外研版初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)歸納

初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、大凡現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often，usually，always，sometimes，everyweek（day，year，month．．．），oncea，onSundays，．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞；②行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：①amis／＋not；②此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don“t，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用doesn“t，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。大凡疑問(wèn)句：①把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)變化1、大凡情況在詞尾加-s2、以字母s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾加-es3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i再加es，以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s4.分外變化have-----has二、大凡過(guò)去時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago，yesterday，thedaybefore，lastweekyear，night，month．．．），in，justnow，attheageof，oneday，longlongago，onceupona，．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞；②行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：／were＋；在行為動(dòng)詞前加，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。大凡疑問(wèn)句：①was或were放在句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還還原行為動(dòng)詞。1/5動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化（1）規(guī)則變化1）大凡情況直接+ed如：work-workedplay-played2）以e結(jié)尾的詞只加-d如：live-liveddance-danced3）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加-ed如：study-studied以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加ed如play----played以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞，先將這個(gè)字母雙寫(xiě)，再加-ed.stop-stoppedplan-planned原行為動(dòng)詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now，atthis，thesedays，etc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am／is／are＋doing否定形式：am／is／are＋not＋doing大凡疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放在句首動(dòng)詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingclose—closing3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running四、大凡將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow，next（week，month，year．．．．），soon，inafew，by．．．，thedayafter，etc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①amis／／goingdo；②will／shalldo否定形式：①am／is／＋＋goingto＋②will／shall＋＋do2/5大凡疑問(wèn)句：①be放于句首；②willshall提到句首五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently，latelysince．．．，for．．．，inthepastfewyears，yetetc．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have／＋done否定形式：have／＋not＋done大凡疑問(wèn)句：／has放于句首規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則同規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化、大凡動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited、以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加。live---lived---lived,、以“輔音字母+結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將“y“變?yōu)椤癷“，再加。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped六、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：atthistimeyesterday，atthattime或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是大凡過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：waswere＋doing3/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放在句首動(dòng)詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)多見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動(dòng)詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動(dòng)詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚(yú)…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.lovetodo/lovedoing3.begintodo./begindoing.4.starttodo/startdoing.5.remembertodo./rememberdoing.6.forgettodo./forgetdoing.7.stoptodo./stopdoing.四,后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形的:1.Let..do2.make…do.3.can/must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形.4.do/don’t/does/doesn’t/did/didn’t等助動(dòng)詞的后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形.5/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放在句首動(dòng)詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)多見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動(dòng)詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動(dòng)詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚(yú)…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.lovetodo/lovedoing3.begintodo./begindoing.4.starttodo/startdoing.5.remembertodo./rememberdoing.6.forgettodo./forgetdoing.7.stoptodo./stopdoing.四,后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形的:1.Let..do2.make…do.3.can/must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形.4.do/don’t/does/doesn’t/did/didn’t等助動(dòng)詞的后面只能跟動(dòng)詞原形.5/5否定形式：waswere＋not＋doing大凡疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放在句首動(dòng)詞-ing的變形規(guī)則1）大凡情況直接加-ing。Play—playinglook—lookinggo—going2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加。Write—writingtake—taking3）重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)末尾的字母，再加ing。Swim—swimmingput—puttingrun—running動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)多見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞的用法:一,后面只能跟to的動(dòng)詞有:1.wanttodo.Iwanttoplaytheguitar.2.wouldliketodo.Iwouldliketohavesomenoodles.3.asksb.todo.Yourmotheraskedmetotellyouthegoodnews.4.hopetodo.Wehopetopasstheexam.二,后面只能跟doing的動(dòng)詞有:1.havefundoing.Wehavefunplayingbasketball.2.enjoy/finishdoing.DoyouenjoywatchingTV?3.What/Howaboutdoing?Whataboutgoingoutnow?4.practicedoing.IfyoupracticereadingandthenyoucanbegoodatEnglish.5.Thanksfordoing.Thanksforhelpingme.(Thanksforyourhelp).6.goshopping/swimming/fishing…././游泳/釣魚(yú)…………7.dosomereading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/……………4/58.spend(time/money)doing.Ispent10yuan(in)buyingthisbook.Ispent10yuanonthisbook.三,后面既可以跟to也可以跟ing.1.liketodo/likedoing2.love