外研版初中英語時態(tài)及語法點(diǎn)歸納

初中英語時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、大凡現(xiàn)在時：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時間狀語：often，usually，always，sometimes，everyweek（day，year，month．．．），oncea，onSundays，．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞否定形式：①amis／＋not；②此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don“t，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn“t，同時還原行為動詞。大凡疑問句：①把be動詞放于句首；②用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)變化1、大凡情況在詞尾加-s2、以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾加-es3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，先變y為i再加es，以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s4.分外變化have-----has二、大凡過去時：概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。時間狀語：ago，yesterday，thedaybefore，lastweekyear，night，month．．．），in，justnow，attheageof，oneday，longlongago，onceupona，．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞否定形式：／were＋；在行為動詞前加，同時還原行為動詞。大凡疑問句：①was或were放在句首；②用助動詞do的過去式did提問，同時還還原行為動詞。1/5動詞過去式的變化（1）規(guī)則變化1）大凡情況直接+ed如：work-workedplay-played2）以e結(jié)尾的詞只加-d如：live-liveddance-danced3）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加-ed如：study-studied以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加ed如play----played以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，先將這個字母雙寫，再加-ed.stop-stoppedplan-planned原行為動詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。時間狀語：now，atthis，thesedays，etc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am／is／are＋doing否定形式：am／is／are＋not＋doing大凡疑問句：把be動詞放在句首動詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingclose—closing3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running四、大凡將來時：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時間狀語：tomorrow，next（week，month，year．．．．），soon，inafew，by．．．，thedayafter，etc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①amis／／goingdo；②will／shalldo否定形式：①am／is／＋＋goingto＋②will／shall＋＋do2/5大凡疑問句：①be放于句首；②willshall提到句首五、現(xiàn)在完成時：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語：recently，latelysince．．．，for．．．，inthepastfewyears，yetetc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have／＋done否定形式：have／＋not＋done大凡疑問句：／has放于句首規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則同規(guī)則動詞過去式變化、大凡動詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited、以“e”結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加。live---lived---lived,、以“輔音字母+結(jié)尾的動詞，將“y“變?yōu)椤癷“，再加。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped六、過去進(jìn)行時：概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。時間狀語：atthistimeyesterday，atthattime或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是大凡過去時的時間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：waswere＋doing3/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問句：把was或were放在句首動詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動詞復(fù)習(xí)多見動詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.lovetodo/lovedoing3.begintodo./begindoing.4.starttodo/startdoing.5.remembertodo./rememberdoing.6.forgettodo./forgetdoing.7.stoptodo./stopdoing.四,后面只能跟動詞原形的:1.Let..do2.make…do.3.can/must等情態(tài)動詞后面只能跟動詞原形.4.do/don’t/does/doesn’t/did/didn’t等助動詞的后面只能跟動詞原形.5/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問句：把was或were放在句首動詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動詞復(fù)習(xí)多見動詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.lovetodo/lovedoing3.begintodo./begindoing.4.starttodo/startdoing.5.remembertodo./rememberdoing.6.forgettodo./forgetdoing.7.stoptodo./stopdoing.四,后面只能跟動詞原形的:1.Let..do2.make…do.3.can/must等情態(tài)動詞后面只能跟動詞原形.4.do/don’t/does/doesn’t/did/didn’t等助動詞的后面只能跟動詞原形.5/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問句：把was或were放在句首動詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動詞復(fù)習(xí)多見動詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.love