高考英語閱讀理解-科普類（最近幾年70篇高考真題）

第1題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（全國I）B

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseean

appleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseother

senseswhenyouchooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastes

good.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.

Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependon

onlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.

Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonly

onetype.Thegiantpanda（大熊貓）eatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo（竹子）.Otheranimals

eatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoice.Akindofwhitebutterfly（蝴蝶）willstayon

theleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,

mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet（多樣化飲食）.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefbxeats

smallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.

Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitis

goodfbrus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.This

makesthemoverweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimal

products,suchasbutter,canalsobebadfbrthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,has

becomeanareaofstudyinmodernlife.60.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals

A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfood

C.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood

61.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?

A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.Thesmallbird.C.Thebear.D.Thefbx.

62.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen.

A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchanges

C.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells

63.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.foodischosenfbragoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgood

C.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthy

diet

答案

60.C

解析:這是一道推理題。根據(jù)第一段可知,人用氣味和味道來選擇食物，動物用一種或多種

感覺選擇食物，從這點上人和其他動物是類似的。

61.A

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofa

cabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.”可以推斷出這種白蝴蝶

只吃卷心菜。

62.A

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdepending

ontheseason.”可以推斷出這些動物的食物隨著季節(jié)而變化。

63.D

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecause

itisgoodforus.“可知我們經(jīng)常選擇食物是因為喜歡而不是對身體有益,由此推斷出有些人會

選擇不健康的食物。

第2題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（北京卷））B

TheBookofLife

Sofar,scientistshavenamedabout1.8millionlivingspecies（物種）,andthafsjusta

smallnumberofwhatprobablyexistsonEarth.Withsomanyplants,animals,andotherliving

thingscovetingtheplanet,itcanbetoughtofigureoutwhattypeofgrassisgrowingbythe

roadsideorwhatkindofbirdjustflewby.

Asoon-to-be-startedWebsitemighthelp.Aninternationalteamofresearchershas

announcedthecreationofWeb-basedEncyclopedia（百科全書）ofLiffe（EoL）.Theprojectaims

tolisteveryspeciesonEarthinasingle,easy-to-usereferenceguide.

Togettheencyclopediastarted,thecreatorswilluseinfbnnationfromscientificdatabases

（數(shù)據(jù)庫）thatalreadyexist.Andeventually,inspecialsectionsofthesite,non-scientistswith

specializedknowledgewillcometohelp.Bird-watchers,forexample,willbeabletoinputwhat

birdsthey'veseenandwhere.Tomakesuretheencyclopediaisaccurate,scientistswillreview

muchoftheinformationaddedtoit.

AstheEoLdevelops,youmightfinditusefi.ilfbrschoolprojects.Thesitewillfeature

（以...為特色）specialpagesfbrkidswhoarestudyingecosystemsintheirneighborhoods.

AnotherconvenientfeatureoftheEoListhatyou'llbeabletopickthelevelofdetailyouwantto

seetomatchyourinterests,age,andknowledge.

Itnowtakesyearsfbrscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyze

species.ThecreatorsoftheEncyclopediaofLifehopethattheirnewtoolwillspeedupthat

Process.

60.TheWeb-basedEoLaimsto.

A.findoutwhatcoverstheearthB.listalllivingthingsonEarth

C.workoutthenumberofbirdsD.savetheexistingplants

61.OnecharacteristicoftheEoListhat.

A.itisrunbyschoolstudentsB.itfocusesondifferenttypesofgrass

C.itprovidesdifferentlevelsofinformationD.itallowsnon-scientiststoreviewitsdata

62.Inthelastparagraph,"thatprocess11means.

A.analyzingspeciesB.creatinganewtoolC.collectingdataD.describingspecies

答案

60.B

解析:這是一道細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Theprojectaimstolisteveryspecieson

Earthinasingle,easy-to-usereferenceguide.“可知網(wǎng)上百科全書的目標(biāo)建立一個簡單易用的指

引來列出地球上的所有物種。

61.C

解析:這是—道推理題。根據(jù)第四段“AnotherconvenientfeatureoftheEoListhatyouHlbe

abletopickthelevelofdetailyouwanttoseetomatchyourinterests,age,andknowledge.“你可以

找到適合自己的興趣、年齡和知識水平的信息，也就是說EoL有多層次信息適用于不同年齡

段和興趣以及知識水平的受眾。

62.C

解析:這是一道詞義推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段「thatprocess”就是指前一句中提到的工作，前

一句是“Itnowtakesyearsforscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyze

species.”科學(xué)家花費了很多年來搜集用來分析和描述物種的數(shù)據(jù)，所以“thatprocess”指的是搜

集數(shù)據(jù)。干擾項是A和D,分析和描述物種都是數(shù)據(jù)的用途而非在進(jìn)行的工作。

第3題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（天津卷））D

Inmeditation（冥想）,peoplesitquietlyandfocustheirattentionontheirbreath.Asthey

breatheinandout,theyattendtotheirfeelings.Asthoughtsgothroughtheirminds,theyletthem

go.Breathe.Letgo.Breathe.Letgo

AccordingtoarecentstudyattheInsightMeditationSocietyinBarre,Massachusetts.Three

monthsoftraininginthiskindofmeditationcausesamarketchangeinhowthebrainallocates（分

酉己）attention.Itappearsthattheabilitytoletgothoughtsthatcomeintomindfreesthebrainto

attendtomorerapidlychangingthingsandeventsintheoutsideworld.Expertmediatorsarebetter

thanotherpeopleatcatchingsuchfast-changingstimuli（刺激）,likefacialexpressions.

Thestudyprovidesevidenceforchangesintheworkingsofthebrainwithmentaltraining.

Peoplecanlearnandimproveabilitiesofallsortswithpractice,everythingfromdrivingto

playingthepiano.Thestudyhasshownthatmeditationisgoodfbrthebrain,Itappearstoreduce

pressureandpromoteasenseofwell-being.

Inanexperiment,17volunteerswithnomeditationexperienceintheexperimentalgroup

spentthreemonthsmeditating10to12hoursaday.Acontrolgroupalsowithnomeditation

experiencemeditatedfor20minutesadayoverthesameperiod.Bothgroupswerethengiventhe

testswithtwonumbersinagroupofletters.Asbothgrouplookedfbrthenumbers,theirbrain

activitywasrecorded.

Everyonecouldcatchthefirstnumber.Butthebrainrecordingsshowedthattheless

experiencedmediatorstendedtograspthefirstnumberandhangontoit,sotheymissedthe

secondnumber.Thosewithmoreexperiencegavelessattentiontothefirstnumber.asiflettingit

go,whichledtoanincreasedabilitytograspthesecondnumber,Thisshowsthatattentioncan

changewithpractice.

JustaskDanielLevision,whomeditatedfbrthreemonthsaspartofthestudy."Iamamuch

betterlistener,“hesaid."Idonotgetlostinmyownpersonalreactiontowhatpeopleare

saying.”

48.Theunderlinedword"them"inParagraph1refersto_

A.feelingsB.mindsC.peopleD.thoughts

49.Meditationsmanagetheirdailytasksbetterbecausethey_

A.aregivenlesspressureB.allocatetheirattentionbetter

C.havemorestimulifbrlifeD.practicethemmorefrequently

50.Intheexperiment,volunteersdoingmeditationfbrlongerhours_

A.weremorelikelytocatchbothofthemembers

B.wereusedtomemorizingnumbersingroups

C.usuallyignoredthefirstnumberobserved

D.paidmoreattentiontonumbersthantoletters

51.Thestudyprovesthat_

A.meditationimprovesone'shealthB.brainactivitycanberecorded

C.humanattentioncanbetrainedD.mediatorshaveagoodsenseofhearing

答案

48.D

解析:這是一道指代題。根據(jù)第一段“Asthoughtsgothoughtheirminds,theyletthemgo.”

當(dāng)想法進(jìn)入意識，冥想者忽略它們，可知忽略的是“thoughts”。

49.B

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“threemonthsoftraininginthiskindofmeditation

causeamarkedchangeinhowthebrainallocatesattention.”可以推斷出冥想者更好管理日常任

務(wù)是因為大腦可以更好地安排調(diào)節(jié)注意力。

50.A

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thosewithmoreexperiencegavelessattentionto

thefirstnumber,asiflettingitgowhichlettoanincreasedabilitytograspthesecondnumber.“可

以推斷出冥想訓(xùn)練多的人群雖然不對第一個數(shù)字關(guān)注那么多，但是抓住笫二個數(shù)字的能力增

強(qiáng)了,也就是說這些人更能同時記住兩個數(shù)字。

51.C

解析:這是一道歸納題。本文主要介紹冥想訓(xùn)練對大腦安排注意力的好處，證明了人的注

意力是可以訓(xùn)練的。

第5題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（天津卷））E

Whenwethinkofleadership,weoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereally,

andhowdotheyoperate?

Leadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothings,Ifthisisevenpossible.itis

short-term,andtendstobackfire.Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheirwill,they

maydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymust,buttheangertheyfeelwilldomoreharminthelong-term,

Theywillalsoexperiencefear.

Fearcausesthethinkingbraintoshutdown,makingthepersonunabletofunctionathisor

herbest.Iftheyassociateyouwiththisemotionoffear.Theywillbecomelessfunctionalaround

you,andyouwillhavesucceededinnotonlyshootingyourselfinthefoot.butpossiblymakinga

verygoodemployeeorpartnerunabletoperformeffectively.Fearhasnoplaceinleadership.

Thewayweinfluencepeopleinalastingwayisbyourowncharacter,andourunderstanding

anduseofemotion.Wecanordersomeonetodosomething,whichmaybepartoftheworkday;

orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevel,sotheybecamefullydevotedtotheprojectsand

providesomeoftheirownmotivation（積極性）。Today'sworkplaceisallaboutrelationshipsasa

humanbeingaswellasaworker.Everyoneproducesjustabitmorefbrsomeonetheylike.

Leadersunderstandthewaythingswork.Theyknowthepaycheckisnotthesinglemost

motivatingfactor（因素）intheworklifeofmostpeople.

Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceof

emotionalintelligence-??knowingyourownemotions,andhowtohandlethem,andthoseof

others.Developingyouremotionalintelligenceisthesinglebestthingyoucandoifyouwantto

developyourrelationshipswithpeoplearoundyou,whichisthekeytotheleadershipskills.

52.Anemployeemayhaveafeelingoffearintheworkplacewhen__.

A.heisforcedtodothingsB.becannotworkathisbest

C..hefeelshisbrainshutdownD.hethinksofhisworkastooheavy

53.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Peopletendtoassociateleadershipwithfear

B.Workingconditionsaffectpeople'sphysicalhealth

C.Goodrelationshipisthekeytobusinesssuccess

D.Smartpeoplearemorefunctionalintheworkplace.

54.Topositivelyinfluenceemployeesaleadershouldfirstofall_

A.providebettersuggestionsB.develophisownpersonality

C.fivehisemployeesapayraiseD.hidehisownemotionoffear

55.Goodleadershipismainlyseeninaleader'sabilityto_

A.provideavarietyofprojectforemployeesB.helpraiseemployee'slivingstandards

C.giveemployeesspecificinstructionsD.dealwiselywithemployees5emotions

答案

52.A

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyouordersomeonetodosomethingagainsttheir

will,theymaydoitbecausetheyfeeltheymust..Theywillalsoexperiencefbar.“所以恐懼來自于

違反意愿而被強(qiáng)制做某事。

53.C

解析:這是一道判斷正誤題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninner

strengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence."可以判斷出好的上卜級關(guān)系

是工作成功的保障。

54.B

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第四段“orwecanemploythemattheemotionallevel,sothey

becomefullydevotedtotheprojectsandprovidesomeoftheirownmotivation.”和第五段

“Anyoneworksharderinapositiveenvironmentinwhichthey'rerecognizedandvaluedasa

humanbeingaswellasaworker.”可以推斷出應(yīng)該讓被雇傭者發(fā)揮自己的能動性和個性，才能

更好完成工作。

55.D

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrength

thatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence—knowingyourownemotions,andhow

tohandlethem,andthoseofothers.”可以判斷出這里面“others”就是指被雇傭者，所以好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

者可以更好地處理被雇傭者的情緒。

第6題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（遼寧卷））A

Whatwillpeopledieof100yearsfromnow?Ifyouthinkthatisasimplequestion,youhave

notbeenpayingattentiontotherevolutionthatistakingplaceinbio-technology（生物技術(shù)）.With

thehelpofnewmedicine,thehumanbodywilllastaverylongtime.Deathwillcomemainly

fromaccidents,murderandwar.Toda/sleadingkillers,suchasheartdiseases,cancer,andaging

itself,willbecomedistantmemory.

Indiscussionoftechnologicalchanges,theInternetgetsmostoftheattentionthesedays.

Butthechangeinmedicinecanbetherealtechnologicaleventofourtimes.Howlongcan

humanslive?Humanbrainswereknowntodecidethefinaldeath.Cells（細(xì)胞）arethebasicunits

ofalllivingthings,anduntilrecently,scientistsweresurethatthelifeofcellscouldnotgomuch

beyond120yearsbecausethebasicmaterialsofcells,suchasthoseofbraincells,wouldnotlast

forever.Buttheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynewmedicine.Sometimebetween2050and2100,

medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorso,peoplewillbeabletotake

medicinetorepairtheirorgans（器官）.Themedicine,madeupofthebasicbuildingmaterialsof

life,willbuildnewbraincells,heartcells,andsooninmuchthesamewayourbodiesmake

newskincellstotaketheplaceofoldones.

Itisexcitingtoimaginethattheadvanceintechnologymaybechangingthemostbasic

conditionalhumanexistence,butmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbecleareduponthewayto

thiswonderfulfuture.

56.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby.

A.diseasesandagingB.accidentsandwar

C.accidentsandagingD.heartdiseasesandwar

57.Intheauthor'sopinon,toda/smostimportantadvanceintechnologyliesin.

A.medicineB.theinternetC.braincellsD.humanorgans

58.Humansmaylivelongerinthefiiturebecause.

A.heartdiseasewillbefarawayfromusB.humanbrainscandecidethefinaldeath

C.thebasicmaterialsofcellswilllastforeverD.humanorganscanberepairedbynew

medicine

59.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.humanlifewillnotlastmorethan120yearsinthefuture

B.humanhavetotakemedicinetobuildnewskincellsnow

C.muchneedstobedonebeforehumanscanhavealongerlife

D.wehavealreadysolvedthetechnicalproblemsinbuildingnewcells.

答案

56.A

解析:這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段“Today飛leadingkillers,suchasheartdisease,cancer,and

agingitself,willbecomedistantmemories.”可知導(dǎo)致人類死亡的主:要原因是疾病和衰老。

57.A

解析：這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butthechangeinmedicinecanbethereal

technologicaleventofourtimes.”可以推斷出醫(yī)藥的改變是我們這個時代發(fā)展最大的技術(shù)。

58.D

解析：這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Buttheupperlimitswillbebrokenbynew

medicine...medicinewillhaveadvancedtothepointatwhichevery10yearsorso,peoplewillbe

abletotakemedicinetorepairtheirorgans.”可知醫(yī)藥將能夠修復(fù)人的器官使人活得更長。

59.C

解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“butmanytechnicalproblemsstillmustbeclearedup

onthewaytothiswonderfulfuture.”可知還有很多技術(shù)問題需要解決，才能實現(xiàn)（延長人類生命

的目的）。

第7題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（江蘇卷））D

Thinking

Somescientistsclaimthatwehumansaretheonlylivingthingsthatareconscious（有意識

的）-wealoneareawarethatwearethinking.

Nooneknowshowconsciousnessworks-itisoneofscience'slastgreatmysteries.

Allyourthoughtstakeplaceinthecerebrum（大腦皮質(zhì)｝whichisatthetopofyourbrain,

anddifferentkindsofthoughtarelinkedtodifferentareas,areas,calledassociationareas.

Eachhalfofthecerebrumhasfourroundedendscalledlobes（腦葉）-twoatthefront

（frontalandtemporallobes）andtwoattheback（occipitalandparietallobes）.

Thefrontallobeislinkedtoyourpersonalityanditiswhereyouhaveyourbrightideas.

Thetemporallobeiswhereyouhearandunderstandwhatpeoplesaytoyou.

Theoccipitallobeiswhereyouworkoutwhatyoureyessee.

Theparietallobeiswhereyourecordtouch,heatandcold,andpain.

Thelefthalfofthebraincontrolstherightsideofthebody.Therighthalfcontrolstheleft

side.

Onehalfofthebrainisalwaysdominant（incharge）.Usually,theleftbrainisdominant,

whichiswhy90%ofpeopleareright-handed.

68.Whichpartofyourcerebrumismostactivewhenyouaremakingatelephonecall?

A.Thefrontallobe.B.Thetemporallobe.C.Theoccipitallobe.D.Theparietal

lobe.

69.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.One'spersonalityhassomethingtodowiththefrontallobe.

B.Brightideascomefromtheparietallobe.

C.Theoccipitalandtemperallobesareatthebackofthecerebrum.

D.Theoccipitallobeisinchargeofsound.

70.Fromthepassage,weknowthereasonwhyaround10%ofpeopleareleft-handedisthat

A.theirfrontallobeisusuallydominantB.theirtemporallobeisusually

dominant

C.theirrightbrainisusuallydominantD.theirleftbrainisusuallydominant

答案

68.B

解析:這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)短文中的“Thetemporallobeiswhereyouhearandunderstand

whatpeoplesaytoyou.”可判斷出當(dāng)你打電話時temporallobe最活躍，因為它是聽見和理解人

們對你說什么的部位。

69.A

解析:這是一道正誤判斷題。根據(jù)短文中的“Thefrontallobeislinkedtoyourpersonality

anditiswhereyouhaveyourbrightideas.”可判斷出選項A是正確的。

7O.:C

解析:這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)短文中的“Usually,theleftbrainisdominant,whichiswhy90%

ofpeopleareright-handed.”可判斷出一個人是左撇子的原因是他的右腦處于支配地位。

第8題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（福建卷））C

ScientistshavefoundwhatlooklikecavesonMars（火星），andsaytheycouldbe

protectinglifefromtheplanefsterribleenvironment.

ThefirstcavesdiscoveredbeyondtheEarthappearassevenmysteriousblackdotson

thepicturessentbackbyNASA'sMarsOdysseyorbiter.Eachaslargeasafootballfield,they

maybeopeningsintonaturalcavesbelowtheMartiansurface.

“IfthereislifeonMars,thereisagoodchanceyou'dfinditincaves,“saidJut

Wynne,oneoftheresearcherswhonoticedthefeatureswhileworkingonaUSGeologicalSurvey

MarsCaveDetectionProgram.

JonathanClarke,ageologistwiththeMarsSocietyofAustralia,yesterdaydescribedthe

discoveryasexciting.

Onephototakenatnightbyaninfraredimager（紅外線成像器）showedoneholetobe

unusuallywarm,suggestinghotairtrappedduringthedayisflowingout.

“Isaid:4Wow,that'sacave'"Dr.Clarkesaidexcitedly."Peoplehavebeenlookingfor

theseforalongtime;nowwehavefoundthem.”

Heagreedsuchcaveswouldbeperfectplacestohuntforlifeescapingfrointhebitterly

cold,radiation-soaked（充滿輻射的）,drysurface.

“TinydropsofwatercouldcollectinsideJhesaid.uIftherearegasescomingout,they

couldprovideenergyforawholerangeofbacteria.Acaveisalsoaprotectionfromradiation;the

surfaceofMarsisexposedtohighlevelsofspaceradiation.^^

Thecavesprobablyfbnnedwhentube-shapedlaveflows（管狀巖漿流）spreadacross

theplanetlongago.Theoutsideofthetubescooled,formingsolidwalls,whilesomethinghotter

insideallowedtheremaininghavetoflowout,fbnningcaves.

64.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.HowthecaveswereformedonMars.B.Howscientistsfoundthesecaveson

Mars.

C.CavesonMarsmaybefullofhotairorasignoflife.

D.ScientistshavecompletelyrecognizedthesurfaceofMars.

65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.waterhasalreadybeenfoundonMarsB.thescientistsfoundallthecavesatnight

C.itiscertainthatthereislifeinthesecaves

D.thesurfaceofMarsisbitterlycold,radiation-soakedanddry

66.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.Clarkewassoexcitedbecause.

A.suchcavescouldprovideenergyforlifeB.theyhadfinallyfoundthecavesonMars

C.suchcaveswouldbeperfectplacestohuntforlife

D.scientistshadlongbeenlookingforthesecaves

67.NecessaryconditionsforlifeonMarsmentionedinthepassagemayinclude__.

A.lavaandenergyB.waterandradiationfromspace

C.gasesandlavaD.waterandprotectionfromradiation

答案

64C

解析：這是一道主旨題。本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)一些坑洞，這些坑洞可以

聚集熱空氣和水分，使生命出現(xiàn)變得可.能。本文也描述了這些坑洞發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程和形成原因，

但都不是主要描述的內(nèi)容，所以A項和B項不全面。

65.D

解析：這是一道判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Heagreedsuchcaveswouldbeperfectplacesto

huntforlifeescapingfromthebitterlycold,radiation-soaked,drysurface.“可以判斷出火星表面

是個極端寒冷、充滿輻射、干燥的地方。A、C選項都是文中的推測，并沒有得出明確的結(jié)

論。

66.B

解析：這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第六段Dr.Clarke的表述“Peoplehavebeenlookingforthese

foralongtime；nowwehavefoundthem."可知Clarke教授的喜悅是因為人們找這些坑洞很長

時間了，現(xiàn)在終于找到了。

67.D

解析：這是一道歸納題。根據(jù)坑洞中可能出現(xiàn)生命以及倒數(shù)第二段“Tinydropsofwater

couldcollectinside,”和"Acaveisalsoaprotectionfromradiation”可以歸納出生命產(chǎn)生需要水

和避免輻射。

第9題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（福建卷））E

Dogswag（搖擺）theirtailsindifferentdirectionsdependingonwhethertheyareexcited

andwantingtomoveforwardorthreatenedandthinkingofmovingback,astudyhasfound.

ResearchersinItalyexaminedthetailwaggingbehaviourof30dogs,catchingtheir

responsestoarangeofstimuli（刺激物）withvideocameras.Toconductthestudytheychose15

maledogsand15femaleonesagedbetweenoneandsixyears.Thedogswereallfamilypets

whoseownershadallowedthemtotakepartintheexperimentatBariUniversity.Thedogswere

placedinalargewoodenboxwithanopeningatthefronttoallowfbrthemtoviewvarious

stimuli.Theyweretestedoneatatime.

TheresearchersledbyProfessorGiorgioVallortigaraoftheUniversityofTriestefound

thatwhenthedogswereshowntheirowners-apositiveexperience-theirtailswagged

energeticallytotherightside.Whentheywereshownanunfamiliarhumantheywaggedtothe

right,butwithsomewhatlessenthusiasm.Theappearanceofacatagaincausedaright-handside

wag,althoughwithlessintensityagain.Theappearanceofalargeunfamiliardog,similartoa

Germanshepherd,changedthedirectionoftailwaggingtotheleft.Researcherssupposedthedog

wasthinkingofmovingback.Whenthedogswerenotshownanystimulitheytendedtowagtheir

tailstotheleft,suggestingtheypreferredcompany.Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwere

noteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeople

judgethemood（心情）ofdogs.Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedby

professionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredtoapproach.

71.Thevideocameraswereusedtocatchthedogs'responsesbecause_.

A.itwaseasiertocatchthedogs'responsechangesinthetailwagging

B.thedogswereputinthewoodenboxesandtestedoneatatime.

C.theyenabledthedogs'ownerstoknowabouttheirdogs'habit

D.thedogswaggedtheirtailsindifferentdirectionswhentheywereindifferentmoods

72.Theunderlinedword“intensity"inthepassagemeans___.

A.surpriseB.worryC.excitementD.interest

73.Whentherearenostimuli,adogwill.

A.wagtotheleftB.wagtotheright

C.notwagatallD.wagtotheleftandthentotheright

74.Theunderlinedword“they”refersto.

A.thedogsB.thetrainersC.thesystemsD.theresearchers

75.Thepurposeofdoingtheexperimentis.

A.totraindogsfortheirownersB.tohelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogs

C.tohelpdogsfindcompanyD.tohelppeoplechoosetheirpetdogs

答案

71.A

解析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenot

easilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethe

moodofdogs.”可以推斷出如果沒有攝像機(jī)的幫助，人們很難發(fā)現(xiàn)狗尾巴搖動的變化，所以

攝像機(jī)是使得觀察更加容易。

72.C

解析：這是一道詞義猜測題。第三段是幾個排比的句子，畫線詞和前面的“energetically”

和“enthusiasm”都是同義詞。

73.A

解析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenthedogswerenotshownanystimulithey

tendedtowagtheirtailstotheleft...”可知沒有刺激的時候，狗的尾巴是搖向左邊的。

74.B

解析：這是一道指代題。根據(jù)"Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedby

professionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredto

approach."approach是“接近”的意思，由于是馴狗師被要求接近狗而不能是狗被要求接近馴

狗師，所以they指代的是dogtrainers。

75.B

解析：這是一道歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenot

easilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethe

moodofdogs”可以推斷出這個研究可以幫助人們判斷狗的情緒。

第10題（2007年普通高等學(xué)校夏季招生考試英語（湖北卷））D

Overthelast70years,researchershavebeenstudyinghappyandunhappypeopleand

finallyfoundouttenfactorsthatmakeadifference.Ourfeelingsofwell-beingatanymomentare

detenninedtoacertaindegreebygenes.However,ofallthefactors,wealthandagearethet