隧道工程施工檢測(cè)

隧道工程施工檢測(cè)隨著公路建設(shè)的發(fā)展，公路隧道的建設(shè)也逐漸增多。公路隧道最常見(jiàn)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題有：隧道滲漏、襯砌開(kāi)裂、界限受侵、通風(fēng)與照明不良等。本章著重介紹山嶺隧道的檢測(cè)技術(shù)。隧道支護(hù)施工質(zhì)量檢測(cè)噴射混凝土質(zhì)量檢測(cè)噴射混凝土強(qiáng)度檢測(cè)方法噴射混凝土厚度的檢測(cè)噴射混凝土與圍巖粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)錨桿拉拔力檢測(cè)錨桿拉拔力指錨桿能承受的最大拉力，是錨桿質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)的一項(xiàng)基本內(nèi)容。拉拔設(shè)備測(cè)試方法注意事項(xiàng)隧道施工監(jiān)控量測(cè)圍巖周邊位移量測(cè)拱頂下沉量測(cè)檢驗(yàn)噴射混凝土質(zhì)量的主要指標(biāo)有哪些?簡(jiǎn)述錨桿拉拔力的測(cè)試方法。簡(jiǎn)述常用的噴射混凝土強(qiáng)度的檢測(cè)方法.簡(jiǎn)述噴射混凝土厚度的檢測(cè)方法。如何測(cè)試噴射混凝土與圍巖的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度？現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控量測(cè)的項(xiàng)目有哪些？常用什么方法量測(cè)?何為收斂量測(cè)？有何意義？如何量測(cè)？加州承載比試驗(yàn)

California

bearing

ratio

test，

CBR

test

又稱“CBR試驗(yàn)".

巖土特性指標(biāo)試驗(yàn)

geotechnical

index

property

test

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗(yàn)

standard

penetration

test，

SPT

靜力觸探試驗(yàn)

static

cone

penetration

test

動(dòng)力觸探試驗(yàn)

dynamic

sounding

彎沉試驗(yàn)

deflection

test

視比重試驗(yàn)

apparent

specific

gravity

test

吸水率試驗(yàn)

water

absorptivity

test

壓碎值試驗(yàn)

crushing

value

test

含泥量試驗(yàn)

silt

content

test

有機(jī)物含量試驗(yàn)

organic

matter

content

test

軟顆粒含量試驗(yàn)

soft

grain

content

test

磨耗試驗(yàn)

abrasion

test

石料磨光值試驗(yàn)

polished

stone

value

test

剝落試驗(yàn)

stripping

test

飽水率試驗(yàn)

saturated

water

content

test

凍融試驗(yàn)

freezing

and

thawing

test

韌度試驗(yàn)

rupture

test

壓縮試驗(yàn)

compression

test

彈性模量試驗(yàn)

elastic

modulus

test

直接剪切試驗(yàn)

direct

shear

test

干濕試驗(yàn)

wetting

and

drying

test

拉力試驗(yàn)

tension

test

沖擊韌度試驗(yàn)

impact

toughness

test

洛氏硬度試驗(yàn)

Rockwell

hardness

test

布氏硬度試驗(yàn)

Brinell

hardness

test

冷彎試驗(yàn)

cold

bent

test

熱彎試驗(yàn)

hot

bent

test

疲勞試驗(yàn)

fatigue

test

坍落度試驗(yàn)

slump

test

稠度試驗(yàn)

consistency

test

硬練砂漿強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)

early—dry

mortar

strength

test

軟練砂漿強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)

plastic

mortar

strength

test

促凝壓蒸試驗(yàn)

accelerated

setting

autoclave

test

水泥安定性試驗(yàn)

cement

soundness

test

石灰含量測(cè)定法

method

for

determining

the

lime

content

鈣電極快速測(cè)定法

calcium

electric

rapid

determination

method

針入度試驗(yàn)

penetration

test

延度試驗(yàn)

ductility

test

軟化點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)［環(huán)球法］

softening

point

test

[ringball

method］

粘滯度試驗(yàn)

viscosity

test

閃點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)［開(kāi)口杯法］

flash

point

test

[open

cup

method]

燃點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)

burning

point

test

加熱損失試驗(yàn)

heating

loss

test

溶解度試驗(yàn)

dissolubility

test

蒸餾試驗(yàn)

distillation

test

浮漂度試驗(yàn)

floatability

test

薄膜加熱試驗(yàn)

thin-film

heating

test

脆點(diǎn)試驗(yàn)

brittle

point

test

含蠟量試驗(yàn)

paraffin

content

test

組分試驗(yàn)

constituent

test

粘結(jié)力試驗(yàn)

cohesion

test

游離碳含量試驗(yàn)

free

carbon

content

test

揮發(fā)分含量試驗(yàn)

volatile

matter

content

test

酚含量試驗(yàn)

phenol

content

test

灰分含量試驗(yàn)

ash

content

test

儲(chǔ)存穩(wěn)定度試驗(yàn)

storage

stability

test

車轍試驗(yàn)

wheel

rutting

test

馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度試驗(yàn)

Marshall

stability

test

鋪砂法試驗(yàn)

sand

patch

test

[路面]抗滑試驗(yàn)

anti-skid

test

混凝土流動(dòng)性試驗(yàn)

concrete

fluidity

test

鋼材驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)

steel

acceptance

test

鋼材外觀檢驗(yàn)

steel

visual

inspection

鋼絲冷拔試驗(yàn)

wire

cold—drawn

test

冷拉率

cold—drawn

rate

［鋼筋]焊接接頭強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)

welded

joint

strength

test

橋梁驗(yàn)收荷載試驗(yàn)

bridge

acceptance

loading

test

橋梁模型試驗(yàn)

bridge

model

test

橋梁模型風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)

bridge

model

wind

tunnel

test

光彈性試驗(yàn)

photoelastic

analysis

橋梁病害診斷

bridge

defect

diagnosis

橋梁靜載試驗(yàn)

bridge

static

loading

test

橋梁動(dòng)載試驗(yàn)

bridge

dynamic

loading

test

撓度橫向分布測(cè)量

transversal

distribution

measurement

of

girder

deflection

橋梁撓度曲線

bridge

deflection

curve

激光準(zhǔn)直撓度測(cè)量

laser

alignment

deflection

measurement

索力測(cè)量

cable

force

measurement

[橋梁]動(dòng)力響應(yīng)試驗(yàn)

bridge

response

to

forced

vibration

行車激振

vibration

excited

by

moving

truck

跳車激振

vibration

excited

by

truck

jumping

from

threshold

on

deck

放松拉索激振

vibration

excited

by

cutting

off

holding

rope

落物激振

vibration

excited

by

dropping

weight

爆破激振

vibration

excited

by

explosive

action

橋梁自振頻率測(cè)量

bridge

natural

frequency

measurement

橋梁振型分析

bridge

vibration

mode

analysis

橋梁脈動(dòng)測(cè)量

bridge

pulsation

measurement

動(dòng)力放大過(guò)程線

dynamic

amplification

duration

curve

峰值響應(yīng)

peak

response

正響應(yīng)區(qū)

positive

response

zone

負(fù)響應(yīng)區(qū)

negative

response

zone

殘留響應(yīng)區(qū)

residual

response

zone

滯后響應(yīng)區(qū)

hysteresis

response

zone

余振自譜分析

residual

vibration

auto-spectrum

analysis

沖擊系數(shù)測(cè)定

impact

factor

evaluation

受迫振動(dòng)互譜分析

forced

vibration

cross—spectrum

analysis

無(wú)損檢測(cè)

non-destructive

test，NDT

混凝土強(qiáng)度超聲測(cè)量

ultrasonic

test

of

concrete

strength

混凝土回彈試驗(yàn)

rebound

test

of

concrete

裂縫聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)

crack

detecting

by

acoustic

emission

混凝土鉆孔內(nèi)窺鏡檢查

concrete

coring

hole

inspecting

by

endoscope

梁內(nèi)導(dǎo)管空隙真空加壓試驗(yàn)

duct

void

examination

by

vacuum

pressure

test

混凝土氯化物含量測(cè)量

concrete

chloride

content

measurement

氯化物含量沿深度分布測(cè)量

chloride

content

depth

profile

measurement

混凝土碳化試驗(yàn)

concrete

carbonation

test

碳化深度酚酞試驗(yàn)

carbonation

depth

by

phenolphthalein

test

鋼筋銹蝕活動(dòng)性評(píng)定

bar

corrosion

activity

evaluation

鋼筋銹蝕三因素模型

three-factor

model

of

bar

corrosion

鋼筋電阻率測(cè)量

bar

resistivity

measurement

鋼筋電位測(cè)量

bar

potential

measurement

橋基沉降觀測(cè)

bridge

foundation

settlement

observation

試樁

test

pile

樁軸向荷載試驗(yàn)

axial

loading

test

of

pile

樁橫向荷載試驗(yàn)

lateral

loading

test

of

pile

樁貫入試驗(yàn)

pile

penetration

test

樁完整性試驗(yàn)

pile

integrity

test

鉆孔直徑檢測(cè)

bored

hole

diameter

measurement

鉆孔垂［直]度檢測(cè)

bored

hole

verticality

measurement

［樁]動(dòng)測(cè)法

dynamic

measurement

of

pile

鉆孔泥漿試驗(yàn)

boring

slurry

test

工程地質(zhì)條件分析

engineering

geologic

condition

analysis

橋址穩(wěn)定性評(píng)定

bridge

site

stability

evaluation

橋基穩(wěn)定性評(píng)定

bridge

foundation

stability

evaluation

地震危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)定

seismic

risk

evaluation

橋址斷層活動(dòng)性評(píng)定

fault

activity

evaluation

of

bridge

site

液塑限聯(lián)合測(cè)定儀

liquid—plastic

combine

tester

擊實(shí)儀

compaction

test

apparatus

核子濕度密度儀

nuclear

moisture

and

density

meter

核子靜態(tài)濕度密度儀

nuclear

moisture

and

density

static

meter

核子動(dòng)態(tài)濕度密度儀

nuclear

moisture

and

density

dynamic

meter

貫入儀

penetration

test

apparatus

土圓錐儀

soil

cone

penetrator

固結(jié)儀

consolidometer

維卡稠度儀

Vicat

apparatus

承載板

bearing

plate

路面曲率儀

surface-curvature

apparatus

路面平整度測(cè)定儀

viameter

路面透水度測(cè)定儀

surface

permeameter

直剪儀

direct

shear

apparatus

三軸剪切儀

triaxial

shear

equipment

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)篩

standard

sieves

瀝青抽提儀

bitumen

extractor

砂漿稠度儀

mortar

consistency

tester

坍落度圓錐筒

slump

cone

沖擊韌度試驗(yàn)儀

impact

toughness

apparatus

耐磨硬度試驗(yàn)儀

wear

hardness

testing

apparatus

狄法爾磨耗試驗(yàn)機(jī)

Deval

abrasion

testing

machine

洛杉磯磨耗試驗(yàn)機(jī)

Los

Angeles

abrasion

testing

machine

石料加速磨光儀

accelerated

stone

polishing

tester

道路幾何數(shù)據(jù)收集系統(tǒng)

road

geometry

data

acquisition

system

路面激光測(cè)試儀

laser

road

surface

tester

路面病害攝影組合儀

photographic

road

survey

group

摩擦系數(shù)測(cè)定儀

friction

tester

滑溜測(cè)量?jī)x

skidometer

擺式儀

portable

pendulum

tester

橫向力系數(shù)測(cè)試儀

sideway

force

coefficient

routine

investigation

machine，

SCRIM

顛簸累積式平整儀

bump—integrator

roughometer

trailer

車載式顛簸累積儀

vehicular

bump—integrator

縱斷面分析儀

longitudinal

profile

analyzer

構(gòu)造深度儀

texture

meter

手推式構(gòu)造深度儀

minitexture

meter

高速構(gòu)造深度儀

high

speed

texture

meter

彎沉儀

deflectometer,

Benkelman

beam

又稱“貝克曼梁"。

自動(dòng)彎沉儀

autodeflectometer

落錘式彎沉儀

falling

weight

deflectometer，F(xiàn)WD

動(dòng)力式彎沉儀

dynaflect

路面快速加載試驗(yàn)機(jī)

accelerated

loading

facility，

ALF

試驗(yàn)路

test

road

試驗(yàn)環(huán)道

test

loop

road

長(zhǎng)柱試驗(yàn)機(jī)

long

column

testing

machine

光測(cè)彈性試驗(yàn)裝置

photoelastic

test

installation

結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)臺(tái)

shaking

table

for

structure

test，vibrostand

加載反力架

reaction

frame

for

loading

拖車式移動(dòng)試驗(yàn)車

trailer—typed

mobile

laboratory

vehicle

橋梁測(cè)試車

bridge

testing

laboratory

vehicle

自行式橋梁檢測(cè)架

self—propelled

bridge

inspection

cradle

加載平臺(tái)

weighted

platform

激振器

vibration

excitor

扁千斤頂

flat

jack

液壓穩(wěn)定器

hydraulic

pressure

stabilizer

應(yīng)變計(jì)

strain

gage

測(cè)力柱

load

measurement

column

壓力盒

pressure

cell

索力測(cè)定計(jì)

cable

tension

measurement

device

橋面單點(diǎn)加載裝置

single

point

loading

device

on

deck

加載水箱

water

tank

for

loading

橋面平整度測(cè)定儀

travelling-beam

testing

device

for

deck

surface

irregularity

回彈儀

rebound

tester,Schmidt

hammer

頻率儀

frequency

recorder

超聲脈沖測(cè)量?jī)x

ultrasonic

pulse

velocity

measurement

device

磁性測(cè)裂計(jì)

magnetic

crack

detector

光纖測(cè)裂計(jì)

optic

fiber

sensor

for

crack

monitor

電位測(cè)量裝置

potential

test

device

電位輪

potential

test

wheel

電阻率測(cè)量裝置

resistivity

test

device

半電池

half

cell

酸度計(jì)

pH

meter

聲發(fā)射測(cè)量系統(tǒng)

acoustic

emission

system

內(nèi)窺鏡

endoscope

基樁病害檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)

foundation

pile

diagnosis

system

打樁分析儀

pile

driving

analyzer,

PDA

測(cè)斜儀

inclinometer

電子水平儀

electrolevel

磁感式沉降標(biāo)

magnetic

tell

tale

孔隙水壓力計(jì)

pore

pressure

cell

十字板剪力儀

vane—shear

apparatus

液壓靜力觸探儀

hydraulic

static

cone

penetrometer

標(biāo)貫裝置

standard

penetration

equipment

巖心取樣器

core

sampler

薄殼取樣器

thin—walled

tube

sampler

鉆孔照相機(jī)

borehole

camera

鉆孔潛望鏡

borehole

periscope

鋼筋銹蝕測(cè)定計(jì)

bar

corrosion

activity

indicator

鋼筋保護(hù)層測(cè)定儀

cover

protectometer

壓電式傳感器

piezoelectric

transducer

拾震器

geophone

礳

電阻應(yīng)變儀

electric

resistance

strain

gauge

應(yīng)變巡檢箱

strain

scanning

unit

溫度巡檢箱

temperature

scanning

unit

可編程序數(shù)據(jù)采集器

programmable

data

logger

多通道數(shù)字記錄系統(tǒng)

multi

channel

digital

record

system

信號(hào)處理機(jī)

signal

processor

快速傅里葉變換分析儀

fast

Fourier

transfom

analyzer,

FFT

analyzer

又稱“FFT

分析儀”.

通視能見(jiàn)度檢驗(yàn)儀

all—through

visibility

tester

通視渾濁度儀

all—through

turbidimeter

公路環(huán)境

highway

environment

環(huán)境污染

environmental

pollution

環(huán)境損害

environmental

hazard

公路交通公害

highway

traffic

nuisance

公路施工環(huán)境影響

environmental

effects

in

highway

construction

公路環(huán)境保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)

highway

environmental

protection

desing

公路環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)

highway

environmental

impact

evaluation

大氣環(huán)境

air

environment

光化學(xué)煙幕

photochemical

smog

汽車排放物

vehicle

emission

施工機(jī)械排放物

construction

machine

emission

廢氣排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

exhaust

emission

standard

怠速排放污染物

pollutants

of

idle

speed

emission

蒸發(fā)污染物

evaporative

pollutants

曲軸箱排放物

crankcase

emissions

鉛粒

particulate

lead

煙濃度

smoke

concentration

煙粒

soot

柴油機(jī)排煙

diesel

smoke

煙度排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

smoke

emission

standard

博什煙度

Bosh

smoke

unit

微粒物

particles

總懸浮微粒

total

suspended

particles

一氧化碳監(jiān)測(cè)儀

carbon

monoxide

detector

一氧化碳允許濃度

carbon

monoxide

allowable

concentration

正已烷當(dāng)量

hexane

equivalent

梅氏曲線

May—curve

礳

廢氣濾清器

exhaust

scrubber

汽車排放分析儀

vehicle

exhaust

analyser

排氣凈化器

exhaust

purifier

隧道排氣污染

tunnel's

discharge

pollution

農(nóng)作物蒙塵

crops

covering

by

dust

防塵設(shè)施

dustproof

facilities

水質(zhì)

water

quality

水質(zhì)污染

water

pollution

工程廢水

construction

waste

water

施工廢棄物

construction

waste

消冰劑污染

deicing

agent

pollution

噪聲容限

noise

margin

噪聲污染

noise

pollution

噪聲檢定值

noise

rating

number,

NRN

噪聲等級(jí)

noise

level

噪聲等值線

noise

isoline

噪聲系數(shù)

noise

factor，

NF

背景噪聲

background

noise

環(huán)境嗓聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

environmental

noise

standard

交通噪聲

traffic

noise

交通噪聲指數(shù)

traffic

noise

index,

TNI

交通噪聲評(píng)價(jià)

traffic

noise

evaluation

車輛噪聲

vehicle

noise

車輛允許噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

allowable

vehicle

noise

standard

排氣噪聲

exhaust

noise

排氣