Unit4WordsandExpressions單詞講解課件高中英語人教版

Unit4

WordsandExpressions

Whataretherescueworkersandsoldiers

doingintheflood

hitarea?Tomrescuedaboyfromtheriveronhiswayhome.WhenWuhanwasintrouble,thewhole

countrycametotheirrescue.1.rescuen.&vt.營(yíng)救;救援[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)go/cometosb.'srescue=rescuesb. 救援某人 (2)rescue...from... 把……從……營(yíng)救出來 [應(yīng)用融會(huì)](完成句子)1.Whenweweretrappedintheruins,the

soldiers______________________________________.當(dāng)我們被困在廢墟中時(shí),士兵們前來救援我們。2.Shemanagedto___________________________thefire.她設(shè)法從大火中救出自己的孩子。cametoourrescuerescueherchildernfrom[思考感知](寫出下列句中damage的詞性和中文含義)①Thecrowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.②Ifwegetwarningsinadvance,we'llbeabletoreducethedamage.③Davidthreatenedtoreporthisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.2.damagevt.損害;破壞n.損壞;損失;損害;傷害;損害賠償金損害；破壞損壞；損失損害賠償金[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)cause/dodamageto 對(duì)……造成損害/損失 (2)damageone'shealth 損害某人的健康 (3)sufferdamage 受到損害 [應(yīng)用融會(huì)](單句語法填空/完成句子)④Theyoungwomanimmediatelyadmittedherfaultandpaidforthe____________________________(damage)

tomycar.⑤Yourfatherisangrybecauseyouhave_________________________theflowerbeds.你把花壇弄壞了,你父親對(duì)此非常生氣。⑥D(zhuǎn)rinkingandsmokingcan______________________________.飲酒和吸煙會(huì)損害你的健康。damagescaused/alonedamagetodamageyourhealthThiscanaffectyourwork.=Thiscanhaveaneffectonyourwork.Architectsconsiderthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughtsandbehavior.建筑師認(rèn)為我們住的地方可以影響我們的思想和口行為.3.affectvt.影響;(疾病)侵襲;深深打動(dòng)[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)beaffectedbyheat/cold

中暑/著涼 (2)beaffectedwithhighfever

發(fā)高燒 (3)begreatly/deeplyaffectedby

被……深深打動(dòng);深受影響(4)effectn. 作用;影響 (5)haveaneffect/influence/impacton

對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響(6)comeintoeffect生效、開始實(shí)施 [應(yīng)用融會(huì)](單句語法填空/完成句子)(affect)withhighfever,hecontinuedwithhiswork.2.Theeatinghabitshave________________effectonourhealth.3.(2022年浙江高考)Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylife______________________________________.我感到非常無助和沒有安全感,因?yàn)槲业纳钯|(zhì)量受到了影響。⑤Allofus________________________________the storyofthelittlehero.那個(gè)小英雄的故事深深地打動(dòng)了我們所有人。Affectedanwasaffectedweredeeplyaffectedly4.powern.電力供應(yīng);能量;力量;控制力①Asisknowntoall,knowledgeispower.②IamproudofChina'shavingthepowertoovercomethenaturaldisaster.我為中國(guó)有能力戰(zhàn)勝這次自然災(zāi)害而感到自豪。[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)havethepowertodosth. 具有做某事的能力 (2)cometopower 上臺(tái);執(zhí)政(動(dòng)作) (3)beinpower 執(zhí)政;掌權(quán)(狀態(tài)) (4)beyond/outofone'spower 力所不及的 (5)powerfuladj. 強(qiáng)有力的 [應(yīng)用融會(huì)](單句語法填空/完成句子)1.Iamsurethathehasthepower_________________(finish)thetaskontime.2.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemade

humankindthemost__________________(power)animalonearth.3.Idothinkthatitis_______________________tofulfillthetask.我的確認(rèn)為完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)是他力所不及的。tofinishpowerfulbeyond/outofhispowerThewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeusawakeallnight.Theydon’twanttoseeourcountryfallintofinancialruin，orhavechildrengohungry，orseeschoolsfail.他們不愿看到我們的國(guó)家陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰、或是讓孩子們挨餓、或者學(xué)校停辦。Thebadweatherruinedourtrip.Thecountrywasruinedbythewar.5.ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞點(diǎn)撥歸納：(1)inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪

(2)be/lieinruins成為廢墟；毀滅 (3)gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落，敗落 (4)reducesth.toruins把某物夷為廢墟(5)ruinone’shope使某人的希望破滅(6)ruinone’shealth損害某人的健康【詞語辨析】ruin，damage與destroy（1）ruin嚴(yán)重地“毀壞”，側(cè)重指破壞事物的內(nèi)在價(jià)值。

Theillnesshasruinedmylife.（2）damage部分性“破壞”“損壞”，一般還可以修復(fù)。Youhavedamagedmybike；you’dbettergetitrepaired.（3）destroy徹底地“破壞”“毀壞”，一般不能或很難再修復(fù)。Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.辨析填空：damage，ruin，destroy1.

Mycarwas__________

inanaccident，soIhavetobuyanewone.2.Mynewshoesgot________

inthemud.3.Theaccidentcausedsome________

tomycar，butit’snothingserious.damageruineddestroyed單句語法填空4.

Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedto____________（ruin），thecitytookonanewlook.5.Thewholetown___________（ruin）bytheheavystormlastnight.Thearmysent10，000soldierstohelprescuethetrappedpeople.完成句子6.

Carlcaresaboutnothingandhasletthefarm___________________________（敗落）.7.

Eversincetheearthquake，thisplacehasbeen________________（一片廢墟）.ruinswasruinedgotoruin/fallintoruininruins

Heburiedhisfaceinhishandsandwept.You’llhavetoburyyourselfinyourstudiesifyouwanttopasstheentranceexaminations.Hehaslearnttoburyhisfeelings.6.buryvt.埋葬；安葬點(diǎn)撥歸納：(1)buryone’sface/headinsth.把臉/頭埋在某物里面(2)buryoneselfin埋頭于，專心于(3)beburiedin埋頭于；專心于(4)buryone’sfeelings感情不外露【歸納拓展】“專心于，致力于”的多種表達(dá)：belostin /beabsorbedin /devoteoneselfto=bedevotedto/concentrateon / focuson

Theoldmanwaslostinthoughtanddidnothearuscomein.Timepassesquicklywhenyouareabsorbedinreadingagoodbook.Ifyouconcentrateontheproject，youcanfinishitontime.單句語法填空（1）Themandugoutsomegoldfromthecanal，buthewonderedwhere________（bury）it.（2）Eversincehemovedthere，he________________（bury）inhisresearchwork.完成句子（3）He___________________________________（雙手掩面）andburstintotears.（4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］________

inrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_________

wereburiedundertheruins.=________

themselvesinrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_____________

undertheruins.toburyhasbeenburiedburiedhisfaceinhishandsBuriedwho/thatBurying（were)buriedTheyaremakingeffortstoreducepoverty.Iwillmakeeveryefforttoachievemygoal.Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.7.effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力

點(diǎn)撥歸納：

(1)makeanefforttodosth.盡力做某事 (2)Ittakesefforttodosth.花費(fèi)精力去做某事。 (3)sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力地做某事 (4)puteffortinto（doing）sth.努力做某事 (5)inanefforttodosth.為了做某事 (6)with/withouteffort費(fèi)力地/毫不費(fèi)力地單句語法填空（1）Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutitasthegovernmentisnowmakingeveryeffort__________（provide）morejobs.（2）Thecompanyhaslaidoff（解雇）150workersin________

efforttosavemoney.完成句子（3）Jack______________________________（已努力改進(jìn)）hisequipment.（4）準(zhǔn)備一次展覽要花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間和精力。________________________________________________________toprovideanhasmadeanefforttoimprove

Ittakesalotoftimeandefforttogetanexhibitionready.Itisclearthatourplanetissufferingseveredamage.Ihavesufferedfromabadbackacherecently.

Sheissufferingalotofpain.Thecarsufferedheavydamageintheaccident.8.suffervt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦[點(diǎn)撥歸納](1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage

遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞(2)sufferfrom 受……折磨;患……病 (3)sufferingn. 痛苦;苦惱;讓人痛苦的事 (4)sufferern. 受難者;患病者 單句語法填空(1)

Millionsofpeoplesufferdiscomfort________oneormorecoldseachyear.(2)After________（suffer）seriousdamagecausedbytheterribleearthquake，Japanrealizedtheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.(3)

Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughmany__________（suffer）duringthewar.完成句子（4）瑪麗眼下身體不好。Maryis___________________________atthemoment.（5）許多國(guó)家在金融危機(jī)中損失慘重。Manycountries________________________inthefinancialcrisis.fromsufferingsufferingssufferingfromillhealthsufferedhugelosses[應(yīng)用融會(huì)](寫出下列句中g(shù)othrough的中文含義)①(2022年浙江高考)“Iwassimplygoingthroughaterribleexperience,”Ms.BurdeyneysaidatherhomeinToronto.②Let'sgothroughthenumberstogether.③WewentthroughParistogettoLondon.④Thenewlawdidn'tgothrough.⑤Youshouldcarefullygothroughallthewordsinthepaper.⑥Ihavetogothroughwithmyhomeworkfirst.8.gothrough[一詞多義]經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受/獲得通過/完成/穿過/經(jīng)過/審查/仔細(xì)檢查經(jīng)歷審查穿過；經(jīng)過獲得通過仔細(xì)檢查完成[點(diǎn)撥歸納] (1)strikesb.with... 用……打某人 (2)bestruckby... 被……所打動(dòng) (3)Itstrikessb.that... 某人突然想到…… (4)beonstrike(for) 在(為……而)罷工 (5)goonstrick舉行罷工9.strikevi.&vt.侵襲;突擊;擊打n.罷工;罷課;襲擊You’llbestruckbyherbeautythemomentyouseeher.Itstrikesmethatthemanwasnottellingthetruth.Halftheworkforcearenow（out）onstrike.[應(yīng)用融會(huì)](1)寫出下列句中strike的中文含義①Strikewhiletheironishot.②Theclockhasjuststruck10.③Thegirlstruckamatchandlitacandle.(2)完成句子④I________________________________byhis

enthusiasm.我被他的熱情所打動(dòng)。⑤________________________thephonenumberI

hadtoldthemwaswrong.我突然想到我告訴他們的電話號(hào)碼是錯(cuò)的。⑥Theworkersare___________________forhighpay.為了爭(zhēng)取更高的工資,工人們正在罷工。擊打敲劃(火柴)wasstruck/strickenItstruckmethatonstrike點(diǎn)撥歸納：(1)deliversth.tosb.把某物運(yùn)送給某人 (2)deliveraspeech/lecture發(fā)表演講 (3)bedeliveredofababy生產(chǎn)，分娩

(4)deliverababy接生(5)deliveryn.遞送；分娩；演講方式10.delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表；接生，助產(chǎn)；分娩，生產(chǎn)Yourbloodcells(細(xì)胞)delivernutrients(營(yíng)養(yǎng))toalltheothercells.TheyinsistedthatIdeliveraspeechatthemeeting.Allshehopedforwastobedeliveredofahealthybaby.寫出句中deliver的含義（1）Ourheadmasterdeliveredalonginspiringspeechyesterday. ________（2）Theyrushedhertohospitalwheredoctorsdeliveredherbaby. ________單句語法填空（3）Youpromisedtodeliverthegoods________us，butwehaven’tseenanyofthemyet.（4）Youcaneitherpickupthegoodsorhavethem_________（deliver）.（5）—Whatwouldbethebesttimeofdayforus__________（deliver）thetable?—Oh，anytimewillbeOK.發(fā)表接生todeliveredtodeliver點(diǎn)撥歸納：(1)inshock震驚，吃驚(2)Itshockssb.tosee/hear...看到/聽到……使某人震驚(3)shockedadj.驚愕的，震驚的(4)beshockedat/by對(duì)……感到震驚(5)beshockedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到震驚(6)shockedlook/expression/voice震驚的表情/聲音(7)shockingadj.令人震驚的，令人憎惡的11.shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

vt.（使）震驚He’sstillinastateofshock.他至今還驚魂未定。Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.Itshockedthemtohearthathehadgoneabroad.單句語法填空（1）Ilookedatmyhusband________

shock，waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.（2）Itshockedme________（think）howclosewehadcometobeingkilled.（3）Peoplewere________（shock）toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The________（shock）news________（shock）allthepeoplearound，whichwasalso________

shocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.完成句子（4）__________________________（聽到……讓我震驚）thatthehospitalwasclosingdown.（5）Theparents_______________________（對(duì)……感到震驚）thenewsthattheirsonneededanoperationonhisknee.

intothinkshockedshockingshockedaItshockedmetohearwereshockedby/at

歸納拓展：(1)be/gettrappedin困在……中；陷入……中(2)trapsb.intodoingsth.誘使某人做某事(3)lay/setatrap（forsb.）（給某人）設(shè)下圈套(4)fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套12.trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套（trap—trapped—trapped）n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱Theyweretrappedinthelift.

Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintotellingthetruth.Thepeoplecaughtintheunemploymenttrap.Ifyouchoosethisway，you’relikelytofallintoatrap.單句語法填空（1）Fireofficersusedcuttingequipmenttofreehislegs，which______________（trap）underasteelbeam.（2）________（trap）intohisliesoverandoveragain，shefeltverydisappointed.完成句子（3）They________________（被困在）themountain，waitingtoberescued.（4）午夜，他們終于救出了困在山谷中的游客。___________________________________________________________________weretrappedTrappedweretrappedinAtmidnighttheyfinallyrescuedthetouristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.13.breathevi.&vt.呼吸歸納拓展：(1)breathein/out吸氣/呼氣(2)breathn.呼吸的空氣；一次吸入的空氣(3)outofbreath氣喘吁吁，上氣不接下氣(狀態(tài)) (4)holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸(5)takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣

(6)loseone’sbreath喘不過氣來(動(dòng)作)Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.

Hisillnessisaresultofbreathinginpaintfumes(油漆)overmanyyears.Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.單句語法填空（1）Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood___________（breathe）.完成句子（2）Daniel___________________________（深吸一口氣）anddivedintothewater.（3）Thedoctortoldmeto__________________（深深吸氣）andthen__________________（慢慢呼氣）.（4）Fredenteredwithoutknockingand，______________（上氣不接下氣），sankintoachair.tobreathetookadeepbreathbreatheindeeply

outofbreathbreatheoutslowly歸納拓展：(1)(2)suppliern.供應(yīng)商;供應(yīng)者Thetowniswithoutelectricityandthewatersupplyhasbeencutoffaftertheearthquake.Heofferedtosupplysometextbookstous.14.supply(supplied,supplied,supplying)n.供應(yīng)，供給，補(bǔ)給(pl)日用(必需)品;1.Nowourschool_________(supply)usstudents_______textbooksforfree.2.Therescueworkerswereloadedwithblanketsand___________(supply)andclimbedthemountain.3.Becauseoftheflood,the__________(供應(yīng))ofelectricpowertoneighboringdistrictswascutoff.suppliessuppliessupplywithIwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Hewasdreamingawonderfuldreamwhenthefirealarmbeganringing.15.bedoing...when...正在做……這時(shí)……【歸納拓展】when用作并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)”，可用于以下句型：(1)主語+was/weredoingwhen主語+did(過去式)

某人正在做......這時(shí)......(2)主語+was/wereabouttodo...when主語+did...

剛要做……這時(shí)……=主語+was/wereonthepointofdoing...when主語+did...=主語+was/weregoingto...when主語+did(3)主語+had(just)done...when...剛做完……這時(shí)……Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenhecalledmetogobacktothecompany.Iwasonthepointofopeningthedoorwhenthecellphonerang.Ihadjustfinishedmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamein.單句語法填空（1）Thetrain________（leave）whenIhurriedtothestation.（2）Jack___________（work）inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.（3）Tomwasabout________（close）thewindowwhenhisattentionwasattractedbyabird.完成句子（4）

湯姆正打算放棄，這時(shí)他突然想到了問題的答案。Tom______________________________________

hesuddenlyfoundananswertothequestion.（5）我剛到辦公室，我妻子就打電話讓我立刻回家。Hardly_____________________________________mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.hadleftwasworkingtoclosewasabouttogiveupwhenhadIgottotheofficewhen16.make＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋不定式/動(dòng)名詞/從句...damagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.Thismakesitpossibleforagricultureandindustrytodevelopquickly.Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.

Hemadeitclear

whatheintendedtodo.【點(diǎn)撥歸納】

make＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋todo/that+從句常用的動(dòng)詞：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel，hear，observe，notice等。單句語法填空（1）Imustmake________

clearthatIwillsupportyouforever.（2）Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmake________hardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.（3）Ifinditdifficult________（do）thejobwell.翻譯句子（4）他認(rèn)為養(yǎng)家是他的責(zé)任。___________________________________________________________（5）我們認(rèn)為抱怨是沒有用的。___________________________________________________________（6）我們都認(rèn)為跟他們爭(zhēng)論此事是值得的。___________________________________________________________itittodoHeconsidersithisdutytosupporthisfamily.

Wethinkitnousecomplaining.Weallfounditworthwhiletoarguewiththemaboutthismatter.17.asif（＝asthough）意為“仿佛，好像”1）從句是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的，用陳述語氣Itsoundsasifitisraining.（陳述語氣）2）從句是不真實(shí)的或極不可能發(fā)生的，用虛擬語氣Itseemsasifitwereraining.（虛擬語氣）對(duì)事實(shí)的假設(shè)謂語動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

did(be動(dòng)詞用were)與過去事實(shí)相反