2021屆高考英語詞匯閱讀打卡計劃（Day 13）基礎(chǔ)版

2021高考英語詞匯閱讀打卡計劃（Day

13）基礎(chǔ)版

-：詞匯打卡復(fù)習(xí)

1：agriculture/'aegnlc\ltja(r)/

n.[U]農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)學(xué)；農(nóng)藝

Horseswereimportanttoolsintheadvancementofmodernagriculture.

馬是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)步的重要工具。

【派生詞】

agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的；農(nóng)用的

2：replace/npleis/

vt.代替；取代；更換；

Heshouldreplacethedoorlock.

他應(yīng)該更換門鎖。

【常用搭配】

replace...with...用....替換....

【派生詞】

replacementn.調(diào)換；替代

3：material/ma'tioriol/

n.[C]&[U]材料；布料；原料；

adj.實際的；物質(zhì)的；客觀存在的

Iwantstudentstothoroughlystudythematerialandexchangetheirideaswitheachother

intheclassroom.

我想讓學(xué)生在課堂上充分學(xué)習(xí)材料，互相交流思想。

【派生詞】

materiallyadv.物質(zhì)上地；實質(zhì)上地；重要地

4：super/'su:pa(r)/

adj.特級的；極好的；

adv.十分；非常；極為

Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff"asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidto

thinkofthatpossibility.

有人說我們可以“把它們關(guān)掉”，就好像那些有超常智慧的機(jī)器愚蠢到想不到這種

可能一樣。

5：priority/prai'nnti/

n.[C]&fU]優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)；優(yōu)先次序；優(yōu)先考慮的事

Prioritywillbegiventothosewhoapplyearly.

早申請者將獲優(yōu)先考慮。

【常用搭配】

givepriorityto優(yōu)先考慮；認(rèn)為優(yōu)先

takepriorityover優(yōu)先考慮....

6：barrier/^aena/

n.[C]障礙物，屏障；界線

IrealizedIhadtoovercomethelanguagebarrier.

我意識到我不得不克服語言障礙。

【常用搭配】

aticketbarrier檢票口

abarriertosuccess成功的障礙

languagebarrier語言障礙

7：structure/'strAktja(r)/

&n?結(jié)構(gòu);構(gòu)造

Doctorsstudythestructureofthehumanbody.

醫(yī)生研究人體構(gòu)造。

【常用搭配】

basicstructure基本結(jié)構(gòu)

market/socialstructure市場/社會結(jié)構(gòu)

【派生詞】

structuraladj.結(jié)構(gòu)的；建筑的

8：valley/'vaeli/

n.[C]山谷；流域；溪谷

Withnewtechnology,picturesofunderwatervalleyscanbetakenincolor.

借助新技術(shù)，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。

【常用搭配】

mountainvalleyill谷

9：platform/*plaetf3：iii/

n.[C]平臺；月臺，站臺；壇；講臺

Nickfinishedwhathewassayingandjumpeddownfromtheplatform.

尼克講完話，從講臺上跳了下來。

10：channel/'tj史n(o)l/

n.[C]通道；頻道；海峽；vt.引導(dǎo)，開導(dǎo)；形成河道

Complaintsmustbemadethroughtheproperchannels.投訴必須通過正當(dāng)途徑進(jìn)行。

11：decrease英[dikriis,Hiikris]

v.減少

n.減少

復(fù)數(shù)：decreases

l.Sotheresearcherssuggest5Methods:Thatcoulddecreasecostsandincreaseproduction

ofsorghum.

因此研究人員提出了5種辦法，這些方法可以在降低成本的同時提高高梁產(chǎn)量.

2.WhywillthisStealthShoulderedAbutmentsystemdecreasetheuseofangled

abutments?

為何此隱肩支臺系統(tǒng)將會減少彎角支臺的使用？

3.Beingduetoinitialdataerrors,theresultaccuracyfromthepopularadjustmentwill

decrease.

因起算數(shù)據(jù)誤差的存在,導(dǎo)致了用普通的平差方法求得的結(jié)果精度降低.

12：impatience英[m'pejjiis]

n.不耐煩；焦躁；渴望；切望

形容詞：impatient

副詞：impatiently

1.Thereisacertainimpatienceamongsomeofthesoldiers.

有些士兵有點兒不耐煩。

2.Therewasahintofimpatienceinhistone.

他的語氣中透出些不耐煩。

3.Sheshowedimpatiencetocontinuetheclimb.

她迫不及待地想要繼續(xù)攀登。

13：glare[glea(r)]

V.瞪眼；怒視；發(fā)出強(qiáng)光

n.怒視；強(qiáng)光；密切關(guān)注

過去分詞：glared

現(xiàn)在分詞：glaring

第三人稱單數(shù)：glares

l.Thesunreflectedoffthesnow,creatinganawfulglare.

太陽光從雪面上反射回來,形成可怕的炫目的強(qiáng)光.

2.Hiseyeswerehollow,andshonewithabrilliantandfeverishglare.

他的眼睛下陷，閃爍著熾熱的光芒.

3.Theglarefromthefirelitupthesky.

火光照亮了天空.

14：expectation[)ekspekke同

n.期待，希望；指望

變形

復(fù)數(shù)：expectations

1.Contrarytoourexpectation,theMiamiHeatwonthegame.

與我們所期待的相反,邁阿密熱火隊贏了這場比賽.

2.Aterriblemomentofexpectationandsilenceensued.

有過一陣驚心動魄的靜候辰光.

3.Theproductsalesisoutofourexpectation.

產(chǎn)品的銷量好得出乎我們的意料之外.

15：amaze[a^ez]

v.使驚奇/驚愕

變形

過去分詞：amazed

現(xiàn)在分詞：amazing

過去式：amazed

第三人稱單數(shù)：amaze

雙語例句

l.Youappreciatecreativityandimaginationthathasthepowertoinspire,uplift,oramaze.

你欣賞具有精神鼓舞、提升力量的或讓人驚奇的創(chuàng)造性和想象力.

2.Youknow,sometimesIamazeevenmyself.

有時連我自己也感驚奇.

二：閱讀打卡復(fù)習(xí)

(―)

Measles（麻疹）,whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,was

nearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine（疫

苗）.Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementand

misinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeen

reportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.When

vaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneis

protected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity",whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurt

easily,includingthosewhocan'tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtoget

vaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn'twork.

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefuse

vaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.

That'sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfrom

OrangeCountyCalifornia,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,to

Brooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutvery

smallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.

Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（決定不參力口）ofwhat

aresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstates

allowparentstogetanexemption（豁免）,sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingthey

personallyobjecttoavaccine.

Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforopting

out.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.

Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.But

personalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccines

provide,butthey'11existonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.

l.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.

A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend

B.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention

C.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons

D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly

2.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.

A.exemptionsareallowed

B.severalvaccinesareusedtogether

C.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin

D.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws

3.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?

A.Theoveruseofvaccine.

B.Thelackofmedicalcare.

C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.

D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.

B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.

D.Toappealfbrequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.

參考答案：ACDC

（二）

TheUSpresidentDonaldTrumphaspopularizedthephrase“fakenews”.Butnottoo

longagothesewordsincombinationwouldhavemeantlittletoeverydayEnglishspeakers.

AnatolyLiberman,aGerman,writesabouttheoriginsoftheword“fake”.Theword,

itturnsout,hasaverydarkpast.Thebestguessathow“fake”becamethemainstream,

arguesLiberman,isthatitwasakindusedbythievesintheLondonunderworld.But“howit

gotthere,nobodyintheworldknows,andprobablynobodywilleverknow,“hetellsQuartz.

LibermanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheauthorofWordOrigins

andHowWeKnowThem.Hewritesthatearlyrecordsof“fake"asanEnglishadjective

appearedaroundthemiddleofthe18thcentury.Thewordlikelycomesfromcant,orthief

jargon（行話）.

TheOEDmentions“fake”asaverbstartingin1819,whichbasicallymeant“todo”

injargon,butalso“tokill,wound,orrob”.Anentryfromadictionarythatyearreads:

“Tofakeanypersonorplace,torobthem;tofakeapersonmayalsoimplytoshoot,

wound,orcut;tofakeamanoutandout,istokillhim.

LibermantracesthewordnexttoCharlesDickens,whoused”cly?faker”,where“cly”

meanspocket,inOliverTwist.Thisishowhebelievestheknowledgeof"fake"asawor