閱讀理解·組合限時(shí)練(二)

閱讀理解·組合限時(shí)練(二)(限時(shí)30分鐘)A(2023·眉山三模)Abunchofflowers,aboxofchocolatesandabottleofwinearetheclassicmoveswhenitcomestobuyingthebestMother'sDaygifts.Ifyouwantsomethingalittledifferentthisyear,we'vepreparedaguidetofinegiftsforyourmother,grandmotherormother-in-law.PersonalizedChoppingBoard(切菜板)From￡40,EtsyQuickestdelivery:5－7days,freeAgoodchoppingboardwillstaywithyouforlife.ThiswoodenboardishandmadeinaYorkshireworkshop,andcanbepersonalizedononeorbothsides.Sizesvaryfromsmalltoextralarge.Bloom&WildFlowerSubscription￡104forsixmonths,Bloom&WildGivethegiftoffreshflowersonceamonth,forsixmonthswiththiswellpricedBloom&Wildgiftsubscription.Itworksoutat￡17.33perbunch.That'saprettygooddealconsideringtheaveragebunchatBloom&Wildcostsnearer￡25.TheBodyShopRoseQuartzGuaShaStone￡15,TheBodyShopQuickestdelivery:nextdayifyouorderbefore11am,￡4.99ThepracticeofguashaisrootedinancientChinesemedicinebutbecamethenumberonewesternbeautytrendin2020afterinfluencersandbeautyeditorsalikewerecrazyabouthowitmadetheirfacesappearmoreattractive.Itinvolvescombingaguashaalongyourcheeks,jawline,chinandaroundyourmouthindelicatedraggingmotionstode-puff(消腫)．FitbitInspire2￡44.99,JohnLewisQuickestdelivery:nextdayfrom￡7.50It'sacommonmisconceptionthatyouhavetobreakthebanktobuyafitnesswatch,butthisFitbitwatchsuggestsotherwise.Forlessthan￡50,shegetsatrackerofactivity,heart-rateandsleep,aswellasabatterythatlastsupto10days.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些適合母親節(jié)的禮物。1．HowmuchmayyearlysubscribedflowerscostatBloom&Wild?A．￡100. B．￡104.C．￡208. D．￡300.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bloom&WildFlowerSubscription部分中的“￡104forsixmonths,Bloom&Wild”可知，Bloom&Wild花店訂閱六個(gè)月是104英鎊，故訂閱一年是208英鎊。2．Whatmadeguashapopularin2020?A．Itsbeautifyingeffect.B．Itseasy-to-usefeature.C．Itsbodyweightcontrol.D．ItsChinesemedicineorigin.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheBodyShopRoseQuartzGuaShaStone部分中的“Thepracticeofguasha...becamethenumberonewesternbeautytrendin2020...appearmoreattractive.”可知，刮痧由于其美容功效在2020年變得流行。3．WhatisspecialaboutFitbitInspire2?A．Itiswater-proof.B．Itisreasonablypriced.C．Ithasalongbatterylife.D．Itcantrackusers'activity.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FitbitInspire2部分“It'sacommonmisconceptionthatyouhavetobreakthebanktobuyafitnesswatch,butthisFitbitwatchsuggestsotherwise.Forlessthan￡50...”可知，F(xiàn)itbitInspire2的特殊之處在于它價(jià)格合理。B(2023·大連二模)OnedayHilaryKriegerwassittinginherparents'homewhenherfriendaccidentallysquirted(噴，射)himselfwithanorangeslice.“Isaid，‘Oh,theorangejustorbisculated，’”sherecalls.“Andhesaid，‘Itdidwhat？’”Thetwomadea$5bet,andHilaryconfidentlygrabbedthefamilydictionary.But“orbisculate”issomehownotinthedictionary!Hilaryburstintoherdad'sstudyandtoldhimtheshockingnews.Helookedkindofembarrassed,andsaidhehadmadeupthiswordincollegeanddefineditas“Whenyoudigyourspoonintoagrapefruitanditsquirtsjuicedirectlyintoyoureye.”Hehadjustbeenusingitallthetime.Shewasmadathiswordsbutquicklycametoseeherdad'smade-upwordasagift,onethatshowedhiscreativityandinventivespirit.Twodecadeslater,Hilaryfoundherselftellingthatfunnystoryagainandagain.Herfather,NeilKrieger,passedawayinApril2020atage78.ThenHilarybegantothinkthat“orbisculate”issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary!Gettingawordintothedictionaryisn'teasy.Merriam-Websteraddsonlyabout1,000newwordstoitsmasterdatabaseeveryyear.Onlywordswithalargeandbroadreadershipinpublicationscanenterthedictionary.ThenHilary,44,hatchedaplan.Shebuiltawebsitecalledandencouragedpeopletousethewordpubliclyenough.Manyfriendsandstrangersareinspired.SomewearT-shirtswiththewordprintedonthem.Someusethewordinanonlinecrosswordpuzzle.Someevenputahomemadeorbisculationwarningsigninagrocerystore.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceNeil'sdeath.Eveniftheworddoesn'tmakeitintothedictionary,Hilaryfeelsherefforttogetherfather'swordintothedictionaryhashelpedherrecapturealittleofthejoythathasbeenmissingfromtheirlives.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了希拉里的父親創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)全新的詞匯。希拉里在父親去世后努力使這個(gè)詞匯被納入《韋氏詞典》的故事。4．Whatcanweknowabouttheword“orbisculate”？A．Itwaswidelyacknowledged.B．Itwasmadeuptotrickothers.C．Itwasofpracticaluse.D．ItwaswronglyusedbyHilary.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Helookedkindofembarrassed...hadjustbeenusingitallthetime.”可知，這個(gè)詞可以解釋果汁噴到眼睛里的具體場(chǎng)景，而且父親一直在用orbisculate這個(gè)詞，說(shuō)明這個(gè)詞很實(shí)用。5．What'sthefunctionofParagraph4?A．Presentingsomeevidence.B．Addingsomebackground.C．Introducinganewtopic.D．Makingacomparison.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Gettingawordintothedictionaryisn'teasy...1,000newwords...Onlywordswithalargeandbroadreadershipinpublicationscanenterthedictionary.”可知，本段講述了如何才能把一個(gè)新詞添加到《韋氏詞典》中，即講述了希拉里想把父親創(chuàng)造的詞納入《韋氏詞典》這件事的背景。6．WhydidHilarybuildawebsite?A．Tomakeaprofit.B．Toappreciatefriendsandstrangers.C．Tomemorizeherfather.D．Togetthewordofficiallyrecognized.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Shebuiltawebsitecalledandencouragedpeopletousethewordpubliclyenough.”可知，希拉里建立網(wǎng)站是為了讓人們多使用這個(gè)詞匯，因?yàn)樯衔奶岬街挥凶銐蚨嗟氖褂昧坎拍苁惯@個(gè)詞被官方認(rèn)可，由此推斷出希拉里建立網(wǎng)站的最終目的是使這個(gè)詞匯獲得官方認(rèn)可。7．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．Warning：ThisFruitMayOrbisculateB．Love：ADaughterRecallsHerFatherC．Wonder：AWordWentIntoDictionaryD．Memory：ACreativeandInventiveFather解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneday...‘Oh,theorangejustorbisculated，’sherecalls.”并結(jié)合全文可知，全文圍繞著希拉里和父親經(jīng)常使用orbisculate這個(gè)他獨(dú)創(chuàng)的詞匯及她在父親去世后為了使orbisculate這個(gè)詞被納入《韋氏詞典》而做出的努力，由此推斷出全文是圍繞orbisculate這個(gè)詞展開(kāi)的，A項(xiàng)“警告：這種水果汁會(huì)噴入你的眼睛里”，可作為本文的標(biāo)題。[謹(jǐn)防最易錯(cuò)的那一個(gè)]錯(cuò)因：本題易誤選C。部分考生根據(jù)第三段中的“ThenHilarybegantothinkthat‘orbisculate’issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary！”以及下文希拉里作出的種種努力而誤選C項(xiàng)。分析：選項(xiàng)C屬于主題擴(kuò)大，即概括的范圍過(guò)大，超過(guò)文章實(shí)際討論的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章是圍繞主題詞“orbisculate”展開(kāi)的，A項(xiàng)與文章主題契合，適合作標(biāo)題。C(2023·濰坊二模)Aswinterarrives,theproblemoffogged-upcarwindscreensbecomesmorepressingfordrivers.Anti-mistingsprays(噴霧劑)areonewaytodealwithsuchfogging.Buttheyneedfrequentreapplication.Anotherapproachistofixwithinthethingtobedemistedasetofelectricallypoweredheatingwires.Butbecauseofthevisualdistraction(分心)created,thatdoesn'tworkforacar'sfrontwindscreen.IranHachlerandDimosPoulikakosoftheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyinZurichhave,however,comeupwithanotherwayofwarmingsomethinguptostopfogforming.Theirnewmaterialisacoatingtennanometres(納米)thick.Itisflexible,easilymadeusingexistingprocesses,andcanbeappliedasacoatingtoglassorplastic,orinsetinsidesuchmaterials.Itsdemistingpropertiesarepoweredbysunlight.Ineffect,itisagoldsandwich.The“bread”ofthissandwichisapairoflayers(層),topandbottom,ofachemicalmaterial,eachthreenanometresthick.Thefillingisafour-nanometredeepgoldenmaterial.Thewholestructureletsvisiblelightpassunlimited,whileabsorbinginvisiblelightsandtransformingthemintoheat.Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass.Goldactsasamediumintheheatingprocess.Thenetworkwillnowabsorbheatifleftinthesunshine.Thetopandbottomlayersboostthatabsorption.GlasscoatedwithMrHachler'sandDrPoulikakos'sinventionis,theyclaim,fourtimesmoreeffectiveatpreventingfogthananuncoatedsurface.Itabsorbsaround30%ofsolarradiationincidentuponit—which,onasunnyday,increasesthetemperatureofwhatitisappliedtobyaround8℃.Onacloudyday,thattemperatureriseiscloserto3－4℃.Butineithercasetheenhancementissufficientbothtoremoveanyfogthathasformedandtopreventnewfogforming.Thenextstep,MrHachlersays,istofindtheproduct'sbestmarket.Eventhoughgoldisused,thecostofaddingthisextraoneislow.Forthetwoinventors,though,theideamightproveagoldmine.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。隨著冬天的到來(lái)，汽車(chē)擋風(fēng)玻璃被霧遮住的問(wèn)題對(duì)司機(jī)來(lái)說(shuō)變得更加緊迫。針對(duì)此問(wèn)題文章介紹了一種新的解決方法。8．Whatisthedisadvantageofanti-mistingsprays?A．Theyhavenolastingeffect.B．Theydamagethewindscreens.C．Theyturnthedrivers'attentionaway.D．Theyareconstantlypoweredbyelectricity.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aswinterarrives...Anti-mistingsprays(噴霧劑)...needfrequentreapplication.”可知，防霧噴霧劑的缺點(diǎn)是它們沒(méi)有持久的效果。9．Whatisthefunctionofthecenterlayer?A．Tosaveupheat.B．Toprotectthegold.C．Toproduceelectricity.D．Toheatthewindscreens.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thewholestructureletsvisiblelightpassunlimited...Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass.Goldactsasamediumintheheatingprocess.”可知，中間層的作用是為了加熱擋風(fēng)玻璃。[謹(jǐn)防最易錯(cuò)的那一個(gè)]錯(cuò)因：本題易誤選A。部分考生根據(jù)第三段中的“...absorbinginvisiblelightsandtransformingthemintoheat”就誤認(rèn)為這是保存熱量。分析：選項(xiàng)A屬于“以偏概全”。命題者設(shè)計(jì)選項(xiàng)時(shí)故意增刪、改動(dòng)文中表示范圍限制或表示程度輕重的詞語(yǔ)干擾考生，主要以部分代整體(或相反)、以個(gè)別代一般(或相反)、以特殊代普遍(或相反)等，從而使考生做出錯(cuò)誤的判斷。要判斷“以偏概全”干擾項(xiàng)，在閱讀文章時(shí)，一要特別注意詞語(yǔ)前邊的修飾與限制詞，看選項(xiàng)與原文中的指代內(nèi)容是否存在范圍、程度上的差異；二要注意原文表述是涵蓋全部還是有所針對(duì)。本題結(jié)合下句“Itisthefillingthatwarmstheglass”就可判斷出中間層的作用是為了加熱擋風(fēng)玻璃。10．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheinventionfromParagraph4?A．Itisuselessoncloudydays.B．Itisunabletoworkatnight.C．Coatedglassabsorbsthevisiblelights.D．Uncoatedglasslowersthetemperatureby8℃.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“onasunnyday...Onacloudyday,thattemperatureriseiscloserto3－4℃.Butineithercasetheenhancementissufficientbothtoremoveanyfogthathasformedandtopreventnewfogforming.”可推斷出這項(xiàng)發(fā)明不能在晚上工作。11．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewinvention?A．Itisverycostly.B．Ithitsthemarketwell.C．Itishighlyprofitable.D．Itneedsfurtherimprovement.解析：選C觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenextstep,MrHachlersays,istofindtheproduct'sbestmarket...though,theideamightproveagoldmine.”可知，作者認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明是高利潤(rùn)的。D(2023·汕頭二模)“MonaLisa's”famoussmileisroutinelydescribedasambiguous.Butisitreallythathardtoread?Apparentlynot.Inanunusualtrial,closeto100percentofpeopledescribedherexpressionas“happy”．The“MonaLisa”isoftenheldupasasymbolofemotionalmystery.Kornmeier,theGermanscientist,andateamuseditinastudyoffactorsthatinfluencehowhumansjudgevisualcluessuchasfacialexpressions.UsingacopyofthemasterpiecebyLeonardodaVinci,theteammovedthemodel'smouthcornersslightlyupanddowntocreateeightalteredimages.Theycreatedfour“happier”andfour“sadder”“MonaLisas”．Ablockofnineimageswereshownto12trialparticipants30times.Ineveryshowingthepictureswererandomlyrearranged.Thenparticipantshadtodescribeeachofthenineimagesashappyorsad.“Giventhedescriptionsfromartandarthistory,wethoughtthattheoriginalwouldbethemostambiguous，”Kornmeiersaid.Instead,“WefoundthatdaVinci'soriginalwasperceivedashappyin97percentofcases.”Thesecondexperimentinvolvedtheoriginal“MonaLisa”witheight“sadder”versions.Theseweregivenevenmoresubtle(微妙的)differencesintheliptilt(傾斜)．Inthistest,theoriginalwasstilldescribedashappy.However,participants'readingoftheotherimageschanged.“Theywereperceivedalittlesadderthaninthefirstexperiment，”saidKornmeier.Thefindingsconfirmthat“wedon'thaveanabsolutefixedscaleofhappinessandsadnessinourbrain”—andthatalotdependsoncontext,theresearcherexplained.Understandingthisprocessmaybeusefulinthestudyofpsychiatric(精神病學(xué)的)disorders.Asforthemasterpieceitself,theteambelievetheirworkhasfinallysettledacenturies-oldquestion.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了德國(guó)科學(xué)家Kornmeier和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)用《蒙娜麗莎》來(lái)研究影響人類(lèi)如何判斷面部表情等視覺(jué)線索的因素。12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ambiguous”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Strange. B．Happy.C．Sad. D．Unclear.解析：選D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butisitreallythathardtoread？”可知，很多人覺(jué)得蒙娜麗莎的微笑是難解讀的，也就是搞不清楚蒙娜麗莎的微笑，因此畫(huà)線詞ambiguous的意思是“不明朗的”，和unclear意思相近。13．WhatisthepurposeofthestudyledbyKornmeier?A．Tocreatecopiesofalteredimages.B．Toansweracenturies-oldquestion.C．Toanalyzewhataffecthumans'visualjudgement.D．Todescribetheambiguoussmileofthemasterpiece.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Kornmeier,theGermanscientist,andateamuseditinastudyoffactorsthatinfluencehowhumansjudgevisualcluessuchasfacialexpressions.”可知，Kornmeier領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這項(xiàng)研究的目的是分析影響人類(lèi)視覺(jué)判斷的因素。14．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstexperiment?A．Theexperimentwasrandomlyarranged.B．Theresultprovedth