英語閱讀理解專題-推理判斷題課件

ReadingComprehension-InferenceQuestions閱讀理解專題--

推理判斷題ReadingComprehension-閱讀理解專題--1.

推斷隱含意義

2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度

3.推斷寫作目的

4.推斷文章出處

5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容

閱讀推理判斷題推斷題分類1.推斷隱含意義2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度3.推斷寫作目的1.Questionforms:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

.Fromthetextweknowthat…ismostlikely

.Whenthewritertalksabout…,whatthewriterreallymeansis

.Thewritersuggeststhat

.Thestoryimpliesthat

.Wecaninfer[conclude]fromthepassagethat

.

這類題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語。一、如何推斷隱含意義2.技巧點(diǎn)撥1).全面分析2).忠實(shí)原文3).不要選擇表層信息一、如何推斷隱含意義2.技巧點(diǎn)撥Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."（1分鐘）

●

Thesoundofthisbeetle________.A.pleasedpeople.B.surprisedpeople.C.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.3.Practice:1(passage1)DidyoueverhearastrangesoSeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbespottedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.

●Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison______.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatedandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledornearlydiedout2P2SeveraldifferentPassage3.（江西卷）Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying—holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering—canbebadforphysical(身體的)health.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don’tfightit.It’sanatural—andhealthy—emotionalresponse(反應(yīng)).（2分鐘）●Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.3Passage3.（江西卷）Justascrying二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：說明文中作者的態(tài)度:objective

neutral

（中立的）；在議論文中，有：(1)positive(積極的)(2)negative(3)neutral(中立的)(4)approval

(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)sarcastic（諷刺的）

(8)critical(批評(píng)的)(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic客觀的消極的漠不關(guān)心的(贊成的)不贊成的樂觀的悲觀的二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：說明文中作者的態(tài)度:obje1.Questionforms:Thewriter’sattitudetowards…is______.Thewriterthoughtthat______.Accordingtotheauthor______.2.技巧點(diǎn)撥注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。1.Questionforms:2.技巧點(diǎn)撥Passage4.Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦極跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有彈性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.

4Passage4.AroundtheworldmoreWhydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologists（心理學(xué)家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival（生存）.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.

（5分鐘）●Thewriterofthetexthasa____attitude（態(tài)度）towardsdangeroussports.

A.indifferent

B.negative

C.neutral

D.nervousWhydopeopletakepart三、如何推斷寫作目的1.Questionforms:(1)

考查整篇文章的寫作目的A.Thewriter’s

purposeofwritingthispassageisto_____.B.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?C.Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto_____.三、如何推斷寫作目的1.Questionforms:(2)

考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖A.Thewriterusestheexampleof…toshowthat_____.B.Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto_____.C.…arementionedinthefirstparagraphto_____.(2)考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫作意圖2.常見的寫作目的歸納不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的,但寫作目的通常有以下三種：(1)toentertainreaders（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑）(2)topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn)）(3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息）常見于故事類的文章。tomakepeoplelaugh;totellaninterestingexperience常見于廣告類的文章。tosellaproductoraservice;toattractmorevisitors/readers/audience多見于科普類﹑新聞報(bào)道類﹑文化類或社會(huì)類的文章.2.常見的寫作目的歸納常見于故事類的文章。tomake3.技巧點(diǎn)撥

(1)

根據(jù)文體類別推斷寫作目的(2)

從寫作手法來推斷寫作目的3.技巧點(diǎn)撥Passage5.“Haveyoueverbeenoutonaboatandfeltitliftedupbyawave?Orhaveyoujumpedinthewaterandfelttherushofenergyaswavescameoveryou?”askedJamieTayloroftheWaveEnergyGroupattheUniversityofEdinburgh.“Thereiscertainlyalotofenergyinwaves,”hesaid.（1.5分鐘）●Thewriterusesthetwoquestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto______.A.testthereaders’knowledgeaboutwavesB.drawthereaders’attentiontothetopicC.showJamieTaylor’simportanceD.invitethereaderstoanswerthem5Passage5.“HaveyoueverbeenPassage6AyoungmanfromavillagecalledNawalapitiyamarriedayoungwomanfromMaliyuwa,anearbyvillage.Theylivedwiththeman'sbigfamily-hisparents,hisbrothers,theirwivesandchildren.Thefamilykeptanelephant,inwhichtheyoungwomansoontookagreatinterest.Everydayshefeditwithfruitandsugar.Threemonthslaterthewomanwentbacktoherparents'home,havingquarreledwithherhusband.Soontheelephantrefusedtoeatorwork.Itappearedtobeillandheart-broken.Onemorningafterseveralweekstheanimaldisappearedfromthehouse.Itwenttothewoman'shome.Onseeingher,theelephantwaveditstrunkandtouchedherwithit.Theyoungwomanwassomovedbytheactoftheanimalthatshereturnedtoherhusband'shome.（3分鐘）

●Thewriterwrotethestoryinorderto________.A.showthatelephantsareverycleverB.tellhowawomantrainedawildanimalC.showthatwomencaremoreforanimalsthanmendoD.tellhowananimalreunitedahusbandandwife6Passage6Ayoungmanfromavi

1.Questionforms:Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom______.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?Thepassageismostlikelyapartof___.四、如何推斷文章出處2.解題技巧這類問題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：(1)報(bào)紙

(2)廣告(3)產(chǎn)品說明：

四、如何推斷文章出處2.解題技巧Passage7（全國卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(藥片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(緩解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount(量).Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.●Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.（2分鐘）

A.textbookB.newsreelC.doctor’snotebookD.bottleofmedicine7Passage7（全國卷）Doyoualwaysund2.解題技巧推測下文的內(nèi)容：根據(jù)作者的思路進(jìn)行推理推測上文的內(nèi)容：關(guān)注第一段，特別是文段開始的幾句話。五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

Questionforms:Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_______Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss______.2.解題技巧五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

QuestionformPassage8Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood,theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment.Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid.Whenhumanslearnedtomakefi