.C14.B15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mark.Canyougivemesomedetailsaboutthemeetingnextmonth?M:OK.I’llhelpifIcan.W:Well,accordingtotheschedule,whenamIpresenting?M:YourpresentationisonTuesday,8thSeptemberat10am.IsthatOK?W:Wednesdayat10wouldbebetterforme.M:Fine.I’IIchangeyourtimetoWednesday.W:Thanks.Whataboutthehotel?M:EveryoneisstayingintheManor.W:I’IItellKaren.Sheaskedmethismorning.M:I’mgoingtosendeverybodyanemailwiththemeetingdetails,probablyattheendofnextweek.PleasetellKaren.W:OK,I’llletherknow.Infact,wearemeetinglatertodayat4pmsoIcantellherthen.M:Soanyplansfortherestofthemorning?W:Notreally.I’mjustgoingtofinishafewreportsandthenit’slunchtime.M:Soundsgood.Thanksforyourcall.Youcangetfurtherinformationbyemail.W:OK.Thanks.Bye.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisthefirstrulethespeakergives?A.Getourbodyready. B.Wearfortableclothes. C.Neverdotoomuchexercise.18.Whatshouldwedobeforeexercising?A.Restalittlebit. B.Drinksomewater. C.Dowarmupexercises.19.Whatshouldwedoifwefeelbackachewhileexercising?A.Keepmoving. B.Stopatonce. C.Restfor2minutes.20.Howmanyrulesdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.5. B.4. C.3.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Hi.there!I’mNancyCollins,andI’mveryhappytosharesometimewithyou.So,youwanttokeepfit,right?Well,yousurelyetotherightplace.Togetherwecansucceedinkeepingfitandhealthy.It’seasy.Everybodycandoit.Wejustneedtorememberthefollowingrules.NumberOne,alwayswearfortableclothesandshoeswhenexercising.Youneedtofeelfortableandrelaxed.NumberTwo,youshouldalwaysdosomewarmupexercisesfirst.Thisistogetyourbodyreadyfortherealthing.NumberThree,nevertrytodotoomuchexercisetoosoon.Takeiteasy.Thereisnorushaboutthis.NumberFour,don’tforgettorelaxforabout5minuteswhenyou’vefinishedyourexercise.Youneedtorestalittlebitafteryou’vebeenexercising.Andhereisthegoldenrule.NumberFive,stopatonceifyoufeelanypaininyourback,neck,oranypartofyourbody.第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號涂黑。ATheMiddlerbyKirstyApplebaumElevenyearoldMaggielivesinFennisWick,enclosedandprotectedfromtheoutsideworld.HerbrotherJedistheeldest,ahero.HeryoungerbrotherisTrig—everyonelovesTrig.ButMaggie'sjustamiddler；sheisleftbehind.Inthisbook,weexperiencethesadnessofbeingtheforgottenmiddlechild,thechildwithnovoice,eveninherownfamily.DennisinJurassicBarkbyNigelAuchterlounieBeanotownisintroubleagain,andthistimethedangerisJurassic!Dennis，latestadventureisfilledwithfun,includingVikings,Victoriansandsoon,alongwithpuzzlesforyoutofinish.CanyouhelpDennissaveBeanotownfromtheprehistoricinvasion?LittleBookforBigChangesbyKarenNgandKirstenLiepmannIncludingmorethan100activities,tryouts,games,puzzlesandtips,LittleBookforBigChangesoffersfunandcreativewaystobringpeopletogethertohelpchangetheworld.Understandmoreaboutbigproblemsintheworldsuchasinequalityandclimatechange,andbeempoweredtohelpmaketheworldabetterplace.TheSagaofEriktheVikingbyTerryJonesInthisillustratedstory,EriktheVikingsetsoutwithhistrustyteamofmeninsearchofthelandwheretheSungoesatnight.Onhisjourney,hewillmeetadventuresthatwillputhiscouragetothetest.21.Whotoldastoryaboutanunseenchildinafamily?A.TerryJones. B.KirstyApplebaum.C.NigelAuchterlounie. D.KarenNgandKirstenLiepmann.22.Whichbookisproperforkidswholoveprehistoricrelatedstories?A.TheMiddler. B.LittleBookforBigChanges.C.DennisinJurassicBark. D.TheSagaofEriktheViking.23.WhatisspecialaboutLittleBookforBigChanges"!A.Itisabouttwopeople. B.Itisanadventurebook.C.Ithaspicturesinsidetohelpkidsread. D.Itteacheskidstocarefortheworld.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要向讀者介紹了四本書，包括書名、作者和主要內(nèi)容?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMiddler部分中的“ButMaggie’sjustamiddler;sheisleftbehind”（但Maggie只是個中間兒，被遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩在后面。）以及weexperiencethesadnessofbeingtheforgottenmiddlechild,thechildwithnovoice,eveninherownfamily（我們可以體驗(yàn)被遺忘的中間孩子的悲傷。就算在自己家里，她也沒有話語權(quán)。）可知，這本書講述了一個不受家庭成員重視的孩子的故事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DennisinJurassicBark部分中的“CanyouhelpDennissaveBeanotownfromtheprehistoricinvasion”（你能幫助Dennis拯救Beano小鎮(zhèn)不被史前生物入侵嗎？）可知，這本書與史前生物入侵有關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由LittleBookforBigChanges部分中的“Understandmoreaboutbigproblemsintheworldsuchasinequalityandclimatechange,andbeempoweredtohelpmaketheworldabetterplace”（更多地了解世界上的重大問題，如不平等問題和氣候變化問題。并被給予把世界變得更好的勇氣。）可知，這本書讓孩子們了解當(dāng)前世界的問題，如不平等、氣候變化等，幫助其樹立讓世界變得更美好的信念，并落實(shí)到行動中。故選D項(xiàng)。BWithgraduationdaysbeingcelebratedalloverthecountry,astudentwhohastouseawheelchairhonoredhismotheronhisgraduationdayinaspecialway.EasleyHighSchoolgraduate,AlexMayssurprisedpeoplepresentwhenhegotupandwalkedacrossthestageatClemson'sLittlejohnColiseum.“Iwasreallyhappy—itmademefeelgood,”Alexsaid.Alexwasnotgivenachancetoliverightfromhisbirth.Hewasbornat25weeksandweighedjust1pound,10ouncesatbirth.Whenhewasveryyoung,hehadadiseaseandlosttheabilitytowalk.Afterhismother'sdeathin2013,Alexhadseveralotherdifficultlifechangesuntilhecametolivewithhisgrandparents,Dousayandherhusband,Dewayne.DousaysaidthatwhenAlexcametolivewiththem,theydecidedtobringhimupinthebestpossiblewaytheycould.Lastfall,Alexsaidthathewouldwalkacrossthestagetogethisdiplomatohonorhislatemother.Hepracticedhardandworkedwithaphysicaltherapistfor9monthstopletehisplan.TheonlyhelpAlexgotwasfromhismom'sbestfriend,TonyaJohnson,whopushedhiswheelchairtothestagewearingoneofhismother'sfavoriteshirts.“Ihadsupportfrommyfamily.Icouldn'thavedoneitwithoutthem,”Alexsaid.“Alexmadeeveryoneinthebuildingfeelencouragedthatday”PickensCountySchoolDistrictpublicinformationspecialistJohnEbysaid.“Theschoolteachersknewhewasgoingtogetuptogethisdiploma,butthedistancehewalkedwasasurprise,eventothem,”Ebysaid.“Someoflife'smostimportanttestsaren’tgiveninaclassroom;Alextestedhimselfandpassedwithflyingcolors,”Ebyadded.24.InwhatwaydidAlexhonorhislatemotheronhisgraduationday?A.Bydressinglikeher. B.Bysayingsorrytoher.C.Byinvitingherbestfriend. D.Bywalkingtogethisdiploma.25.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Alexwasbornhealthy. B.Alexwentthroughalot.C.Alexhadapurposeinlifeasachild. D.Alexhaslivedwithhisgrandparentsallthetime.26.WhatdidAlexalsoexpressonhisgraduationday?A.Hisbigregretinlife. B.Hisfeelingsforhisschool.C.Histhanksforhisfamily. D.Hiswilltopletehisstudy.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAlex?A.Strongminded. B.Warmhearted. C.Coolheaded. D.Easygoing.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一直坐輪椅的高中畢業(yè)生AlexMays在畢業(yè)典禮上站起來走上臺領(lǐng)畢業(yè)證書，以這種特殊的方式紀(jì)念已故的母親。介紹了Alex的個人經(jīng)歷以及人們對他的評價?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Withgraduationdaysbeingcelebratedalloverthecountry,astudentwhohastouseawheelchairhonoredhismotheronhisgraduationdayinaspecialway.EasleyHighSchoolgraduate,AlexMayssurprisedpeoplepresentwhenhegotupandwalkedacrossthestageatClemson'sLittlejohnColiseum.(隨著全國各地都在慶祝畢業(yè)紀(jì)念日，一名不得不坐輪椅的學(xué)生在畢業(yè)典禮上以一種特殊的方式向他的母親致敬。埃斯利高中畢業(yè)生AlexMays在克萊姆森的利特爾約翰體育館站起來，走過舞臺時讓在場的人大吃一驚)”可知，一直坐輪椅的Alex站起來走上臺領(lǐng)畢業(yè)證書，他以這種特殊的方式紀(jì)念已故的母親。故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Alexwasnotgivenachancetoliverightfromhisbirth.Hewasbornat25weeksandweighedjust1pound,10ouncesatbirth.Whenhewasveryyoung,hehadadiseaseandlosttheabilitytowalk.Afterhismother'sdeathin2013,Alexhadseveralotherdifficultlifechangesuntilhecametolivewithhisgrandparents,Dousayandherhusband,Dewayne.DousaysaidthatwhenAlexcametolivewiththem,theydecidedtobringhimupinthebestpossiblewaytheycould.(Alex從出生起就沒有活下去的機(jī)會。他在25周時出生，出生時體重只有1磅10盎司。在他很小的時候，他得了一種病，失去了行走的能力。2013年母親去世后，Alex的生活發(fā)生了一些艱難的變化，直到他搬到祖母Dousay和她的丈夫Dewayne一起生活。Dousay說，當(dāng)Alex來和他們住在一起時，他們決定用最好的方式撫養(yǎng)他)”可知，Alex命運(yùn)多舛，他是個早產(chǎn)兒，能活下來已是奇跡，后來由于疾病雙腿不能行走，只能坐輪椅。母親去世后，他歷經(jīng)變故，直到后來與祖父母一起生活，他的境況才得以好轉(zhuǎn)。由此推斷，Alex經(jīng)歷了很多磨難。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中““Ihadsupportfrommyfamily.Icouldn'thavedoneitwithoutthem,”Alexsaid.(“我得到了家人的支持。沒有他們我不可能做到，”Alex說)”可知，Alex在臺上表達(dá)了對家人的感激之情。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Someoflife'smostimportanttestsaren’tgiveninaclassroom;Alextestedhimselfandpassedwithflyingcolors,”Ebyadded.(Eby補(bǔ)充說：“人生中一些最重要的考試并不是在教室里進(jìn)行的；Alex測試了自己，并以優(yōu)異的成績通過了考試?！?”結(jié)合Alex經(jīng)歷了很多磨難最終成功畢業(yè)，可推斷出，Alex是一個意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人。故選A。CWhenyouthinkoftheicyArcticOcean,doyoupicturecoldbluewaters,onwhichfloat(漂浮)icebergshometoanimalsandfishnotseenelsewhereontheplanet?Thinkagain,orratheradd300billionpiecesofplastic(塑料)toyourpicture.That'stheamountofplasticthatscientistsbelieveisfloatingaroundtheArcticOcean.MostoftheplasticisintheareatotheeastofGreenlandandnorthofScandinavia.Wherediditefrom?Afterall,thelandsneartheArcticarenotreallyfullofpeople.ItturnsoutthatoceancurrentsarecarryingplasticthrownintotheoceanallthewaytotheArctic.Anoceancurrentisanunendingmovementofseawaterfromonepointtoanother.ItiscausedbyseveralthingsincludingheatfromtheSun,windandmovementoftheEarth.ManyoftheseplasticpiecesseemtohavetravelledforyearsbeforereachingtheArctic.Thiswasworkedoutbyscientistsstudyingtheplasticproblemaftertheyobservedtheconditionofthepieces.Whilemuchplasticfloatsontopofthewater,alotalsomaybeontheseafloor.Plastichasbeenwidelyusedfor60yearsonEarthandourcarelessthrowingofplasticthingsisslowlyturningtheonceperfectlycleanArcticintoadangerousplace.Unlikefoodwasteandplantwaste,plasticdoesn'tbreakdownsoeasily.InfacttheUnitedStatesEnvironmentProtectionOrganizationreportsthat“everybitofplasticevermadestillexists”.What'stheeffect?Seabirds,seaturtlesandotheroceancreaturescouldgethurtanddiewhentheyaccidentallyswallowplastic.Plasticwasteaffectsfishing,affectingpeoplewhoearnmoneythroughfishing.Plasticscanletoutdangerouspoisons(毒物)intothewater.Thesemaybeswallowedbyfish,andwhenthesefisharecaughtandeatenbypeopleorbiggeranimals,theycouldgetpoisonedtoo!28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheArcticOceanisheavilypolluted.B.TheplasticismostlyintheareaintheeastofGreenland.C.Anoceancurrentisjustcausedbythemovementoftheearth.D.Muchmoreplasticfloatsontopofthewater.29.Whichofthefollowingdoesn'tcontributetotheplasticocean?A.Humansthrowawayplasticthingsatwill.B.Oceancurrentscarryplasticthingseverywhere.C.Plasticcanletoutharmfulthingsintothewater.D.Plasticishardtobreakdown.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swallow”inthelastParagraphmean?A.Breakdown. B.Takein.C.Accept. D.Touch.31.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A.AreMentoBlameforPlasticOcean? B.ArcticOceanandItsFuture!C.IsPlasticHarmful? D.ArcticOceanorPlasticOcean?【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，北極已經(jīng)被微塑料污染，及這種污染給環(huán)境和人類生活帶來的影響?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Thinkagain,orratheradd300billionpiecesofplastic(塑料)toyourpicture.That'stheamountofplasticthatscientistsbelieveisfloatingaroundtheArcticOcean.MostoftheplasticisintheareatotheeastofGreenlandandnorthofScandinavia(再想一想，或者更確切地說，在你的照片上加上3000億塊塑料。這是科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為在北冰洋周圍漂浮的塑料量。大部分塑料都在格陵蘭島以東和斯堪的納維亞半島以北的地區(qū))”可知，北冰洋周圍漂浮的塑料量有3000億塊。由此可知，北冰洋污染嚴(yán)重。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“ItturnsoutthatoceancurrentsarecarryingplasticthrownintotheoceanallthewaytotheArctic.(原來，洋流攜帶著塑料被扔進(jìn)海洋，一直到北極)”和第四段中的“Plastichasbeenwidelyusedfor60yearsonEarthandourcarelessthrowingofplasticthingsisslowlyturningtheonceperfectlycleanArcticintoadangerousplace.Unlikefoodwasteandplantwaste,plasticdoesn'tbreakdownsoeasily.(塑料在地球上已經(jīng)廣泛使用了60年，我們不小心扔塑料制品正在慢慢地把曾經(jīng)非常干凈的北極變成一個危險的地。與食物垃圾和植物垃圾不同，塑料不容易分解)”可知，人類隨意丟棄塑料制品、洋流把塑料東西帶到各處和塑料很難分解是導(dǎo)致塑料海洋的原因，C項(xiàng)“塑料會把有害物質(zhì)排放到水中”是塑料制品給海洋帶來的影響，不是導(dǎo)致塑料海洋的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。由最后一段中的“Seabirds,seaturtlesandotheroceancreaturescouldgethurtanddiewhentheyaccidentallyswallowplastic.(海鳥、海龜和其他海洋生物在不小心swallow塑料時可能受傷并死亡)”可知，只有當(dāng)海洋生物“吞下”塑料時才可能受傷并死亡。由此推知，劃線詞swallow在此處意為“takein(攝入、吸收)”。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段“WhenyouthinkoftheicyArcticOcean,doyoupicturecoldbluewaters,onwhichfloat(漂浮)icebergshometoanimalsandfishnotseenelsewhereontheplanet?Thinkagain,orratheradd300billionpiecesofplastic(塑料)toyourpicture.That'stheamountofplasticthatscientistsbelieveisfloatingaroundtheArcticOcean.MostoftheplasticisintheareatotheeastofGreenlandandnorthofScandinavia(當(dāng)你想到冰冷的北冰洋時，你是否想到了冰冷的藍(lán)色海水，在那里漂浮著的冰山是地球上其他地方看不到的動物和魚類的家園？再想一想，或者更確切地說，在你的照片上加上3000億塊塑料。這是科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為在北冰洋周圍漂浮的塑料量。大部分塑料都在格陵蘭島以東和斯堪的納維亞半島以北的地區(qū))”可知，第一段提到北冰洋以及其被塑料制品嚴(yán)重污染的現(xiàn)狀，隨后文章對污染的成兇以及帶來的影響進(jìn)行了敘述。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“北冰洋還是塑料海洋？”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DAnancienttombwasrecentlydiscoveredinsouthernSiberiainwhichtheremaybetreasure,pricelessobjects,andthe3,000yearoldremainsofanicemummy.SwissscientistGinoCaspariwiththeUniversityofBernwaslookingcarefullyatthepicturesoftheareaintheRussianTuvaRepublic,whenhecameacrosswhatappearedtobeatomb.ItisatomboftheScythians,anancientgroupofEurasians.Thissummer,togetherwithresearchersfromtheRussianAcademyofSciencesandtheHermitageMuseum,adigatthesitenotonlyprovedCaspari'sidea,buttoldusthesiteisthelargestandoldestofitskindeverdiscoveredinwhat'sincreasinglyknownasthe“SiberianValleyoftheKings.”WhileanydiscoverydatingbacktoaperiodbetweentheIronAgeandBronzeAgeisexciting,it'sthenatureofthissitethatmakesscientistswanttobegincarefullyclearingawaythelayersofrockandearth.First,thetombappearstohaveneverbeendug,becauseitisinaSiberianwetlandfarawayfromthenearestplacewherepeoplelive.Second,andmostimportant,isitspossiblerestingplaceunderathicklayerofpermafrost.“There'spermafrostinthearea,”Casparisaid.“Therearereallyonlyahandfulofpermafrosttombsandveryfewthathavenotbeendamaged,wheretherehavebeenicemummiesingoodcondition,andallthethingsinthetombareuntouched.”Whilenotaslarge,othertombsdiscoveredintheareahaveproducedfantasticaltreasuresandobjects,includingthousandsofgoldobjectsandotherthingsaboutthepast.Bystudyingallthesetombs,researchershopetohaveabetterunderstandingoftheScythianpeople.Casparisaidhisteamisinaraceagainsttimetouncoverthetombandfindoutitssecrets.“Wenowhavetoactfast,”hesaid,“becausewiththerisingtemperatures,thepermafrostcouldmeltanddamageallthethingsinthattomb.Andthesearethingsthatareover3,000yearsold,thatlooklikenew,liketheywereputthereyesterday.”32.HowdidCasparidiscoverthetomb?A.Bystudyingpictures. B.ByvisitingaRussianarea.C.BytalkingwithRussianresearchers. D.Byparingotherscientists,ideas.33.Whyhasthetombremaineduntouched?A.Itiscoveredbyalotofrocks. B.ItiswellkeptbytheScythians.C.Itistoosmalltodrawattention. D.Itishiddeninawildcoldplace.34.Whydoscientistswanttouncoverthetomb?A.Tobetterprotectthetomb. B.Tosavethetreasuresinside.C.TolearnmoreabouttheScythians. D.Tohaveagoodunderstandingofmummies.35.WhyisCaspari'steamracingagainsttimetodigthetomb?A.Thetombistooold. B.Itisgettinghotterandhotter.C.Sometreasuresarebeingdamaged. D.Theywanttosavetimeforothertombs.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了最近，在西伯利亞南部發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座古墓，里面可能有珍寶、無價的物品，還有一具三千年的冰木乃伊遺骸。介紹了這一古墓被發(fā)現(xiàn)的經(jīng)過以及古墓難以被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因等情況?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“SwissscientistGinoCaspariwiththeUniversityofBernwaslookingcarefullyatthepicturesoftheareaintheRussianTuvaRepublic,whenhecameacrosswhatappearedtobeatomb.ItisatomboftheScythians,anancientgroupofEurasians.(瑞士伯爾尼大學(xué)的科學(xué)家GinoCaspari在仔細(xì)研究俄羅斯圖瓦共和國的這一地區(qū)的照片時，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個疑似墳?zāi)沟臇|西。這是斯基泰人的墳?zāi)?，一個古老的歐亞混血兒群體)”可知，這位瑞士科學(xué)家在研究圖片時發(fā)現(xiàn)了古墓。故選A。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“First,thetombappearstohaveneverbeendug,becauseitisinaSiberianwetlandfarawayfromthenearestplacewherepeoplelive.Second,andmostimportant,isitspossiblerestingplaceunderathicklayerofpermafrost.(首先，墓穴似乎從未被挖掘過，因?yàn)樗挥谖鞑麃啙竦兀h(yuǎn)離最近的人類居住地。其次，也是最重要的一點(diǎn)是，它可能位于厚厚的永久凍土層之下)”可知，古墓在人跡罕至的凍土層下，所以很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Bystudyingallthesetombs,researchershopetohaveabetterunderstandingoftheScythianpeople.(通過研究所有這些墓穴，研究人員希望能更好地了解斯基泰人)”可知，挖掘古墓可以幫助科學(xué)家更好地了解斯基泰人。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Wenowhavetoactfast,”hesaid,“becausewiththerisingtemperatures,thepermafrostcouldmeltanddamageallthethingsinthattomb.(“我們現(xiàn)在必須迅速行動，”他說，“因?yàn)殡S著氣溫上升，永久凍土可能會融化，破壞墓穴里的所有東西?！?”可知，隨著氣溫升高、凍土解凍，墓中的物品就會遭到破壞，所以他們才需要盡快挖掘。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Brainfitnesshasbasicrules:varietyandcuriosity.___36___Ifyoucandothecrosswordpuzzleinyoursleep,forexample,it'stimeforyoutomoveontoanewchallengeinordertogetthebestworkoutforyourbrain.Curiosityabouttheworldaroundyou,howitworksandhowyoucanunderstanditwillkeepyourbrainworkingfast.Usetheideasbelowtomakeyourbrainsmarter.1.PlayGamesBrainfitnessprogramsandgamesarewonderfulwaystochallengeyourbrain.___37___Thesegamesdependonlogic(邏輯),wordskills,mathandmore.Thesegamesarealsofun.You'llgetbenefitmorebydoingthesegamesalittlebiteveryday.2.TellStories___38___Practicetellingyourstories,bothnewandold,sothattheyareinterestingandfun.3.ExerciseYourBodytoExerciseYourBrain___39___Bymovingyourbody,yourbrainhastolearnnewmuscle(肌肉)skills,judgedistanceandpracticebalance.Chooseavarietyofexercisestochallengeyourbrain.4.MakeSimpleChangesWeloveourroutines(常規(guī)).Butthemoresomethingis“secondnature”,thelessourbrainshavetoworktodoit.Changewaystothegrocerystore,useyouroppositehandtoopendoorsandeatdessertfirst.___40___A.Physicalexerciseisgreatbrainexercisetoo.B.Toreallyhelpyourbrainstayyoung,challengeit.C.Wehavehobbiesandpastimesthatwecoulddoforhoursonend.D.Whenanythingyoudobeessecondnature,youneedtomakeachange.E.Allthesewillforceyourbraintowakeupfromhabitsandpayattentionagain.F.Crosswordsandelectronicgamescanbothimproveyourbrain'sspeedandmemory.G.Storiesareawaythatwestrengthenmemories,tellabouteventsandsharemoments.【答案】36.D37.F38.G39.A40.E【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文講述了讓大腦變得更聰明4種方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Brainfitnesshasbasicrules:varietyandcuriosity(大腦健康的基本規(guī)律是:多樣性和好奇心).”和下一句“Ifyoucandothecrosswordpuzzleinyoursleep,forexample,it'stimeforyoutomoveontoanewchallengeinordertogetthebestworkoutforyourbrain.(例如，如果在你昏昏欲睡的時候都可以做填字游戲，那么為了讓你的大腦得到最好的鍛煉，你就該轉(zhuǎn)移到一個新的挑戰(zhàn)了)”可知，我們要保持多樣性和好奇心，當(dāng)你做的事情不假思索就可以手到擒來，那么你就需要一個新挑戰(zhàn)來鍛煉大腦了，選項(xiàng)D.Whenanythingyoudobeessecondnature,youneedtomakeachange(不論做何事一旦成了老習(xí)慣，就需要改改了)符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段副標(biāo)題“PlayGames”可知，我們可以通過玩游戲來鍛煉大腦，根據(jù)下一句“Thesegamesdependonlogic(邏輯),wordskills,mathandmore.”可知，句中“thesegames”與選項(xiàng)F.Crosswordsandelectronicgamescanbothimproveyourbrain'sspeedandmemory.(填字游戲和電子游戲都可以提高你的思維速度和記憶力)中“crosswordsandelectronicgames”是上下義詞關(guān)系，指代相同，且語義連貫，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段副標(biāo)題“TellStories”可知，本段講故事對鍛煉大腦所起的作用，選項(xiàng)G.Storiesareawaythatwestrengthenmemories,tellabouteventsandsharemoments(故事是我們加強(qiáng)記憶、講述事件和分享時刻的一種方式)談到講故事是鞏固記憶的一種方法，與小標(biāo)題正好符合。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段副標(biāo)題“ExerciseYourBodytoExerciseYourBrain”可知，你可以通過鍛煉身體來鍛煉你的大腦，下一句“Bymovingyourbody,yourbrainhastolearnnewmuscle(肌肉)skills,judgedistanceandpracticebalance.”具體說明鍛煉身體是如何使大腦也得到鍛煉的。選項(xiàng)A.Physicalexerciseisgreatbrainexercisetoo(身體鍛煉也是很好的大腦鍛煉)符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】本段副標(biāo)題“MakeSimpleChanges”可知，我們要做出一些小改變。根據(jù)上一句“Changewaystothegrocerystore,useyouroppositehandtoopendoorsandeatdessertfirst.”舉例說明了生活中的小改變，而這些小改變能鍛煉你的大腦，讓它重新充滿活力，選項(xiàng)E.Allthesewillforceyourbraintowakeupfromhabitsandpayattentionagain(所有這些都會迫使你的大腦從習(xí)慣中清醒過來，再次集中注意力)符合語境，且選項(xiàng)E中“allthese”指代前一句話中提到的“改變?nèi)ジ笔车甑穆肪€，改用另一只手開門，吃飯時改為先吃餐后吃的甜點(diǎn)與水果等等生活中的小改變”，故選E。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Atriptothelocallandfill(垃圾填埋場)hasforeverchangedthelifeofaGreekmanafterhefoundaninjureddoghidingamongtherubbish.IthasbeensixyearssinceTheoklitosTakisProestakisfirstfeltencouragedto___41___thenearbylandfillontheislandofCrete.___42___hewentaround,hefoundaninjured___43___dog.Heknewthathehadto___44___thedog,sohebroughtittoalocalveterinarian(獸醫(yī))formedical___45___.Oncethedogwas___46___,Takisrealizedthathedidnothave___47___forthedogathisownhome—sohebroughtthedogbacktothelandfilland___48___tobringitfoodeveryday.Duringhisregularvisitstothelandfill,Takiscameuponmoreandmoreinjured___49___.Luckilyforthem,Takiswasmorethan____50____totakethedogsunderhiswingandprovidethemwith____51____andveterinarytreatment.Afterayearofregularvisitstothelandfill,Takiswascollectively____52____about70dogs.He____53____boughtapieceoflandnearthelandfillto____54____thedogsandnamedit“Taki