英語中考+非謂語動詞Non-finite+Verb課件+

Non-finiteVerb非謂語動詞Lesson9Non-finiteVerb04010302目錄CONTENTS動詞不定式動名詞非謂語動詞的固定用法現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞什么是非謂語動詞？在句子中不當(dāng)謂語的動詞.非謂語動詞構(gòu)成特征和作用不定式todo具有名詞、副詞和形容詞的作用，可在句中作主語、賓語、定語、表語、補足語和狀語動名詞doing具有名詞的作用，可在句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing具有副詞和形容詞的作用，可在句中作定語、表語、補足語和狀語過去分詞done謂語與非謂語的區(qū)別：1、謂語動詞在句中可單獨作謂語,而非謂語動詞不能單獨作謂語。MissLiteachesusEnglish.Hetoldmethetruth.teaches、told在句子中當(dāng)謂語2、謂語動詞受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制,而非謂語動詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。MissLicomestoourclassroomtohaveatalkwithus.Heisgoingtostopsmokinginthisyear.非謂語：tohave、smoking一、動詞不定式1、構(gòu)成：

否定：2、特點：todonottodo動詞不定式（或不定式短語）沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。動詞不定式仍保留有動詞的特點。eg:IcomeheretolearnEnglish.Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.一、動詞不定式3、基本用法：（1）作主語（2）作表語（3）作賓語（4）作賓語補足語（5）作定語（6）作狀語（7）與疑問詞連用一、動詞不定式（1）todo作主語eg:①學(xué)外語很容易。

②解決這個問題很困難。動詞不定式todo作主語時，一般位于句首，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Tolearnforeignlanguagesisveryeasy.Tosolvethisproblem

isverydifficult.一、動詞不定式it作形式主語，todo作真正的主語①Itis(not)+adj./n.+(forsb.)todosth.②Itis(not)+adj.+ofsb.todosth.③Ittakes/tooksb.+時間+todosth.ItisdifficultforhimtolearnEnglishwell.Itistimeforyoutogotoschool.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.Ittakesmetwohourstofinishhomework.一、動詞不定式（2）todo作表語（3）todo作賓語作表語時，動詞不定式todo一般位于be動詞之后。常見句型：sb’sjobistodosth.Theproblemistofindasolution.Myjobistolookafterthebaby.①動詞feel，find，make，think等后面，可以用it作形式賓語代替真正的賓語，后面接動詞不定式主語＋feel／find／make／think等＋it＋adj．＋todoIfinditdifficulttolearnanewskill.一、動詞不定式②常見的動詞不定式作賓語Whatwouldyouliketodrink,teaorcoffee?IhopetotravelabroadwhenIgrowup.☆動詞不定式作賓語的動詞：三個希望兩答應(yīng)，hope,wish,expect,agree,promise兩個要求莫拒絕。demand,ask,refuse設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定，manage,learn,decide/determine不要假裝在選擇。pretend,choose/select打算提出兩計劃，intend,offer,plan,mean申請失敗負(fù)擔(dān)起，apply,fail,afford準(zhǔn)備愿望又碰巧。prepare,desire,happen兩想要：wouldlike，want一、動詞不定式（4）todo作賓語補足語動詞+sb.(賓語)+todosth.(賓補)Theteachersasksmetocleantheblackboard.Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergamesonceaweek.want、ask、allow、invite、encourage、advise、expect、warn、order、teach、wouldlike、tell、persuade、remind、force......等一、動詞不定式省略to動詞不定式作賓語補足語口訣：一感二聽三讓四看一半幫eg:Myparentsmakemesweepthefloor.make+sb.+dosth.省略to

feellistento，hearlet，make，havewatch，seelookat，noticehelphelpsb.todosth.helpsb.dosth.一、動詞不定式注意?、僭凇耙桓卸犓目础边@些感官動詞的后面也常用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，表示動作正在進行中。eg:seesb.dosth.seesb.doingsth.Weheardhersinging.我們聽見她在唱歌。（強調(diào)“唱歌”正在進行）Weheardhersing.我們聽見她唱歌了。（表示有過“唱歌”這一動作）②被動語態(tài)將to還原（let除外）eg:makesb.do.sth.sb.bemadetodosth.Myparentsmademesweepthefloor.Iwasmadetosweepthefloorbymyparents.一、動詞不定式（5）todo作定語（6）todo作狀語動詞不定式todo

一般作后置定語，放在名詞或代詞之后。Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.(todo作homework的后置定語）Iwantsomethingtoeat.(toeat作something的后置定語）①todo作目的狀語todo/inordertodo/soastodo為了做...Hewenttothebanktogetmoney.一、動詞不定式②todo作結(jié)果狀語常見于“too……to……”太而不能

“enough……to……”足夠...做某事Theboyistooyoungtofinishthiswork.Theboyisnotoldenoughtofinishthiswork.③todo作原因狀語形容詞(difficult,happy,glad,lucky,fortunate,surprised,angry,anxious,ready,quick,slow,cruel,clever等)+todoI'msogladtohearthatyouhavepassedtheexam.一、動詞不定式（7）todo與疑問詞連用疑問詞+todo可在句中作主語，賓語，表語等疑問代詞：what,who,which疑問副詞：when,where,why,howeg:Wheretostayisnotbeendecided.（作主語）

Idon'tknowhowtogettotheScholar.（作賓語）

Thequestionishowtomakeherhappy.（作表語）一、動詞不定式常見省略to的動詞不定式句型：Whynot+dosth.?

為什么不做某事？Whydon’tyou+dosth.?

你為什么不做某事？hadbetter(not)+dosth.

最好（不）做某事Willyouplease+dosth.?你愿意做某事嗎？wouldratherdosth.

寧愿做某事sb.donothingbutdosth.

某人只能做某事二、動名詞基本用法：（1）作主語（2）作表語（3）作賓語（4）作定語二、動名詞1、作主語2、作表語3、作賓語謂語動詞用三單，有時先it用作形式主語，把動名詞置于句末。動名詞做主語表示一種習(xí)慣、概念或經(jīng)驗。句型：Itisadj./n.+doingsth.（出現(xiàn)頻率較少）Talkingisnouse.=It'snousetalking.It'snousecrying.Tom'sfavoritesportisplayingfootball.作動詞和介詞的賓語Heisfondofplayingbasketball.Jimmyenjoysplayingthepiano.二、動名詞直接帶動名詞做賓語的口訣

eg:enjoydoingsth.

避免錯過少延期avoid,miss,postpone,putoff建議完成多練習(xí)suggest,finish,practice喜歡想象禁不住enjoy,imagine,can'thelp承認(rèn)否定又妒忌admit,deny,envy逃避冒險多原諒escape,risk,excuse忍受保持不介意stand,keep(on),mind二、動名詞完成練習(xí)值得忙finish，practice，beworth，bebusy繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄keepon，beusedto，giveup考慮建議不禁想consider，suggest，can'thelp，feellike喜歡思念要介意enjoy，miss，mind注意兩個建議：suggestsb.doingsth.suggestdoingsth.suggestthat+從句advisesb.todosth.advisedoingsth.（基本不考）二、動名詞4、作定語注意！下列詞組中to是介詞,后只用動詞ing形式：Katewonthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition.

（1）beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做…

（2）lookforwardtodoing期望做…

（3）payattentiontodoing全神貫注做…（4）makeacontributiontodoing做貢獻…

（5）saynotodoing對…說不

二、動名詞動名詞的特殊用法既可以接動名詞也可以接動詞不定式的動詞，但意義不同的詞。remember記得做過某事(動作已發(fā)生)記得去做某事(動作未發(fā)生)forget忘了做過某事(動作已發(fā)生)忘記去做某事(動作未發(fā)生)regret后悔做某事(動作已發(fā)生)遺憾去做某事(動作未發(fā)生)try嘗試做某事盡力做某事stop停止做某事停下來去做另一件事continue繼續(xù)做原來的事接著做另一件事can’thelp忍不住做某事無法幫助做某事注意:want,need,require接動名詞(doing)表示被動意義，表示“想,要…”Thematterneedsthinkingover.(=tobethoughtover)三、非謂語動詞的固定用法1、wouldratherdo…thando…

意為“寧愿做……而不愿做……”2、prefertodo…ratherthando…或preferdoing…todoing…

意為“寧愿做…而不愿做…”3、whydo...或whynotdo….表示責(zé)問或建議4、feellikedoingsth.表示“想要做某事''IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.

Hepreferredtostayathomeratherthangowithus.

Whynotgothereaftersupper?Whatdoyoufeellikedoingwhenyougrowup?三、非謂語動詞的固定用法5、Wouldliketodosth.想要做某事6、too…to…

太……而不能……/…enoughto………

足夠……7、hadbetter+(not)+do

最好(不)……8、Willyouplease+do?

你能……嗎？Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithus?Theboyistooyoung/notoldenough

tolookafterhimself.

You’dbetternotstaytheretoday.

Willyoupleaseclosethedoor?

四、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞（較少考察）1、分詞作定語修飾語與被修飾詞為主動關(guān)系或動作正在進行用現(xiàn)在分詞修飾語與被修飾詞為被動關(guān)系或動作已完成用過去分詞分詞前置Wecanseetherisingsun.我們可以看到東升的旭日Heisaretiredworker.他是位退休的工人分詞后置Therewasagirlsittingthere.有個女孩坐在那里Thisisthequestiongiven.這是所給的問題四、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞2、分詞作狀語AsIdidn'treceiveanyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.=Notreceivinganyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.If

moreattentionwasgiven,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.=Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語時和邏輯主語（句子的主語）之間存在主動關(guān)系。過去分詞做狀語時和邏輯主語（句子的主語）之間存在被動關(guān)系。四、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞3、分詞作補語通常在感官動詞和使役動詞之后，表示賓語的動作或狀態(tài)。Ifoundmycarmissing.I'llhavemywatchrepaired.4、分詞作表語通常放在系動詞后作表語。Shelookedtiredwithcooking.Heremainedstandingbesidethetable.現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動，正在進行過去分詞：表示被動，已經(jīng)完成四、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞5、分詞作插入語generallyspeaking

一般說來

talkingof(speakingof)

說道strictlyspeaking

嚴(yán)格的說

judgingfrom

從…判斷allthingsconsidered

從整體來看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來Exercise一、單項選擇1、—Ihavetoregret________thatyouwon’tbeacceptedtotheuniversity.

—Isee.Ireallyregret________mostofmytimeplayingcomputergamesinsteadofworkinghard.

A．tosay,tospend

B．saying,tospend

C．tosay,spending2、Ifound________veryinteresting________ahorse.

A．that;toride

B．it;rides

C．it;toride3、It’snecessary_____masks（口罩）inpublicplacesduringtheCOVID-19period.

A．forustowear

B．foruswearing

C．ofuswearing

D．ofustowear4、Mr.Liisakind-heartedman.Hedoeseverythinghecan________homelesspeople.

A．helped

B．helping

C．help

D．tohelp√√√√Exercise5、Ourteacheralwayschoosesclassicalsongssheenjoys________usbetweenclasses.

A．relax

B．relaxing

C．torelax

D．torelaxing6、OnlineshortvideoappslikeDouyinmake______easiertodosomeshoppingathome.

A．it

B．one

C．this

D．that7、I'dlike_______allthestudentswhoareheretoday.

A．tocongratulating

B．tocongratulate

C．congratulating

D．congratulate8、—Couldyoutellme________?

—At10:00tomorrowmorning.

A．howtoleave

B．whentoleave

C．whereyou’llleavefor

D．whoyou’llleavewith√√√√Exercise9、Thepopsingerwasbusy________forhisconcert.Hedidn’thaveenoughtimetotakearest.

A．toprepare

B．preparing

C．prepare

D．prepared10、—Wouldyoumind________thewindow?It'stoohotinside.

—No,notatall.

A．open

B．opening

C．opens

D．toopen11、Mr.Baker’sbeeninBritainforseveralyears,sohe’susedto_______ontheleft.

A．drive

B．driving

C．drives

D．drove12、Huaweihassucceededin________newsoftwareforhisproducts.Ican’twait________anewHuaweimobile.

A．developing,tobuy

B．developed,buying

C．developing,buy

D．develop,buying√√√√Exercise13、﹣Hello，Lucy，pleasegivemesome____onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!

﹣You'dbetterkeep___moreEnglishbooks．

A．a(chǎn)dvices；read

B．a(chǎn)dvice；read

C．a(chǎn)dvice；reading

D．a(chǎn)dvices；reading14、—MrBlack,mycomputerisbroken,itneeds________.

—OK,Iwillhaveit________tomorrow.

A．tobemended;mending

B．mending;tomend

C．mending;mended

D．tomend;tobemended15、Ittookmydaughtertwoweeks______thenovels______byYangHongying.

A．read,written

B．toread,written

C．reading,towrite

D．toread,wrote16、—Tom,yourhairistoolong,andyoushouldhaveit_____thisSunday.

A．cut

B．tocut

C．cuts√√√√Exercise17、BecauseofCOVID-19,thegovernmentadvisedus________tothepublicplacesless.

A．going

B．togo

C．nottogo

D．go18、Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(碼).

A．explain

B．explains C．toexplain D．explaining19、_________myself,Iwilltakeupahobbylikepaintingthissummer.

A．Improve

B．Improving C．Toimprove D．Improved20、Thelecture（講座）isworth________.PleasetellJohn________late.

A．a(chǎn)ttend;notbe

B．toattend;tobe

C．a(chǎn)ttended;tobeing

D．a(chǎn)ttending;nottobe21、Theboyiscrazyaboutmusicandwealwayshearhim___inthemusicroom.

A．tosing

B．sings

C．singing

D．sing√√√√√Exercise22、—Englishisdifficult________atthebeginning.

—Yes,butifyoukeep________,youcanmakeprogress.

A．tobelearned;trying

B．tolearn;trying

C．tobelearned;totry

D．tolearn;totry23、Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfrom_____directlyinyoureyes.

A．shine

B．shining

C．toshine24、AgroupofelephantsinYunnanProvincehavetrouble________aproperlivingplace.Weshouldhelpthem.

A．find

B．found

C．tofind

D．finding25、—Look!Therearesomestudents________basketballontheplayground.

—Yes.Ioftenseethem________basketballthere.

A．play;play

B．play;playing

C．playing;play

D．playing;playing√√√√Exercise26、Ourschoolhasheldmanyactivities________the100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

A．celebrate

B．celebrated

C．toc