大學(xué)英語專業(yè)八級美國文學(xué)

TimelineBeforetheRevolutionofIndependence(1775-1783）AroundtheRevolutionofIndependenceAmericanRomanticism（18世紀末期——19世紀中后期）AmericanRealism(19c中期—20世紀初)AmericanModernism（20世紀初——）Note:為了八級復(fù)習(xí)的方便，本材料中文學(xué)史知識做了簡化，深入研究者宜察之。BeforeRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭之前I.NativeAmericanLiteratureTraditionalliterature:oral,songs,folktales,sacredstoriesetc.TransitionalLiterature:Indianoralnarrativesandmemoirsofwhitedominance;ModernLiterature:nativeAmericans,EnglishBeforeRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭之前2.LiteratureofColonialSettlement1607-1776“ThefirstAmericanliteraturewasneitherAmericannorliterature.ItwasnotAmericanbecauseitwastheworkmainlyofimmigrantsfromEngland.Itwasnotliteratureasweknowit—intheformofpoetry,essayorfiction—butratheraninterestingmixtureoftravelaccountsandreligiouswritings”BeforeRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭之前2.LiteratureofColonialSettlement1607-1776AmericanPuritanism:predestination,originalsin,totaldepravityHardwork,thrift,sobriety,JohnSmith:ATrueRelationofVirginia1608AroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭Social,politicalratherthanreligiousFreedom,politics,equality,etc.AroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭BenjaminFranklin1709-1790富蘭克林PoorRichard’sAlmanac《窮理查年鑒》1732-58（proverbs,thrift,industry,howtomakewealth）Earlytobed,andearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.Apennysavedisapennyearned.AllthingsareeasytoIndustry.AllthingsaredifficulttoSloth.TheAutobiography《自傳》（Americanenlightenment）AroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭ThomasPaine1737-1809潘恩CommonSense《常識》（politicalpamphlet)AmericanCrisis《美國危機》RightsofManTheAgeofReasonAroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭PhilipFreneau弗倫諾1753-1832PoetoftheAmericanRevolutionTheBritishPrisonShip《英國囚船》TheRisingGloryofAmericaTheIndianBuryingGroundTheWildHoneySuckleAroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭練習(xí)1.“Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves”isfromtheworkof_____.A.PaineB.FranklinC.FreneauD.JeffersonAroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭練習(xí)2.WhichofthefollowingisnotwrittenbyPhilipFreneau_____.A.TheBritishPrisonShipB.TheFloodofYearsC.TheWildHoneySuckleD.TheIndianBuryingGroundAroundRevolutionofIndependence獨立戰(zhàn)爭練習(xí)3.ThomasJefferson’sattitude,thatis,afirmbeliefinprogressandthepursuitofhappiness,istypicaloftheperiodwenowcall_____.A.TheAgeofEvolutionB.TheAgeofReasonC.TheAgeofRomanticismD.TheAgeofRegionalismAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期18世紀末開始1820s成熟1830-50高峰和本土特色Alsocalled“AmericanRenaissance”RebellionagainstrationalismIndividualism,intuitions,feelings,thepast,theremote,themysterious,thewildAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期WashingtonIrving1783-1859歐文ProseInternationalrecognitionWorksTheSketchBook《見聞札記》beginningofAmericanRomanticismRipVanWinkle《瑞普·凡·溫克爾》TheLegendofSleepyHollow《睡谷傳奇》AHistoryofNewYorkAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期JamesFenimoreCooper庫珀1789-1851Revolutionnovels,seanovels,frontiernovelsTheSpyThePilotLeatherStockingTalesThePioneers《拓荒者》；TheLastoftheMohicans《最后的莫西干人》；ThePrairie《大草原》；ThePathfinder《探路人》；TheDeerslayer《殺鹿人》AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期HenryWadsworthLongfellow朗費羅1807-1882TheSongofHiawatha海華沙之歌----美國人寫的第一部印第安人史詩;VoicesoftheNightAPsalmofLifeWilliamCullenBryant1794-1878布萊恩特(歌頌自然)TheFloodofYears《似水流年》TheFountainThanatopsis《死亡隨想》AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·超驗主義RalphWaldoEmerson愛默生1803-82NewEnglandTranscendentalismor“AmericanRenaissance”新英格蘭超驗主義Nature《自然》1936“manifestoofAmericantranscendentalism.”TheAmericanScholar《美國學(xué)者》Self-reliance《論自立》TheTranscendentalist《超驗主義者》AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·超驗主義HenryDavidThoreau梭羅1817-1862TranscendentalismWalden《瓦爾登湖》CivilDisobedience《論市民之不服從》AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·巔峰EdgarAllenPoe坡1809-1849首開近代偵探小說先河，又是法國象征主義運動的源頭以詩為詩；永為世人共賞的偉大抒情詩人-----葉芝TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque《荒誕怪異故事集》TheFalloftheHouseofUsher厄舍古屋的倒塌TheRavenToHelenAnnabelLee安娜貝爾·李A(yù)mericanRomanticism浪漫時期·巔峰NathanielHawthorne納撒尼爾·霍桑1804-1864TheScarletLetter紅字;Twice-toldTales《故事重述》MossesfromanOldManse古屋青苔:YoungGoodmanBrown年輕的古德曼·布朗;TheHouseoftheSevenGables有七個尖角閣的房子--------心理若們羅曼史;TheBlithedaleRomance福谷傳奇;TheMarbleFaun玉石雕像AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·巔峰HermanMelville赫爾曼·梅爾維爾1819-1891MobyDick/TheWhiteWhale莫比·迪克/白鯨；WaltWhitman沃爾特·惠特曼1819-1892LeavesofGrass草葉集SongoftheBroad-Axe闊斧之歌;IhearAmericaSinging我聽見美洲在歌唱;WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom’d小院丁香花開時;SongofMyself自我之歌EmilyDickinson埃米莉·迪金森1830-1886玄學(xué)、象征、個人體驗、語言實驗、現(xiàn)代詩歌AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)1.WhichofthefollowingisnotapartofCooper’sLeatherStockingTales?A.TheSpyB.ThePathfinderC.ThePioneersD.TheDeerslayerAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)2.WhichofthefollowingisnotcorrectaboutHenryDavidThoreau?A.HewasaloverofnatureB.Hewasaparticulartypeofromantic.C.Hewasapolemicist.D.Hewasatranscendentalist.AmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)3.EdgarAllenPoeoccupiesanimportantpositioninAmericanliteratureasapoetanda____.A.ShortstorywriterB.novelistC.DramatistD.translatorAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)4.____wasthefirstmanoflettersfromtheU.S.towininternationalrecognition.A.NathanielHawthorneB.WashingtonIrvingC.JamesFenimoreCooperD.LongfellowAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)5.Whichofthefollowingisatremendouschronicleofanappallingvoyageinpursuitofaseeminglysupernaturalwhitewhale?A.TheScarletLetterB.TheMarbleFaunC.MobyDickD.TheAmericanScholarAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)6.Americanliteratureproducedonlyonefemalepoetinthe19thcentury,_____.A.AnneBradstreetB.JaneAustinC.EmilyDickinsonD.HarrietBeecherStoweAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)7.WhichofthefollowingisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson_____.A.TheAmericanScholarB.Self-relianceC.NatureD.CivilDisobedienceAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)8.Asaphilosophicalmovement,___flourishedinNewEnglandfromthe1830stotheCivilWar.A.modernismB.RationalismC.transcendentalismD.sentimentalismAmericanRomanticism浪漫時期·練習(xí)9.Whitman’spoemsarecharacterizedbyallthefollowingfeaturesEXCEPT___.A.StrictpoeticformB.FreeandnaturalrhythmC.EasyflowoffeelingD.SimpleandconversationallanguageAmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——20世紀初期浪漫到現(xiàn)實的過渡：HarrietBeecherStowe哈麗特·比徹·斯托1811-1896UncleTom’sCabin湯姆叔叔的小屋;AmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——20世紀初期四個主要流派之一：“溫和的現(xiàn)實主義”WilliamDeanHowells威廉·狄恩·豪威爾斯1837-1920TheRiseofSilasLapham賽拉斯·拉帕姆的發(fā)跡;AmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——20世紀初期四個主要流派之二：“批判現(xiàn)實主義”或鄉(xiāng)土主義（regionalism，localcolorism）MarkTwain馬克·吐溫（SamuelLonghorneClemens）---TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn哈克貝利·費恩歷險記;TheAdventuresofTomSawyer湯姆·索耶歷險記;ThePrinceandthePauper王子與貧兒;TheInnocent’sAbroad傻瓜出國記;TheGildedAge鍍金時代;AmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——一戰(zhàn)前四個主要流派之二：“批判現(xiàn)實主義”或鄉(xiāng)土主義（regionalism，localcolorism）O.Henry歐·亨利SherwoodAnderson安德森1876-1941Winesburg,Ohio《俄亥俄州瓦恩斯堡鎮(zhèn)》AmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——一戰(zhàn)前四個主要流派之三：“心理現(xiàn)實主義”（psychologicalrealism)HenryJames享利·詹姆斯1843-1916DaisyMiller苔瑟·米勒ThePortraitofaLady貴婦人畫像TheBostonians波士頓人TheRealThingandOtherTales真貨色及其他故事；TheWingsoftheDove鴿翼；TheAmbassadors大使；TheGoldenBowl金碗AmericanRealism

內(nèi)戰(zhàn)——一戰(zhàn)前四個主要流派之四：“自然主義”（naturalism)TheodoreDreiser西奧多·德萊塞1871-1945AnAmericanTragedy美國的悲劇SisterCarrie嘉莉姐妹JennieGerhardt珍妮姑娘;TrilogyofDesire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,TheTitan巨人,TheStoic);（被稱為美國最偉大的小說）StephenCrane斯蒂芬·克萊恩1871-1900TheRedBadgeofCourage紅色英勇勛章 Magic:AGirloftheStreets街頭女郎梅姬JackLondon杰克·倫敦1876-1916TheCalloftheWild野性的呼喚;TheSea-wolf海狼;WhiteFang白牙;MartinEden馬丁·伊登;AmericanRealism

美國現(xiàn)實主義·練習(xí)1.MarkTwainiswellknownforhis____.A.FrontierthemeB.InternationalthemeC.LocalcolorD.SymbolismAmericanRealism

美國現(xiàn)實主義·練習(xí)2.Thebookthatgivesafairlyaccurateaccountofsouthernplantationlifeis___.A.AnAmericanTragedyB.TheCalloftheWildC.UncleTom’sCabinD.TheSea-WolfAmericanRealism

美國現(xiàn)實主義·練習(xí)3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue