上海高考六選四練習

(一)

A.Youdon’thavetobeonstagetogetstagefright.

B.Stagefrightispartofthebody’sreactiontostress.

C.Youtrytospeakyourlines,butnothingseemstocomeout.

D.Withpractice,wecanlearnhowtorelaxwhileplayingsports.

EThegoodnewsaboutstagefrightisthatherearewaystodealwithit.

F.However,thereisatimewhenstagefrightpreventsyoufromsteppingonstage.

Stagefright

Imaginethatyouareanactorperforminginaplayforthefirsttime.Youhavelearnedallyourlinesandyouknowwheretowalkonstage.Waitingbehindtheclosedcurtain,youcanheartheaudiencewhisperingandtakingtheirseats.

Thenyourbigmomentarrives!Thecurtaingoesup,andthecrowdfallssilent.Allyoucanseeisthespotlightshiningdownonyou.1Theinsideofyourmouthisdry,andyourhandsarewet.

Ifyouhaveexperiencedamomentlikethis,youknowalltoowellwhatitmeanstohavestagefright.Itisoneofthemostcommontypesoffearandtendstostrikepeoplewhentheyfindthemselvesatthecentreofattention.2Peopleexperiencethisfearwhenplayingsports,givingapresentation,orevenspeakinginclass.Apersonwhosuffersfromstagefrightmaygetsweatyhands,adrymouth,atightthroat,orshakyknees.Stagefrightisactuallyaformofpanic,andthesefeelingsareveryreal.

3Theexperiencediffersfrompersontoperson,butthesamechemicalprocessoccursineachofus.Inreactiontoanxiety,ourbodiesproduceachemicalthatpreparesustoeitherfightorrunawayquickly.Scientistsrefertothisasourbodies’“fightorflight”reaction.Asaresult,wefeelgreatenergythatmakesourhandssweat,ourheartsrace,andourkneesshake.

4Practisingyourperformanceandfollowingsomesimpletipscanhelpcalmnervesandmanagethefeelingscausedbyanxiety.First,dresscomfortablyandappropriately.Second,beforetheperformance,takedeepbreathsandstretchtohelprelaxyourbody.Thirdly,stayawayfromdrinksthatcontaincaffeine.Thesemightmakeyourheartraceevenfaster.Instead,tryabanana!Somedoctorsbelievethateatingabananacanhelpcalmyourheartandtherestofyourbody.Finally,whenyoulookintoacrowd,trytofocusonparticularpeopleinsteadofthewholegroup.Thesetipshavehelpedmanypeoplelearntodealwiththeirfears.

(二)

A.Pickupthedishwiththeremainingfood.

B.Properfoodisabasicnecessityforyourpuppies.

C.Remembertogiveyourpuppythefoodhewouldliketohave.

D.Itcanalsocauseanupsetstomachduetoanunbalanceddiet.

E.Oneexampleisthatextrahelpingsofnutrientsdoharmtodigestiveorgans.

F.It’sgoodtoprovidetheextranutrientsapuppyneedsuntilhegrowslarger.

Puppyfood

Apuppy(youngdog)isapreciousadditiontoanyfamily.Theexcitementofbringinghomealittlefurryfriendwillalwaysliveinourmemories.Likeallofus,though,yourpuppymusthaveadequatenutritionrightfromthestarttomakecertainthatit’llhavealongandhealthylife.

1Youmightaskyourselfwhatisthebestforyournewpetwithallofthedifferentvarietiesonthemarketinalloftheirattractivepackaging.Somedryfoodproducedspeciallyforpuppiesisthebestforthedevelopmentoftheirteeth.Afurtherbenefitisthatitislessexpensivethanthecannedfood.

Contrarytothebeliefofmanyfirst-timepuppyowners,itisnotalwaysthebestideatopurchasefoodthatistoohighincalcium(鈣),protein,andvitaminlevels.2Inaddition,ahighintakeofcalciumisassociatedwithbonediseaseinlarge-breeddogs.Ifyouhavea“small-breed”puppy,youcanbuythatkindoffood.

Itisnotagoodideatofeedthefoodyoueattoyourpuppyfrequently,asyourpuppymaybecomeselectiveaboutfood.3Somepeoplethinkthatdogbiscuitsandothertreatsarefine,buttheyshouldnotbeamainpartofapuppy’sdiet.

Youngpuppiesshouldbefedthreetimesaday.Eachpuppyisunique,sofeedingthemtwiceadayisacceptable.Aftertentotwelveweeksofage,feedyourpuppytwiceperday.Allowyourpuppytoeatasmuchashewouldlikeinfifteenminutes.4Ifyouletyourpuppyeattoomuchortoooftenbykeepingfoodaccessibleatalltimes,hemaybecomeoverweightandhavehealthproblemsasanadult.Likehumans,yourpuppywillnotenjoythefoodanylongerifitisthereatalltimes.

(三)

A.IntheAmericanfamily,childrenandparentsareequal.

B.Itcanreflectthetraditionalvaluesandcustomsofanation.

C.Whenitcomestobigproblems,childrendonothavetoalwaysfollowtheirparents’ways.

D.AlthoughAmericanspaymuchattentiontoindependenceandequality,theydon’tbelieveinmakingsacrifice.

E.Sometimeschildrendopreciselytheoppositeofwhattheirparentswishinordertodeclaretheirindependence.

F.Manyofthemareexpectedtoleavewhatcouldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.

Familyvalues

Tounderstandanation,youshouldfirstgettoknowitsminimumunit—family.__1__

IntheUS,uponreachinganappropriateage(usuallybetween18and21years),childrenareencouraged,butnotforced,to“l(fā)eavethenest”andbeginanindependentlife.Afterchildrenleavehome,theyoftenfindsocialrelationshipandfinancialsupportoutsidethefamily.Parentsdonotarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren,nordochildrenusuallyaskpermissionoftheirparentstogetmarried.Youngadultsmeettheirfuturespouses(配偶)throughotherfriends,atjobs,andinorganizationsandreligiousinstitutions.Althoughchildrenchoosetheirownspouses,theystillhopetheirparentswillapproveoftheirchoices.

Parentsfeelthatchildrenshouldmakemajorlifedecisionsbythemselvesinmanyfamilies.Aparentmaytrytoinfluenceachildtofollowaparticularprofessionbutthechildisfreetochoose

SomepeoplemayworrythatIamsuggestingonegenderisbetterthantheother,butthisisnotthecase.Mytheorysaysthatmalesandfemalesdifferinthekindsofthingsthattheyfindeasy,butthatbothgendershavetheirstrengthsandweaknesses.4Itisnottrue.Thestudysimplylooksatmalesandfemalesastwogroups,andaskswhatdifferencesexist,andwhytheyarethere.

（八）

A.Forthesepeople,sayingNOtoothersisoftenofmuchanxiety.

B.Itreviewsyourwork,yourlove,yourplay,untilitfindsanimperfection.

C.Comparinganxietywithdepressionhelpstodiscusspossiblecuresforanxiety.

D.Thesethreecommonemotionsareconsideredthecauseofmostmentalillnesses.

E.Ifyouareanxiousaboutthework,youmightgettotheofficeanhourearliereveryday.

F.Youfindyourselfwakingupanxious,goingthroughthedayanxiousandgoingtobedanxious.

Anxietyisyourmentalwatchman.Itsfixedpatternistosearchforwhatmaybeabouttogowrong.Itcontinually,andwithoutyourconsciouspermission,scansyourlife,evenwhenyouareasleep,indreamsandnightmares.1Whenitfindsone,itworriesit.

Alongwithdepressionandanger,anxietyisoneofthebadfacesofworries.2Controlledbyanxiety,youwillfeelalackofsecurityandconfidence.Whenanxietyissevereandpained,itcanbeasignofadisorder,suchaspanicorterror.

Althoughanxietyseemstohaveabiologicalbasis,itishabit-formingformanyofus.Someofouranxiousfeelingsareinfactwastedenergy.Anxietyhasgottenoutofhandwhenitispointlessandrepeated.Whenyouarefacedwithaproblematwork,beforetakingatest,ormakinganimportantdecision,youwillfeelanxious.Whenyouarecontrolledbyanxiety,youareunabletocontrolyouremotionstothepointofitchangingy