新概念英語第三冊Lesson-17語言點

L17課堂筆記Newwordsandexpressions1.suspension[s?'spen?n]n.懸掛；暫停；（因違規(guī)而）停職，停課⑴suspensionbridge吊橋thesuspensionofthepeacetalks和平談判的終止Anniegota3-daysuspensionforsmokinginschool.⑵suspendsth.fromsth.把某物掛在某物上Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling.hangfromsth.掛在某物上（主動）Inthecorneroftheroomwasalargelamp,hangingfromtheceiling.暫停，終止Theferryservicehasbeensuspendedforthedaybecauseofbadweather.停職；聽課Thepolicemanwassuspendedwhilethecomplaintwasinvestigated.2.situation[s?t?u'e??n]n.地點，位置；情況，處境⑴表地點、位置時situation=locationabeautifulsituation/locationoverlookingthevalley可以俯瞰山谷的優(yōu)美的位置Hisapartmentisinareallygoodsituation/location.⑵情況；處境Shefoundherselfinanembarrassingsituation.⑶Themonasteryissituated/located/sitedinavalley.使位于拓stand/sit/lie站、坐、躺用主動Neartherailwaystationstoodahotel.ThehousesitsontopofahillThetownliesonthecoast.3.immortal[?'m?:tl]adj.永生的；流芳百世的Platobelievedthatthesoulisimmortal.柏拉圖認為靈魂是永生的。theimmortalShakespeare不朽的莎士比亞反mortaladj.會死的，終有一死的；致命的Allhumanbeingsaremortal.amortalwound形近詞immorala.不道德的反moralIt'simmoraltosteal.thedeclineofmoralstandards道德標準的下降4.span[sp?n]n.跨度；一段時間Thearchhasaspanof60meters.Iworkedwithhimoveraspanofsixyears.Theprojectmustbecompletedwithinaspecifictimespan.Smallchildrenhaveashortattentionspan.拓lifespann.壽命Menhaveashorterlifespanthanwomen.5.concrete['k??kri:t]n.混凝土modernbuildingsmadeofconcretea.①混凝土制造的aconcretefloor/wall/building②具體的；確鑿的concreteevidence/proposals/examples反abstracta.抽象的Beautyitselfisabstract.6.capacity[k?'p?s?ti]n.容量，承受量；（人的）能力capacityof……的承受量/容量Thestadiumhasaseatingcapacityof50,000.這個體育館能夠做下50000人。capacityfor…做某事的能力Hehasagreatcapacityforwork.capacitytodo…（具體的）做某事的能力hercapacitytoreadandwriteabilitytodo…做某事的能力Ourabilitytothinkandspeakmakesusdifferentfromotheranimals.capabilitytodo…做某事的能力=capabilityof…Youhavethecapabilitytodo/ofdoingthisjobwell.powersof……的能力Teachershavetheresponsibilitytodevelopstudents'powersofcriticalthinking（批判性思維）.aptitudefor……的能力（強調(diào)先天的）AtanearlyageSusanshowedanaptitudeforlanguages.Notesonthetext1.①knowof/about…=hearof/about…=learnof/about…大概了解…；聽說過…Idon'tknowhimpersonally,thoughIknowof/abouthim.②在正式書面語中，若關系代詞做介詞賓語，需將介詞置于關系代詞之前，非正式文體無此限制。（正式）ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedfor10years.（非正式）ThisisthehousewhichIlivedinfor10years.③aboutwhom/whichlittleisknown鮮為人知的造句：Mary和她的丈夫Dimitri住在Perachora，一個鮮為人知的希臘小村莊。MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinPerachora,atinyGreekvillageaboutwhichlittleissb.…給某人取名字WenamedourdaughterSBafterA按照A給B取名字Hewasnamedafterhisfather.3.describe…as(being)…把…描述成為是Themanwasdescribedas(being)tallanddark,andagedabout20.4.agreeableadj.pleasant令人愉快的，怡人的Wespentamostagreeableeveningbytheriver.Hedescribeditas'averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver.'5.書面語midst:middleinthemidstofthecrowd拓whilst:whileamongst:among6.Inthemidstoftwosmallhillsflowedagreatriver.→Agreatriverflowedinthemidstoftwosmallhills.知識回顧：全部倒裝把全部謂語置于主語之前。（1）表示位置或次序的狀語置于句首，只要滿足兩個條件，要用全部倒裝。①主語不是代詞。②謂語動詞不是及物動詞。Asubwaystationstandsinfrontofahugeshoppingmall.→Infrontofahugeshoppingmallstandsasubwaystation.造句：這家飯館的位置非常方便，位于一家大型購物中心的正中央，在購物中心前有一座地鐵站。Therestaurantisinaveryconvenientsituation.Itislocatedrightinthecenterofahugeshoppingmall.Asubwaystationstandsinfrontoftheshoppingmall.→Therestaurantisinaveryconvenientsituationlocatedrightinthecenterofahugeshoppingmallinfrontofwhichstandsasubwaystation.7.（2）“絕不”“一點也不”置于句首倒裝8.consider…tobe…把…認為是…Weconsiderthis(tobe)veryimportant.Hewasconsidered(tobe)aweakleader.9.willremainimmortal將會流芳百世ThenameofLeiFengwillremainimmortal.Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered（將永遠被人牢記，可指好事或壞事）,forshewentdownonherfirstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.10.joinAtoB把A和B連接在一起Theislandisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge.=linkAwith/toB=connectAwith/toB這兩個不僅可以表物理上的聯(lián)系，也可以表頭腦中的、抽象的聯(lián)系。11.haveaspanof有…的跨度（形容拱）of可以引出數(shù)量值attheageof52anincreaseof3%Theplatformsextendtoadepthofover100feetunderthesea.12.take…intoaccount（做決定/判斷時）考慮…情況/因素Ifyoutakeinflationintoaccount,weactuallyspendlessnow.Wemusttakeintoaccounttheboy’slongillness.=takeaccountof…Thesefiguresdonottakeaccountofchangesintherateofinflation.=take…intoconsiderationIalwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.Beforewecometoadecision,wemusttakeintoconsiderationalltherelevantfacts.Thecandidates'experiencewillbetakenintoconsideration.13.extendtoadepthof…深達…=godowntoasmuchas…Thedeepestholesofallaremadeforoil,andtheygodowntoasmuchas25,000feet.拓stand…h(huán)igh有…高（L3）Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.risetoaheightof…高達…Abovethesurfaceofthewater,thetowersrisetoaheightofnearly700feet.14.take(sb.)sometime(todosth.)（在某物上）花費（某人）多長時間Thesealone（單單是，光是）took16monthstobuild.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.Ittookmeoverhalfanhourtogetridofhim.15.由…組成（L13）：Eachofthefourcablesconsistsof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablesismadeupof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablesiscomposedof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablescomprises26,108lengthsofwire.16.alengthofropeetc一根；一截；一段asumofmoney一筆錢abarofchocolate一塊巧克力asliceofbutter一片黃油aloafofbread一個面包atubeoftoothpaste一管牙膏abunchofgrapes/bananas一串a(chǎn)flash/boltoflightning一道閃電agustofwind一陣風apaneofglass一塊窗玻璃abouquetofflowers一束鮮花17.itisestimatedthat…據(jù)估計itissaidthat…據(jù)說itisbelievedthat…認為itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道18.虛擬語氣先回顧：L12wish型、L15shoulddo型再觀察：觀察一：Itissaidthatifanyonetouchesthetree,hewillhavebadluck;ifhepicksaleaf,hewilldie.觀察二：Ithasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.“if”型的虛擬語氣eq\o\ac(○,1)與現(xiàn)在事實相反。If+S.+did/were,S.+would/should/could/might+doIfyoulivedintheMediterranean,forinstance,youwouldconsideroctopusagreatdelicacy.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewsonherfavouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.eq\o\ac(○,2)與過去事實相反If+S.+haddone,S.+would/should/could/might+havedoneIftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.eq\o\ac(○,3)與未來趨勢相反If+S.+shoulddo,S.+would/should/could/might+doIf+S.+did/weretodo,S.+would/should/could/might+doIfitshouldraintomorrow,youcouldstayathome.Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldlendyouthemoney.IfyouweretoaskHarrywhatwasinthebottle,hewouldtellyouthatitcontainedperfumedmud.19.擠滿了；裝滿了（可替換）bepackedwith…becrowdedwith…becrammedwith…bethrongedwith…Theislandwaspackedwithtour