檢測二Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriod2含解析

二Unit1Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·張家口高二檢測)LucilleCliftonwasthefirstAfrican-AmericanpoetlaureateofCriticscallheroneofthegreatestwritersofourtime.LucilleCliftonwasborninDepew,NewYorkin1936.Shebeganwritingpoetrywhenshewasabouttenyearsold.Shehaddevelopedaninterestinpoetrybecauseofhermother,ThelmaSayles.Hermotherwasalsoapoetalthoughherpoemswereneverpublished.AsachildLucillewouldsitonhermother’Whilehermothertaughthertolovepoetry,herfathergaveherthegiftofstorytelling.HewouldtellLucilleinterestingstoriesaboutherancestors,especiallytheonenamedLucillewhowashisgrandmother.SamuelCliftonsaidshewasthefirstblackwomantobelegallyhangedinthestateofVirginia.LucilleCliftonwroteaboutitinherpoemcalled“Lucy〞.Lucilleoftentalkedaboutherloveforwords.Shelovedthesoundofwordsandthewaythewordsfeltinhermouth.Shelovedfindinginterestingwaystousewordstoexpresswhatwashappeningintheworld.Unlikehermother,LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.Herpoemsdonotrhymeorfollowaspecialkindofpattern.Theydonotusefancywords.Herpoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.Itiswrittenthewaypeoplespeak,inacasual,relaxedlanguage.Thereisverylittlepunctuationandevenlesscapitalization.Manyofthepoemsareuncomfortablyhonest.LucilleCliftonoftensaidthatshetriedtocomforttheafflicted(折磨)andafflictthecomfortable.Overtheyears,sheseemstohaveperfectedthatart.【語篇概述】本文主要介紹了馬里蘭州第一位女性黑人桂冠詩人獲獎?wù)週ucilleClifton,并對她的作品進行了簡要的介紹.1.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Lucille’sparentsinfluencedheralot.B.Lucille’sfatheroftenreadpoemstoher.C.Lucille’smotherpublishedsomepoems.D.Lucille’sparentstaughthertolovewords.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Shehaddevelopedaninterestinpoetrybecauseofhermother...以及第三段首句Whilehermothertaughthertolovepoetry,herfathergaveherthegiftofstorytelling.可知父母對她的影響很大。結(jié)合選項,應(yīng)選A。2.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Lucille’sgreatworks.B.WordsthatLucilleused.C.Lucille’swritingstyle.D.BackgroundofLucille’spoems.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,此段主要講述了其詩歌的風(fēng)格。結(jié)合選項,應(yīng)選C。3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatLucilleis_______.

A.funnyB.creativeC.selfishD.beautiful【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.Herpoemsdonotrhymeorfollowaspecialkindofpattern.Theydonotusefancywords.Herpoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.可知,她是非常具有創(chuàng)造性的,結(jié)合選項,應(yīng)選B。4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LucilleCliftonwasthefirstAfrican-AmericanpoetlaureateofAmerica.B.LucilleCliftonwasborninAfrica.C.LucilleCliftonbeganwritingpoetryfromabout1956.D.UnlikeLucilleClifton,hermother’spoetryistraditional.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Unlikehermother,LucilleClifton’spoetryisanythingbuttraditional.可知,LucilleClifton母親的詩較為傳統(tǒng),結(jié)合選項,應(yīng)選D。BKongZi,calledConfucius(551—479B.C.)andSocrates(470—399B.C.)livedonlyahundredyearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.TheurbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激進的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.ThusSocrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedomandknowledgeforitsownsake,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.ConfuciussuggestedRuleasaprinciplefortheconductof“Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantotherstodotoyou.〞Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthatsomehadmorepotentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothersdid.LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior(下層的)class.ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,thefamilywasthecentreofsociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.【語篇概述】本文闡述了兩位思想家孔子和蘇格拉底主張的觀點的異同。5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocratesideas.C.Thesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers’ideas.D.TherewereexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。第一段主要講述了孔子和蘇格拉底生活期間盡管中國和希臘沒有任何往來,但是兩位哲學(xué)家的不同生活影響著他們觀點的形成并且影響著他們當時生活的社會。6.SocratessharedwithConfuciustheideathat_______.

A.allmenwereequalwhentheywerebornB.thelowerclassshouldberuledbytheupperclassC.thepurposeofmanwastoseekfreedomandwisdomD.peopleshouldnotaskotherstodowhattheydidnotwantto【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferiorclass.(跟孔子一樣,蘇格拉底認為,上層階級應(yīng)該統(tǒng)治下層階級。)〞,應(yīng)選B。7.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.Family.B.Potential.C.Knowledge. D.Community.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.〞可知,人生來都是平等的,是知識將人分開了,應(yīng)選C。8.Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof_______.

A.timeandevents B.comparisonandcontrastC.causeandeffect D.definitionandclassification【解析】選B。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文主要闡述了兩位哲學(xué)家觀點的不同,是以比照和比擬的方式來安排文章的。Ⅱ.完形填空IsatnervouslyandwaitedforKathleentospeak.Beingcalledtothehumanresourcesdepartmentisalittlelikebeingcalledtotheprincipal’soffice.“Annie,〞shesaid,“Afoodbankinourtownthatservestheelderlyisaskingfor1.I’dlikeyoutoorganizetheeventandseeitthrough.〞“Well,um,er...sure.Iguessso.〞AsIstuttered(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說)throughmy2,allIcouldthinkwas,“What?Whyme?〞Iwalkedbacktomyofficewithoutanyideaastowheretobegin.Thiswasatimewhentheeconomywas3.Theriseinunemploymentforcedmanyofmycoworkerstostruggletosurvive.HowcouldIaskmycoworkersformore?

Thatevening,Idrovehome4.ThenIrememberedatimelongagowhenmyfatherwasoutofwork.MomwroteanotetoJim,themilkman,askinghimnotto5anymoremilk.Twodayslater,Jimpickedupthe6andleftfourlitersofmilk.HewrotehisownmessageonthebacksideofMom’s.Itread,“Kidsneedmilk.〞ThemilkdeliverycontinuedasusualandJimleftfourlitersofmilkeveryotherday,nevercollectedacent7us.

ThememoryofJim’skindness8myenthusiasm.PerhapsI’dbeinforapleasantsurprise.

ThenextmorningI9signsaboutourfooddrivealloverthecafeteriaandoneverynoticeboardIcouldfind.Eachsignsaid,“Fooddrivetosupporttheelderlypoorofourtown!Donationsofnon-perishable(不易腐爛的)foodsare10needed.〞

Withinafewdays,Ihadtolocateemptyofficespaceto11themassivenumberofcontributionswehadcollected.Oneofmycoworkers,Maggie,madetheroundswithmeeverydayfromonedepartmenttoanothertopickupthecannedgoodsandotherfoods.Maggiewasoversixtybutpushedourfoodtrolleyaroundwiththe12ofawomanhalfherage.

13weweremakingourroundsoneday,Iaskedherwhereshegotalltheenergyandenthusiasm.“Annie,〞shesaid,“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent,Ican’tthinkofabetterwaytobe14forkeepingourjobswhensomanyhavelosttheirs.Suremoneyistight.Butwhenisn’tit?Peopleneedfood.〞

AsIlistenedtoMaggie,themilkman’swords15inmyears,“Kidsneedmilk.〞

【語篇概述】作者兒時家庭受到送奶人的幫助,當需要他奉獻時受此鼓舞,積極投身到幫助貧窮老年人籌集食物的活動中,文章表達了作者的感恩之情。1.A.pityB.adviceC.helpD.medicine【解析】選C。背景常識題。此處指一家為老年人效勞的食物銀行需要幫助,根據(jù)下文的“massivenumberofcontributions〞和“pickupthecannedgoodsandotherfoods〞可知,這里需要幫助,需要籌集食物,應(yīng)選C。2.A.response B.commentC.explanation D.complaint【解析】選A。詞語辨析題。response回應(yīng);comment評論;explanation解釋;complaint抱怨。此處指我結(jié)巴地回應(yīng)這個任務(wù),容許了Kathleen,應(yīng)選A。3.A.fading B.growing C.recovering D.booming【解析】選A。詞語辨析題。fading衰減;growing生長;recovering恢復(fù);booming興旺。此處指當時是經(jīng)濟蕭條時期,根據(jù)下句“Theriseinunemploymentforcedmanyofmycoworkerstostruggletosurvive.〞和倒數(shù)第二段中的“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent〞可知答案,應(yīng)選A。4.A.angrily B.negatively C.excitedly D.happily【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。angrily生氣地;negatively消極地;excitedly感到興奮地;happily快樂地。那天晚上我消極地開車回家,應(yīng)選B。5.A.spare B.drink C.deliver D.sell【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。spare抽出,勻出;drink喝;deliver遞送;sell賣。此處指由于父親失業(yè),母親告訴Jim不用送牛奶了,根據(jù)Jim,themilkman可知是送牛奶,應(yīng)選C。6.A.keys B.kids C.cents D.empties【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。keys鑰匙;kids孩子;cents分;empties空瓶。此處指Jim來收空奶瓶,應(yīng)選D。7.A.from B.for C.with D.to【解析】選A。邏輯推理題。from從……;for為了……;with和……一起;to表示方向。此處指Jim從未從我們這里要過錢,應(yīng)選A。8.A.started B.fired C.encouraged D.caught【解析】選B。邏輯推理題。started開始;fired燃燒,解雇;encouraged鼓勵;caught抓住。對Jim的善良的回憶激起了我的熱情,應(yīng)選B。9.A.designed B.noticed C.marked D.posted【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。designed設(shè)計;noticed注意到;marked做記號,打分;posted張貼。此處指第二天早上我開始行動,在我能找到的所有自助餐廳和布告牌上張貼告示。表示“張貼告示〞,應(yīng)選D。10.A.seldom B.greatly C.never D.lately【解析】選B。詞語辨析題。seldom很少,難得;greatly大大地,非常;never從來沒有;lately近來,最近。告示上寫著:支持給貧窮的老年人食物,急需捐贈不易腐爛的食物。應(yīng)選B。11.A.check B.clear C.separate D.store【解析】選D。邏輯推理題。check核查;clear去除;separate使別離;store儲藏。此處指我們儲藏籌集來的食物,上文貼告示的目的是籌集食物,應(yīng)選D。12.A.satisfaction B.qualityC.energy D.motivation【解析】選C。邏輯推理題。satisfaction滿意;quality質(zhì)量;energy能量;motivation動機。這位年過六旬的老人用年輕人的力量每天推著食物車工作,應(yīng)選C。13.A.As B.However C.Therefore D.After【解析】選A。詞語辨析題。as當……的時候;however然而;therefore因此;after在……之后。一天當我們四處巡視時,我問她在哪里得到所有的精力和熱情,應(yīng)選A。14.A.lucky B.proud C.delighted D.grateful【解析】選D。詞語辨析題。lucky幸運的;proud自豪的;delighted快樂的;grateful感謝的。隨著失業(yè)率到達10%,那么多人失去了他們的工作,Maggie想不出一個更好的方法來感謝他們的工作,應(yīng)選D。15.A.disappeared B.rangC.hid D.fell【解析】選B。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。disappeared消失;rang響;hid隱藏;fell掉下。此處指此時送奶人“孩子們需要牛奶〞的話又回響在我耳邊,與上文照應(yīng)再次想起送奶人的話,應(yīng)選B。【技法導(dǎo)練】完形填空解題技巧:上下文聯(lián)系尋信息文章中,句與句之間、段與段之間緊密相連、渾然一體。因此,完形填空中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)前面的信息為后面的空白提供暗示,而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情況。這時,考生切不可死盯空白處不放,而要聯(lián)系上下文,尋求信息以確定答案。例如第15小題。語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·濱州高二檢測)DuFuistoChineseliteraturewhatShakespeareistoEnglishdrama.“WehaveDante,ShakespeareandDuFu.Thesepoetscreatetheveryvaluesby1.______poetryisjudged,〞remarkedHarvardProfessorStephenOweninDuFu,China’sGreatestPoet,anewBBCdocumentarythatairedonApril7.

2.___________(aim)atintroducingthecharmandbeautyoftraditionalChineseliteraturetoviewers3.___________theworld,thedocumentaryinvitedfamousBritishactorIanMcKellen,who4.___________(play)theGandalfinTheLordoftheRingsin1999,toread15ofDu’spoemsthathavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.

Theone-hourfilmtracesthepoet’slife5.___________(experience)indetail.Bornin712AD,DulivedinthetimegovernedbytheTangEmperorXuanzong,whichwasmarkedbyextraordinaryprosperity.However,astheAnLushanRebellion(安史之亂)in755AD6.___________(complete)shockedtheempire,DuFuhadtotakehisfamilyontheroadasrefugees(難民),andendured7.___________(starve),povertyandothersufferings.Despitetheupsanddowns,thepoetneverstoppedandabout1,500poems8.___________(pass)downovertheages.

Inthesepoems,heexpressedhewas9.___________(concern)forhiscountryandpeople.Besides,the