活塞式壓縮機設計大作業(yè)

./活塞式壓縮機大型作業(yè)<2009>一、題目：復算19WY—9/150型氫氮氣壓縮機在目前操作條件下的各級壓力、排氣溫度、排氣量、功率,作出計算示功圖、切向力圖、活塞力圖、標明最大活塞力與切向力,核算配用電機功率是否適當？二、19WY—9/150型壓縮機簡介19WY—9/150型壓縮機是我省是期投產3000噸小型化肥廠的氮氫氣壓縮機,二列是間為飛輪,由電機通過三角皮帶拖動。壓縮機為臥式、兩列、門型,四級壓縮。原料〔半水煤氣經脫硫后進入Ⅰ級,經Ⅰ級壓縮后送去變換、水洗、碳化、碳化后,為碳化氣。碳化氣返回Ⅱ級、Ⅲ、Ⅳ級壓縮后去洗銅、合成。三、目前操作條件與有關數(shù)據〔1操作條件：吸氣壓力0.15MPa<絕>排氣壓力16.0MPa<絕>Ⅰ級出口與Ⅱ級進口壓力差△P=0.09MPa吸氣溫度：級ⅠⅡⅢⅣts<℃>30354040Ⅰ級進口相對濕度ф=1〔2氣體組成組分N2H2CO2COO2ArCH4半水煤氣0.210.390.120.260.0050.00450.0105碳化氣0.2370.7090.0050.0290.0030.0050.012〔3有關數(shù)據〔3有關數(shù)據活塞行程：S=310mm,活塞桿直徑d=60mm轉速：n=228轉/分連桿比λ=r/L=150/700=0.2143Ⅰ—Ⅳ列超前Ⅱ—Ⅲ列90o往復運動件重量：Ⅰ—Ⅳ列210.9Kg;Ⅱ—Ⅲ列193.7KgⅠⅡⅢⅣ直徑D34021013565相對余隙α0.0650.150.160.1抽氣系數(shù)μ10.890.890.89飛輪矩GD2為471.0Kg-m2配用電機額定功率：155kW解：1.由于各級間溫度變化不大,所以各氣體的熱熔比取由書本圖1-2,各氣體等熵指數(shù)分別取N2：K=1.40H2:K=1.40CO2:K=1.28CO:K=1.40O2:K=1.40Ar:K=1.66CH4:K=1.27根據公式1-14可得原料〔半水煤氣的等熵指數(shù)為K=1.379碳化氣的等熵指數(shù)K=1.397一.初算各級壓力比各級的行程容積根據式子可計算=0.0544=0.0171=0.0035=0.0010又已知吸氣壓力0.15MPa<絕>排氣壓力16.0MPa<絕>即=0.15MPa=16.0MPa==0.15四級的名義壓力比為：3.確定各級新的容積系數(shù)由書本表2-1可得膨脹指數(shù)計算公式,且第一級K=1.379,二,三,四級的K=1.397多變指數(shù)第一級=1.19多變指數(shù)第二級=1.20多變指數(shù)第三級=1.25多變指數(shù)第四級=1.30理想氣體的容積系數(shù)根據公式2-10可求得4.確定各級工況系數(shù)C抽氣系數(shù)由公式得所以要進行復算〔二第一次復算1.重新確定初值P得2.確定各級容積系數(shù)3.確定各級工況常數(shù)所以要進行第二次復算〔三第二次復算1.重新確定初值P2.確定各級容積系數(shù)3.確定各級工況常數(shù)所以要進行第三次復算〔四第三次復算1.重新確定初值P2.確定各級容積系數(shù)3.確定各級工況常數(shù)精度足夠,所以確定各級壓力位第級吸氣壓力P=0.15MPa排氣壓力P=0.737MPa第級吸氣壓力P=0.647MPa排氣壓力P=2.909MPa第級吸氣壓力P=2.909MPa排氣壓力P=8.513MPa第級吸氣壓力P=8.513MPa排氣壓力P=16.0MPa二各級排氣溫度根據書本公式2-25計算〔其中為吸氣溫度又過程指數(shù)對低壓級可取,中高壓取n=k,所以取=1.39可得三排氣量的計算根據值理論計算由書本公式2-29得〔其中為各級氣缸的行程容積,；分別為氣缸的容積系數(shù),壓力系數(shù),溫度系數(shù)；無氣體泄漏是取取1；n為壓縮機轉速,根據的壓力比查溫度系數(shù)與壓力比的關系圖2-12可得各級的溫度系數(shù)0.93,0.91,0.94,0.96,壓力系數(shù)〔一般取0.98到1.0取因為所以泄漏系數(shù)泄漏系數(shù)取=0.97,=0.97,=0.95,=0.94,所以壓縮機的排氣系數(shù)為=0.82,=0.63,=0.78,=0.940.93,0.91,0.94,0.96=0.97,=0.97,=0.95,=0.94同理第二級的吸氣系數(shù)為=0.0544=0.0171=0.0035=0.0010所以四功率的計算計算各級指示功率和軸功率由公式可計算第級第級第級第級所以,壓縮機總的指示功率取機械效率取,則壓縮機的軸功率又電機功率余度10%,而>155所以該電機規(guī)格不符?；钊\動分析活塞的位移公式為活塞的位移近似式為活塞的加速度為式中,,對運動機構,習慣用理論力學的達朗貝爾原理進行受力分析,即將運動剛體視為靜止,加上慣性力,運用靜力學平衡方程。作用在連桿機構上的幾個主要作用力：慣性力、氣體力、摩擦力、摩擦力矩等。并畫它們與轉角關系的曲線圖。慣性力由已知,得：摩擦力與摩擦力矩往復摩擦力的計算公式為為機械效率為指示功率S為行程為每秒轉速,r/s旋轉摩擦力矩的計算公式為：旋轉摩擦力的計算公式為：氣體力其中P為氣體力,N為活塞的有效面積,為作用在有效面積上的氣體壓力,Pa求出轉角對應的活塞當量位移x蓋側對應于汽缸容積的活塞當量位移,就是活塞位移的值：軸側對應于汽缸容積的當量位移則另為：即對于的值可以查表。壓縮過程任意點的壓力為：膨脹過程任意點的壓力為：排氣過程任意點的壓力為：吸氣過程任意點的壓力為：為余隙容積的當量行程。分別為膨脹過程任意點的壓力與膨脹始點壓力。與壓縮過程的意義一樣。壓縮始點壓力級次進氣壓力<MP>排氣壓力<MP>余隙容積的當量行程,m行程過程指數(shù)第一級0.150.7370.020.311.39第二級0.6472.9090.050.311.4第三級2.9098.5130.050.311.4第四級8.513160.030.311.4根據以上畫出示功圖同理,可得到第級的指示功圖活塞力切向力數(shù)據角度弧度氣體力蓋1氣體力蓋2氣體力軸1氣體力軸2摩擦力1摩擦力200-107.633-77.15813.48342.991900100.174533-94.5483-71.857514.8033646.949191.0351.036200.349066-68.7338-59.41615.3229448.493121.0351.036300.523599-46.5692-45.874416.2345951.184411.0351.036400.698132-36.7264-34.626817.6138255.214241.0351.036500.872665-34.9374-26.301319.5819260.880641.0351.036601.047198-34.9374-20.395522.3259768.624221.0351.036701.22173-34.9374-18.441826.1323579.082261.0351.036801.396263-34.9374-18.441831.4435393.168171.0351.036901.570796-34.9374-18.441838.9554112.18331.0351.0361001.745329-34.9374-18.441849.78745129.53021.0351.0361101.919862-34.9374-18.441855.107138.68531.0351.0361202.094395-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361302.268928-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361402.443461-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361502.617994-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361602.792527-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361702.96706-34.9374-18.441855.107139.5031.0351.0361803.141593-34.9374-18.441855.107139.503001903.316126-38.247-20.093648.99303132.5857-1.035-1.0362003.490658-39.1741-20.553836.25935115.0567-1.035-1.0362103.665191-40.7951-21.35624.6481893.55904-1.035-1.0362203.839724-43.2352-22.557416.5442873.36202-1.035-1.0362304.014257-46.6954-24.24913.48356.76922-1.035-1.0362404.18879-51.4857-26.56813.48345.91191-1.035-1.0362504.363323-58.081-29.719213.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362604.537856-67.2167-34.008713.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362704.712389-80.056-39.898113.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362804.886922-90.9679-48.091513.48342.9919-1.035-1.0362905.061455-101.865-59.669213.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363005.235988-107.633-76.277413.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363105.410521-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363205.585054-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363305.759586-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363405.934119-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363506.108652-107.633-77.15813.48342.9919-1.035-1.0363606.283185-107.633-77.15813.48342.991900角度慣性力1慣性力2活塞力1活塞力2切向力1切向力2017.547616.1172-76.6024-18.0489001017.1490715.75116-61.5609-8.12115-12.9491-1.708262015.981514.67876-36.39444.79188-14.96781.9707413014.1261912.97469-15.173419.3207-9.0110811.474034011.7097210.7552-6.3678632.37864-4.7781324.29533508.8916328.166827-5.4288543.78217-4.7474738.28703605.84925.3724-5.7272354.63712-5.5103452.56802702.7609872.535924-5.0090664.21238-5.0665664.9494480-0.20897-0.19193-2.6678475.57044-2.7296377.3209290-2.9246-2.68622.128492.09132.128492.0913100-5.28748-4.8564710.59757107.267910.03009101.5239110-7.24173-6.6514213.96287114.628112.1184799.4865120-8.7738-8.058612.4308114.03869.5707387.80067130-9.90733-9.0997311.29727112.99757.42907974.30711140-10.694-9.8222910.51058112.27495.62552260.09228150-11.2016-10.288510.00301111.80874.06249945.40861160-11.5008-10.56339.703848111.53392.64695330.4235170-11.6526-10.70289.551981111.39441.30814315.25546180-11.6984-10.74488.4712110.316400190-11.6526-10.7028-1.94159100.75330.2659-13.7982200-11.5008-10.5633-15.450582.903644.214486-22.6139210-11.2016-10.2885-28.383560.8785511.52733-24.7245220-10.694-9.82229-38.419939.9463320.56329-21.3803230-9.90734-9.09973-44.154722.3844929.03614-14.72240-8.7738-8.0586-47.811510.2493136.81106-7.89115250-7.24173-6.65142-52.87475.58527845.89034-4.8475260-5.28748-4.85647-60.05623.09072856.84029-2.92523270-2.9246-2.6862-70.5326-0.628470.53260.628401280-0.20897-0.19193-78.7289-6.3275380.552516.4741032902.7609852.535923-86.656-15.177487.6506915.351593005.8491985.372399-89.3358-28.949185.9526827.852813108.891638.166825-86.2934-27.035375.4626223.6420632011.7097210.7552-83.4753-24.446962.6357518.3437633014.1261912.97469-81.0588-22.227448.138613.2002534015.981514.67876-79.2035-20.523332.573788.44057235017.1490715.75115-78.0359-19.450916.414594.0914436017.547616.1172-76.6024-18.048900氣體力數(shù)據度數(shù)P1蓋P0P4蓋A1A14A4A000.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002830.1745330.538620.114.282840.0880.08750.003320.002830.3490660.3800760.110.685890.0880.08750.003320.002830.5235990.252280.17.377910.0880.08750.003320.002830.6981320.1704460.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002830.8726650.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.0471980.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.221730.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.3962630.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.5707960.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.7453290.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002831.9198620.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.0943950.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.2689280.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.4434610.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.6179940.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.7925270.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002832.967060.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002833.1415930.150.16.570.0880.08750.003320.002833.3161260.16440.17.1873570.0880.08750.003320.002833.4906580.168440.17.3601180.0880.08750.003320.002833.6651910.1755110.17.6620070.0880.08750.003320.002833.8397240.1861710.18.1160250.0880.08750.003320.002834.0142570.2013210.18.7589860.0880.08750.003320.002834.188790.2223580.19.6474110.0880.08750.003320.002834.3633230.2514410.110.867430.0880.08750.003320.002834.5378560.2919540.112.551440.0880.08750.003320.002834.7123890.3493240.114.906660.0880.08750.003320.002834.8869220.4325480.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.0614550.5570870.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.2359880.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.4105210.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.5850540.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.7595860.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002835.9341190.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002836.1086520.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.002836.2831850.6230.1160.0880.08750.003320.00283xFg蓋1Fg軸1Fg1p1軸p4軸x軸0-107.63313.483-94.149500.156.570.30.002701-94.548314.80336-79.7449100.1650047.2131940.2972990.010686-68.733815.32294-53.4108200.1709087.4655610.2893140.023605-46.569216.23459-30.3346300.1812687.9073650.2763950.040902-36.726417.61382-19.1126400.1969418.5733720.2590980.061846-34.937419.58192-15.3555500.2193069.5188230.2381540.085579-34.937422.32597-12.6114600.25048810.827590.2144210.11117-34.937426.13235-8.80505700.29374312.62540.188830.137664-34.937431.44353-3.49387800.35409715.10110.1623360.164142-34.937438.95544.018003900.439459160.1358580.189758-34.937449.7874514.850051000.562551160.1102420.213776-34.937455.10720.16961100.623160.0862240.235579-34.937455.10720.16961200.623160.0644210.254682-34.937455.10720.16961300.623160.0453180.270715-34.937455.10720.16961400.623160.0292850.283412-34.937455.10720.16961500.623160.0165880.292593-34.937455.10720.16961600.623160.007