2023年濱州市博興縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》臨考沖刺試卷含解析

2023年濱州市博興縣考研《英語(yǔ)一》臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Theideacametohimwhenheleastexpectedit.AlvinIrbywasata1whenhesawoneofhisformerstudentssittingintheshopwitha2lookonhisface.That’swhenIrbyrealizedthatby3barbershopswithbooks,hemightbeableto4youngblackboystoread.Irby,aformerkindergartenandfirstgrade5,knowshowimportantitisforyoungchildrentoread.Healsoknowsthatyoungblackboys6oftendon’thaveadultmalerolemodelswhoinspirethemtoread.That’swherethebarbershopscomein.Irby7BarbershopBooksasawaytonotjustgetbooksintothe8ofyoungblackboys,butalsocreatecommunityreadingspacesinaplacewherekidsgo9.Sinceitslaunchin2013,theprogramhascreatedkid-friendlyreadingspacesin50barbershopsin12states10theUnitedStates.“Ourbeliefisthatifwecancreatepositivereading11earlyandoftenforyoungblackboys,thentheywillchoosetoreadfor12.Becausetheywill13themselvesasreaders.”Irbynoted,adding,“Thisisreally14barbershopBooksisabout,gettingyoungblackboystosaythreewords:I’ma15.”Irby’sideais16.Anditwillcontinueto17thanksinparttotheNationalBookFoundationBarbershopBooksrecentlywontheorganizations2017InnovationsinReelingprize.Itis18toprogramsthatusereadingtomakeasocialimpact.The19comeswithaS10,000prize.IrbyplanstousetheprizemoneytobringBarbershopBookstomorecommunitiesandto20trainingprogramsforbarberssothattheycancreatetheirowncommunityreadingspaces.1、A．bookshop B．restaurant C．barbershop D．school2、A．surprised B．delighted C．excited D．bored3、A．combining B．distinguishing C．decorating D．enlarging4、A．make B．inspire C．suggest D．challenge5、A．student B．teacher C．coach D．friend6、A．incharge B．inpublic C．inexchange D．inparticular7、A．promoted B．a(chǎn)dvertised C．launched D．prohibited8、A．heads B．a(chǎn)rms C．eyes D．hands9、A．comfortably B．frequently C．consequently D．specially10、A．throughout B．by C．from D．beyond11、A．words B．results C．experiences D．distinctions12、A．fun B．work C．play D．sorrow13、A．serve B．design C．identify D．declare14、A．where B．why C．how D．what15、A．player B．reader C．competitor D．singer16、A．catchingon B．carryingout C．takingover D．putdown17、A．pass B．express C．provide D．leave18、A．shown B．delivered C．thrown D．given19、A．a(chǎn)ffection B．product C．a(chǎn)ward D．a(chǎn)rrangement20、A．offer B．develop C．operate D．a(chǎn)ttendSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Winteriscoming,andsomepartsoftheworldarealreadycoveredwithdeepsnow.Thebestwaytowarmthosecoldhandsisacupofhotsweetchocolate.Hotchocolatehasbeenusedformanyyearstotreatdiseasesandfightbadmoods.It’sknownasaspecialhealthydrinkfromthe16thto19thcenturies,andsometimeswastakenusamedicine.Nowadayspeopledon’tconsiderhotchocolateasamedicine,butdrinkevenmorethanever!Thereareplentyoftastyandhealthyhotchocolaterecipes(烹飪法)youcantrytoenjoythefollowinghealthbenefitsofdrinkinghotchocolate.ItimprovesyourbrainpowerThestudyshowsthatdrinkinghotchocolatecanhelpimproveyourbrainpowerandyourbrainhealth.Theflavonoids(類(lèi)黃酮)inhotchocolateincreasethebloodflowandoxygentoyourbrain,helpingyouthinkbetter.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory,trydrinkingtwocupsofhotchocolateaday.Notonlywillyouimproveyourmemory,butyourmoodaswell.Justmakesureyoudon’tusetoomuchsugarinyourhotchocolate.ItimprovesyourmoodChocolate,includinghotchocolate,iswell-knownmoodbooster.Thistastydrinkhelpsfightstress,anxiety,anddepression.Buttheproblemis,hotchocolatemaycontainhighamountsofsugar.Considermakingsugar-freehotchocolatetogetallitsmood-improvingproperties(特性).ItcanhelpyouloseweightIfyouaretryingtodropafewpounds,drinkinghotchocolatecanhelpyouachieveyourweightlossgoal.Whenmadecorrectly,hotchocolateisadeliciousandlowcaloriedrinkthatyoucanenjoyeverytimeyouhavechocolatedesire.Besides,drinkingacupoflowcaloriehotchocolatehelpspreventtheintakeofhigh-calorieandsugarfoodslikecakes.Nowthatyou’reawareofsomeofthebesthealthbenefitsofdrinkingchocolate,whatareyouwaitingfor?Rushintoyourkitchenandmakethisfantasticwinterdrink.1、Hotchocolateispopularinwinterbecause.A．itcanmakeyourcoldhandswarmB．ithasbeenusedformanyyearsC．itwasusedtotreatkindsofillnessesD．itisregardedasthehealthiestdrink2、Inthepassagetheauthormainlytalksabout.A．differenthotchocolaterecipesB．materialsusedtomakehotchocolateC．sideeffectsfromdrinkingchocolateD．benefitsofdrinkinghotchocolate3、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．hotchocolateistheonlywaytoimprovemoodB．mostpeoplecanbeaddictedtochocolateC．remembernevertohavesugarindrinkD．foodinlowcaloriemakesyouhealthyText2Amechanicalbicyclelock,likeaU-lock,shouldbeattachedtoasolidandimmobileobjectlikearack（架子）toensuresafety.However,theseracksarequiterareandpopular,thusoftenoccupiedandalthoughabicyclelockpreventsthebikefrombeingcarriedaway,asitfixessinglepartsliketheframeorthewheels,otherpartscanbedismounted.Thereforeanelectronicsystem,consistingofseveralsensors,canextendtherangeofprotectionwithonlyfewcomponentsandlesseffort.The‘RFIDBikealarm’isamotionsensitiveelectronicalarmsystemthatisattachedtotherailsofabikesaddle（座椅）.Featuringomnidirectional（全方位）movementsensingtodetecttinymovementsorspeeding-upandasmallwhistleemitting>120dBalarmsoundtoscareoffpotentialthievesbyarousingattention.Theinternalmicrocontrollerusesacomplexcomputerprogramtodistinguishbetweenaserioustheftandharmlessshakingmovementasitsensesandadaptstotheenvironment.Theusageisquitesimple:identifyyourselfbyholdingtheRFIDtagclosetothecasetolockorunlockthealarmsystemsignaledbyfeedbacksounds.TheRFID-technologyispredestinedforachievingthissimpleandsecureinteractionbecauseitdoesn’trequireanycomplexsystem,interactionorotherdevices—justasmalltag.The‘RFIDBikcalarm’ismeanttobeausefuladd-ontomechanicalbicyclelocksasitmassivelyextendstherangeofprotectionwithfewcomponents.Itislow-cost,durableandeasytouse.TheinternalbatterycanbechargedbyUSB．1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dismounted”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．fixedupB．foundoutC．takenawayD．lockedup2、WhichofthefollowingshowstherightpositionoftheRFIDBikealarmonabicycle?A．B．C．D．3、WhatwillhappenwhensomeonestealsabikewiththeRFIDBikealarm?A．Noiseswillbemade.B．Thebikewillbelocked.C．Thethiefwillbeidentified.D．Messageswillbesenttotheowner.4、WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheRFIDBikealarm?A．Itusescomplexparts.B．Itneedsaracktopreventbiketheft.C．Itshighpricescaresawayitsbuyers.D．Itworkstogetherwithamechanicallock.Text3Dogsandhumanshavebeenlivingside-by-sideforabout15,000years,buttherearetonsoffactsaboutdogsthatperhapswehaveneverheardof.NightvisionDogshavegoodnightvision.Theirlargepupilsletmorelightinandtherods(視桿細(xì)胞)workbetterinpoorlight.Butthebiggestfactoristhetapetum(反光組織),whichreflectlightatthebackoftheeye.Besides,dogs’whiskers(胡須)alsohelpthem“see”inthedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair,providingdogswithinformationaboutthesize,shape,andspeedofthingsnearby.SecrettailcodeDogscanusetheirtailstocommunicate.Theywagtheirtailstotherightwhentheyarerelaxedorhappy,andtotheleftwhennervousorthreatened.Whenthey’reaggressive,thetailswillstickstraight-upintheair.Abroadwagisfriendlywhileaslowwagisneutral,neitherexcitednoranxious.DreamsWeoftenseeadog’sbodymakingsuddenmovementsinitssleep.Dogshavethesamebrainwavepatternsashumans’whiletheyareasleep,sotheydreamjustlikewedo.SupernoseDogscanfindtheirwayhomedespitelongdistances.Theirnosesareavitalpartoftheirincrediblesenseofdirection.Thepartofadog’sbrainthatcontrolssmellis40timeslargerthanhumans’.They’reabletofollowsmellsformiles.Furthermore,dogshaveanamazingabilitytorecognizethesmellsgivenoffbytheabnormalcellsinhumanbodies,includingcancer.Thisissomethingscientistsareeagertoexplorefurther.Andinteresting,adog’s“fingerprint”isonitsnose.Thepatternsondogs’nosesaresodistinctthattheycanactuallybeusedtoidentifytheanimals.AsixthsenseDogsactstrangelybeforesomethingbad,likeastormorearthquake,happens,fortheyaresensitivetolowfrequenciesthathumanscan’tsense.Sodon’tlettheirstrangebehaviorgounnoticednexttime.Itcouldsaveyourlife.1、Whichofthefollowingindirectlyhelpsdogsseewellinthedark?A．Theirrods.B．Theirtapetum.C．Theirwhiskers.D．Theirpupils.2、Ifadogholdsupthetail,itindicates________.A．happinessB．a(chǎn)ttackC．friendlinessD．relaxation3、Whathasn’tbeendiscoveredaboutadog?A．Whyitcansensenaturaldisasters.B．Whyithasanacutesenseofsmell.C．Whatemotionsitshowswithitstail.D．Howitcansmellhumans’illnesses.4、Inwhatwayaredogslikehumans?A．Theydreamwhentheysleep.B．Theyhavegoodnightvision.C．Theyhavedistinctnosepatterns.D．Theycanreacttolowfrequencies.Text4TrainingtheBrainPeoplewhocanaccomplishunbelievabletasks,suchasmemorizingthousandsofrandomnumbersinunderanhour,statethattheyjusthavenormalbrains.SomememorysuperstarscompeteinOlympic-likeWorldMemoryChampionships.Thesementalathletes,orMAsforshort,canmemorizenamesofdozensofstrangersinafewminutesoranypoemhandedthem.EdCooke,a24-year-oldMA,explainstheyseethemselvesasparticipantsrescuingthelong-lostartofmemorytraining.Thesetechniquesexistednottorecalluselessinformation,buttocutintothebrainbasictextandideas.AstudyinthejournalNatureexaminedeightpeoplewhofinishednearthetopoftheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thescientistsexaminedwhethertheirbrainswerefundamentallydifferentfromeveryoneelse’sorwhethertheyweresimplymakingbetteruseofmemorizingabilitiesweallpossess.TheyputtheMAsandcontrolsubjectsintobrainscannersandhadthemmemorizenumbersandphotographs.Theresultsurprisedeveryone.ThebrainsoftheMAsandthoseofthecontrolsubjectswereindistinguishable.Oneverytest,theMAsscoredinthenormalrange.However,whenthescientistsexaminedwhatpartofthebrainwasusedduringamemoryactivity,theyfoundtheMAsreliedmoreheavilyonareasinthebraininvolvedinspatialmemory.MAsofferanexplanation:anythingcanbefixeduponourmemoriesandkeptinorderbyconstructingabuildingintheimaginationandfillingitwithpicturesofwhatneedstoberecalled.Datingbacktothefifthcentury,thebuildingiscalledamemorypalace.Evenaslateasthefourteenthcentury,whentherewerecopiesofanytext,scholarsneededtorememberwhatwasreadtothem.Readingtorememberrequiresadifferenttechniquethanspeedreading.Ifsomethingismadememorable,ithastoberepeated.Untilrelativelyrecently,peoplereadonlyafewbooksintensively(細(xì)致地)againandagain,usuallyaloud.Todaywereadextensively,usuallyonlyonceandwithoutcontinuousfocus.Sothegreatdifferenceistheabilitytocreateimpressivepicturesinmindandtodoitquickly.Usingmemorypalaces,MAscreatememorizedpictures.Forexample,recombinethepicturestoformunforgettablescenessuchasthewaysthroughatown.Onecompetitorusedhisownbodypartstohelphimmemorizea57,000-worddictionary.Anyonewhowishestotrainthemindneedsfirsttocreatefantasticalpalacesintheimagination.Thentheyshouldcuteachbuildingintocubbyholesformemories.Inashortamountoftime,theywillnoticeimprovementwithrememberingthings.Tokeeptheskillsharp,MAsdeliberatelyemptytheirpalacesaftercompetitions,sotheycanreusethemandtheyrecommendthatbeginnersdothesame.1、WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatamentalathlete______.A．ownsabrainthatislargerinsizeB．showsagiftinmentalabilitytestsC．usesthememorizingtechniquebetterD．dependslessontheareasthatcontrolspatialmemory2、Whydoestheauthormention“speedreading”inParagraph3?A．Todiscussthememorizingtechniqueinthefifthcentury.B．Togivethereasonwhypeoplereadonlyafewbookscarefully.C．Toexplainthetextfourteenthcenturyscholarshadtoremember.D．Tocomparethetypeofreadingnowadayswiththatofearliertimes.3、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Thereisavarietyofunforgettablescenes.B．Memorypalacescanbequicklyforgotten.C．Impressivepicturesareinactualbuildings.D．Onepersonprobablyhas57,000bodyparts.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cubbyholes”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Smallspaces. B．Blacksholes.C．Technicalskills. D．Differentnumbers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Threehundredyearsago,Maohouor“hairymonkeys”quicklybecamemuchlovedbythepeopleinBeijingHowdidpeoplecomeup1．them?Thestory2．(go)thattheshopkeeperofaChinesemedicineshopoftenshoutedathisemployeesOneeveninganapprentice(學(xué)徒)wastidyinguptheingredients(原料)3．(use)tomakeChinesemedicinesintheshopTokilltime,hefound4．(he)makingalittlefigureoutofthefeatheryflowersandtheheadandlegsofacicada’s(蟬)skinTheapprenticeshowedittohiscolleagues,5．(joke)thatitlookedliketheirbad-temperedbossThelittlethingquicklybecamesuch6．hitthattheystartedmakingmorefiguresThus,Beijing’sunbelievable“hairymonkey”makingcameinto7．(exist)Nowadays,“hairymonkeys”arefarfromthemostpopularchildren’sgiftsonthemarketinBeijingMass-produced8．(toy)haveobviouslyreducedthedemandforhandmadefiguresButthat’snottosaythatMaohouhas9．(complete)diedoutWalkamongthesellersattoday’stemplefairsinBeijing,andyoumightstillfindafewplacesselling“hairymonkeys”,10．a(chǎn)rewithoutdoubtoneofthecity’smostamazingcraftsDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankAskHelpfulHannahDearHelpfulHannah,I’vegotaproblemwithmyhusband,SamHeboughtasmartphoneacoupleofmonthsagoandhetookitonourrecentskivacationtoColoradoItwasagreattripexceptforoneproblemHehasaconstantdesire1．(check)fortextmessages;hecheckshisphoneeveryfiveminutes!He’ssoaddictedtoitthathejustcan’tstandtheidea2．theremaybeanimportanttextHecan’thelp3．(check)evenatinappropriatetimeslikewhenweareeatinginarestaurantandIamtalkingtohim!Hebehaves4．a(chǎn)nysmallamountofboredomcanmakehimfeeltheneedtocheckhisphoneevenwhenheknowsheshouldn’tThetemptationtosee5．iscontactinghimisjusttoogreatWhenIaskhimtopleaseputdownthephoneandstop6．(ignore)me,hesays,“Inaminute,”butstillcheckstoseeif7．haspostedsomethingnewontheInternetOurlife8．(interrupt)IfwegosomewhereandIaskhimtoleavethephoneathome,hesuffersfromwithdrawalsymptomsMaybethisdependencyonhissmartphonehasbecomemorethananeverydayproblemIrecentlyreadanarticleabout“nomophobia,”9．isarealillnesspeoplecansufferfrom:thefearofbeingwithoutyourphone!IamworriedthatSammaybesufferingfromthisillness10．hefeelsanxiousifhedoesn’thavehisphonewithhim,evenforashorttimeWhowouldhavethoughtthatlittledeviceslikethesecouldhavebroughtsomuchtrouble!SickandTiredSadieSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Youwaitinalongqueueinthesupermarket,butwhenit’sfinallyyourturntopay,youcan’tfindenoughmoneyinyourpurse.1、Whileyouarebendingdowntolookforthem,thepeoplebehindyouaregettingangry.Thecashierispoundingherfingersimpatientlyonthecounter.2、Butthegoodnewsis:scientistshavethoughtofawaytomakequeuesshorterandpayingforthingseasier.Theyhaveinventedaneyescanner.Inthefuture,whenyoupayforfoodatthesupermarket,aneyescannerwilltakeapictureofyoureyesandacomputerwillidentifyyou.3、StudentsatVenerableBedeSchool,England,havealreadygotaneyescannerintheircafeteria.Afterthestudentschoosethefoodtheywant,thescannerlooksfortheirinformationandsendsalistofthefoodtotheirparents.4、Also,parentspayforthemealsattheendoftheweek,sothestudentsdon’thavetotakemoneytoschoolandwaitinlongqueuestopayfortheirlunch.Ifallshopshadeyescanners,shoppingwouldbeeasier.5、So,itseemsthatitwillbeawhilebeforemostofusgetoureyesscannedatthecashier.A．Sometimesshoppingcanbeunpleasant.B．Youtakeoutyourcreditcards,buttheyfallonthefloor.C．Ifstudentsaren’teatingahealthydiet,theirparentswillknow.D．Storesaretryingseveralnewwaystogetshopperstospendmore.E.Parentsareurgingthegovernmenttointroducebettersecuritysafeguards.F.However,eyescannersareveryexpensiveandmanyshopscan’taffordthem.G.Assoonasthemachinefindsyourinformation,itwillsendittoyourbankwhichpaysforyourfoodautomatically.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中的兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeinglivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1、Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansoc