一輪學(xué)案選擇性必修第一冊uNIT4BODYLANGUAGE

UNIT4BODYLANGUAGE(主題語境:人與自我——生活與學(xué)習(xí))核心考點課堂突破1.varyvi.(根據(jù)情況)變化;改變[教材原句]Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.(P38)就像口頭語言一樣,肢體語言因文化而異。語境巧練[單句語法填空](1)(2018·北京卷)Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerare(vary).(2)Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoiningina(vary)ofactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.(3)Themeaningofsilence(vary)amongculturalgroups.(4)Thepricesvary10yuan100yuan.(5)Theseshoesvarysizeandcolor.(6)Asyouknow,thepricesofvegetablesvaryseasons.考點必記(1)varyfrom...to...從……到……變化varywith...隨……而變化varyfrompersontoperson因人而異varyin在……方面不同varyintheopinions意見不一varyinprice價格差異varyinsize大小不同varyinstyle風(fēng)格多樣(2)varietyn.多樣化;品種,種類avarietyof各種各樣的(3)variousadj.各種各樣的[名師點津]various與diverse意義相近,variety與diversity意義相近。2.approvevi.贊成;同意vt.批準(zhǔn);通過[教材原句]Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.(P38)相反,在另一些國家,眼神交流并不總是被認(rèn)可。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)(2018·江蘇卷)Itfoundmanyyoungstersnowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublic(approve)theygetonline,oftenthrough“l(fā)ikes”.(2)—What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?—(disapprove).(3)Iapproveofyour(try)toearnsomemoney,butpleasemakesureyourstudydoesn’tsuffer.(4)Ifourplancan’t(approve),allourworkwillhavebeenwasted.[翻譯句子](5)希望我的提議能得到您的贊成?？键c必記(1)approvesth批準(zhǔn)某事approveofsth贊成某事approveofsbdoingsth贊成某人做某事(2)approvaln.贊成;同意withone’sapproval/meetwithone’sapproval經(jīng)某人同意withoutapproval未經(jīng)認(rèn)可approvingadj.贊成的(3)disapprovaln.不贊成;譴責(zé)disapprovingadj.不贊成的[名師點津]英語中有很多動詞加al變?yōu)槊~形式,常見的有:approve→approvalsurvive→survivalarrive→arrivalrefuse→refusalrevive→revival3.employvt.使用;應(yīng)用;雇用[教材原句]InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(P38)在日本,有人看到另一個人用這個手勢,可能認(rèn)為這意味著錢。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)(2019·全國Ⅰ卷)Modernmethodsfortrackingpolarbearpopulations(employ)onlysincethemid-1980s...(2)Graduatesarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttofind(employ).[小話題寫作](3)要成為優(yōu)等生,你需要更有效地利用你的時間。Tobeatopstudent,youneedtomoreefficiently.考點必記(1)employsb雇用某人employsth使用某物(2)employeen.雇員employern.雇主(3)employmentn.使用;職業(yè);雇用unemploymentn.失業(yè)unemploymentrate失業(yè)率[名師點津]employ以“元音+y”結(jié)尾,因此它的過去式和過去分詞均為employed。類似的規(guī)則動詞還有:destroy,enjoy,stay,play等。4.differvi.相異;不同于[教材原句]Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.(P38)甚至我們用來表示“是”與“不是”的手勢,在世界各地也不同。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)Studieshaveshownthattherightandleftearprocesssound(different).[句式升級](2)Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.→Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”aroundtheworld.(3)Changingschoolshasmadeagreatdifferencetohislife.→Thedifferencethatchangingschooltohislifeisgreat.[完成句子](4)漢娜是許多正在改變世界的年輕人中的一個例子。Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoareintheworld.考點必記(1)differfrom...=bedifferentfrom...與……不相同differin...=bedifferentin...在……方面有區(qū)別differwithsbabout/on/over...與某人在某方面意見不一致(2)differentadj.不同的differentlyadv.不同地differencen.差別;影響;不同makea/some/little/much/nodifference(tosb/sth)(對某人/某物)有/有些/幾乎沒有/有很大/沒有影響[名師點津]makeadifference這個詞組是高考的常見詞組,注意其考查方式往往是把詞組拆開以定語從句的形式考查。5.bycomparison(與……)相比較[教材原句]Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.(P38)相比之下,在保加利亞和阿爾巴尼亞南部,這兩種手勢的含義是相反的。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)—(2020·浙江卷)HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?—Bymakinga(compare).(2)(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Itissaidthatabout20%of25-34-year-oldslivewiththeirparents,(compare)with16%in1991.[小話題寫作](3)與美國等發(fā)達國家相比,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率仍很低。AgriculturalproductivityremainedlowadvancedcountriesliketheUnitedStates.考點必記(1)makeacomparison作比較beyondcomparison無與倫比by/incomparisonwith與……相比(2)compareAwith/toB把A和B作比較(常用作狀語)comparedwith/to...與……相比compareto/with比得上compareAtoB將A比作Bcomparenotes交換意見或看法[名師點津]bycontrast與bycomparison意義相近。6.favourvt.較喜歡;選擇;有利于n.幫助;恩惠;贊同[教材原句]Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.(P38)在其他地方,人們見面時更喜歡握手,彎腰鞠躬或者點頭。語境巧練[單句語法填空](1)Itisn’tmyduty;IhavedonethatjustafavourforTom.[小情境寫作](2)當(dāng)被問及他們對校長的意見時,許多老師都希望看到他讓位來支持年輕人。Whenaskedabouttheiropinionsabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepasideyoungermen.(3)父母不應(yīng)該偏愛孩子們中的任何一個。Parentsshouldnot.考點必記(1)dosbafavour幫某人一個忙asksbafavour=askafavourofsb請某人幫忙return/repaythefavour還人情owesbafavour欠某人人情infavourof支持,贊同inone’sfavour對某人有利dosthasafavour(forsb)幫某人做某事(2)favourableadj.贊許的;稱贊的favouredadj.受到優(yōu)待的;受寵的favouriteadj.最喜愛的7.breakdown消除;分解;打破[教材原句]Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.(P39)一個微笑可以打破障礙。語境巧練[詞義匹配]A.(身體或精神)垮掉B.拋錨,壞掉C.消除;分解;打破(1)(2020·天津卷)Jones’ideahasbeenfullyrealized—the“HAPPYTOCHAT”bencheshelpbreakdowntheinvisiblesocialbarrierthatkeepspeoplefromsayinghello.(2)Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreakdownindisasters.(3)Hebrokedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.[小話題寫作](4)這兩個國家將舉行會議,以打破兩國之間的一些貿(mào)易壁壘。Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettototradebetweenthem.考點必記(1)breakdown是一個多義短語,還可表示“(身體或精神)垮掉;拋錨,壞掉”。Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystembrokedown.因為空調(diào)壞了,他只好不時地停下來擦前額的汗。(2)breakup拆散,分開;驅(qū)散,解散;分手breakin強行闖入,侵入;插話breakoff折斷;中斷;停止說話;(工作中)稍作休息breakthrough突破8.tendencyn.趨勢;傾向[教材原句]Peoplehaveatendencytoleantowardswhatevertheyareinterestedin.(P44)人們往往傾向于自己感興趣的東西。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)Somepeopletend(look)downupondisabledpeopleandregardthemasunfitforaregularlife.[句式升級](2)Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellstendtoagemoreslowlythanaman’s.→Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellstoagemoreslowlythanaman’s.考點必記(1)haveatendencytodosth有做……的傾向correctatendency糾正傾向observeatendency觀察趨勢downwardtendency下降的趨勢thetendencyinEnglishteaching英語教學(xué)的趨勢thetendencytowards...……的趨勢(2)tendvi.往往會;常常就tendtodosth往往會[名師點津]tendency的近義詞是trend。9.with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)[教材原句]Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.(P44)他們兩手托著下巴,忙著盯著窗外或天花板。語境巧練[單句語法填空](1)(2019·江蘇卷)China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.(2)Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.(3)mycollegeyearscomingtoanend,IhavetodecidewhatIwanttodoafterIgraduate.[句式升級](4)Becauseourlessonswereover,wewenttoplayfootball.→,wewenttoplayfootball.考點必記(1)Withtheirchinsontheirhands是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),其中介詞短語ontheirhands作賓語補足語。(2)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由“with+賓語+賓語補足語”構(gòu)成,用作賓語補足語的常有形容詞、副詞、名詞、非謂語動詞和介詞短語。(3)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語表示動作正在進行,和賓語之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。(4)過去分詞作賓語補足語表示動作已經(jīng)完成,和賓語是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,也就是被動關(guān)系。(5)動詞不定式作賓語補足語表示動作暫時沒有發(fā)生,有將來的含義。10.occupyvt.占據(jù);占用[教材原句]Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.(P44)他們兩手托著下巴,忙著盯著窗外或天花板。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)I’msorryIcouldn’treplytoyouremailwhichyousentmeaweekagoimmediately.Iwasso(occupy)withgoingovermylessonsformyfinalexam.(2)Thinkaboutyour(occupy)honestlyanddecidewhetheritgivesyouroomforlifebalance.[翻譯句子](3)Problemsatworkcontinuedtooccupyhismindforsometime.考點必記(1)occupyoneselfwith=beoccupiedwith忙于occupyoneselfindoing=beoccupiedindoing忙于(2)occupyanapartment住進住所occupyacountry占領(lǐng)一個國家occupyanimportantpost占據(jù)重要位置occupysb’smind縈繞在某人的心頭(3)occupationn.職業(yè);占據(jù);消遣underoccupation被占領(lǐng)changesb’soccupation換工作chooseanoccupation挑選職業(yè)11.havesthdone[教材原句]Soifastudenthashisheadloweredtolookathiswatch,itimpliesheisboredandjustcountingtheminutesfortheclasstoend.(P44)因此,如果一個學(xué)生低下頭看表,這意味著他很無聊,只是在數(shù)著分鐘等下課。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)(2018·天津卷)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph(take).(2)—Youlookupset.What’sthematter?—Ihadmyproposal(turn)downagain.(3)TheBrownshaveacomfortablehouse(live)in.(4)Clairehadherluggage(check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.(5)JennyhopesthatMrSmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish(improve)inashortperiod.考點必記(1)“havesthdone”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“使某事被做”“請某人做某事”或“遭遇,遭受某事”。其中,過去分詞在句中作賓語補足語,表示被動含義。(2)havesbdosth讓某人做某事havesthtodo有某事要做12.conflictn.矛盾;沖突vi.沖突;抵觸[教材原句]Itcouldbethatsheishavingseriousconflictswithotherstudentsorathome.(P44)可能是她正和其他學(xué)生或家里人有很嚴(yán)重的矛盾。語境巧練[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空](1)Thereare(conflict)viewsaboutwhatcausedtheaccident.[小話題寫作](2)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在將來擇業(yè)的問題上與父母存在著分歧。Shefoundherselfherparentsoverherfuturecareer.考點必記(1)comeintoconflictwith與……沖突;與……戰(zhàn)斗inconflictwith與……有沖突,與……有矛盾aconflictofinterest利害沖突armedconflicts武裝沖突(2)AconflictswithB/AandBconflictA和B相沖突(3)conflictinginterests利益沖突13.adjustvt.調(diào)整;調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.適應(yīng);(使)習(xí)慣[教材原句]Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhentoadjustclassactivities,whentointervene,andwhentotalktostudentsindividually,sotheycanallgetthemostoutofschool.(P44)他們的肢體語言告訴我何時調(diào)整課堂活動,何時介入,何時與學(xué)生單獨交談,這樣他們就能在學(xué)校里得到最大的收獲。語境巧練[單句語法填空](1)Forexample,themomentyougetontheairplane,startadjustingyourbiologicalclockthedestination’stime.(2)Someschoolswillhavetomakefew(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.(3)Theheightoftheseseatsare(adjust).考點必記(1)adjust...to...根據(jù)……調(diào)節(jié)……adjustto(doing)sth適應(yīng)于;習(xí)慣于adjustoneselftosth使自己適應(yīng)于某物(2)adjustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的(3)adjustmentn.調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)makeadjustmentsto...對……做出調(diào)整14.reactvi.(對……)起反應(yīng);回應(yīng);(對食物等)有不良反應(yīng)[教材原句]Reactingtobodylanguageisanimportantcomponentofbeingateacher.(P44)對肢體語言做出回應(yīng)是作為一名老師一個重要的環(huán)節(jié)。語境巧練[單句語法填空](1)(2019·浙江卷)TheywerenotsurehowtheAmericanswouldreactthenewtypeofmusic.(2)Whatwasthe(react)ofthepublictoMrsRobinson’sdecision?[小話題寫作](3)這一事件已經(jīng)在國際金融市場上引起了連鎖反應(yīng)。Theeventhassetoffintheinternationalmoneymarket.(4)他從不攢錢,他父親反對那種做法。Heneversavesmoneyandhisfatherthat.考點必記(1)reactto對……做出反應(yīng)reactagainst反抗;反對(2)reactionn.反應(yīng)chainreaction連鎖反應(yīng)firstreaction第一反應(yīng)anaturalreaction自然反應(yīng)anemotionalreaction情緒化的反應(yīng)apositivereaction積極的反應(yīng)afavourablereaction贊許的反應(yīng)mixedreactions褒貶不一的反應(yīng)adelayedreaction延時反應(yīng)thepublicreaction公眾反應(yīng)隨堂鞏固遷移運用Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awide(vary)ofapples.2.Myfatherseldompraisesme,soIhavelongbeeneagerforhis(approve).3.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseeking(employ)inengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.4.(2020·天津卷)Afteryearsofobservinghumannature,Ihavedecidedthattwoqualitiesmakethe(differ)betweenmenofgreatachievementandmenofaverageperformance:curiosityanddiscontent.5.Itisdifficulttomakea(compare)withherpreviousbook—theyarecompletelydifferent.6.Carbondioxide,whichmakesbarrierbetweenusandthesun,preventsheatfromgettingoutoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearthisbecomingwarmer.7.Wetend(have)abettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappealtoouremotionsthanforstraightfacts.8.Youwillbeaskedtofillinaformwithdetailsofyourbirthand(occupy).9.Shewentthroughaperiodofemotional(adjust)afterhermarriagebrokeup.10.Thereisa(tend)forthisdiseasetoruninfamilies.Ⅱ.選詞或短語填空react,assess,adjust,inquire,anxious,barrier,appropriate,breakdownWhenpeoplestudyabroad,theywillmeetalotofproblemsandneedto1.some2.,forexample,thelanguagebarrier.However,differentpersonalitieswillbringaboutdifferent3.tothenewsurroundings.Feeling4.isquitenatural.Generally,theyaresupposedtomake5.andinferencesandmake6.7.accordingly.Some8.fromtheformerstudentsarealsonecessary.Ⅲ.微語境寫作請根據(jù)下面提示,寫一篇有關(guān)手勢語的短文。詞數(shù)80左右。1.手勢是很有用的交流方式,但是手勢因文化不同而有所差異。(gesture,communication,differ)2.比如,我們向別人點頭表示同意他/她的觀點,但在某些國家點頭很可能表示不同意。(nod,agree)3.大多數(shù)情況下,西方人見面時會親吻對方的臉頰,而這在中國被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的。(case,kiss,consider,rude)4.所以,如果你身處國外,了解手勢是非常重要的。(vital,haveanunderstanding)5.畢竟,要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗嘛!(afterall)UNIT4BODYLANGUAGE核心考點·課堂突破1.(1)various(2)variety(3)varies(4)from;to(5)in(6