商務(wù)英語閱讀（第1冊）第二版 課件 Unit 3 Companies、Unit 4 Employees

商務(wù)英語閱讀1UNIT3cOMPANIES

Explorethetypesofdigitalpowerthatbigtechscontrol.

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Understandhowbigtechsexertinfluenceonourlives..

LearntheconceptofCSRanditsapplicationinChina.

UnderstandthedriverswhichpromoteCSRdevelopmentinChina.Developreadingskillsabouthowtofindthemainideaby

locatingthemesentences.LearningObjectivesContentsTextATextBChineseValuesReadingSkills01040302行業(yè)PPT模板/hangye/Digitalpower:HowBigTechDrawsItsInfluenceTextAWarmingup1.Couldyoulistsomebigtechcompaniesathomeandabroad?Whatisthecorebusinessofthesecompaniesrespectively?Warmingup2.Asaconsumer,didyouhaveanyunpleasantexperiencewithbigtechcompanies?3.Inwhatwaydoyouthinktechgiantsinfluenceourlives?WordsandExpressionseruptv.tostarthappening,suddenlyandviolently突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)（CET-6;TEM-4）Violenceeruptedoutsidetheembassygates.WordsandExpressionsoverhaulv.toexamineasystemormethodcarefullyandmakemanychangesinitinordertoimproveit改革;修訂(CET-6)Thecompanyjustannouncedamanagementshakeuptooverhaulitslegal,corporate-financeandgovernment-affairsunits.WordsandExpressionscurtailv.tolimitsthormakeitlastforashortertime限制(CET-6;TEM-8)Whetheritwillgreatlycurtailgoldfarmingremainstobeseen.WordsandExpressionsecosystemn.asystemformedbytheinteractionofacommunityoforganismswiththeirphysicalenvironment生態(tài)系統(tǒng)(CET-6;TEM-4)Themostsuccessfuleconomicecosystemscontainavarietyofbigandsmallcompanies:siliconValleyboastslong-establishednamesaswellasanever-changingarrayofstart-ups.WordsandExpressionswieldv.tohaveandusepower,authority,etc.擁有，運用，行使，支配（權(quán)力等）(CET-6;TEM-8)Shewieldsenormouspowerwithintheparty.WordsandExpressionsdetrimentn.theactofcausingharmordamage

傷害；損害(CET-4)Hewasengrossedinhisjobtothedetrimentofhishealth.WordsandExpressionsaccruev.toallowasumofmoneyordebtstogrowoveraperiodoftime（使錢款、債務(wù)）積累(TEM-8)Thefirmhadaccrueddebtsofover$6m.WordsandExpressionsderivefrom

togetsth.fromsth.（從…中）得到，獲得Thetwofirmsderive48%and27%oftheirtotalconsolidatedrevenuesfromprincipaltransactionsrespectively.WordsandExpressionsoutstripv.tobefaster,betterormoresuccessfulthansb.youarecompetingagainst超過，超越（競爭對手）(SAT;GRE)Theirlatestcomputeroutstripsallitsrivals.WordsandExpressionsopacityn.thefactofbeingdifficulttounderstand費解；難懂（GRE）Itsdramaticnuanceswereoftengeneralizedtothepointofopacity.WordsandExpressionsbenoslouch

tobeverygoodatsthorquicktodosth.擅長于；干得麻利She’snoslouchontheguitar.WordsandExpressionswrestlewith

tostruggletodealwithsth.thatisdifficult奮力對付；努力處理Shehadspentthewholeweekendwrestlingwiththeproblem.WordsandExpressionsarticulationn.theexpressionofanideaorafeelinginwords（思想感情的）表達(dá)(CET-6;TEM-8)Thiswasseenasawayofrestrictingwomen’sarticulationofgrievances.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4BigTechsareexertingdigitalpoweronsociety,whichwehaven’tencouteredbefore.Para.5-10Elaborationsonthreetypesofdigitalpowerandhowthesepowercomeintobeing.Para.11-14Societyneedsnewapproachtoregulatebigtechcompanies.NotesonTextA1.

Theveryexistenceofdigitalpowerisnotnecessarilycauseforconcerninitself–societiesareecosystemsinwhichvariousformsofpowercoexist.數(shù)字權(quán)力的存在本身并不一定值得擔(dān)憂，因為社會是各種形式的權(quán)力共存的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。causeforconcern的意思為“令人擔(dān)心”。NotesonTextA2.

Fivecompanies(Apple,Amazon,Alphabet,FacebookandMicrosoft)areprojectedtoaccountforafifthofallearningsaccruedbytheS&P500by2023...到2023年，五家公司（蘋果、亞馬遜、谷歌、臉書和微軟）預(yù)計將占標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)(S&P500)應(yīng)計所有盈利的五分之一。accrued會計專業(yè)用語，表示“應(yīng)計的；增值的；權(quán)責(zé)已發(fā)生的”，比如accruedinterest應(yīng)得利息,accruedexpenses應(yīng)計費用。NotesonTextA3.

Althoughautomateddecisionsarenotnecessarilydrivenbyartificialintelligence,thetechgiantsareattheforefrontofAIresearchandthesophisticationoftheiralgorithmicdecision-makingfaroutstripsthatofanyotherentity.盡管自動化決策不一定由人工智能驅(qū)動，但這些科技巨頭處于人工智能研究的前沿，其算法決策的復(fù)雜程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過任何其他實體。attheforefrontof表示“處于...的前沿”。DiscussionShouldgovernmentsregulatetechgiants?Whyorwhynot?CorporateSocialResponsibilityinChina:GoodforBusinessIsGoodforUsTextBWordsandExpressionsstereotype

n.afixedgeneralimageorsetofcharacteristicsthatalotofpeoplebelieverepresentaparticulartypeofpersonorthing模式化形象;成見(CET-4;TEM-4)There’salwaysbeenastereotypeaboutsuccessfulbusinessmen.WordsandExpressionsdiscourse?n.spokenorwrittencommunicationbetweenpeople,especiallyseriousdiscussionofaparticular

subject（某專題的）會話(CET-6;TEM-4)Sincelifeformostisnolongeradailystruggleforbasicnecessitiestomeetphysicalneeds,topicsofpublicdiscoursearebeginningtotouchonaspectsoflifewehaveseldomaddressedbefore.WordsandExpressionstransparencyn.thequalitythatanobjectorsubstancehaswhenyoucanseethroughit透明性(CET-4)Iappreciateallofyourworktogivetheindustrymoretransparency.WordsandExpressionscompliancen.actingaccordingtocertainacceptedstandards,forexamplealaw,treaty,oragreement遵從(CET-6;TEM-4)Inspectorsweresenttovisitnuclearsitesandverifycompliancewiththetreaty.WordsandExpressionsentrenchv.Ifsomethingsuchaspower,acustom,oranideaisentrenched,itisfirmlyestablished,sothatitwouldbedifficulttochangeit.鞏固(CET-6;TEM-4)Thesedictatorshaveentrenchedthemselvespoliticallyandaredifficulttomove.WordsandExpressionsget/gaintheupperhand

togetthepositionofadvantageandcontrol處于有利地位，占上風(fēng)Thetwosidesweresowell-matchedthatneithercouldgaintheupperhand.WordsandExpressionsproactiveadj.intendedtocausechanges,ratherthanjustreactingtochange積極行動的Inordertosurvivethecompetition,acompanyshouldbeproactive,notreactive.WordsandExpressionscollaborationn.actofworkingjointly合作(CET6;TEM4)Thereissubstantialcollaborationwithneighbouringdepartments.WordsandExpressionscontemporaryadj.modernandrelatetothepresenttime當(dāng)代的(CET-4;TEM-4)Herubbishedmostofthenovelswrittenbycontemporarywriters.WordsandExpressionsfauxpasn.asociallyembarrassingactionormistake(法語)失禮ManyWesternersconsiderdeathataboosubjectandasocialfauxpaswhenbroachedinconversation,especiallywhenitreferstosomeonewhohasrecentlydied.WordsandExpressionssavvy

n.&

adj.

havingagoodunderstandingandpracticalknowledgeofsomething有見解的；精明的（GRE）Management,leadershipandabusinesssavvyapproachareneededinthenon-profitworldaswell.WordsandExpressionslookto

Ifyoulooktosomeoneorsomethingforaparticularthingthatyouwant,youexpectorhopethattheywillprovideit.指望Herunstheteambecausehecommandstheirrespect.Thekidsreallylooktohim.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3Corporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)hasbecomeatrendinChinainthelastdecadeandChinaistryingitsbesttoachievethesuccessinsustainability.Para.4GovernmentregulationandcomplianceistheincentivesinthepromotionofCSR.Para.5-6MNCsandglobalcompetitionisanotherdriverofCSRdevelopment.Para.7-9Civilsociety,newmediaandpublicopinionareallmajorplayersinthepromotionandimplementationofCSRactivities.NotesonTextB1.

...anuncontrollablehyper-capitalisteconomywreakinghavocontheenvironment,corruption,andproductandfoodsafetyscandals.（中國實行的是）一種難以駕馭的超級資本主義經(jīng)濟體制，對環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重破壞，并且?guī)砀瘮『透鞣N產(chǎn)品、食品安全丑聞。這里作者提到了西方對中國的一種刻板印象，是對中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的偏見。NotesonTextB2.

...companiesthatfailtoimplementCSRpoliciesandpracticeswillfindthemselveswrestlingwithconsequencesofthefalloutintheirhostcountries.未能踐行企業(yè)社會責(zé)任的公司就得絞盡腦汁處理在東道國產(chǎn)生的不良影響所帶來的后果。wrestlewith意思為“努力處理；全力解決”。NotesonTextB3.

Asof2009,withtheopeningupandallowanceofcivildiscoursebytheCentralGovernment,morethan425,000NGOswereseenoperatinginChina.截至2009年，隨著中央政府對民間話語的開放和允許，超過42.5萬個非政府組織在中國開始運作。NotesonTextB4.

Chinahasapproximately400millennialswhoexpressthemselvesquiteliberallyonenvironmentalandconsumerconcerns.中國目前大約有400名千禧一代的年輕人在環(huán)境和消費者問題上暢所欲言。DiscussionInyouropinion,howshouldacompanyimplementitssocialresponsibilities?ChineseValues1.

必須堅持科技是第一生產(chǎn)力、人才是第一資源、創(chuàng)新是第一動力，深入實施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強國戰(zhàn)略、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。Wemustregardscienceandtechnologyasourprimaryproductiveforce,talentasourprimaryresource,andinnovationasourprimarydriverofgrowth.WewillfullyimplementthestrategyforinvigoratingChinathroughscienceandeducation,theworkforcedevelopmentstrategyandtheinnovation-drivendevelopmentstrategy.ChineseValues2.

加快實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。堅持面向世界科技前沿、面向經(jīng)濟主戰(zhàn)場、面向國家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快實現(xiàn)高水平科技自立自強。Acceleratingtheimplementationoftheinnovationdrivendevelopmentstrategy.Settingoursightsontheglobalfrontiersofscienceandtechnologynationaleconomicdevelopmentthemajorneedsofthecountry,andthehealthandsafetyofthepeopleweshouldspeedupeffortstoachievegreaterself-relianceandstrengthinscienceandtechnology.ChineseValuesReadjingSkills理解大意：尋找主題句、為文章選擇標(biāo)題文章主題常常可以通過文章的寫作方法來體現(xiàn)，有以下幾種情況：1.主題句位于句首。主題句出現(xiàn)在文首，開門見山，提出主題，隨之用細(xì)節(jié)來解釋、支撐主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想。這是英語中最常見的演繹寫作法。2.主題句位于段末。主題句出現(xiàn)在文章結(jié)尾是作者采用了先擺事實，后做結(jié)論的手法。這種段落稱作歸納型段落。這是英語中最常見的歸納寫作法。3.主題句首尾呼應(yīng)。為突出主題，作者先提出主題，結(jié)尾時再次點出主題，這種首尾呼應(yīng)的寫作方法也較為多見。通常，前后表述主題的句子不是簡單的重復(fù)，后面的表述往往有進一步的引申或發(fā)展的意味。4.主題句位于段落的中間。主題句出現(xiàn)在文章的中間，通常前面只提出問題，文章的主題由隨之陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出，而后又作進一步的解釋、說明或發(fā)展。

5.主題句隱含在段意之中。全文沒有明確的主題句。其中心思想包含在各個句子中，在這種情況下，讀者要把所有已知的細(xì)節(jié)綜合起來，進行邏輯推理，概括歸納出主題句。ReadingSkills

選擇標(biāo)題屬主旨大意題，是閱讀理解題常考的題型之一。它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析主人公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者寫作意圖，在此基礎(chǔ)上，所選出的標(biāo)題還應(yīng)做到概括性、針對性、醒目性的有機結(jié)合。1.概括性原則。要求標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大限度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主旨。標(biāo)題實際上是文章主題的一種確認(rèn)方式。通過尋找主題句，往往很容易確定短文的標(biāo)題。但大多數(shù)文章的主題句并不明顯，需要讀者通過體會字里行間蘊含的意思從整體上把握文章的主旨，從全局的角度概括歸納出文章的標(biāo)題。2.針對性原則。針對性原則是對標(biāo)題外延的一種界定。概括性原則要求文章標(biāo)題包括文章的主要內(nèi)容。但如果標(biāo)題過大，就違背了針對性原則。針對性原則要求標(biāo)題不能太過于概括，而是要直接指向文章的主旨。即標(biāo)題不能太大也不能太小。要量體裁衣，大小適度。3.醒目性原則。標(biāo)題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂。標(biāo)題的好壞往往會影響文章的可讀性。讀者往往從標(biāo)題上決定文章的閱讀取舍，故標(biāo)題往往比較醒目，甚至比較離奇，目的是吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。所以在選擇標(biāo)題的過程中，在滿足概括性和針對性的條件下，還要考慮標(biāo)題的醒目性。ReadingSkills商務(wù)英語閱讀1UNIT4EMPLOYEES

Explorethefeaturesofagoodmanager.

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Understandhowmanagersexertinfluenceontheiremployees.

ExploretheenlightenedapproachtodevelopingtheworkforceinChina.

UnderstandthedifferencesbetweentheyoungChineseworkersandtheirparents.Developreadingskillsabouthowtodistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.LearningObjectivesContentsTextATextBChineseValuesReadingSkills01040302行業(yè)PPT模板/hangye/BeaCoach,NotaBoss:5StepsforInspiringEmployeestoGreatnessTextAWarmingupInyourlife,isthereanypersonwhohascoachedyou?Howdidthattakeplace?Warmingup2.

Fromyourperspective,whatmakesagreatmanagerwhomyouarehappytoworkfor?3.

Ifyouwereamanager,howwouldyouinspireyoursubordinates?WordsandExpressionsempower?v.togivesb.thepowerorauthoritytodosth.授權(quán)(CET-6)Thecourtswereempoweredtoimposethedeathsentenceforcertaincrimes.WordsandExpressionsprioritizev.totreatsth.asbeingmoreimportantthanotherthings優(yōu)先處理Theorganizationwasformedtoprioritizetheneedsofolderpeople.WordsandExpressionshijackv.totakeoversth.anduseitforadifferentpurpose強行接管（而移作他用）(CET-4)Theorganizationhadbeenhijackedbyextremists.WordsandExpressionskickoffsth.tostartadiscussion,ameeting,anevent,etc.開始進行討論（或會議、項目等）ThemeetingheldonFridaywastokickofftheprogram.WordsandExpressionsexceptionallyadv.usedbeforeanadjectiveoradverbtoemphasizehowstrongorunusualthequalityis（用于形容詞和副詞之前表示強調(diào)）罕見，特別，非常(TEM-4)Itremainedanexceptionallyrarebookuntilitwasreprintedin1918.WordsandExpressionsself-awarenessn.knowledgeandunderstandingofyourowncharacter自我意識(CET-4)Theprocesscanbepainfulbutitleadstogreaterself-awareness.WordsandExpressionshallmarkn.afeatureorqualitythatistypicalofsb./sth.特征；特點(TEM-8)Policesaidtheexplosionboreallthehallmarksofaterroristattack.WordsandExpressionsautonomyn.theabilitytoactandmakedecisionswithoutbeingcontrolledbyanyoneelse自主權(quán)(TEM-4)Thesixfractiousrepublicsaredemandingautonomy.WordsandExpressionscandidadj.sayingwhatyouthinkopenlyandhonestly;nothidingyourthoughts坦率的；坦誠的(TEM-8)NatalieiscandidabouttheproblemssheishavingwithSteve.WordsandExpressionsretributionn.severepunishmentforsth.seriouslywrongthatsb.hasdone嚴(yán)懲；懲罰(TEM-8)Peopleareseekingretributionforthelatestterroristoutrages.WordsandExpressionssolicit?v.toasksb.forsth.,suchassupport,moneyorinformation索求；征求(TEM-4)Theywereplanningtosolicitfundsfromanumberoforganizations.WordsandExpressionsjumblev.tomixthingstogetherinaconfusedoruntidyway亂堆；混亂(TEM-8)Books,shoesandclotheswerejumbledtogetheronthefloor.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3Greatmanagersaremorelikeacoach,lesslikeaboss.Para.4-19Fivepracticaltipsforsuccessfulcoachingapproaches.Para.20-21Theimportanceofacoachingemployeesapproach.NotesonTextA1.Butyoualsohaveanimportantroletoplayinguidingtheseconversations:toasktherightquestionsanddigdeeper.但在引導(dǎo)這些對話方面，你也可以發(fā)揮重要作用：提出正確的問題并深入挖掘。haveanimportantroletoplay的意思為“起到重要作用”。NotesonTextA2.Byactivelysolicitingfeedbackfromemployees,youopenthedoortomorehonestdiscussions.通過積極征求員工的反饋意見，你就為更誠實的討論打開了大門。solicit表示“索求，請求…給予（援助、錢或信息）”，比如solicitfunds募集資金,solicitforopinions征集意見。NotesonTextA3.Thekeytohighperformanceisongoing,real-timefeedback.Itreinforcespositivebehaviorsandcorrectsthenot-so-positiveones.高績效的關(guān)鍵在于持續(xù)的、實時的反饋。它強化了積極的行為，也糾正了不那么積極的行為。thekeyto…表示“做??的關(guān)鍵”。DiscussionWhichdoyouthinkismoreimportantforemployees,monetaryornon-monetaryreward?Andwhy?MillennialWorkersForceFactoryRethinkinChinaTextBWordsandExpressionsenlightened?adj.characterizedbyfullcomprehensionoftheprobleminvolved開明的(CET-4)Bookslikethisonepointtoamoreenlightenedroad:thefuturedependsonustakingit.WordsandExpressionsblastv.tomakeasudden,loudsound大聲放（音樂）(TEM-4)Thesoundofwesternmusicblastedassheentered.WordsandExpressionsveterann.&adj.someonewhohasbeeninvolvedinaparticularactivityforalongtime經(jīng)驗豐富的（人）(TEM-4)Theveteranworkerrankshighinpublicloveandesteem.WordsandExpressionsshift?n.Ifagroupoffactoryworkers,nurses,orotherpeopleworkshifts,theyworkforasetperiodbeforebeingreplacedbyanothergroup,sothatthereisalwaysagroupworking.Eachofthesesetperiodsiscalledashift.輪班(CET-4)Hisfatherworkedshiftsinasteelmill.WordsandExpressionsageingpopulationthepopulationofaregionwithanincreasingmedianageduetodecliningfertilityratesand/orrisinglifeexpectancy老齡化人口Besidesinflexiblelabourmarkets,Europeneedstotackletheproblemscausedbyarapidlyageingpopulation.WordsandExpressionsclutchn.thepedalthatyoupressbeforeyouchangegearinavehicle離合器踏板(CET-6)Lauraletouttheclutchandpulledslowlyawaydownthedrive.WordsandExpressionsaccommodation?n.buildingsorroomswherepeopleliveorstay住所，宿舍(CET-4)Thegovernmentwillprovidetemporaryaccommodationforuptothreethousandhomelesspeople.WordsandExpressionssupervisory?adj.involvedinsupervisingpeople,activities,orplaces管理的；監(jiān)督的Mostsupervisoryboardsmeetonlytwiceayear.WordsandExpressionsmigrantworkerspeopleworkingoutsideoftheirhometownorhomecountry打工者，外來務(wù)工人員Superficially,thecitylooksgood—cleanedandgreenedbytensofthousandsofmigrantworkers.WordsandExpressionsmatchmaking?n.theactivityofencouragingpeopleyouknowtoformrelationshipsorgetmarried做媒;牽線搭橋Datingsites’claimsofmatchmakingprowessalsoneedtobetreatedwithcautiongiventhatthedataonwhichthesearebasedcomefromresearchtheyhavepaidforthemselves.WordsandExpressionsimbuev.tofillwithanidea,feeling,orquality灌輸；使充滿(TEM-8)Thefilmisimbuedwiththestar’srebelliousspirit.WordsandExpressionssegmented?adj.dividedintopartsthatarelooselyconnectedtoeachother分割的(CET-6)Almostallsegmentedcustomerscanselectafavoritemodelwhichcanmeettheirrequirements.StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-4Companiesareforcedtorethinkthewaytheyhandletheirworkforce.Para.5-7Factoriesarefacedwithchangesintheirworkforce.Para.8-22Companiestakevariousenlightenedapproachestolabor.NotesonTextB1.Unliketheirparents,whosawafactoryjobasarareopportunitytogetahead,today’syoungChineseworkershavemoreoptions,especiallyinthefast-expandingservicesector,andwantmorecontrolovertheirlives,ratherthanbeingforcedintolongovertimeshifts.不像他們的父輩那樣，認(rèn)為在工廠工作是獲得成功的難得機會。今天，中國年輕工人有更多的選擇，尤其是在快速發(fā)展的服務(wù)業(yè)，他們希望對自己的生活有更多的控制權(quán)，而不是被迫長時間加班。servicesector意思為“第三產(chǎn)業(yè)；服務(wù)業(yè)”NotesonTextB2.Youhavetoimproveproductivity,that’stherootcauseoftheproblem.你必須提高生產(chǎn)率，這是問題的根本原因。rootcause意思為“根本原因；根源”。NotesonTextB3.Asforeignmanufacturersfaceevergreatercompetitionfromcut-priceChineserivals,hesaystheonlywaytobeatthemistotakeamoreenlightenedapproachtodevelopingtheworkforce.他表示，隨著外國制造商面臨成本較低的中國競爭對手越來越激烈的競爭，擊敗這些對手的唯一方法是采取更開明的培養(yǎng)員工隊伍的戰(zhàn)略。takea…approach意思為“采取…的方式”NotesonTextB4.…companieswillhavetodevelopfactoriesthataremuchlesslikethesweatshopsofoldandmoreliketheircounterpartsinthedevelopedworld,whereworkersaretakenmoreseriouslyandimbuedwithagreatersenseofpride.

企業(yè)將逐漸放棄舊式血汗工廠模式