插入語,否定,時態(tài)語態(tài)練習

幻燈片1

插入語、否定、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較等級幻燈片2插入語1.由副詞和固定的介詞短語構成的插入語在句中的位置類似于副詞作狀語時在句中的位置，可置于句首、句尾，也可插在句中，其前后一般都有逗號以與句子的其他部分隔開。Digitalinformation,however,consisitsofdiscretenumerricalvalues.幻燈片32.具有主謂或系表結構的插入語即“插入句”，主謂結構中的動詞必定是及物的。1）位于主句中的情況ABooleanvariable,sayA,cantakeononlytwovalues.2）位于從句中的情況Inthiscase,IcvarieslittlewithVce,whichwethinkisveryimportant.幻燈片4否定1.全部否定表示法:使用弄，none，neither等詞表示“都不”的含義。Noneoftheseproblemscanbesolvedatonce.2.部分否定表示法:用every，both，all等與not連用表示“并非都”。Studentsarenotfamiliarwithalltheseconcepts.幻燈片5時態(tài)1.在下列句子中一般使用一般過去時或現在完成時。Intheprevioussection,weintroducedtheconceptofforce.2.在論文摘要中應使用一般現在時。Anewcodingsystemisproposedinthispaper.3.在有“by+時間”的句子中一般應該使用完成時態(tài)。By1980，thecorporationhadproduced1000radars.幻燈片64.用現在完成進行時來強調“一直在進行”的含義。Untilnow,wehavebeendiscussingonlytranslationalmotion.5.句中含有過去具體時間時只能用一般過去式，而不能用完成時。Chinalauchedanothercommunicationssatellitethreeyearsago.6.句中含有asearlyas短語時，用一般過去時。Asearlyastheearly1820s,itwasrealizedthatthisphenomenonisofgreatuse.幻燈片77.在科技文章中，多用一般現在時代替一般將來時，表示必定會發(fā)生的科技事實。Allmetalsmeltwhenheated.8.在科技文章中，多用現在進行時來表示即將發(fā)生的動作。Wefindthatwearedealingwithtoolargeaclassofcircuits,soweshallpickupsomeofthemfordiscussionhere.幻燈片8語態(tài)1.中文句子中沒有提及動詞發(fā)出者時，對應的英文需要使用被動句。Thedefinitionsofspeedandaccelerationweregivenintheprevioussection.2.中文句子主語為“人們/我們”時，英文常使用被動語態(tài)句，偶爾使用one作主語的主動句。在科技英語寫作中，很少使用people來表示“人們"之意。Themagnitudeofthisforceisfoundtobedirectlyproportionaltothevelocity.幻燈片93.科技英語寫作中兩種動詞形式的被動語態(tài)句。1)"不及物動詞+介詞=及物動詞”的被動形式。Thispointwillbedealtwithindetaillater.2）"及物動詞+名詞+介詞=及物動詞”的被動形式。Nomentionhasbeenmadeofthispointinthebook.幻燈片10形容詞和副詞的比較等級1.“......得多”的表達形式。much/far/well/considerably/greatly/significantly/agreatdeal+形容詞、副詞的比較級Thesunlooksmuchbrighterthanotherstars.2."......達......”的表達方式。Thissheetofsteelisasthinasafewtenthsofacentimeter.幻燈片113.“越來越......”的表達方式。1）單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞采用“-erand-er”形式或“ever-er”形式。Theapplicationsofcomputersarewiderandwider.2）多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞采用“moreandmore+形容詞或副詞原級”或“increasingly+形容詞或副詞原級”形式。Thiskindofdevicehasbecomemoreandmorecomplicated.幻燈片124.“越......,越......”的表達方式。Thedarkerthecolor(is),themoreheatitabsorbs.5."of+復數名詞"來表示最高級的比較范圍。Ofallthestarsinthesky,thesunlooksthebiggset.幻燈片13I、1.Thisimage,itwillbenoticed,isarealimage.2.Thisdevice,itissaid,wascommerciallyavailablethreeyearsago.[≈Thisdeviceissaidtohavebeencommerciallyavailable.]3.Thistechnicalproblem,wehope,willbesolvedsoon.4.Thesesystemswillbepresentedinwhattheauthorhopesisaconcisemanner.5.210isapproximately1000,afactthatwethinkisveryusefulinthestudyofdigitalelectronics.6.Aresistorofsay100ohmsshouldbeusedhere.7.Velocityis,wehavenotedbefore,avector.幻燈片14II、1.Nocircuithasnoresistance.[Thereisnota(no)singlecircuitthathasanyresistance.]2.Noneofthosetextbookshave(has)mentionedthispoint.3.Allofthesexvaluescannotsatisfytheequation.4.Neitherofthetwoconditionsissatisfied.5.Intheprecedingchapter,wediscussedallkindsofforce.6.Thispaperdescribesanewmethodfordesigningaircraft.7.Bytheendofthelastcentury,thecompanyhadmanufactured5000radars.8.Since2002,thisresearchinstitutehasbeendevelopingaspecialkindofrobot.9.Allthecomputersinourlaboratoryarenotverygoodinquality.10.Thestudentsarefamiliarwithnoneoftheseparameters.幻燈片15III、1.InSection1-2,theconceptofforcewasintroduced.2.Asearlyasthe1940s,itwasfoundthatsemiconductorsareveryuseful.3.Thisresultcanalsobearrivedatinanotherway.4.Atthattimenousewasmadeofthisphenomenon.(…,thisPhenomenonwasmadenouseof.)5.Thispointwillbedealtwithinthenextsection.幻燈片16IV、1.Thismachineworksmuchbetterthanthatone(does).2.Thiscomputerrequiresmanymorecomponentsthatthatone(does).3.MacroshavefarfewerusesinC++.4.Thedistanceofthemoonfromtheearthisasgreatas240,000miles.5.Thegreatertheresistance,thelongertimeittakesforthecapacitortoreachitsmaximumvoltage.(…,thelongertimeisrequiredforthecapacitortoreachitsmaximumvoltage.)6.Thefartherthebodyisthrown,thegreaterforcewillberequired.幻燈片177.Calculatehowmanymoresecondsarerequiredforthewheeltocometorest[stop].8.Ofalltheinstrumentsinthislaboratory,thisoneisthelowestinprice[…,thisoneisthecheapest].9.Soundtravelsinhydrogenmuchfasterthaninair.10.Thisastronomicalobservatoryisthelargestinourcountry.11.Thecurrentassmallas0.1Aistoosmalltoproduceenoughheat.幻燈片18V、Manydifferentmethodscanbeusedtoresolvecompoundsintotheirelements.Sometimes,butnotoften,heataloneissufficient.JosephPriestley,anEnglishchemist,discoveredoxygen200yearsago.Amorecommonmethod