動(dòng)詞不定式知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講課件高三英語二輪專題

動(dòng)詞不定式知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講（否定形式：notto+動(dòng)詞原形）作主語不定式做主語，在很多情況下可以用動(dòng)詞ing形式代替，但表示某些具體情況，或表示較強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比，或某些固定的說法，用動(dòng)詞不定式。eg.Tofinishthisjobinonedayisimpossible.作主語動(dòng)詞不定式做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。eg.Tofinishthisjobinonedayisimpossible.作主語it's+adj+todosth.做某事是怎么樣的。it是形式主語，不定式做真正的主語。eg:It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.作賓語有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式作賓語，如：decide、afford、agree、attempt、choose、determine、demand、expect、fail、hope、manage、offer、plan、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse等

（～todosth）eg:Ifailto

passtheexam.eg:Iagreetofinishthetask.作賓語用于“動(dòng)詞+it+adj/n.+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，能用于該結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等，it是形式賓語，不定式是真正的賓語。eg：Imakeitaruletogotobedearlyandgetupearly.Ifeelitdifficulttofinishthetaskoninaweek.作表語動(dòng)詞不定式在be動(dòng)詞后面做表語時(shí)，表示將來的動(dòng)作或起解釋說明的作用，其主語常常是dream、wish、idea、plan、task、purpose、duty、job等例：Thepurposeofthetripwastorecordallthewildlife.Mydreamistobeadmittedtoakeyuniversityinthreeyears.作定語something、nothing、anything等不定代詞等后常用動(dòng)詞不定式做定語。例:Doyouhaveanythingtosay?作定語動(dòng)詞不定式作定語可表示將來的、還沒有發(fā)生的動(dòng)作例:Hesaidhehadanimportantmeetingtoattend.therebe句型中，作主語的名詞后可接動(dòng)詞不定式，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例:Thereisnothingtoworryabout.作狀語作目的狀語：不定式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后，前面可加soas和inorder，即soasto和inorderto.例：Toearnenoughmoney,heworkedlateintothenight.作狀語作原因狀語：不定式跟在作表語的形容詞之后，說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒或作出某種評(píng)價(jià)的原因，此類詞有happy、lucky、surprised、sorry、glad、delighted、eager、anxious、ready、foolish、interested、careless等。例:Iamquitehappytomeetyouhere.作狀語作結(jié)果狀語：往往表示意想不到的或是不愉快的結(jié)果，起前有時(shí)可以加上only以加強(qiáng)語氣。例:Hegottothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadgone.作狀語作評(píng)論性狀語：用來表明說話人的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，作為獨(dú)立成分修飾整個(gè)句子。例:Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.作賓語補(bǔ)足語跟省略to的不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞：一感（feel）、二聽（hear、listento）、三讓（let、have、make）、四看（lookat、see、watch、notice）。但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中to要還原。eg:Mymotherletsmedomyhomeworkcarefully.作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞+sb+todosth結(jié)構(gòu)：ask、tell、invite、get、advise、allow、want、permit、warn、order、encourage、prefer、expect、wish、begeg:IamallowedtowatchTV.help后面接帶to也可以不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。eg:Ialwayshelpmymotherdohousework.1.Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology___________(change)lives.2.Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection___________(promote)economicgrowth.3.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether________(share)ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.tochangetopromotetosharetoeattohave6.Itistraditional___________(bring)agifttoahousewarmingparty.7.Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake__________(get)there.8.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain_______(catch).tobringtogettocatch9.________(stay)warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.10.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbetter_________(remain)silent.Tostaytoremain11.Birds'singingissometimesawarningforotherbirds________(stay)away.12.Thismachineisveryeasy___________(operate).An