孤獨的刈麥女課件

TheSolitaryReaper

孤獨的刈（割）麥女WilliamWordsworth威廉華茲華斯孤獨的刈麥女寫作背景

華茲華斯生于英格蘭西北部湖區(qū)一律師家庭，八歲時離家求學(xué)，愛好大自然和詩歌。1787年進(jìn)劍橋大學(xué)。1790年暑期徒步游歷法國、瑞士、意大利。1791年畢業(yè)后徒步漫游了威爾士。他曾多次到蘇格蘭各地游歷，廣泛接觸大自然和鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)土民情。這首詩據(jù)說就是他游歷時的收獲；另一種說法認(rèn)為是詩人讀了朋友哈金森的一則日記后寫的。哈金森在日記中寫道，在一次遠(yuǎn)足中，他偶然看到一位蘇格蘭高地農(nóng)家女在麥田里一面勞作，一面唱歌。歌聲悠揚(yáng)哀婉，凄切動人。這些材料經(jīng)過詩人點化，成了這首膾炙人口的抒情詩。

V.ThemesofWordsworth’spoems

1.naturalimpressions

2.thefeelingsofthecommonpeople

3.harmonybetweenhumanityandnature孤獨的刈麥女Stanza1:ThepoetheardaScottishgirlsingingwhilereapinginthewheatfield.1Beholdher,singleinthefield,

2YonsolitaryHighlandLass!

3Reapingandsingingbyherself;

4Stophere,orgentlypass!

vt.

lookat=yonder:overthere蘇格蘭西北部高原Thepoethesitates.or恐驚5Aloneshecutsandbindsthegrain,6Andsingsamelancholystrain;

7Olisten!fortheValeprofound

8Isoverflowingwiththesound.哀傷的曲調(diào)=valley=girlHervoiceislikewater.捆孤獨的刈麥女Beholdher,singleinthefield,

YonsolitaryHighlandLass!

Reapingandsingingbyherself;

Stophere,orgentlypass!

Aloneshecutsandbindsthegrain

Andsingsamelancholystrain;

Ohlisten!Forthevaleprofound

Isoverflowingwiththesound.

看她，在田里獨自一個，

那個蘇格蘭高原的少女！

獨自在收割，獨自在唱歌；

停住吧，或者悄悄走過去！

她獨自割麥，又把它捆好，

唱著一只憂郁的曲調(diào)；

聽??！整個深邃的谷地

都有這一片歌聲在洋溢

孤獨的刈麥女Stanza2:

Thepoetissurprisedtohearsuchabeautifulsonginsoremoteaplace.1NoNightingaledideverchaunt

2Morewelcomenotestowearybands

3Oftravellersinsomeshadyhaunt,

4AmongArabiansands=chant歌唱可愛的音符groupoasis綠洲wheretravellerstakearestunderthetrees.desertsinmostoftheArabianPeninsula半島nightingale夜鶯abirdgoodatsinging孤獨的刈麥女5Avoicesothrillingne‘erwasheard，

6Inspring-timefromtheCuckoobird,

7Breakingthesilenceoftheseas

8AmongthefarthestHebrides.動人的=neverherald信使ofspring,cominginAprilandleavinginAugustcuckoo杜鵑鳥IrelandEnglandScotlandHebridesInSpringpeopleontheHebridesareexcitedtohearthecuckoo’ssongafteralongwinter’ssilence.孤獨的刈麥女NoNightingaledideverchaunt

Morewelcomenotestowearybands

Oftravellersinsomeshadyhaunt,

AmongArabiansands.

Avoicesothrillingne'erwasheard

Inspring-timefromtheCuckoo-bird,

BreakingthesilenceoftheseasAmongthefarthestHebrides.從沒有夜鶯能夠唱出

更美的音調(diào)來歡迎結(jié)隊商，

疲倦了，到一個蔭涼的去處

就在阿拉伯沙漠的中央；

杜鵑鳥在春天叫得多動人，

也沒有這樣子蕩人心魂，

盡管它驚破了遠(yuǎn)海的靜悄，

響徹了赫伯里底斯群島。

孤獨的刈麥女Stanza3:

Thepoetdoesn’tunderstandhersongbutknowsitisaboutsomethingsad.1Willnoonetellmewhatshesings?

2Perhapstheplaintive

numbers

flow

3

Forold,unhappy,far-offthings,

4Andbattleslongago:sad音符areabout(Hersongislikewater.)longtimeago5Orisitsomemorehumblelay,

6Familiarmatterofto-day?

7Somenaturalsorrow,loss,orpain,

8Thathasbeen,andmaybeagain?低俗的小調(diào)suchasthenaturaldeathofherparents孤獨的刈麥女Willnoonetellmewhatshesings?—

Perhapstheplaintivenumbersflow

Forold,unhappy,far-offthings,

Andbattleslongago.Orisitsomemorehumblelay,

Familiarmatterofto-day?

Somenaturalsorrow,loss,orpain,

Thathasbeen,andmaybeagain?

她唱的是什么，可有誰說得清？

哀怨的曲調(diào)里也許在流傳

古老，不幸，悠久的事情，

還有長遠(yuǎn)以前的征戰(zhàn)；

或者她唱的并不特殊，

只是今日的家常事故？

那些天然的喪憂、哀痛，

有過的，以后還會有的種種？

孤獨的刈麥女Stanza4:Thepoetwassomovedbyhersongthathecouldneverforgetit.1Whate'erthetheme,theMaidensang

2Asifhersongcouldhavenoending;

3Isawhersingingatherwork,

4Ando'erthesicklebending;—girl鐮刀=whatevercf.余音繞梁，三日不絕Thepoetwascarriedawaybyhersongandalmostforgothisjourney.5Ilisten'd,motionlessandstill;=overlisteningattentively孤獨的刈麥女6And,asImountedupthehill,

7ThemusicinmyheartIbore,

8Longafteritwasheardnomore.登上Iborethemusicinmyheart.我把那支樂曲牢記心頭。Thegirlsangoverherwork.Thesolitaryreaper’ssongleftanunforgetableimpressiononthepoet’smind.孤獨的刈麥女Whate'erthetheme,theMaidensang

Asifhersongcouldhavenoending;

Isawhersingingatherwork,

Ando'erthesicklebending;—

Ilistened,motionlessandstill;

And,asImountedupthehill,ThemusicinmyheartIbore,

Longafteritwasheardnomore.

不管她唱的是什么題目，

她的歌好像會沒完沒了，

我看見她邊唱邊干活，

彎著腰，揮動她的鐮刀——

我一動也不動，聽了許久；

后來，當(dāng)我上山的時候，

我把歌聲還記在心上，

雖然早已聽不見聲響

孤獨的刈麥女Genre:Structure:RhymeScheme:Meters:Theme:lyricpoem抒情詩four8-linestanzas共四節(jié)每節(jié)八句ababccdd(exceptlines1&3instanzas1and4)iambictetrameter四音步抑揚(yáng)格

ThepoetisfascinatedwithaScottishpeasantgirl’sbeautifulsong.孤獨的刈麥女語音，格律該詩分四節(jié)，每節(jié)八行，共三十二行，每行大體上包括四個抑揚(yáng)格的音步，尾韻一般為ababccdd。前四句是隔行押韻，后四句是兩個對偶句。

特點：既有規(guī)律又不單調(diào)節(jié)奏“Reapingandsingingbyherself;”“Stophere,orgentlypass!”“Breakingthesilenceoftheseas”和“Longafteritwasheardnomore.”押韻一四兩節(jié)一三句不押韻音韻美：重復(fù)同源詞動詞sings、sang，名詞song及分詞singing等三個同源詞孤獨的刈麥女FIGURESOFSPEECH反襯

用夜鶯和杜鵑反襯少女歌聲的優(yōu)美暗喻、通感

聲音在作者眼中變?yōu)橛行蔚氖挛锖粽Z

BEHOLDHER/OLISTEN反復(fù)

同源詞反復(fù)類比

少女的歌聲與夜鶯和杜鵑的歌唱詩人與旅人及赫布里群島象征

MOUNTUPTHEHILL象征著人生的旅途反問孤獨的刈麥女

語言特點語言十分簡樸，詩意明白易懂，但它清新自然，意境優(yōu)美，如一幅畫，一幅有聲有色的畫意象

意象，就是對我們的感覺能起刺激作用的具體形象

視覺意象(visualimage)：singleinthefield，motionlessandstill，o’erthesicklebending等；動覺意象(kinaestheticimage)：reapingandsinging，stophereorgentlypass，cutsandbinds，breakingthesilence，mountedupthehill等聽覺意象(auditoryimage)，如：singsamelancholystrain，overf