Unit8講義人教版英語八年級上冊

八年級上冊Unit8可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化①一般情況下，再次為加_______。bookbooks②以字母_____________結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加______。glassglassesfoxfoxeswishwisheswatchwatches③以_____或_____結(jié)尾的名詞，把_____或____變?yōu)開__，再加______.leafleaveshalfhalvesselfselveswifewivesknifekniveswolfwolvesshelfshelvesthiefthieveslifelives樹葉半數(shù)自己黃，妻子拿刀去殺狼，架后小刀逃命忙。注意：roofroofsbeliefbeliefsproofproofshandkerchiefhandkerchiefs④以______________結(jié)尾的名詞，先變___為____，再加_____。familyfamiliesladyladiescitycities⑤以o結(jié)尾加es的名詞：黑人英雄愛吃西紅柿和土豆（口訣）NegroNegroesheroheroestomatotomatoespotatopotatoes以o結(jié)尾加s的名詞：我聽廣播，也看到了電視錄像，說動物園里的袋鼠彈著鋼琴吸引游客來照相。（口訣）radioradiosvideovideoszoozooskangarookangaroospianopianosphotophotos可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化①改___為____manmenwomanwomenEnglishmanEnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmenpolicemanpolicemen②改_____為_____footfeettoothteethgoosegeese③在詞尾加_____或_____childchildrenoxoxen④其他特殊變化Mousemicelouselice注意：GermanGermanshumanhumansChineseChineseJapaneseJapanesefishfishdeerdeersheepsheep復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：trafficlighttrafficlightswomandoctorwomendoctors不可數(shù)名詞及其量的表示方法①不可數(shù)名詞包括：物質(zhì)名詞食物bread,meat,rice,cheese,fish,beef飲料milk,water,cola,coffee,wine,tea自然物質(zhì)air,soil,sand,wood,coal抽象名詞情感l(wèi)ove,peace,friendship,joy,happiness概念exercise,knowledge,energy,population學(xué)科math,geography,physics,chemistry②不可數(shù)名詞的量的表示方法：基數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞apieceofnewstwopiecesofnewsadropofinkthreedropsofinkabottleofmilkfivebottlesofmilkabagofricetwentybagsofrice可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別及其應(yīng)用①可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可以用a(n)修飾，復(fù)數(shù)可以用基數(shù)詞及some、any、few、afew、many、alotof等來修飾。不可數(shù)名詞不能直接用數(shù)詞修飾，需用“基數(shù)詞+量詞+of”結(jié)構(gòu)修飾，也可以用some、any、little、alittle、much、alotof等來修飾。②用howmany詢問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的多少；用howmuch詢問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的多少。③單個的單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用_______，多個單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用_______。不可數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用_______。但當(dāng)其前有“基數(shù)詞+量詞+of”時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。表示順序的副詞①First,...Next,...Then,...Finally,...首先……接下來……然后……最后……First,takeoutapieceofpaper.Next,writeyournameonit.Then,writedownthewordsontheblackboard.Finally,handitin.②First,...Second,...Third,...第一……第二……第三……③Foronething...Foranother...一方面……另一方面……Foronething,theseshoesdon’tsuityou.Foranother,theyaretooexpensive.turnon①turnonvs.Open詞條意思反義詞turnon打開（電燈、煤氣、自來水、電器等之類的開關(guān)等）turnoffopen打開（門、窗、箱等）closeIt’stoodark.Whydon’tyou_____________thelight?②turnoffPleaseturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.Beagreenerperson.③turnupIcan'thearclearly,pleaseturnuptheradio.Hedidn'tturnupuntilhalfanhourlater.④turndownMr.Chen,mykidissleeping.Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradio?Sorry.I’lldoitatonce.Whydidheturndownyourinvitationthatday?Becausehehadanimportantmeeting.cutup①IwanttomakeRussiansoup.Couldyoupleasecutupthetomatoesforme?②cutsthinhalf/two___________________cutdown_____________cutoff______________cutin______________o①o_______________Pleasepourthewaterintothebowl.②intovs.ino意為“進(jìn)入”，是表示動態(tài)的介詞；in意為“在……內(nèi)”，是表示靜態(tài)的介詞。Shewalkedintotheroom.Sheiswalkingintheroom.b.在put、throw、break、lay、fall等動詞之后，既可以用in，也可以用into，此時in也表示動態(tài)，常含有into的意思。Heputallthebooksin/intothebag.c.in可以用作副詞，into則不能。ein!anotherHewantsthreemoreapples.=Hewants_________________apples.Ineedtwomorepiecesofpaper.=Ineed________________________ofpaper.need①Heneedssomehelp.②Youneedtowearmoreclothes.③Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.④Musthego?No,heneedn’t.注意：對于need開頭的疑問句，肯定回答一般用need，否定回答一般用needn’t.add①ShallIaddyournametothelist?Add9tothetotal.“Anddon'tbelate,”sheadded.②addsthinRemembertoaddinthecostofdrinks.③addsthon(tosth)Aservicechargeof15%wasaddedontothebill.④addtosthThebadweatheronlyaddedtoourdifficulties.⑤addupHisstoryjustdoesn'taddup.Thewaitercan'taddup.Thenumbersadduptoexactly100.finally①Finally,hetoldmethetruth.②finally、atlast與intheendfinally表示某一動作發(fā)生的次序是在“最后”，無感情色彩，多用于過去時態(tài)。Finally,theyfinishedthework.atlast表示經(jīng)過一番努力或曲折的過程后的結(jié)果，也可以用來表示“等候或耽誤了很長時間之后才……”，常帶有較濃厚的感情色彩，語氣比較強(qiáng)烈。Shehaseatlast.intheend表示經(jīng)過許多變化、困難或捉摸不定的情況后某事才發(fā)生，有時可與finally互換，其反義詞詞組是inthebeginningWefoundhishouseintheend.mixup①mixup_________Peopleoftenmixmeupwithotheractors.Don'tmixupthosepapers.②mixwith_________Oildoesnotmixwithwater.Oilandwaterdonotmix.③mixand__________Ifyoumixblueandyellow,yougetgreen.④mixsth(forsb)[mixsbsth]Whydon'tyoumixourguestsacocktail?⑤Childrenandfireworksdon'tmix.⑥Theydon'tmixmuchwiththeneighbours.fillwith①M(fèi)omfilledmybagwithfoodandwater.②fillwithvs.fullofThefridgeisfilledwithfruit,vegetablesandmilk.Lifeisfullofloveeverywhere.Let’senjoyit.serveBreakfastisservedbetween7and10a.m.Thisdishwillservefourhungrypeople.Areyoubeingserved?Howcanwebestservetheneedsoffuturegenerations?Thecentrewillservethewholemunity.Thesofawillserveasabedforanightortwo.Heservedasacaptaininthearmy.Hehasservedtime(=beentoprison)before.Who'sserving?Leftyou,didshe?Itservesyourightforbeingsoselfish.coverShecoveredherfacewithherhands.Snowcoveredtheground.=Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.Theplayersweresooncoveredinmud.Thesurveycoversallaspectsofthebusiness.Yourparentswillhavetocoveryourtuitionfees.Theywalkedforalongtimeandcoveredagooddealofground.Thereservecoversanareaofsome1140squarekilometres.TheBBCwillcoverallthemajorgamesofthetournament.I'mcoveringforJanewhileshe'sonleave.Ihavetogooutforaminute─willyoucoverformeifanyoneaskswhereIam?CovermewhileImoveforward.Don'tmove─we'vegotyoucovered!They'vecoveredanoldRollingStonesnumber.動詞不定式在句中作定語Thebeginningoftheyearisusuallyatimetomakeresolutions.He’slookingforaroomtolivein.Ihavenopentowritewith.Doyouhaveanythingtosend?Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?短語turnon__________________cutup__________________o...__________________makesoup_______________plantatree_______________washclothes_________________digahole________________takeout_________________apieceof____________________gettogether______________abigmeal_______________maindish____________________makedishes______________ricenoodles_____________chickensoup__________________onemorething___________makepopcorn____________makebeefnoodles_____________ofcourse________________inmostcountries__________cookforfiveminutes___________ataveryhightemperature_________________it’stimetodosth_______________________練習(xí)題用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Theyoungmandranktwolarge__________(glass)ofwaterjustnow.______________(pour)themilkintotheblenderwhenyoumakeamilkshake.WhenIwalkedintotheroom,Isawthewoman_____________(peel)potatoes.______________(plant)moretreesisgoodforprotectingenvironment.Thecustomersarepleasedwiththe____________(serve)oftherestaurant.Some_____________(America)enjoytravelingaroundtheworld.Tom,it’stime_____________(get)up!Oryou’llbelateforschool.Mygrandmakeepshealthyby____________(do)houseworkeveryday.單項選擇After________thewaterintothepot,he______somesalt.A.pouring;addingB.pouring;addedC.adding;pouredD.added;poured2.I’dliketobuyanewoven(烤箱).Theone’sovertheresellwell.Youcan______onebyonetohaveatry.turnonitB.turnitonC.turnonthemD.turnthemon3.Please_____somemilk_____mycoffee.Yes,sir.A.add;inB.add;toC.add;upD.add;upto4.Thedressdoesn’tfitmewell.Doone?Whataboutthisredone?5.CanIhelpyou?Pleasegiveme______aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.alittleinformationDafewinformation6.Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare__________.A.manteachersB.menteachersC.womanteachersD.womenteacher7.UncleLihasafarm.Therearesome______onthefarm.A.chickenandsheepB.chickensandsheepsC.chickensandsheepD.chickenandsheeps8.About200_______wenttoseetheAsianFashionShowlastnight.9