2024版新教材高考英語全程一輪總復習課時天天練30Unit4AdversityandCourage新人教版選擇性必修第三冊

課時天天練(三十)UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGEⅠ.閱讀理解A[2023·廣東省六校第一次聯(lián)考]TheideaofclimbingMt.Qomolangmadisgustedme.ThemountaincametorepresenttheoppositeofeverythingthatIlovedandrespectedaboutclimbing.Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry.Overtheyears,thecrowdsatBaseCampgrew,leavingbehindtonsoftrash.WheneverIwasaskedwhetherI'dclimbMt.Qomolangma,myanswerwasalwaysthesame:notinterested.ThatwasprobablywheremypersonalMt.Qomolangmastorywouldhaveended,wereitnotforanoldfriendandhisobsession(迷戀)withoneofthegreatestmysteries.In1999,ThomPollardbegantoexploreandfoundtheremainsofGeorgeMallory,thecelebratedBritishclimberwhodisappearedwhilehewasattemptingtobethefirsttoclimbMt.Qomolangma.ButMallory'spartner,SandyIrvine,andthecamerahehadlikelycarried,werenotfound.Themountainclimbingworldhasbeenwonderingwhethertheymighthavereachedthetopin1924.Pollard'sstorymovedme.Ibegantopackfortheclimbandexpectedthatouradvancedequipmentwouldmakeitmanageable,perhapseasy.Iwaswrong.Onthehighestpointontheplanet,IwasmoretiredthanI'deverbeeninanyclimbing.Alongtheway,Icontinuouslytipped__my__hat,__notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute.Mysearchwasinvain,butIbegantoreconsiderMt.Qomolangma.Iwitnessedmanyclimbers,whoweremuchmorethanjustself-centeredtourists.Wesharedrouteinformation,weatherforecasts,andfamilyphotos—allunitedaroundacommongoal.IwenttoMt.QomolangmatoseekIrvine.Butintheend,Ifoundsomethingmoredifficulttoget:thespiritthatIrvineandMalloryshared.Itwashidinginplainsight,rightwhereithasalwaysbeen:insidethebravesoulswhorisksomuchtofollowinstoriedadventurers'footstepsupMt.Qomolangma.1．WhatisthemainreasonwhytheauthorhatedclimbingMt.Qomolangma?A．Hechangedhisclimbinggoal.B．Mt.Qomolangmawasseriouslypollutedbytrash.C．Mt.Qomolangmabecameanindustrytomakemoney.D.Themountainwastoocrowdedwithclimbers.2．WhydidtheauthorclimbMt.Qomolangmalater?A．Becausehedesiredtochallengehimself.B．BecausehegotmotivatedbyThomPollard.C．Becausehisoldfriendpersuadedhimtoclimbagain.D．BecausehewantedtofollowthefootstepsofMalloryandIrvine.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tippedmyhat”inParagraph3mean?A．Expressedmygratitude.B．Provedmydetermination.C．Relievedthetiredness.D．Showedmyrespect.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Admirationfortheclimbers.B．Concernabouttherisk.C．Confidenceinthejourney.D．HopeforMt.Qomolangma'sfuture.B[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]Lizard(蜥蜴)speciesmayalreadyhavedeclinedpastthepointofnoreturnintheworld.Whatisthereason?Risingtemperatures.Researchersestimatethatasmuchas39percentoflizardspeciesworldwidewillhavediedoutby2080.Theproblemisthattemperaturesinmanyregionswherelizardslivehavechangedtoofastfortheanimalstokeeppace.BarrySinervofromtheDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyattheUniversityofCaliforniainSantaCruz,alongwithcolleaguesfromacrosstheglobe,reachedthatconclusionbytakingcurrentdataonMexicanlizards.Theyalsoestimatedthat4percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.Thatnumbercouldjumpto20percentby2080ifcarbondioxidelevelsaren'tloweredtoreducewarming.Theteamlooked48speciesoftheSceloporuslizardat200sitesaroundMexico.Thesiteswerefirstsampledfrom1975to2009.By2010,researcherscouldnotfindlizardsat12percentofthosesites.Lizardsthatraisetheiryoungareespeciallyattheriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothosethatlayeggs.“Young-raisershavelowerbodytemperaturesthatheightentheriskofdying，”Sinervosaidinastatement.“Wearewatchingthesespeciesdisappearbeforeoureyes.”Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,therearestillalotofuncertaintiesabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.ManyMexicanlizardspeciesliveinhighaltitude“islands”，whereclimatechangehappensthefastest.Thelizardscannotadjustfastenoughtosurvive.Thescientistssaytheydonotthinktheanimalsarelikelytosavethemselvesjustbymovingsomewhereelse,either.“HowquicklycanEarth'slizardsadapttotherisingglobaltemperatures?That'stheimportantquestion，”Sinervosaidinapressrelease.“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan'tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”5．Whichofthefollowinglizardsfaceahigherriskofdyingout?A．Lizardsatlowaltitudes.B．Lizardsthatraisetheiryoung.C．Lizardsthatlayeggs.D．Lizardsinastableenvironment.6．WhatcanwelearnfromBarrySinervoandhiscolleagues?A．Theirconclusionisbasedoncurrentdataonvariouskindsoflizards.B．20percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.C.Theyareuncertainabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies.D．Theyareseeinghighlandspeciesmovingdownward.7．Whyistheuplandlizards'survivalaffectedgreatlybyclimatechange?A．Becauseoftheirlivinghabitats'destruction.B．Becauseoftheirlivingskills.C．Becauseofhighlandspeciesmovingdownward.D．Becauseoftheiradaptivecapacity.8．What'sthepurposeofthispassage?A．ToprovethatEarthisnotsuitableforlizards.B．Towarnthatlizardsmaydieoutquicklyduetoclimatechange.C．Toexplainwhynomorelizardswillbefoundby2080.D．Toemphasizethatthehabitatoflizardsischanginggreatly.[答題區(qū)]題號12345678答案Ⅱ.閱讀七選五[2023·山東省濰坊市高三上學期期中]ToputintowordsmytimeinAntarcticaandSouthGeorgiaisnearlyimpossible.Ihadalwaysdescribeditasaonceinalifetimeexperience,butassoonasIsteppedfootonthecontinent,IimmediatelyknewIneededtoreturn.__1__About50%ofthepassengersofourexpedition(遠征)hadbeentoAntarcticaatleastoncebefore.Thisgoestoshowjusthowmagicalofadestinationitis.Allyoursenseswillbestimulated...isthebestwayIcandescribethetimeonthewhitecontinent.Howtinyyoufeelnexttotoweringglaciersandicebergs.TheicywatermovingthroughyourbodyasyoutaketheinfamousPolarPlunge.Thelearningofheart-touchingstoriesofsurvivalfromexplorersofthepast.__2__Antarcticamakesyoufeelsosmallandinsignificant,inthebestway.__3__Yougetfrontrowseatstowitnessthemostincredibleshow:nature.Itisasmuchbeautifulasisitcruel.Likeseeingabrownskua(賊鷗)attackingapenguinchick.Yourheartaches.ThenyourexpeditionguideregretfullytellsyouthatachickthatissmallinMarchwouldhaveveryslimchancesofsurvivingtheupcomingwinter.Thecyclecontinues,andyou'releftwonderingwhotorootfor.ThingsmovefastinAntarctica,andeverymonthofferssomethingreallyuniqueandspecialtosee.InMarch,theweatherisabitmoreunpredictable,andtheseaiceisbeginningtoformagain.__4__Intwomoreweeks,expeditionshipswouldnotbeabletobreakthroughtheice.Thepenguinsarecompletingtheiryearlyfeather-changingprocess.__5__Theexpeditionteammadesurewekeptourdistanceanddidnotscarethemintohidingunderfreezingwater.Theseanimals,arguablythecutestyouwilleversee,survivesuchunfavorableenvironments.It'sabsolutelyincredibletowitnessthechallenges,theskill,theefforts,allofit.Iamforevergratefultohavebeenavisitor.A．Thelistgoeson.B．Butthisisnotalwaysthecase.C．Ourvoyagewasthelastoftheseason.D．Iwasnottheonlyonewhofeltthisway.E．I,yearslater,didreturntothisfascinatingplace.F．Theyarereallyweakduringthistime,andcannotdive.G．Everythinghasapurpose,andthecycleoflifeisevident.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語法填空[2023·嘉興市高三基礎(chǔ)測試]Chinahasseengreatbenefitssincethelaunchofitscarbontradingmarketayearago.Theprogramhasplayed1.________importantroleinraisinglow-carbonawareness.Althoughitonlygetsthepowergenerationindustryinvolvednow,theinitiativeofpricingcarbonemissions(排放物)hasboostedthe2.________(develop)ofcarbon-relatedservicesinindustriesbeyond.Rightnowmorethan9，800companiesareprovidingsuchservices,ofwhichover1，8003.________(establish)lastyear.Carbontradingistheprocessofbuyingandsellingpermitstosendoutgreenhousegases.Opened4.________July16,2021,themarketnowincludes5.________(national)2，162power-generatingcompanies,coveringabout4.5billiontonsofcarbonemissions.ThathasmadeChinatheworld's6.________(large)marketforcarbontrading.Theprogramputscarbonemissionlimitsoneveryunitofelectricityapowerplantgenerates.Aftereachcycleoftrading,companies7.________haveleftovercarbonallowances(限額)cansellthemtoothers.If8.________(fall)short,they'llhavetobuyallowances.Theprogramhasprovenitsvalueinmotivatingcompanies9.________(reduce)emissionsatalowercost.However,officialssayChinaneedstomakefurthereffortstoimprovethesupportsystems,getthemarkettorunsmoothly10.________enhancethequalityofcarbonemissiondata.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________課時天天練(三十)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：夾敘夾議文主題語境：人與自我——生活方式——攀登珠穆朗瑪峰【語篇解讀】在ThomPollard的激勵下，作者開始攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，但他發(fā)現(xiàn)這要比他想象中難。在攀登的過程中，作者感悟到了更重要的東西，并對那些冒著巨大風險追隨傳奇探險家的腳步而攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的勇敢攀登者表達了欽佩之情。1．答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry”可知，曾經(jīng)的最終登山目標成了商業(yè)向?qū)袠I(yè)的焦點。由此可知，作者討厭攀登珠穆朗瑪峰是因為它變成了一個賺錢的行業(yè)。故選C項。2．答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)第三段中的“Pollard'sstorymovedme”可知，Pollard的故事打動了作者。由此可知，作者后來攀登珠穆朗瑪峰是受到了ThomPollard的激勵。故選B項。3．答案與解析：D理解詞匯。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ibegantopackforthe...inanyclimbing”可知，作者本來以為先進的登山設(shè)備可以使攀登珠穆朗瑪峰變得容易，但是事實證明，作者錯了。在地球的最高點，作者感覺攀登珠穆朗瑪峰比以往任何一次攀登都要累。再根據(jù)畫線詞后的“notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute”可知，此處表示在攀登的過程中，作者一直在向Mallory、Irvine和所有有動力推動自己走上這條路的人致敬。故選D項。4．答案與解析：A理解段落主旨要義。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itwashiding...footstepsupMt.Qomolangma”可知，Irvine、Mallory所分享的這種精神隱藏在顯而易見的地方，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒著巨大風險追隨傳奇探險家的腳步而攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的勇敢靈魂里。由此可推斷，作者在最后對那些冒著巨大風險追隨傳奇探險家的腳步而攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的勇敢攀登者表達了欽佩之情。故選A項。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——保護環(huán)境——蜥蜴物種減少【語篇解讀】本文介紹了由于氣溫上升，蜥蜴物種的數(shù)量可能已經(jīng)減少到了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的地步。5．答案與解析：B理解具體信息。根據(jù)文章第四段首句“Lizardsthatraisetheiryoung...thatlayeggs”可知，與產(chǎn)蛋的蜥蜴相比，撫養(yǎng)小蜥蜴的那些蜥蜴滅絕的風險更大。故選B項。6．答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)文章第五段中的“therearestill...species”可知，研究人員說氣候變化影響物種的程度有多深仍有很多不確定性。故選C項。7．答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ManyMexicanlizardspecies...adjustfastenoughtosurvive”可知，在高地氣候變化很快，蜥蜴不能很快地適應(yīng)、生存下去，所以高地蜥蜴這一群體的存活深受氣候影響是因為它們的適應(yīng)能力不足。故選D項。8．答案與解析：B理解目的。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了由于氣溫上升，蜥蜴物種的數(shù)量可能已經(jīng)減少到了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的地步。從而可以推斷出，此文的目的是警告人們由于氣候變化，蜥蜴可能會很快滅絕。故選B項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在南極洲的各種見聞以及在南極洲的感受。1．答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文“Ihadalwaysdescribeditasaonceinalifetimeexperience,butassoonasIsteppedfootonthecontinent,IimmediatelyknewIneededtoreturn.”以及下文內(nèi)容“About50%ofthepassengersofourexpedition(遠征)hadbeentoAntarcticaatleastoncebefore.Thisgoestoshowjusthowmagicalofadestinationitis.”可知，有很多人都不是第一次去南極洲，也就是想再去南極洲的人不止作者一個。故選D。2．答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Howtinyyoufeelnexttotoweringglaciersandicebergs.TheicywatermovingthroughyourbodyasyoutaketheinfamousPolarPlunge.Thelearningofheart-touchingstoriesofsurvivalfromexplorersofthepast.”可知，上文提到的是作者在南極洲時的各種體驗。選項A“Thelistgoeson.(這樣的例子不勝枚舉。)”是對上文的總結(jié)，同時也說明作者的感慨頗多。3．答案與解析：G根據(jù)下文可知，大自然以自己的方式延續(xù)下去。選項G“Everythinghasapurpose,andthecycleoflifeisevident.(萬物皆有目的，生命的循環(huán)是顯而易見的。)”引出下文，與段意一致。4．答案與解析：C根據(jù)下文“Intwomoreweeks,expeditionshipswouldnotbeabletobreakthroughtheice.”可知，再過兩個星期，探險船就無法進入南極洲。選項C與下文內(nèi)容一致。5．答案與解析：F根據(jù)空前“Thepenguinsarecompletingtheiryearlyfeather-changingprocess.”以及下文“The