熱點(diǎn)20洪水及山體滑坡的危害(原卷)備戰(zhàn)中考英語(yǔ)考前時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題閱讀題型專練(全國(guó)通用)

備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語(yǔ)考前時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)話題閱讀+題型專練熱點(diǎn)20洪水及山體滑坡的危害一、閱讀理解1Everyyearlandslidescause25to50deathsand$2billionindamageintheUnitedStates.AndinDecember,asingleeventkilledmorethan2000peopleinthePhilippines.Sendingworkerstostabilizemountainsidesusingsteelbarscanhelpalot,butitintroducesnewdifficultiesbecauseofdustandloosenheavy,dangerousdebrisfromthework.“It’saquitedangerousjob,〞saysGiorgioPezzutoofD’Appolonia,workingwitheightothercompanies.Nowtheremaybeananswer:athree-tonrobotcalledRoboclimber.“Theideaistooperateamachinefarawaythatcandothestabilizingjobwithoutahumanbeingnear,〞saysPezzuto,managerfortheproject,whichissupportedbyaEuropeanorganization.Engineerssaythatthemachinewillbefasterandcheaperthanmanuallabor.Therobot,alargeradio-controlledfour-leggedspider,hascostatleast$2millionsofar.Itshouldbeabletoclimbmountainsides,drillholesandinsertsteelbarsthere.TestingshouldbegininMay.1.Theunderlinedword“event〞r(shí)efersto_____A.earthquakeB.debrisC.dustD.landslide2.Thepurposeinwritingthistextis_____A.totellpeoplehowseriousthedamagecausedbylandslidesisB.totellpeoplethatsendingworkerstostabilizemountainsidesisadangerousjobC.toshowpeoplehowtouseanewrobotD.tointroduceanewrobotthatcanbeusedtostabilizemountainsides3.Whatdoestherobotlooklike?A.humanbeingB.spiderC.steelbarD.adrill4.Alandslidescause_____________indamageintheUnitedStatesEveryyear.A.25to50deathsB.morethan2000peoplediedC.$2billionD.bothAandC5.Thebiggestadvantageofthisproductisthat____A.itwillbefasterandcheaperthanmanuallaborB.itcanclimbmountainsides,drillholesandinsertsteelbarsthere.C.itcandothestabilizingjobwithouthumanbeingsnearD.itislikeaspider2Whenthethreechildrenarrivedatthetunnel,theylookedupatthetreesaboveit.“What'shappening?〞Petersaid,“Lookatthetrees.They’removing.〞Hewasright.Thetreeswereslidingdownthehill.“It’salandslide,〞Robertasaid."Therehasbeenalotofrain.Theearthissoft.Itismovingandbringingthetreeswithit."“Theyaregoingtofallontherailwayline,〞Phyllissaid.“There’llbeanaccidentifthetrainhitsthem.Wemuststopthenexttrain.〞“Howdowedothat?〞Petersaid.“Thenexttrainisarrivingat11:29.That’sinfiveminutes.Andthetrainisonlyaboutfifteenkilometersaway.〞“Wecanruntowardsthetrainandwavetothedriver,〞Phyllissaid.“Hewon'tthinkthereisanythingwrong,〞Robertasaid.“Wealwayswavetohim.〞“Weneedsomethingredtowave,〞Petersaid.“Redisfordanger.〞“Myskirtisred,〞Phyllissaid.“I’lltearpiecesoff.〞“Motherwillbeangryifyoudothat,〞Robertasaid.“Skirtsareexpensive.〞“Peoplemaydieifthereisanaccident,〞Petersaid.“Skirtsaren'timportant.〞Phyllistorestrips(條)fromthebottomofherskirt.“Weneedstickstotiethestripsto,〞Petersaid.Thechildrenrantoanearbytree.Withhisknife,Petercutoffthreethinbranches.Hetiedeachofthestripsofredskirttooneofthebranches.“Nowwehaveredflags,〞hesaid.“Whenwewavethese,theenginedriverwillknowsomethingiswrong.Hewillstopthetrainandaskuswhatthematteris.〞Thechildrenranthroughthetunnelandwaitedattheothersideforthetraintocome.Theyhadtowaitforalongtime.Peterthoughtthewatchmustbewrong,butitwasthetrainthatwaslate.Then,thetrainarrived.Thechildrenwavedtheirflags.Robertawassoexcitedthatshefainted(暈).Theenginedriversawtheredflagsandthechildren.Heknewsomethingwaswrong.Hestoppedthetrain.PeterandPhyllisrantowardstheengine.Theyshoutedtothedriverthatthereweretreesontheline.Theenginedriverclimbeddownfromhisengine.HehurriedtowhereRobertawaslyingonthegroundinafaint.Hepickedherupandcarriedhertothetrainandputherinacomfortablecarriage.6.Howdidthelandslidecomeintobeing(形成)?A.Theearthwastoothintoholdthetrees. B.Theheavyrainwashedtheearthaway.C.Themovingtrainshooktheearthdown. D.Peoplecutdownmanytreesonthehill.7.WhatwasthedangeraccordingtoPhyllis?A.Thetrainwasrunningtoofast. B.Therewouldbeatrainaccident.C.Thechildrenwerewalkingontherailway. D.Thelandslidewascomingtoanend.8.WhatdoesPetermeanbysaying“Skirtsaren'timportant.〞?A.Thatkindofskirtsaren'tpopular. B.Thatkindofskirtsaren'texpensive.C.People'slivesaremoreimportant. D.Childrendon'tneedexpensiveskirts.9.WhatwouldhappentoRobertaintheend?A.Shewaskilled. B.Shehadanewwatch.C.Shemovedthetrees. D.Shewassaved.3Thisspring,thetownofOsosawtwicetheusualrainfall.Whenthesunfinallyshone,LoAnnaandKris'sthreeolderkidsranoutside.Inside,LoAnnanursedtheirfour-month-oldKristian.SuddenlyLoAnnaheardaloudnoise.Sherushedoutsideintimetoseeahalf-mile-widemudandsandthunderingdownthehilltowardthem,knockingoverhundredsoftrees.Mudslide(泥流)!LoAnnagatheredeveryoneintothebedroomfarthestfromthefallinghillsideandwaited.KrisgotacallfromLoAnna,Hehurriedlydrovehome.Highway530wascoveredwiththicksand,fallentrees.Krishadtorunhome.Themudcameuptohisknees.Suddenlyheheardawomanscreamingforhelp.Hepulledthroughmud,overpiecesofhousestothesourceofthecries.Atfirst,hesawanarmreachingupthroughthedebris.There,awoman,buriedunderpiecesofwalls.furniture,andtrees.washoldingababy.Finally,hefreedthebaby.Bythistime,othercitizenshadcome.Aftersavingthewoman,Krismovedon.Hewasstillamilefromhome.Aheadlaytwofallenhouses.Heheardamoan.Steppingtowardthehouse,Krisnearlykilledhimselfinthemud.Anoldermanwastrappedinhousedebris.HewastwiceKrissweight.He'dhavetowaitformorehelp.Justthen,Krisheardanothermanmoaningfromthesecondhouse.Krispulledawaysomepiecesofthehouse,butthemanwasburiedtoodeeplyforhim.Hearinghelicopter(直升飛機(jī))ontheroof,Krisclimbedup,metamemberofthesearch-and-rescueteamandledhimtothefirstman.Thenheheadedbackandkeptdigginguntilhecouldturnthesecondmanover.Aftertherestoftheteamarrived,Krismovedontofindhisfamily.Krisfinallyreachedhome.Itwasflooded,butthemudhadstoppedjustshyofthehouse.Histruckwasgone,aswereLoAnnaandtheothers.Hecheckedcarsandhousesnearbyforsurvivors,thenrantothecommandcenter.Notlongafterhearrived,hesawhistruckcomingdowntheroad.LoAnnajumpedout.KriswaspraisedbytheRedCrossforhisheroics.10.Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsisto.A.createanunusualsettingofthestoryB.introducethecentralideaofthestoryC.describeaturningpointofthestoryD.reviewthemaincharacterofthestory11.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.Krisfoundamanburiedtoodeeplyforhim.b.Krisheardawomanscreamingforhelp.c.Krisledarescuemembertosavetheolderman.d.KrisfoundLoAnna,kidsandhistruckgone.e.Kriswasnearlykilledinthemud.A.beacdB.badecC.aecbdD.aedbc12.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A.Krissavedthreepersonsinall.B.Krissavedthebabybyhimself.C.Krispulledthefirstmanoutofmud.D.Krisfoundsomesurvivorsnearhishouse.13.Whichsentencebestshowsthecentralthemeinthetext?A.KrisgotacallfromLoAnna.B.Hewasstillamilefromhome.C.Hesawhistruckcomingdowntheroad.D.KriswaspraisedbytheRedCrossforhisheroics.4Asparents,youcanhelpchildrendealwiththefearofnaturaldisasters(自然災(zāi)害)andhelpprotectthemfrombeinghurtbytellingthemhowdisastershappen,andwhattodowhendisastershappen.Herearesometipsforyou:Findoutwhatdisastersarepossibleinyourareabyvisitingyourlocallibrary.Thinkaboutwhereyourfamilyshouldgoifyourhouseisdestroyed.Teachchildrenthewarningsignsandsignalsinyourareaandpracticewhattodoifadisasterhappens.Onceyouknowthedanger,askyourchildrentohelpcheckthesafetyinyourhouse.Youandyourchildrencanalsoworktogetheronadisasterplanandprepareadisasterboxwithfood,waterandnecessarytools.Ifadisasterdoeshappen,payattentiontoyourchildren’sbehavior.Changesinbehavior,forexample,actingstrangely,meanthatyourchildrenneedhelp.Allowchildrentosharetheirfeelingsaboutwhathashappenedsuchasdrawingapictureorwritingastory.Letfriendsandneighborshelpyouiftheycan.Continuetotellyourchildrenthattheyareloved.14.Thepassagewaswrittenfor________.A.students B.parents C.policemen D.doctors15.Whenweprepareforanaturaldisaster,whichofthefollowingisnecessary?A.Adisasterbox B.Findingchangesinbehavior.C.Sharingfeelings D.Drawingpictures.16.Whatarethelastfourtipsmainlyabout?A.Whatparentscandobeforeadisasterhappens. B.WhatparentscandowhenadisasterhappensC.Children’sbehaviorbeforeadisasterhappens D.Children’sbehaviorafteradisasterhappens.17.Wheremayyoureadthepassagefrom?A.Anewspaperabouthistory B.AbookondrawingandwritingC.Abookaboutchildren’sbodylanguage D.Anarticleabouthumanbeingsanddisasters5InlateMaythisyear,strongstormspassedthroughMiami-DadeCounty,Florida,USA.Thefloods(洪水)turnedroadsintobrownrivers.Whenstormdrainsgetpluggedup(雨水下水道被堵塞),rainwaterbuildsuponthestreets.It’stheleadingcauseofweather—relateddeathsintheUnitedStates.Ateamoflocalmiddleschoolstudentsmadeaplanforsolvingthisproblem.Theyaresixth-gradestudentsAlyssaNeuber,BiancaVerriandJosePirela,allfromDowntownDoralUpperSchool.Withthehelpoftheirscienceteacher,theyinventedadevice(裝置)towarncityworkerswhenandwherethereisadangerofflooding.Bianca,oneoftheteammembers,said,“Allofushaveexperiencedproblemswithflooding,andweknewwehadtodosomethingaboutit.〞Oneteacherattheschoolsaid,“FloodsarecommoninSouthFlorida,andstudentsatourschoolhopetheirdevicewillhelp.〞Thestudents’deviceusesalasersystem(激光系統(tǒng)).Whenconnectedtostormdrains,thedevicecouldwarnthecityworkersifadrainispluggedup.Thenthecityworkerscouldcleanthedrainatonce.Theirprojectgotsupportfrommanypeople.“Ourclassmateshelpedusinthebeginningtofindinformationabouthowtousethelasersystem,〞saidtheteam.“Weeachtookonataskthatwearegoodatandthenstartedtoworkmorecloselywithourscienceteacher.Classparentswhowereengineersalsohelpedusalot.〞Duringtheprocess(過(guò)程)thestudentslearnedhowtoworktogetherasateamandtrusteachother.Eachmemberputinalotofeffortandfinallytheymadeit.18.Howmanystudentsworkedtogethertoinventthedevice?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five.19.Whatdoesthedeviceusetowarncityworkers?A.Aninternetsystem. B.Alasersystem. C.TeamCooperation(合作)Spirit20.Whatdidthestudentslearnwhiletheywereinventingthedevice?A.Thescienceteacheristhemostimportantofalltheteachers.B.Classparentscanalwayshelpthemwhenevertheyareintrouble.C.Howtoworktogetherasateamandtrusteachother.21.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.NewInventiontoAvoidFloods. B.ThreeStudents. C.ADevicetoWarnCityWorkers二、完型填空1Whatcanpeopledowhennaturaldisasters(災(zāi)難)happen?Canwestopthem?No,wecan’t.Theonlythingwecandoistocleanupafterthedisasters.LastyearImetMr.Flood.Itstartedrainingand22rainingalmostamonth:thewateronthestreetsgothigherandhighereveryday.Weused23insteadofcars.Welostlotsofthings,includingourbusinesses,ourjobsandourhomes.Schools24andfarmsweredestroyed.Weranoutoffoodandcleanwater.Insomeplacesthewaterwashigherthanthebuildings.Ifeltlikewelivedina(n)25world.Becauseoftheflood,lotsof26brokeout.Somepeopledied.Thesoilandotherthingsmadethewaterbecomevery,very27.Thatwasinsummertime,sothoughitwasraining,the28wasstillhigh.Thehotweatheranddirtywatermadetheairverybad.Hospitalsdidn’thaveenoughroomsfor29.Whenthefloodwasover,Ilookedaroundmycity.Theword“30〞candescribethesituation.Everythingwasdestroyedandlotsofpeopleweresick,butwewereverystrong,Ithink.Wehadto31ourcity,takecareofthesickpeople,andstartourschoolsagain.Ijusthopethatoneday,peoplecanstopthenaturaldisasterswhenevertheyhappen.Afterall,peopleareveryclever.22.A.kept B.finished C.stopped D.had23.A.bikes B.trains C.boats D.ships24.A.started B.closed C.opened D.start25.A.water B.fire C.ice D.apple26.A.happiness B.illnesses C.hardness D.hard27.A.dirty B.clean C.clear D.health28.A.temperature B.weather C.water D.food29.A.nurses B.doctors C.patients D.doctor30.A.sad B.beautiful C.good D.happy31.A.rebuild B.return C.remain D.fetch2Itwas3:43.Thunderwascrashingandtherainwaspouring.Suddenlymyfatherrushedintomyroom.“Adam!Adam!Getup!We’reflooding!〞heshoutedandshookmebytheshoulders.Thatwoke32up!Irandownstairstothebasement.Itwaslikeaswimmingpool.MymotherandIimmediatelystartedtopickupthingsandtakethemupstairs.Ihadno33on,somyfeetwerequitefreezing.Thingsgotworseeveryminute.Withinthenexthour,wehadmovedeverythingthatwecouldtothefirstfloor.Thecomputer,big-screentelevisionandheavyboxes34withourmostvaluablethingsweretakentosafety.35,ourpiano,sofa,washingmachineandwaterheaterwereallstilldownthere—being36Therewasnothingwecoulddo.Thatwasthehardestpart.Knowingthatyourhomeisbeingdestroyedisbadenough,but37thatyoucan’tdoanythingtostopitfeelsevenworse.Waterhadcomeinourfrontdoor.Rescue38werefloatinginourstreets.Mothertoldmetopackanovernightbagofclothesandvaluablesandgetreadytoleave.Whenitwas39safetowalkoutside,allthepeopleintheneighborhood40atthestreetcorner.Peoplebecamefriends,andfriendsbecamelikefamily.People41eachother.WelearnedlaterthattheNationalWeatherServicehaddeclaredthestormaflashflood.Ireallyhave42somethingfromthisflood.I’velearnedwhatdestructionis.Ihavelearnedwhat43means.Iknowinthefuture,whenIwatchpeople’slivesaffectedbynaturaldisasters,Icanunderstandthem.IwillshowgreatpityonthemandIwilldowhatIcantohelpthem.32.A.himB.themC.herD.me33.A.hatB.shoesC.jacketD.glasses34.A.coveredB.crowdedC.filledD.fixed35.A.SoB.AndC.BecauseD.However36.A.discoveredB.arranged