新概念英語第三冊筆記第49課上課教(學(xué))案

Lesson

49Theidealservant理想的仆人Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語ramblinga.雜亂無章的（adj.凌亂無序的）(esp.ofabuilding,houseortown)extendingindifferentdirectionsirregularly,asifbuiltwithoutplanningaramblingstreet一條七扭八歪的街道aramblinghouse亂七八糟的房子aramblingroom凌亂的屋子aramblingcastle雜亂的城堡aramblingletter一封沒條理的信Ramblevi.閑逛,漫步(troll,goforawalk/haveawalk,goforastroll/haveastroll);rambleabout,漫談,聊天(talkorwriteinthedisorderway);植物的蔓延生長Theyrambledthroughthewood.Theoldladybegantorambleaboutheryouth.Thewildroserambledoverthefence.trampv徒步前進/Trampvt.徒步走,徒步旅行（本意是（尤指長時間地）重步行走，踏，踩）Trampn.步行,徒步旅行,徒步旅行者Trampn.流浪者,乞丐,妓女stroll[str??l]n.溜達,散步（=slowwalkingforpleasureinstreetoringarden）指不慌不忙地溜達goforastroll=goforawalk,takeastroll=takeawalkstrollv.閑逛,漫步--Heisstrollingalongtheroad.Strollern.散步者,流浪者Ramble[‘r?mbl]v.海岸、林中的漫步--Thecoupleareramblingintheforest.[英]漫步，尤指為消遣而在鄉(xiāng)間閑逛Sentimentallyadv.感情上,多情地,（富情感地；多情地）Sentimental[?sent??mentl]1、傷感的;多愁善感的2、情感上的，情感方面的~~value情感價值Sentimental=emotionalsensiblea.有知覺的，可感知的；明智的。Thepatientwasspeechlessbutstillsensible.病人雖然不能說話但仍然有知覺。sentimentala.多愁善感的，感傷的。Thenovelhasscenesfullofloveandloss;itissosentimental!小說有多處場景充滿愛情的悲歡離合，真是感傷?。ensitivea.敏感的，靈敏的。Thisfilmissensitivetolight.這種膠片對光很敏感。Sentiment1、情緒（具體的某種情緒，反美）2、觀點;感想（anideaorfeelingthatsomeoneexpressesinwords）3、傷感;感情（isfeelingssuchaspityorlove）Sentimentsn.情操Thesentimentsofpity惻隱之心Asstudents,wemusthavdnoblesentiments.高尚從情操sentiment一般指由一種思想激起的感情，含較大的理智因素。affection指對人的愛慕或深厚、溫柔的感情。feeling普通用詞，含義廣。多指具體的或心的感受，或表露出來的強烈情感。passion指極強烈的感情、尤指憤怒、愛好等。也常指兩性間的愛情。emotion普通用詞，詞義中性。泛指因外界刺激而引起思想情感從細微變化到最強烈的發(fā)作。與思想相對的感情Lavishly[?l?v??li]a.慷慨地,大方地Lavish1、盛大奢華的2、揮霍的3、慷慨的belavishwith(begenerousingivingsomething)belavishwithtimebelavishwithmoneybelavishwithloveeg.HeislavishwithhistimeonwatchingTV.4、vt為…花很多錢;對…十分殷勤;對…大加贊賞用ona.揮霍的,浪費的,奢侈的=extravagant;vt亂花錢lavishmoneyonsb/sth在某人或某事上亂花錢Lavishcareonsb過度關(guān)心/寵愛==spoilTheladyalwayslavishhermoneyonbeautifulclothes..Lavishpraisesonsb.;大肆吹捧=nevergrudgedoing從未舍不得Grudgevt.舍不得給Grudge[gr?d?]v.不愿給,舍不得給（名詞性用的更多一些）noun~(againstsb)積怨；怨恨；嫌隙HehasagrudgeagainsttheworldHe'samanwithagrudgeverb1、勉強做；不情愿地給；吝惜todoorgivesthunwillingly[V-ing]Igrudgehavingtopaysomuchtax[VN]HegrudgesthetimehespendstravellingtoworkExtravagant[?k’str?v?g?nt]adj.浪費的，奢移的，豪華的（wastefuladj.浪費的,不經(jīng)濟的）含有貶義,可指人花錢大手大腳,鋪浪費;--extravagant

habitbeextravagantwithsth浪費什么東西用withGenerousa.慷慨大方的（（褒義詞）不吝惜，大方的．慷慨的，善良的）begenerouswithhelpbegenerouswithtimebegenerouswithmoneybegenerouswithadviceliberaladj.慷慨的，大量的，豐足的；開明的；自由的beliberalwithmoneybeliberalwithhelpaliberalsupporterliberaldonationsWastefula.浪費的(反)thrifty,.economical,frugal[‘fru:gl]immaculatea.清潔的,無污點的spotless（verycleanandtidy）專八lookimmaculate…看上去一塵不染immaculaterooms整潔干凈的房間immaculatebehaviors無可指責(zé)的行為spotlessadj.pure純潔的，無暇的spotlessreputation無瑕疵的名譽spotlessrecord沒有瑕疵的記錄spotlesscharacter無可指責(zé)的性格flawlessadj.完美，無懈可擊的havingnomistakes,marksorweaknessesflaw[fl?:]n.瑕疵，小裂縫，小錯，弱點；裂縫，裂紋vt&vi.使生裂縫，使有裂紋；使無效；使有缺陷（amistake,markorweaknessthatmakessomethingimperfect）fatalflaw致命的弱點parquet[?pɑ?ke?]n.鑲木地板banquetn.宴會n.鑲木地板vt.鋪鑲木地板于；用鑲木制；鋪parquetfloor[建]鑲木地板;木地板;地面拼花parquetblock鑲木地板條塊;[木]鑲嵌木塊較為普通的用語，木地板：woodflooringtimberfloorGleam[ɡli?m]v發(fā)光，閃光（v./n.發(fā)亮，閃光（發(fā)的光很柔和）toshinesoftly）1、[V]發(fā)微光；隱約閃光；閃爍toshinewithapaleclearlight2、[V]~(withsth)顯得光潔明亮tolookverycleanorbright3、[V]~(with/insth)（眼睛）表露出，流露出；（在眼中）閃現(xiàn)4、微光（常指反光）5、少量；一絲；一線6、（感情的）表露，閃現(xiàn)同義詞：glint特化的量詞，一絲，egagleamofhope一絲希望sparkle指發(fā)出閃動的光或火星。glow指像冶煉鐵和鋼時發(fā)出的紅光，或臉上，身體上健康的紅光。n.白熾光（tosendoutbrightnessorwarmthwithoutflame.）發(fā)出微弱穩(wěn)定的光vi1、暗淡的光2、(皮膚)泛出紅光（健康或者興奮）3、容光煥發(fā)n1、白熾光2、臉上的紅光（一般是臉上，因為能看出）3、喜悅（引申出）gleam指透過間隔物或映襯于較暗背景上的微弱光線。也指閃光。twinkle閃爍；（眼睛）閃亮，閃閃發(fā)光。常用在星星或者眼睛flash:表示忽明忽暗的閃光，或突然發(fā)出隨即消失的閃光，如閃電的光，手電筒的光，鏡子的光線eg:Lighthouseisflashinginthedistance.glim:透過某種媒介而閃現(xiàn)的微弱的光線，如，透過大霧eg:Thoughthefog,wesawalighthouseglimming.glint:閃爍，由于迅速閃爍的微弱的光=shineforamomenteg:Thesunglintedthroughtheleaves.透過葉縫閃著微弱的光芒glisten:潮濕的物體上反射的光澤和光輝eg:Thewhitesnowglistenedinallthecolorsofrainbow.flicker:表示蠟燭。油燈在即將熄滅的時候的搖曳不定的光eg:Onthecoldnight,Isatinfrontoftheonlycandlewhichwasflickering.Preside[pr??za?d]指揮tobeinchargeofformalceremony主持工作incharge（[V]~(at/oversth)主持（會議、儀式等）；擔(dān)任（會議）主席）1、Ifyoupresideoverameetingoranevent,youareincharge.做主持vi2、vt管理，指揮presideoverpresideoverbusiness主持業(yè)務(wù)presideoverameeting主持大會presideoveranauction主持一次拍賣presideoveraTVprogrampresideoveraprojectpresideat指揮whowillpresideattheparty?govern：(byrules)管理，統(tǒng)治治大國若烹小鮮governaschool側(cè)重指運用任何控制的權(quán)力來統(tǒng)治或管理一個國家、一個社會或一個部門，暗含能力和知識的運用。dominatev.tohavepowerandcontrolvt.控制；支配；占優(yōu)勢；在…中占主要地位male-dominatedsociety男權(quán)社會manipulatev.操縱，擺布，控制manipulatefrombehind幕后操作manipulateapuppetgovernment操作一個傀儡政府conductv.組織，實施，進行；指揮（音樂）；帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)；舉止，表現(xiàn)；傳導(dǎo)（熱或電）conductaband指揮一個樂隊conducttheorchestra指揮一個交響樂團rule強調(diào)用絕對或獨裁的權(quán)力來管理或統(tǒng)治。manage強調(diào)對具體事務(wù)機構(gòu)進行管理，有時含受權(quán)管理或處理之意。Invisible看不見的，無形的1、看不見的2、無形的[ADJn]3、被忽視的4、隱身的invisibly1、看不見地2、無形地]invisibleearnings無形收益invisibleexports無形輸出invisibleassets無形資產(chǎn)tangibleassets有形資產(chǎn)honestyintegrity誠信[?t?nd??bladj.有形的；切實的；可觸摸的n.有形資產(chǎn)currentassets流動資產(chǎn)fixedassets固定資產(chǎn)Scrubv.擦拭,刷洗(用水,肥皂等擦洗)brush/polish:擦光、潤色scrubsthcleanscrubtheinkstainsoffthecarpetPleasescrubyourcoat.Polishv.擦亮，使之閃閃發(fā)光,引申為潤色(文章)Acarefullypolisharticlepolishshoes把鞋子擦亮polishfurniture把家具擦亮Rubv.擦，揉，搓，蹭eg.Myshoesarerubbing.我的鞋磨腳。ruboilonhisarmscour v.刷，擦tocleansththoroughlybyrubbingitwitharoughmaterialvt.徹底搜查scour:gothrough1、vt~sth(forsb/sth)（徹底地）搜尋，搜查，翻找（gothrough,turninsideout,searchthoroughly）2、vt~sth(out)（用粗糙的物體、用力）擦凈，擦亮,3、vt~sth(away/out)|~sth(from/outofsth)(費力地)擦洗；洗滌；沖洗；（水、溪流）沖刷成；沖刷出Enlighteneda.開明的（開明的[表贊許]）（文明的；進步的；被啟發(fā)的）treatingpeopleinkindandsensiblewayandunderstandingtheirneedsandproblemsenlightenedopinions開明的觀點enlightenedslaveholderenlightenedsocietyenlightenedpolicyenlightenvt.啟發(fā)，啟蒙；教導(dǎo)，開導(dǎo)；照耀（正式用詞）普通用詞inspireenlightenmentmovement啟蒙運動Fickleness變化無常fickle[?f?kl]adj.善變的，多變的，變化無常的beinglikelytochangetheirmindaboutpeopleorthingsthattheylike專八薄情ficklelover善變的情人ficklemind花心fickleweather多變的天氣ficklefortune命運多舛constant忠誠的，忠貞的（不變的；恒定的；經(jīng)常的）aconstantwifeeg.Theonlyconstantischange.唯一不變的是變。Variableadj.variableclimate多變的氣候Unrelentinga.不屈不撓的,不松懈的=Strong-minded(堅強的)+Continuousrelentvi發(fā)慈悲八級lastingforlongtimewithoutstopping除了表面的意思之外還含有兩種語感：(1、oftenwithoutcaringwhethertheyhurtorembarrassotherpeople不留情面地堅持的2、無休止的(不愉快的事情))所以還可以被翻譯為“無情的”twodaysofunrelentingrains連續(xù)兩天的魚twodaysofunrelentingactivities兩天馬不停蹄的活動makeanunrelentingefforttodosth不懈的努力makeanunrelentingpursuitforsth不懈的追求carryonanunrelentingsearchforsth持之以恒的尋找Disillusionvt.使幻想破滅（常用被動）（1、vt使醒悟2、n幻滅）名詞：disillusionwithsth什么的幻滅disillusionment幻滅；醒悟illusion：n.幻想，錯覺（“由于視覺，感覺的歪曲所造成的錯覺”，也可能是“感情的因素所致的錯覺”。）underillusionthat/undertheimpressionthat（同位語從句的活用）undernoillusionthat:沒有…幻想eg:Weliveundernoillusionthatcountryisbeautiful.haveillusionabout/havenoillusionabout:對…不報有幻想delusion:妄想，錯覺。側(cè)重于強調(diào)精神病人無中生有的幻覺（通常用于表示“荒謬的見解”或被別人所“迷惑”，有時包含著“神經(jīng)錯亂”，或者“沒有區(qū)別真假的能力”的含義；）或者illusion一般是自己產(chǎn)生，強調(diào)主體的感官，而delusion往往是由他人的某些行為所致Industriousnessn.勤奮arduous['ɑ?dj??s]a.艱苦的，艱難的（needingalotofstrengthandeffort）需要付出很多精力，體力--StudyingEnglishisaarduousjob.Lifeisanardousjourney;soweshouldlearntocherishlife.ous結(jié)尾的形容詞industrious[?n'd?str??s]a勤奮的，勤勉的，勤勞的hardworking普通用詞laborious[l?'b??r??s]a費時費力的，勞神的，strenuous['strenj??s]a.費力的，艱苦的。須全力以付的，比arduous強烈的多，同時表示奮發(fā)的diligentadj.勤奮，刻苦的，認真的名詞diligence勤奮六級adiligentworkeradiligentstudentindustrious指由習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成或天性形成的勤奮。diligent多指為一定的目的或追求而勤奮。hard-workinganassiduouscollectoroffolksongs一個有頑強毅力的民歌收集者workaholicn.工作狂qualification資格，能力（n.資格，執(zhí)照，能力）qualifyvt.限定，修飾；使具有資格；證明…合格vi.取得資格，有資格academicqualification學(xué)歷資格amedicalqualification醫(yī)師執(zhí)照qualificationcertificate書driver’slicense駕駛執(zhí)照exportpermit出口證qualifyingmatch資格賽證明書；結(jié)業(yè)證書certify證明，保證proveMirthn.歡笑,高興(歡笑;歡樂[文學(xué)性])專八Happiness,joy,merriment,fun,amusement,entertainment,delight,rapture,glee(歡欣),bliss(極樂)rapture：['r?pt??]n.欣喜（欣喜若狂，狂喜，非常高興/greatjoy/delight）inrapturesinrapturesover/aboutsth.對…欣喜若狂gointoraptures:feeldelighted感到非常高興gointorapturesover/about/atsth.對…感到非常高興joy/happiness比rapture相對普通用詞eg:Wehaveagoodtimeandwearefullofhappiness.rapture>delight>joy在口語中，建議使用delightdelight:n.v.使高興，使喜悅delighted:adj.eg:Ifeeldelighted./Iaminraptures.ecstasy:['ekst?s?]n狂喜，忘形；入迷；出神（非常投入的狂喜）bliss:[bl?s]極樂,無上的幸福。（n.極樂；天賜的福vt.使欣喜若狂vi.狂喜）eg:Nothingintheworldcanmakeyouhappierthanbliss.Recently,asoundsleepismybliss.Stackv整齊的堆放1、n量詞：摞;堆2、vt堆起，摞起inneatpiles3、Stackup"Stack"ismorecontrolledandorderlycomparedto"pile"or"heap.""Heap"isconsideredbiggerthana"pile"Pileheap[hi?p]都是名詞是堆，動詞堆起，摞起詞組~upcellarn.地窖Storeroomn.儲藏室storehouse倉庫cellar地窖[‘sel?(r)]((私人或飯店的)酒窖)basement地下室（[建]基底，底部）Text課文ItisagoodthingmyauntHarrietdiedyearsago.itisgoodthing還好usedtosaythatyouaregladthatsthhashappenedbecausetherewouldhavebeenproblemsifithadnothappened形式主語我們接觸到的that主從句時，that不可省，但是一些慣用巨型時可以省略。比如it’sapity..eg.Itwasagoodthingyouwerein.Ilostmykeytothedoor.eg.Itwasgoodthingthebabywassafeandsound,thoughthehousewasdamagedinthebomb.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewsonherfavouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewson…airone’sviewson對…發(fā)表意見tosaypubliclywhatyouthinkaboutsthimportantair作為動詞1、使通風(fēng)2、晾；晾干英國英語3、radio/TVprogramme播出；播送4、（意見）公開發(fā)表；（程度高時）宣揚，夸耀airone’sopinionsonsthairone’stroubles傾訴煩惱airinterviewwiththePresident播出對總統(tǒng)的會見airone’sknowledge炫耀自己的知識eg.Thematchwillbeairedonchannel5,CCTVat8:00tonight.eg.Thewetblanketwantedairing.(wantdoing表示某事需要被備別人做了)…favouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.domesticadj.1)家庭的，家務(wù)的，家用的（家的）domesticanimals家禽domesticviolence家庭暴力domesticduties家庭責(zé)任domesticexpenses家庭開銷domesticservices家政服務(wù)domesticservants家仆2)國的domesticaffairs國事務(wù)domesticmarket國市場householdelectricappliance家用電器AuntHarrietlivedinthatleisurelyagewhenservantswereemployedtodohousework.Shehadahuge,ramblingcountryhousecalled'TheGables'.Countryhouse鄉(xiāng)間別墅；郊區(qū)住宅Mansion[?m?n?n]n.豪宅，大廈，大樓，官邸ADreamofRedMansion紅樓夢Residence住宅，宅邸Manor[?m?n?(r)]n.莊園（莊園；領(lǐng)地，封地；采邑）Villan.別墅Cottagen.小屋；村舍；（農(nóng)舍式的）小別墅Shewassentimentallyattachedtothishouse,foreventhoughitwasfartoobigforherneeds,shepersistedinlivingtherelongafterherhusband'sdeath.Shewassentimentallyattachedto…beattachedto愛惜，愛慕，依戀，景仰eg.Theloversaregrowingattachedtoeachother.eg.Thewifeisattachedtoherhusband.eg.IbegantobeattachedtoBeijing.Shewassentimentallyattachedtothishouse,foreventhoughitwasfartoobig…fartoobigmuchtoobig/alottoobigwaytoobig十萬八千里副詞做介賓（我們之前講過介詞短語做介賓）from

below從下方/from

above從上方副詞用作介詞賓語不算普通，主要見于以下特殊情況：1、(1)疑問副詞用作介詞賓詞，不過這樣用時，介詞通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篧hereareyougoing(to)?2、(2)某些表地點的副詞作用介詞的賓語。如：①副詞here和there用作along,around,down,in,near,on,over,round,through,under,up等介詞的賓語。如：Yourhotelisquitenearhere.②副詞home用作at,(away)from,closeto,near,toward(s)等的賓語。如：I’mathomeeveryevening.③副詞abroad只用用作from的賓語，如：I’vegotaletterfromabroad.介詞from后接behind,downstairs,upstairs,inside,outside,above,below,beneath,underneath,indoors,outdoors,within等表示地點的副詞作賓語。(3)某些表時間的副詞作用介詞的賓語。如②before后接long,yesterday等作賓語。如：Ihopetowritetoyoubeforelong.③by后接now,tomorrow,then等作賓語。如：Helefttwohoursagoandheshouldbetherebynow.⑦till,until后接recently,late,later等作賓語。如：Shopsremainopentilllateintheevening.Beforeshegrewold,AuntHarrietusedtoentertainlavishly.beforeshegrewoldwhenshewasyoungbeforehedied:whenhewasaliveuptothetimeofhisdeathIoftenvisitedTheGableswhenIwasaboy.Nomatterhowmanyguestswerepresent,thegreathousewasalwaysimmaculate.Theparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors;highlypolishedsilverwasdisplayedingleamingglasscabinets;evenmyuncle'shugecollectionofbookswaskeptmiraculouslyfreefromdust.Theparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors…shonelikemirrorshighlypolishedgleaming均為有夸色彩的表達以形容房子的潔凈。shone[??n]Br[??un]AmTheparquetfloorsshonelikemirrors;highlypolishedsilverwasdisplayedingleamingglasscabinets…Cabinetn.(有玻璃門的)柜櫥，壁柜，酒柜kitchencabinet智囊團Cabinet閣wardroben.衣櫥，衣柜cupboardn.衣櫥，碗柜askeletoninthecupboardcloset壁櫥，小房間lockerroom更衣室…evenmyuncle'shugecollectionofbookswaskeptmiraculouslyfreefromdust.miraculousadj.神奇，不可思議（好運）completelyunexpectedandusuallyresultingfromextremegoodluckeg.Thearmywonamiraculousvictoryoveramuchstrongerenemy.miraculousrecoverymiraculousescapemiraculousimprovementmiraculously說也奇怪，也直是奇跡eg.Itwasaterribleaircrash,but,miraculously,noonewaskilled.miraclen．奇跡eg.Youmayaswelltryjogging-itworksmiraclesforme.AuntHarrietpresidedoveraninvisiblearmyofservantsthatcontinuouslyscrubbed,cleaned,andpolished.Shealwaysreferredtothemas'theshiftingpopulation',fortheycameandwentwithsuchfrequencythatIneverevengotachancetolearntheirnames.referto談及，提到；與……相關(guān)(指的是)，涉及；查閱，參考referredreferringreferencen.提到；參考；查閱referto…as…把…稱為refer….to…把…提交給….；讓….參考….。theteacherreferredhimtothedictionary讓他查字典in/withreferenceto…關(guān)于referto表查閱時的賓語是bookdictionary等工具lookup表查閱時賓語是word,information等容whenIamfacedwithdifficulty,Iusuallychoosetorefertorelevantlearningmaterialsorwebpages.shiftingpopulation流動人口/floatingpopulationshiftv.tomovefromoneplacetoanother轉(zhuǎn)移；快速移動，稍微移動/改變；變換；改變觀點；換擋eg.Hestoodthereinanxiety,shiftingfromonefoottotheother.他不安地塵在那里，輪流交叉著雙腿。shiftattentionto將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到shiftemphasisto將重點轉(zhuǎn)移到[?emf?s?s]shiftfocusto將關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)移到learn通過努力或者某種行為去獲知Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas,inthosedays,anenlightenedpolicy,inthatsheneverallowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas……pursuewhatwasanenlightenedpolicy.whatwasanenlightenedpolicy.算得上是一項開明的政策what引導(dǎo)了一個賓語從句pursuev.尋求，遵循，追趕（逐）名詞pursuitpursueafriendlyandenlightenedpolicy奉行一項友好而開明的政策pursuehappinesspursuepleasurepursuefamepursuetruelovepursue指堅持不懈、毫不動搖地緊跟、追趕某人、某物或某個事業(yè)。trace指根據(jù)線索或足跡進行跟蹤。用于抽象意義時指找到某事物的根源。trail一般指跟蹤追擊。track指沿著人或動物留下的印跡或行跡追蹤。hunt原義為“追獵、獵取”，現(xiàn)用于指追捕或搜尋逃犯等。chase指快速追趕或決心追蹤，褒義貶義均可用。follow普遍用詞，含義最廣，多指跟隨起引導(dǎo)作用的人或物，跟隨的動機可以是善意的，也可能是惡意的?！璱nthatsheneverallowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.inthat因為，就在于…（從狹隘的一面或幾面說明原因或理由，含有推論條件的意思）eg.I’mnotusedtolivinginthecityinthatIwasbroughtupinthecountryside.注意整個句子的但是，放在了最后。但是是主句Whileshealwayscriticizedtheficklenessofhumannature,shecarriedonanunrelentingsearchfortheidealservanttotheendofherdays.evenaftershehadbeensadlydisillusionedbyBessie.carryon繼續(xù)，經(jīng)營，開展carryout進行，開展，執(zhí)行（計劃、命令），動手術(shù)，做實驗performanoperationon;Operateon動手術(shù)BessieworkedforAuntHarrietforthreeyears.Duringthattimeshesogainedmyaunt'sconfidence,thatshewasputinchargeofthedomesticstaff.shesogained…that==shegained…somuchthatso…that…結(jié)果狀從中，副詞so往往修飾副詞和形容詞，但是副詞當(dāng)然可以修飾動詞Hissadstorysotouchedusthatwenearlycried.Hesoadoreshisdaughtersthathekeepsbuyingthemexpensivetoys.Hehassoorganizedhislifethathiswifesuspectsnothing.魯迅的文章：生僻字多，或者活用多，這和他留學(xué)日本的經(jīng)歷相關(guān)Confidence信心；信任putsbinchargeofsth/putsbincontrolofsthput/placeconfidenceinsth/sb對…充分的信任putsbinanawkwardposition使人陷入尷尬的境地don’teverputmeinthispositionFuturehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometorecordthehistoryofourowntimes.beinauniqueposition 處于一個前所未有的境地beinagoodposition/situation 處于一個良好的境地beinanenviableposition處于令人羨慕的境地AuntHarrietcouldnotfindwordstopraiseBessie'sindustriousnessandefficiency.…couldnotfindwordstopraiseBassie…wordsfailtopraise所有的話語都不能用來表達和贊美她了Inadditiontoallherotherqualifications,Bessiewasanexpertcook.inadditionto…復(fù)合介詞，接名詞或動名詞aswell==besides==inaddition除此以外aswellas==besides==apartfrom==inadditionto除此之外（還有）（用作介詞）expertn.專家；行家；能手adj.熟練的；行的；老練的v.當(dāng)專家SheactedtheroleoftheperfectservantforthreeyearsbeforeAuntHarrietdiscoveredher'littleweakness'.Acttherole==playtherolePlaytherole扮演，起什么樣的作用。而act也可以有以上意思，但是act本身有行為，行動的意思。符合仆人的身份AfterbeingabsentfromTheGablesforaweek,myauntunexpectedlyreturnedoneafternoonwithapartyofguestsandinstructedBessietopreparedinner.AfterbeingabsentfromTheGablesforaweek…absentfrom……beabsentfromclass缺課beabsentfrommeeting沒有出席會議beabsentfromschool沒上學(xué)apartyofguest這里party是量詞一個派對那么多的客人上節(jié)課學(xué)到了load許多，在這里party要比load多一些Instruct1、指示;吩咐[正式]2、指導(dǎo)，教Notonlywasthemealwellbelowtheusualstandard,butBessieseemedunabletowalksteadily.wellbelow=farbelowwell:usedforemphasis用于強調(diào)wellbefore早在…之前wellbehind遠在什么之后eg.Itwaswellafter12o'clockwhenIarrived.直到12點過了，我才到。eg.Heiswellover50.他已經(jīng)五十好幾了。wellpleased十分滿意wellaware完全清楚eg.Trampsarewellawareoftheconsequencesofthewaytheychosetolive.Shebumpedintothefurnitureandkeptmumblingabouttheguests.Bumpvt&vi撞上n碰撞n腫塊，（路面）隆起部分mumblev.喃喃而語(vt.含糊地說；抿著嘴嚼vi.含糊地說話n.含糊的話；咕嚕)小嘴烏牛烏牛（老師的兒子）--Hemumbledsth.tomebutIcouldnothearwhathesaid.他對我咕噥了幾句，可是我沒聽清他說的什么。mumblern.說話含糊的人Whenshecameinwiththelastcourse-ahugepudding-shetrippedonthecarpetandthepuddingwentflyingthroughtheair,narrowlymissedmyaunt,andcrashedonthediningtablewithconsiderableforce.Whenshecameinwiththelastcourse-ahugepudding-shetripped…Coursen.過程；進程；道路，路線；一道菜trip1、短途旅行名詞和不及物動詞2、絆倒，絆vt&vitocausesbtofailorfail短語tripsbupeg.I'mtrippeduponthestepeg.Thequestionlookssimple,butthey'redesignedtotripyouup.由絆倒引申出出錯wentflying現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語，修飾的是went，怎樣的went，wenttofly則是目的狀語narrowly以豪禮只差narrowadj.狹窄的，有限的；勉強的；精密的n.海峽；狹窄部分，隘路vt.使變狹窄vi.變窄narrowlyadv.仔細地；勉強地；狹窄地；嚴密地crash

v.墜毀指車輛、飛機等猛烈撞擊障礙物、地面等，常伴有毀滅性的后果：（動詞和名詞性）--It

is

said

that

there

is

an

airplane

that

crashed

in

the

mountains.collisionn.碰撞collide

vi

碰撞,抵觸（相沖突）--The

plane

collided

with

the

mountain.1、交通工具或人碰撞、相撞或撞上~(withsth/sb)2、~(withsb)(oversth)(formal)(ofpeople,theiropinions,etc.人、意見等)嚴重不一致；相沖突；抵觸conflict

vi.（兩種思想、信仰、說法等）和某事（某人）相抵觸（相沖突）--My

idea

conflicts

with

yours.n1、[C,U]~(betweenAandB)|~(oversth)沖突；爭執(zhí)；爭論2、（軍事）沖突；戰(zhàn)斗clash

vi.相沖突--His

wedding

clashed

with

my

examination,so

I

couldn't

go.（以下釋義全部都有動詞和名詞性）1、（打斗fight）~(withsb)|~(betweenAandB)（兩群人之間的）打斗，打架，沖突2、（爭論argument）~(withsb)(oversth)|~(betweenAandB)(oversth)3、（差異difference）差別；差異；分歧（同義詞：conflict）4、（兩件事oftwoevents）（時間上的）沖突，矛盾5、（顏色ofcolours）不協(xié)調(diào)；不和諧；搭配不當(dāng)Thoughthiscausedgreatmirthamongtheguests,AuntHarrietwashorrified.ShereluctantlycametotheconclusionthatBes