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江蘇省無錫市惠山區(qū)2023年考研《英語一》深度自測卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Rockywasa65-pounddog.Ritawashiseleven-year-old1.WhenRockywasgiventoher,Ritaimmediatelylikedhim.Whenevershewasnotinschool,thetwowere2togetherandwithintouchingdistance.Thefamilywouldoftenlovingly3thepairas“RandR”.ButRockyhadone4—hefearedwaterverymuch,whichwasduetoanawfulexperiencehehadattheageofsevenweeksinhis5home.Hewasnearly6byanaughtyboywhohadbeenblamedbyhisfather.Onelateafternoon,Rita’smother7RandRtoashoppingareanearalake.Ritawasrunningalongtheboardwalkabovethesurfaceofthe8,enjoyingthebeautifulsceneryaround.Itwasthenthataboyonabicycle9Rita.Sheletoutacryofpainandfellintothelake10there.Rita’smotherwasattheentranceofa11whichwasahundredfeetaway.Sherushedtothelakeshoutingforhelp.Rockyseemedto12hisfearandjumpedintothewatertosavehisowner.RockyimmediatelywenttoRitaand13herbytheshoulder’sclothes.Thiscausedherto14sothatherfacewasoutofthewaterandshecoughed.15,thewaterwascalm,theywerenotfarfrom16,andRockyquicklyreachedadepthwherehis17wereonsolidground.HedraggedRita18herheadwascompletelyoutofthewater,andthenstood19her,licking(舔)herface.Ritaandherfamilybelievethatitwasonlythebigdog’s20forthelittlegirlthatcausedhimtotakeactionthatmightbelife-threatening.1、A.friendB.guardC.ownerD.trainer2、A.sometimesB.seldomC.oftenD.a(chǎn)lways3、A.recognizeB.refertoC.considerD.laughat4、A.shortcomingB.habitC.mistakeD.pain5、A.comfortableB.poorC.previousD.new6、A.killedB.drownedC.ruinedD.a(chǎn)bandoned7、A.tookB.a(chǎn)ccompaniedC.followedD.sent8、A.iceB.snowC.waterD.frost9、A.beatB.metC.hurtD.hit10、A.lyingB.swimmingC.pushingD.floating11、A.parkB.gardenC.storeD.theater12、A.overcomeB.easeC.senseD.realize13、A.comfortedB.seizedC.rescuedD.a(chǎn)pproached14、A.rolloverB.showoffC.lookupD.turnaround15、A.UnexpectedlyB.HopefullyC.FortunatelyD.Eventually16、A.a(chǎn)shelterB.dangerC.a(chǎn)rockD.shore17、A.a(chǎn)rmsB.feetC.legsD.hands18、A.untilB.beforeC.a(chǎn)fterD.once19、A.forB.besideC.withD.a(chǎn)gainst20、A.courageB.devotionC.sympathyD.loveSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild'slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild"Don’trunintotraffic!"or"Stayonthefootpathclosetome."Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren’tscaringthemselvesaboutwhatnottodo.Whydoessuchasmallthingmakeadifference?Itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whenwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn’tbeabletodoit.Whenachildistold"Don'tfalloffthetree,"hewillthinkoftwothings:"don’t"and"falloffthetree".Thatis,hewillautomaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeismuchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse"Holdontothetreecarefully."Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheircommandspositive."Sam,holdonfirmtothesideoftheboat"ismuchmoreusefulthan"Don'tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat?"orworsestill"HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyoudrown?"Thechangesaresmallbutdifferenceisobvious.Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobepositive.1、Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidsto____________.A.dothingscarefully B.builduptheirconfidenceC.improvetheirimagination D.learnindifferentsituation2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.B.Onecan’thelpimaginingwhatisheard.C.Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.D.Onewon’tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.3、Whichofthefollowingcommandshelpskidstobesafe?A.Fastenyourseatbelt.B.Don’tplaybythelake.C.HowdoyouthinkI’llfeelifyougethurt?D.Don’tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight.4、Themainideaofthepassageisthat_____________.A.praisemakeskidsconfidentB.rightinstructionskeepkidssafeC.clearcommandsmakekidsdifferentD.choiceofwordscanmakeadifferenceText2BertKatz,myfather-in-law,celebratedhis90thbirthdayinNovember2016.BertlovedsportsandwasanenthusiasticYankees(anAmericanprofessionalbaseballteambasedintheNewYorkCity)fan,soitwasnowonderthatovertheyears,hewasanavid(熱切的)listenertoWFANradioand,inparticular,theafternoonshowhostedbyMikeFrancesa.Berthadhealthissuesinhislateryearsthatlimitedhismobility,andwhenhelosthiseyesightthreeyearsago,hisattachmenttohisradioandFrancesabecamemorepronounced.HejustlovedlisteningtoMiketalkaboutsportsandhisYankeeseachafternoon.Thosehoursbroughthimsomuchpleasure.Ofcourse,MikewillbeleavingDec.15,2017after30yearsatthestation.MikelivesinthesamecommunitywhereIworkonLongIsland,andIhavegottentoknowhimoverthepast20years.Sowhenmyfather-in-lawwasapproachinghisspecialbirthdaytheyearbeforelastyear,IaskedMikeforafavor:tocallBertandwishhimahappybirthday.Mikeagreedwithouthesitation.Twodaysbeforethespecialday,Mikestoppedatmyworkplace.IcalledBertathisnursinghomeandputMikeonthephone.ItwasacompletesurprisetoBert.Mikespentmorethan10minuteswishingBertahappybirthday,andofcourse,talkingabouttheYankees.WhenmyfamilycelebratedBert’sbirthdaytwodayslater,hecouldn’tstoptalkingaboutthephonecall.Overhislifetime,hesaiditwasoneofthenicestthingsanyonehadeverdoneforhim.Unfortunately,Bert’shealthdeclinedlastyearandhepassedawayJuly13,2017.Buteveninhisfinalmonthsinthehospitalandnursinghome,healwayshadaradiosettoWFANtolisteneachafternoontoMikeFrancesa.Andhealsohadthememoryofthatspecialphonecallforhis90thbirthday.1、WhathabitdidBertkeepforyears?A.Playingbaseball.B.Listeningtoasportsprogram.C.Checkinghiseyesightregularly.D.LeadingorganizedcheeringfortheYankees.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inParagraph2mean?A.Obvious.B.Unusual.C.Important.D.Understandable.3、Whatwordcandescribetheauthor?A.Honest.B.Caring.C.Patient.D.Independent.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Aspecialgift.B.Thecallfinallyarrived.C.Thebigdreamcametrue.D.Anunforgettablebirthdayparty.Text3Giventherecentinterestingreenbuildingsinthemedia,let’sthinkdifferently.Insteadoffocusingonincreasingthesupplyofenergy,whatifwefocusonreducingdemand?Canwestartwithendingtheopen-doorpracticeofstreet-frontshops?Whilecoolairfromtheseshopsisrefreshingtopedestrians,itcarriesacost.Energyisusedintheairconditioningprocess.Soitmustbepossibletolookforchangesinregulationsthatwouldencouragemoreenergy-savingdesigns.Forinstance,ifwefixceilingfans,air-conditioninghomescouldsurelybeavoidedforpartoftheyear.Ceilingfansusefarlessenergy.Theywereinayearairconditionerscouldstayifceilingfanswerefixed.Inhomesbuiltunderthesmall-housepolicyinNewTerritories,theceilingmaybetoolowforceilingfans.Ifthe9-metermaximumbuildingheightregulationwererelaxed,ceilingfanscouldbefixedtoreduceenergyuse.Currentthinkinginsustainablebuildingdesignandoperationinvolvesintegrated(協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一的)design,thatis,bringtogetherallpartiestocreateabuildingwithbetterperformancethatachievesenergyreduction.Forintegrateddesigntosucceed,allpartiesmustcometogetherandthinkbeyondeachperson’scircleofinfluence.Bettersolutionsareimpossibletoavoidwithintegrateddesign.Buildingswouldnolongerbeengineeredafterthebasicarchitecturewasbuilt.Positiveprojectoutcomesmayincludereducedair-conditioningload,reducedpoweruseforelectriclighting,andareductionintheamountofmaterialsused.Weneedtoaskifwearereadytolookbeyondourownsmallcirclesandseekanimprovedapproachtobuildingdesign.BythatImeananintegrateddesignresultinginmoresustainablebuildings.1、What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheopen-doorpracticeofthestreetshops?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Optimistic.D.Uncaring.2、Whydoestheauthorsuggestfixingceilingfans?A.Tofollowanoldpractice.B.Tohelpreduceenergyuse.C.Tocompletelyreplaceairconditioners.D.Tohelpcutdownondailyexpenses.3、What'sthekeytomakingsustainablebuildingsareality?A.Allpartiesshouldgetstartedatthesametime.B.Thebasicarchitectureshouldbefinishedfirst.C.Properdesignandperformancetoachieveenergyreduction.D.Seekingthesmall-housepolicyandsomesuccessfularchitects.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Wasteless,livebetterB.Goodbye,airconditioningC.HowtoreducetheenergycostD.GreenbuildingscallforintegrateddesignText4Thefirsttrulyautonomouscars—vehiclesthatdrivedownthestreetswithnoonebehindthewheel—havefinallyarrived.Waymo,whichbeganlifeasGoogle’sself-drivingcarproject,announcedthatithadletitsdriverlesscarslooseinpartsofPhoenix,Arizona,withnobodyinthefrontseatstotakeoverincaseofemergency.MembersofthepublictakingpartinaWaymotrialinthedesertcityinthesouth-westUSwillbeabletoorderthevehiclestocomethroughanapp“inthenextfewmonths”,thegroupsaid.Potentiallyoneofthemostrevolutionary(革命性的)newtechnologies,aswellasoneofthemostadvertised,driverlesscarshavebeenatthecentreofaracebetweenbigautomakersandtechnologycompanies.Butwhileanumberofgroupsaretestingthetechnologyonthestreetswithback-updriversbehindthewheel,mostbelievetheapproachoffullautonomyisatleasttwoyearsaway.Googleshockedtheautoindustrywhenitfirstshowedabasicversionofitsdriverlesstechnologysevenyearsago,andittheninvestedmorethan$lbninautonomousvehicleresearch.Rivals(競爭對手)admititstillhasatechnologylead,thoughskepticsquestionwhethertheartificialintelligenceisgoodenoughtorespondtothemanyunforeseeneventsthatcouldoccurontheroad.Waymobelievesitisthefirstcompanytoreachastandardknowninthedriverlesscarworldaslevel4,meaningitscarscandriveunderfullautonomyinpresetareasthathavebeencarefullymappedoutandtested.Uber,GeneralMotors,AptivPLC,BMWandothershavebeenconductingtestingtoreachlevel4,butallofthemstillkeepahumaninthedriver’sseat.1、Whatshouldpeopledointhedriverlesscartest?A.Takeoverinanemergency.B.Callforacarwithoutanapp.C.Letthecaroperateinfullautonomy.D.Testthecarinadesertedplace.2、Thethirdparagraphmaybeusedtoshow.A.Google’sdriverlesstechnologyisreallyadvancedB.WaymowillbewidelyacknowledgedtwoyearslaterC.driverlesscarswilldamagetheentireautomobilemarketD.thetechnologyofdriverlesscarsisdevelopingtoofast3、WhyisWaymoconfidentabouttryingoutitsfirstdriverlesscars?A.Becauseitalreadyinventedabasicversion.B.Becauseithasatechnologyleadinthisarea.C.Becauseithasreachedfull,level4autonomy.D.Becauseitscarscandrivewhereverapersonlikes.4、What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheself-drivingcar?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Skeptical.D.Objective.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LastsummerourfamilytookatripwestthroughArizonaOneeveningatastop,ourfathersufferedanoldpaininhisback1.nextdaywe2.(stop)atthePaintedDesert,inArizonaDadtriedtogetoutoftheare,but3.(fortunate)hecouldn’tmovewithpainHesatinthecarforthenexthourwhiletherestofthefamilywalkedamongthegloriouslayerscolorsofthedesertAtthevisitor’scenter,Isawasmallglassglobe4.(fill)withmulticoloredsandfromthedesertThenIboughtit5.a(chǎn)dollar6.(see)ourreturningtothecar,Dadwaseagertohearabout7.we’dseenItoldhimIwantedhimtohavesomememoriesofthevisit,eventhoughhedidn’tgettoseeit8.(him)Igavehimtheglobe,9.hestudiedforalongtimeThenhelookedatmewithasmile,tearsinhiseyes---althoughIpretendednot10.(notice)Mobilepaymentshavemadeourlifemoreconvenientand1.(enjoy)byfreeingusfromthetroubleofhavingtotakeourwalletsoutwithusButasupermarkethasgoneonestepfurther,allowingcustomerstopay2.(instant)usingjustafingertipShoppersatonestoreatBrunelUniversitycanpayforitems3.(use)theuniqueveinpatternintheirfingertipsandit's4.firststoretoadoptsuchtechnologyThisnewmethodofpaymentmeansthatcustomerscanpayforitemsinjustafew5.(second)Sthaler,thecompanybehindthetechnology,6.(explain)thatitusesinfraredscanners7.(read)thepatternofveinsinthefingerItlinksthistothecustomer'sbankdetails,which8.(keep)safebypaymentproviderWorldpayThefirmisalsoresponsible9.millionsofonlineshoppers'detailsaroundtheglobe“Therearenoknowncases10.thissecurityhasbeenviolatedanddozensofBrunelstudentsarealreadyusingthetechnology,”SimonBinns,commercialdirectorofSthaler,toldthereporterSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Snowblind--it’safrighteningword.Thankfully,it’saconditionthatistotallypreventable.Snowblindnessisapainful,temporarylossofvisionduetooverexposuretothesun'sUVrays.Essentially,snowblindnessiscausedbyasunburnedeye.1、Thoughitiscommonlycalledsnowblindness,theconditioncan(andoftendoes)occurintheabsenceofsnow.Theterms"snowblind"and"snowblindness"havebecomepopularbecausesnowishighlyreflectiveofultravioletradiation.2、Also,skiing,mountainclimbingandsnowboardingusuallytakeplaceatrelativelyhighaltitudes,wherethesun'sUVraysarestronger.Combined,thesefactorscandoubleyourriskofgettingsunburnedeyes,comparedwithbeingoutdoorsatloweraltitudesinthesummertime.3、TelevisionjournalistAndersonCooperexperiencedsnow-freesnowblindnessfirst-handafewyearsagowhenhespentacouplehoursonaboatinPortugalwithoutsunglassesandendedup"blindfor36hours,"accordingtohisreportoftheincident.Notonlycanyoubecomesnowblindwithoutsnow--itcanhappenwithoutsunlight,too!4、Forexample,sunlampscancausetemporary"snow"blindnessifpropereyeprotectionisnotused.5、Torelievepainordiscomfortfromsnowblindness,stayindoorsandwearsunglasses.Keepyoureyeswell-moistenedwithartificialtears.Foradditionalrelief,useover-the-counterpainrelievers.Besuretouseonlypainrelieversyouknowyoucantakewithoutworryofanallergicreaction.Youalsomayfindthatplacingacool,dampenedwashclothoveryourclosedeyelidsiscomforting.A.Youdon'tneedsnowtobecomesnowblindB.ItwilllikelyaffectthosetravelinginsnowyconditionsC.Topreventsnowblindnessontheslopes,wearsunglassesD.Sometimesitoccursfromman-madesourcesofultravioletradiationE.Infact,snowcanreflectover80percentoftheUVraysthatfalluponitF.Snowblindnessisscary,butusuallyit'stemporary,andtherearewaystorelievethediscomfortG.Butwaterandwhitesandalsoarehighlyreflectiveofthesun'sUVrays,thusincreasingtheriskWhenwewerekids,ifourparentswantedustostopthescreentime,theywouldturnofftheTV.1、Theygrabthecellphone,thetabletorthelaptop.Herewe
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