社會學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯

社會學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯中文名詞英文翻譯實證主義positivism/positivist動力學(xué)thedyanamics靜力學(xué)thestatics分工thework-division神學(xué)thetheology形而上學(xué)themetaphysics進化論theevolution-theory唯名論thenominalism唯實論therealism官僚制度bureaucraticsystem結(jié)構(gòu)主義thestructuralism唯物主義thematerialism辯證法Dialectic唯心主義theidealism生產(chǎn)關(guān)系productionrelations剩余價值Increase-value剩余勞動Overtime失調(diào)因素maladjustivefactors社區(qū)community社會福利thesocially-welfare社會化thesocialization社會控制thesocial-control社會參與thesocially-participation社會工作thesocialwork殘疾人handicapped社會救助thesocially-welfare問卷thequestionnaire獨生子女thesingles-children現(xiàn)代化modernization/aggiornamento基本方針thebaselines行為準(zhǔn)則Behavioral-omens矛盾contravention時代背景thetime-background工業(yè)化industrialization民主化democratization文明化civilize同質(zhì)性Homogeneity協(xié)調(diào)過程thecoordination-process血緣的relatedbyblood整合的integrated異質(zhì)性Heterogenitaet社會階級sociallayerclass自然科學(xué)natural/physicalscience抽象科學(xué)abstractscience社會秩序socialorder社會有機論socialorganism-theory資本主義capitalism使收入極大化maketheincomemoreprofitable社會沖突理論socialconflicttheory操作化operationalize實證分析empiricalanalysis有限理性boundedrationality經(jīng)濟人的利己主義傾向self-interestorientationofeconomicactors交互分類cross-classify維度dimension內(nèi)部勞動力市場internallabormarket隱性契約implicitcontracts社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)socialnetwork家族企業(yè)householdenterprise固定成本fixedcost合資企業(yè)joint-stockcompany中產(chǎn)階級bourgeois組織文化organizationalculture一般規(guī)律aruleofthumb社會研究socialresearch符號互動論symbolicinteractionism同化assimilation行動理論Actiontheory表意性活動Activityexpressive工具性活動Activityinstrumental工作調(diào)適Adjustmentwork疏離Alienation同化Assimilation權(quán)威Authority科層權(quán)威Authoritybureaucratic感召權(quán)威Authoritycharismatic雙重權(quán)威Authoritydual患病行為Behaviorillness角色行為Behaviorrole偏見Bias資產(chǎn)階級Bourgeoisie科層制度Bureaucracy資本家Capitalist變遷推動者/變媒Changeagent傳意途徑Channelcommunication感召力Charisma文化間距Culturallag文化震驚Culturalshock文化Culture文化模式Culturepatterns文化特質(zhì)Culturetraits主流文化Culturemainstream達爾文Darwin非個人化Depersonalization偏差Deviance初級偏差Devianceprimary次級偏差Deviancesecondary偏差者Deviant偏差行為Deviantbehavior偏差社會地位Deviantsocialstatus選擇醫(yī)生行為Doctor-shoppingbehaviour涂爾干Durkheim家庭Family平等（平權(quán)）家庭Familyequalitarian擴展式家庭Familyextended寄養(yǎng)家庭Familyfoster母權(quán)家庭Familymatriarchal核心家庭Familynuclear父權(quán)家庭Familypatriarchal單親家庭Familysingle-parent傳統(tǒng)式家庭Familytraditional民間醫(yī)藥Folkmedicine社會動力Forcesocial初級收獲Gainprimary次級收獲Gainsecondary幫派Gang性相Gender代溝Generationgap群體Group內(nèi)群體Groupin外群體Groupout朋輩群體Grouppeer初級（直接）群體Groupprimary種族與民族群體Groupraceandethnic參照群體Groupreference次級（間接）群體Groupsecondary他群體Groupthey-我群體Groupwe-意識型態(tài)Ideology工業(yè)化Industrialization規(guī)范（制度）化Institutionalization內(nèi)化Internalization少年罪行Juveniledelinquency標(biāo)簽理論Labellingtheory認(rèn)可權(quán)力Legitimatepower宏觀社會學(xué)Macro-sociology馬克斯Marx醫(yī)療社會學(xué)Medicalsociology微觀社會學(xué)Micro-sociology現(xiàn)代化Modernization一夫一妻制Monogamy民德Mores協(xié)商秩序Negotiatedorder非工作取向Non-taskoriented規(guī)范Norms強制性組織Organizationcoercive正式組織Organizationformal志愿性組織Organizationvoluntary典范/范例Paradigm父（男）權(quán)社會Patriarchalsociety柏拉圖Plato現(xiàn)實沖擊Realityshock再社會化Resocialization角色Role角色沖突Roleconflict角色集合Roleset倚賴性的病人角色Roledependant-patient自我實現(xiàn)預(yù)言Self-fulfillingprophecy病者角色Sickrole社會變遷Socialchange社會階層（級）Socialclasses社會管制Socialcontrol會制度Socialinstitutions社會互動Socialinteraction社會流動Socialmobility社會規(guī)范Socialnorm社會秩序Socialorder社會組織Socialorganization社會污名（烙?。㏒ocialstigma社會階層Socialstratum社會結(jié)構(gòu)Socialstructure社會支援網(wǎng)絡(luò)Socialsupportnetwork社會（教）化Socialization社會（教）化過程Socializationprocess社會化的機構(gòu)（媒介）Socializationagentsof初級社會化Socializationprimary次級社會化Socializationsecondary地位Statu