My-Unit-Two省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件市賽課百校聯(lián)賽優(yōu)質(zhì)課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

perspicaciousbetokennicetyritualisticone-upreciprocitybenefactorproclivityfrivolousallergyproneclichéfabulouspamperaltruismdispenseKeywordsandexpressions1/27Keywordsperspicacious:abletounderstands.b/sthquicklye.g.Itisveryperspicaciousofyoutofindthecauseofthetroublesoquickly.你真是明察秋毫，問題原因這麼快就找出來了。

betoken:verb,tobeasignofe.g.Aclearblueskybetokensafineweather.Itisoutofproportiontosendgiftthatbetokensanintimacythatdoesn’texist.

Keywordsandexpressions2/27ritualistic:offondnessforrituale.g.Itispurelyritualistictosendexpensivegiftsonweddingceremony.Eachevening,sheburstsintoherapartmentwitharitualisticshoutof“Honey,I’mhome.”

Keywordsandexpressions3/27One-up:verb,havingapsychologicaladvantageoversomeonee.g.you'realwaystryingtoone-upwhoeveryou'rewith.reciprocity:noun,thepracticeofexchangingthingswithothersformutualbenefite.g.areciprocitytreatyReciprocityincludesmorethangiftsandfavors;italsoappliestoconcessionsthatpeoplemaketooneanother.Keywordsandexpressions4/27benefactor:apersonwhogivesmoneyorotherhelptoapersonorcausee.g.wecollected￡478,butaverygenerousbenefactormadeitupto￡500.Thechieftainofthatcountryisdisguisedasabenefactorthistime.Proclivity:atendencytochooseordosomethingregularly;aninclinationorpredispositione.g.aproclivityforhardwork/fordancing/laziness/tofaultfindingKeywordsandexpressions5/27frivolous:adj,nothavinganyseriouspurposeorvaluee.g.Thereshouldberulestostopfrivolouslawsuits.Thisisafrivolouswayofattackingtheproblem.Allergy:n,damagingimmuneresponsebythebodytoasubstanceThepatienthadanallergytopenicillinKeywordsandexpressions6/27prone:(to/todosomething)likelyorliabletosufferfrome.g.Hisnoseispronetobeallergictoroses.Peoplewithfairskinwhosunburneasilyareverypronetodevelopskincancercliché:陳詞濫調(diào)Youshouldalwaystrytoavoidtheuseofcliché.Keywordsandexpressions7/27fabulous:adj,extraordinary,especiallyextraordinarilylargee.g.Thisisafabuloussumofmoney.Wehadafabuloustimeattheparty.pamper:verb,indulgewitheveryattention,comfort,andkindness;spoile.g.Famouspeoplejustlovebeingpampered.Keywordsandexpressions8/27altruism:[massnoun]thebeliefinorpracticeofdisinterestedandselflessconcernforthewell-beingofotherse.g.somemaychoosetoworkwithvulnerableelderlypeopleoutofaltruism.dispense:verb,distributeorprovide(aserviceorinformation)toanumberofpeoplee.g.Themachinesdispensearangeofdrinksandsnacks.TheRedCrossdispensedcharitytorefugees.

紅十字會(huì)向難民放賑。Keywordsandexpressions9/27OutlineofthearticlePara1-3Myoncefailureexperienceofgivingagifttomyex-girlfriendandwhyPara4-9Nicetiesforgift-giving:ritualistic,reciprocal,thoughtful,decorated.Para10-14whenyougenerouslygivegiftsandharborgoodmotivation,youraltruismandegoismmeltedPara15.aslongaswedon’tdeceiveourselvesforexpectingmore,wecouldn'tbedisappointedaboutgift-giving.10/27.Translationandanalysisofkeysentences

Peoplewithfairskinwhosunburneasilyareverypronetodevelopskincancer1.Idateawomanforawhile—literarytype,well-read,lotsofbooksinherplace—whomIadmiredabittooextravagantly(unusuallyunreasonablyhigh;exorbitant),andoneChristmasIdecidedtogivehersomethingniceand,I’mafraid,unusuallyexpensive.我曾與一位女子約會(huì)過一段時(shí)間—她屬于文學(xué)興趣者之類，博覽群書，其寓所藏書甚豐—我對(duì)她傾慕有點(diǎn)過分。有一次圣誕節(jié)，我決定送她一樣非同普通好東西，其價(jià)格也是貴得嚇人。11/272.SheinsistedthatItakethebooksbackorsellthemorkeepthemformyself.WhenIprotested,shejustgotmoreupset,andfinallysheaskedmetoleaveandtotakethebookswithme.Hurtandperplexed,Idid.她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為我把書拿走，要么賣掉，要么自己留著。見我不愿罷休，她越發(fā)不安。最終，她請(qǐng)我?guī)е鴷x開。我難過迷惑地離開了。）1).insist+thatclauseshould+v.orv.init’soriginalformReview:suggestdecideproposerecommendurgedemandorderetc.2).Hurtandperplexed,Idid.Adj.oradj.phraseisusedasadverbialofmanner--------Hungryandthirsty,theywentintotherestaurant.--------Curious,thelittleboylookedaroundforotherguests.12/273.ButIhaveitinme,obviously,tobe,asmyex-girlfriendsaid,totallyoutofproportion:togivepeoplethingsIcan’tafford,orthingsthatbetokenanintimacythatdoesn’texist,orthingsthatbearnorelationtotheinterestsordesiresofthepersonI’mgivingthemto….但我毛病也是明擺著，正如我前女友所言，送禮品根本就不適當(dāng)。比如說：送給人家禮品自己難以支付，或者把象征親密關(guān)系禮品送給與自己沒有那層關(guān)系人，或者送禮品與所送之人興趣或渴望東西毫不相干。1).outofproportion:notaccordingtorealimportance;notsensibly---------It’soutofproportiontosendgiftsthatbetokenanintimacythatdoesn’texist.2).Repetition(figureofspeech)e.g--------Scroogewenttobedagain,andthought,andthought,andthoughtitoverandoveragain.--------Bloodmustatoneforblood.13/274.Inmostcultures,mostofthemmoresensiblethanourown,thegivingofgiftsishighlyritualistic—thatis,itisgovernedbyrulesandregulations;itisunderstrictsocialcontrol.Itisalso,moreorlessexplicitly,anexchange.在大多數(shù)文化中（其中多數(shù)文化都比我們文化更明智），送禮是很考究規(guī)矩—也就是說，受到條條框框限制和嚴(yán)格社會(huì)制約。送禮多少有點(diǎn)顯著地也是一個(gè)交換。14/275.Gift-givinginvolvestheexpectationsofreciprocitytherefore,butwewisemenofthewesternworldavoidthisfact;wepaperitoverwithrhetoricaboutselflessness,abouthowmuchbetteritistogivethantoreceive.所以，送禮包括到對(duì)互惠期待，但我們西方世界智者卻回避這個(gè)事實(shí)：我們高談無私之道，闊談給予怎樣勝于接收，以遮掩這一點(diǎn)。15/276.I’vegivensomethoughttomyownproclivitiesinthismatterandhaveconcludedthatevenatmymostridiculouslygenerous,mymostspontaneouslygiving,Iexpectsomethinginturnasmuchasthenextmandoes.我曾反省過自己在這方面習(xí)性，并得出這么結(jié)論：即使在我慷慨最最荒謬，送禮完全是發(fā)自內(nèi)心時(shí)，我也和他人一樣期待著回報(bào)。1).asmuchas情況(程度)與……相同引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句---------YouhatedhimasmuchasI.---------Heisasmuchastrangerinthevillagetodayashewasthefirstsummerhearrived.2).Review:a.ThatisasmuchastosaythatIamaliar.b.Shepickedupasmuchinformationasshecould.c.ThecostofonedayinanaveragehospitalintheUnitedStatescanrunasmuchas$250.d.Ihaven’tgotasmuchmoneyasIthought.16/277.Wewantthoseclichés.Wewantwhateverybodywants:thetimeless,unchangeablegestures;therituals;thebeautifulwrappingpaper;theribbons—ironed,noless,andchosentogowiththecolorofthepaper.我們需要那些老一套東西。我們需要人人需要東西：亙古不變姿態(tài)、各種儀式、漂亮包裝紙、緞帶—而且必須是熨過、精選、與包裝紙顏色相配緞帶。gowith1).Matchorsuit---------Daniel,pleasebuyatietogowithyourshirt.2).Normallyaccompany---------Moneydoesnotalwaysgowithmoney.17/278.

Thereareprofessionalaltruists,it’strue—nurses,socialworkers,alltheseso-called“helpingprofessions”—buttheygetpaidtodispensetheirservices;asforgovernmentallargess,askanywelfarerecipientwhetherit’sgivenfreelyorgrudgingly.職業(yè)利他主義者存在確實(shí)事實(shí)—如護(hù)理人員、社會(huì)工作者以及全部那些所謂“助人行業(yè)”—但他們提供是有償服務(wù)；至于政府賞賜之物，出手大方還是給勉強(qiáng)，去問任何一位領(lǐng)受福利人便知。18/279.Noneoftheabove,however,caughtmyinterest;thatbelongedtoCesarChavez,whomImetontheninthdayofhisfamousfastashelayinhisaustereroominthefarmworkers’centerinDelano,California,watchingthesunlightfade.然而，上述之事全然沒有引發(fā)我興趣，我興趣在于塞扎夏維茲。我們見面那天，正值他著名絕食第九日。當(dāng)初他躺在德拉洛農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人中心自己那間陋室里觀賞日落余輝?！瓀atchingthesunlightfade.(presentparticiplephrase------adverbialofattendingcircumstance)---------Tonystoodinfrontofthedoor,bitinghisnails.---------Tinewalkeddownthehill,singingsoftlytoherself.19/2710.Wewanttogive;beneaththeneuroses,thecompulsions,thefears,anxieties,desires,theself-pity,weharborgenerousimpulses,spontaneouswarmth.我們?cè)敢庳暙I(xiàn)；在神經(jīng)官能癥、不自主沖動(dòng)、恐懼、焦慮、欲望以及自憐背后，我們也懷有慷慨沖動(dòng)和自發(fā)赤誠(chéng)。20/2711.Whitmangavehimselftotheworldandmadethebold,massivelyegoisticassumptionthatthegiftmeasuredup.Thisisspiritualtheory;youpassonthegiftsGodhasgivenyou,andthemoreyougive,themoreyouwillreceive.惠特曼把自己貢獻(xiàn)給世人，而且大膽地、毫不謙遜地臆斷：他禮品是合格。這是一個(gè)高尚純潔理論：你把上帝賜予你禮品傳送下去，你送出越多，得到也越多。measureup:havegoodenoughqualities---------I’mafraidhejustdidn’tmeasureup(tothejob).21/2712.Aslongaswedon’tdeceiveourselvesandimaginewedon’twantanythingback—whenwealldo—there’snodangeroffeelingthekindofunacknowledgeddisappointmentoverunacknowledgedexpectationsthatdoesturnpeoplecynical.只要我們不坑騙自己，在期待回報(bào)時(shí)想象我們不“圖”回報(bào)，就無須顧慮期待落空造成莫名失望會(huì)令人玩世不恭。22/27MainIdeaoftheText

Inthetext,AnthonyBrandtclaimsthathumanshaveagenuinedesiretogivefreelytoeachother,butinrealitymostpeopleareunabletodothiswithoutexpectingsomethinginreturn.Brandtarguesthatgiftgivingwouldbemucheasierifoneweretoacceptsuchafactratherthansuppressit.Theauthoroncehadanexperienceofsendingextravagantgifttoagirlfriend,onlytofindittotallyoutofproportion.Hecametorealizehehasatendencytogivepeoplethingsthathecannotafford,orthingsthatbetokenanintimacythatdoesn’texist,orthingsthatbearnorelationstotheinterestordesiresofthepersonheisgivingthemto.Hecametounderstandthatit’stheniceties,nottherawactofgiving,thatcount.23/27AccordingtoBrandt,thereisnogenuinealtruismintheworld.Even“helpingprofessions”getpaidbythegovernmentandinstitutionalizedgivingisanexchangeofmoneyforpowerorprestige.WhenWhitmansaidthat“WhenIgive,Igivemyself,”hemeantthatbykeepingnothingtoyourself,everythingcomestoyou.Insodoing,altruismandegoismbecomeone.24/27TranslationExerciseBFlowersareamongthemostfrequentlygivengifts.There’satraditionalflorallanguage,andacarefullyselectedbouquetorplantcanconveyawiderangeofemotionsandsentiments.Redrosessymbolizeloveaswellasthehopefulbeginningofanewenterprise;violetsbeseechtherecipientnot