句子簡化題 無老師講座

句子簡化題精析黃華鑫@我是黃小幺cherryhuanghx溫馨提示1.紙筆2.解題套路3.積累學(xué)習(xí)提問方式Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.提問方式Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.邏輯意思考察角度意思一致邏輯一致意思一致詞性變化同近義詞句型語序原句：

Theemptyshellofasnailorclammaybeleftbehind,andifitissufficientlydurableandresistanttodissolution,itmayremainbasicallyunchangedforalongperiodoftime.選項(xiàng)：

Emptysnailorclamshellsthatarestrongenoughnottodissolvemaystayintheiroriginalstateforalongtime.原句：

With"climax,""biome,""superorganism,"andvariousothertechnicaltermsfortheassociationofanimalsandplantsatagivenlocalitybeingcriticized,theterm"ecosystem"wasmoreandmorewidelyadoptedforthewholesystemofassociatedorganismstogetherwiththephysicalfactorsoftheirenvironment.選項(xiàng)：

Theterm“ecosystem”graduallyreplaceddiscreditedtermsforthecombinationofaphysicalenvironmentandtheplantsandanimalslivingtogetherinit.意思不一致原句：

Geothermalenergyisinasensenotrenewable,becauseinmostcasestheheatwouldbedrawnoutofareservoirmuchmorerapidlythanitwouldbereplacedbytheveryslowgeologicalprocessesbywhichheatflowsthroughsolidrockintoaheatreservoir.選項(xiàng)： Inmostcases,heattravelsintoaheatreservoirsoslowlythatitisamuchquickerprocesstoremovetheheatfromareservoirthantoreplaceit邏輯錯(cuò)誤A.強(qiáng)加因果B.因果顛倒C.強(qiáng)加比較

原句：

Becausethemediumwassoprolific,inthesensethatitwaspossibletoproduceamultitudeofimagesverycheaply,Photographywassoontreatedasthepoorrelationoffineart,ratherthanitsdestinedsuccessor.選項(xiàng)：

Photographywassocheapandreadilyavailablethatitcouldbepurchasedbypeoplewhoweretoopoortopurchasefineart.原句：Thetemperatureincreaseddramaticallyinashortperiodoftime(yearsratherthancenturies),allowingforagrowthofthehunting-gatheringpopulationduetotheabundanceofresources.選項(xiàng)：

Dramatictemperatureincreasesandthesimultaneousgrowthofthehuntingandgatheringpopulationledtotheneedformoreresources.

原句：Manycomplexfactorsledtotheadoptionoftheneweconomies,notonlyatAbuHureyra,butatmanyotherlocationssuchasAinGhazal,alsoinSyria,wheregoattoebonesshowingthetelltalemarksofabrasioncausedbyfoottethering(binding)testifytoearlyherdingofdomesticstock.選項(xiàng)：InAinGhazalandSyria,domesticstockwasmoreimportantthanitwasatAbuHureyra.原句：

Numerousinsectsoccupythemarsh,feedingonlivingordeadcordgrasstissue,andredwingblackbirds,sparrows,rodents,rabbits,anddeerfeeddirectlyonthecordgrass.選項(xiàng)：

Insectsfeedonlyondeadcordgrass,whilemostothermarshinhabitantsfeedonlivecordgrass.TIP：常見邏輯詞積累因果：TIP：常見邏輯詞積累因果：...inthat...;too...to;so...that...;beresponsiblefor/to;create;explain;cause;leadto;make;render;stimulate,etc.

TIP：常見邏輯詞積累因果：...inthat...;too...to;so...that...;beresponsiblefor/to;create;explain;cause;leadto;make;render;stimulate,etc.注意：as&whenTIP：常見邏輯詞積累比較：TIP：常見邏輯詞積累比較：

a.同級(jí)比較：same;as...as;likewise;similarb.比較級(jí)：

-er;more...than;lessthan;

c.最高級(jí)：

maximum;minimum;peak;favorite;outstanding;top,etc.

比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)

注意極端詞!：

Escapeinvolvessuchactionsasaestivation,aconditionofprolongeddormancy,ortorpor,duringwhichanimalsreducetheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperatureduringthehotseasonorduringverydryspells.○ Onewayanimalsescapeisbyenteringastateofextendeddormancy,knownasaestivation,duringthehottestanddriesttimesofyear.○ Animalscanescapewithoutusingdirectaction,oraestivation,simplybyreducingtheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperature.○ Theactionsthatananimalusestoescapeareknownasaestivation,whichsometimesinvolvesareductioninmetabolicrateorbodytemperature.○ Whentheweatherisespeciallyhotanddry,ananimalmaysufferfromaconditionknownasaestivation,atwhichpointtheanimalneedstoescape.PS:

不能隨意擴(kuò)大

或縮小概念

真題精講1.Butdetractorsmaintainthattheterracescouldalsohavebeencreatedbygeologicalactivity,perhapsrelatedtothegeologicforcesthatdepressedtheNorthernHemispherefarbelowthelevelofthesouth,inwhichcasetheyhavenothingwhatevertodowithMartianwater.○ Butdetractorsarguethatgeologicalactivitymayberesponsibleforthewaterassociatedwiththeterraces.○ Butdetractorsarguethattheterracesmayhavebeenformedbygeologicalactivityratherthanbythepresenceofwater.○ ButdetractorsarguethattheterracesmayberelatedtogeologicalforcesintheNorthernHemisphereofMars,ratherthantoMartianwaterinthesouth.○ ButdetractorsarguethatgeologicalforcesdepressedtheNorthernHemispheresofarbelowthelevelofthesouththattheterracescouldnothavebeenformedbywater.

2.Inequalitiesofgenderhavealsoexistedinpastoralistsocieties,buttheyseemtohavebeensoftenedbytheabsenceofsteephierarchiesofwealthinmostcommunities,andalsobytherequirementthatwomenacquiremostoftheskillsofmen,including,often,theirmilitaryskills.○ Despitethefactthatwealthisrelativelyevenlydistributedinpastoralsocieties,genderinequalitystillexistsbecauseonlymencanacquiremilitaryskillsandsocialstatus.○ Inequalitiesofgenderexistedinpastoralistsocietiesuntilmostcommunitiesbegantorequirewomentopossessthesameskillasmenandtakepartinthemilitary.○ Inequalitiesofgenderinpastoralistsocietieswerecausedbysteephierarchiesofwealthanddifferencesinmilitarytrainingbetweenmenandwomen.○ Inpastoralsocieties,genderinequalityiscomparativelymildbecausewealthisrelativelyevenlydistributedandwomenhavetolearnmostofthesameskillsthatmendo.否定詞否定詞absence;lackoffailtorefusereject...3.Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningtakesplacewhenpeopleareboredorsleepyandservesthefunctionofincreasingalertnessbyreversing,throughdeeperbreathing,thedropinbloodoxygenlevelsthatarecausedbytheshallowbreathingthataccompanieslackofsleeporboredom.○ Itistheconventionaltheorythatwhenpeopleareboredorsleepy,theyoftenexperienceadropinbloodoxygenlevelsduetotheirshallowbreathing○ Theconventionaltheoryisthatpeopleyawnwhenboredorsleepybecauseyawningraisesbloodoxygenlevels,whichinturnraisesalertness○ Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningismorelikelytooccurwhenpeopleareboredorsleepythanwhentheyarealertandbreathingdeeply○ Yawning,accordingtotheconventionaltheory,iscausedbyboredomorlackofsleepandcanbeavoidedthroughdeeperbreathing

Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningtakesplacewhenpeopleareboredorsleepyandservesthefunctionofincreasingalertnessbyreversing,throughdeeperbreathing,thedropinbloodoxygenlevelsthatarecausedbytheshallowbreathingthataccompanieslackofsleeporboredom.鞏固練習(xí)1.Butasmoreandmoreaccumulationsofstratawerecatalogedinmoreandmoreplaces,itbecameclearthatthesequencesofrockssometimesdifferedfromregiontoregionandthatnorocktypewasevergoingtobecomeareliabletimemarkerthroughouttheworld．….○ Thediscoveryofregionaldifferencesinthesequencesofrocksledgeologiststobelievethatrocktypescouldsomedaybecomereliabletimemarkers．○ Carefulanalysisofstratarevealedthatrockscannotestablishgeologicaltimebecausethepatternofrocklayersvariesfromplacetoplace．○ Smith'scatalogsofrockstrataindicatedthatthesequencesofrocksaredifferentfromplacetoplaceandfromregiontoregion．○ Becausepeopledidnotcatalogregionaldifferencesinsequencesofrocks，itwasbelievedthatrockscouldneverbereliabletimemarkers2.Certainly,rationalappealsinadvertisingaimedatchildrenarelimited,asmostadvertisementsuseemotionalandindirectappealstopsychologicalstatesorassociations.○ Rationalappealsinadvertisingarecertainlylimitedbychildren'semotionalimmaturityandtheindirectnatureoftheirassociations.○ Indirectappealstochildren'spsychologicalstatesorassociationscanlimittheeffectivenessofrationalappealsinadvertising.○ Rationalappealsplayamuchsmallerroleinadvertisementsforchildrenthanemotionalappealsandpsychologicalassociationsdo.○ Rationalappealsinadvertisingaimedatchildrenshouldcertainlybelimiteduntilthechildrenareemotionallyandpsychologicallyready.3.Overlongperiodsoftime,substanceswhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieschangewiththeambientclimateatthetimecanbedepositedinasystematicwaytoprovideacontinuousrecordofchangesinthosepropertiesovertime,sometimesforhundredsorthousandsofyears.○ Becausephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofsubstancesareunchanging,theyareusefulrecordsofclimatefluctuationsovertime.○ Forhundredsorthousandsofyears,peoplehavebeenobservingchangesinthechemicalandphysicalpropertiesofsubstancesinordertoinferclimatechange.○ Becauseittakeslongperiodsoftimefortheclimatetochange,systematicchangesinthepropertiesofsubstancesaredifficulttoobserve.○ Changesinsystematicallydepositedsubstancesthatareaffectedbyclimatecanindicateclimatevariationsovertime.4.Thefrequencywithwhichcertainsimplemotifsappearintheseoldestsiteshasledrock-artresearcherstoadoptadescriptiveterm—thePanaramiteestyle—alabelwhichtakesitsnamefromtheextensiverockpavementsatPanaramiteeNorthindesertSouthAustralia,whicharecoveredwithmotifspeckedintothesurface.○TheoldestrockartsiteshavesimplermotifsthanthebestknownsitesofPanaramiteeNorth.○B(yǎng)ecausemotifsprimarilyassociatedwiththePanaramiteeregionarecommonintheoldestsitesthetermPanaramiteestylehasbecomethegeneraltermforrockartofthistype.○B(yǎng)ecausethePanaramiteestyleissocommonintheoldersites,researchershavedescribeditmostextensively.○ThemotifscarvedintherockysurfaceofthePanaramiteeregionmakeuptheoldestformofrockartdiscoveredinAustralia.5.

Thoughitmaybedifficulttoimaginefromalaterperspective,astrainofcriticalopinioninthe1920spredictedthatsoundfilmwouldbeatechnicalnoveltythatwouldsoonfadefromsight,justashadmanypreviousattempts,datingwellbackbeforetheFirstWorldWar,tolinkimageswithrecordedsound.○ Itwasdifficultforsomecriticsinthe1920stoimaginewhytheideaofsoundfilmhadfadedfromsightwellbeforetheFirstWorldWar.○ Assurprisingasitseemstoday,somecriticsinthe1920sbelievedthatthenewattemptsatsoundfilmswouldfadejustasquicklyastheattemptsmadebeforetheFirstWorldWar.○ Thoughsomeearlycriticsthoughtthatsoundfilmwouldfade,itspopularityduringtheFirstWorldWarprovedthatitwasnotsimplyatechnicalnovelty.○ AlthoughsomecriticspredictedwellbeforetheFirstWorldWarthatsoundfilmwouldbeanimportanttechnicalinnovation,itwasnotattempteduntilthe1920s.真相突破長難句斷句原則句子（從句）中必須包含至少一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞（V.單三詞組時(shí)態(tài)情態(tài)語態(tài)變化）;從句中包含連接詞（That/W詞/H詞）或者介詞+連接詞主謂一致；V1，V2，V3andV4并列連詞前后連接的成分一致1.Theincentiveofthefarmerswhowishtoconservewaterisreducedbytheirknowledgethatmanyoftheirneighborsareprofitingbyusinggreatamountsofwater,andintheprocessaredrawingdowntheentireregion’swatersupplies.1.Theincentiveofthefarmerswhowishtoconservewaterisreducedbytheirknowledgethatmanyoftheirneighborsareprofitingbyusinggreatamountsofwater,andintheprocessaredrawingdowntheentireregion’swatersupplies.2. Thefactthatsomesocietiesdomesticatedanimalsandplants,discoveredtheuseofmetaltools,becameliterate,anddevelopedastateshouldnotmakeusforgetthatothersocietiesdevelopedpastoralismorhorticulture(vegetablegardening)butremainedilliterateandatlowlevelsofproductivity;afewsocietiesenteredthemodernperiodashuntingandgatheringsocieties.2. Thefactthatsomesocietiesdomesticatedanimalsandplants,discoveredtheuseofmetaltools,becameliterate,anddevelopedastateshouldnotmakeusforgetthatothersocietiesdevelopedpastoralismorhorticulture(vegetablegardening)butremainedilliterateandatlowlevelsofproductivity;afewsocietiesenteredthemodernperiodashuntingandgatheringsocieties.3.Accordingtoconventionaltheory,yawningtakesplacewhenpeopleareboredorsleepyandservesthefunctionofincreasingalertnessbyreversing,throughdeeperbreathing,thedropinbloodoxyge