2024屆貴州省“3+3+3”高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考卷（一）英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

2024屆“3+3+3”高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考卷(一)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)注意，聽(tīng)力部分答題時(shí)請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有十秒鐘時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whywon’tMikeplaybadmintontoday?A.Heissick.B.HedislikesplayingwithJoe.C.Heplanstotakeballetlessons.2.Whatkindofmusicdoesthewomanprefer?A.Popmusic.B.Rockmusic.C.Electronicmusic.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Fixthesink.B.Washthedishes.C.Putunwantedfoodinthebin.4.Whereisthemanfrom?A.Britain.B.America.C.Australia.5.Whathappenedtothespeakers’house?A.Therewasafire.B.Therewasa-powerfailure.C.Therewasnowatersupply.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thearrangementofaninterview.B.Theworkscheduleofthewoman.C.Thehealthconditionoftheman.7.WhatisAdamgoingtodonext?A.Callhissister.B.MeetMrs.Green.C.Visithismother.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8和第9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers.A.Husbandandwife.B.Managerandemployee.C.Shopassistantandcustomer.9.WhatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthelatestTVmodel?A.Itssize.B.Itsprice.C.Itsfunctions.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12題。10Howdoesthemansoundnow?A.Relaxed.B.Anxious.C.Excited.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Ignorethelightsonthestage.B.Trytogivehisbestperformance.C.Paymoreattentiontotheaudience.12.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Inaschool.C.Inaconcerthall.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16題。13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforassistance.B.Tocancelhisaccount.C.Tomakeanappointment.14.WhatinformationdoesthemanneedtoprovideinSectionB?A.Hisreasonformovingabroad.B.Hischoiceofthebankbranch.C.Hisaddressesinthepastfiveyears.15.WhendidthemanreturntotheUS?A.Fourweeksago.B.Fivemonthsago.C.Twoyearsago.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Fillinapaperform.B.Gotothecitycenter.C.Callthestaffinabankbranch.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。17.Whywasthespeakerabsentfromhisjobinthelastfourweeks?A.Hewentonatrip.B.Hevisitedhisfriends.C.Hewashurtinanaccident.18.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkofJohnClarke’sperformance?A.Itwasboring.B.Itwassuccessful.C.Itwasdisappointing.19.WhatdoesEmilyWhiteprobablydo?A.She’sasinger.B.She’sahostess.C.She’saTVactress.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Introducingafilm.B.HostingaTVprogram.C.Holdingamusicceremony.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWantingtotakeabreakfrombigcitylife?Thesehiddengems(寶石)provideachancetoescapethehustleandbustleofbigcitiesandimmerseoneselfinthebeautyoftheselesser-knowndestinations.Sakrisoy&Reine,NorwayTheseremotefishingvillagesarelocatedintheLofotenislandsinnorthernNorway.Althoughreachingthemmayrequiresomeeffort,thejourneyisworthitforthebreathtakingscenery.Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.Shirakawa-go,JapanThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer,whichiswhyShirakawa-gowasincludedintheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist.Duringwintertime,thevillagetransformsintoawinterwonderland,withthesnow-coveredroofscreatingamagicalatmosphere.Paraty,BrazilSituatedonBrazil’sCostaVerde,Paratyisacharmingbaysidetownthatoffersarelaxingandlaid-backatmosphere.Thetownisrenownedforitswell-preservedcolonialarchitecture,whichisbeautifullycomplementedbypalmtreesandcolorfulboatsintheharbor.Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.OldSanJuan,USAsthehistoricheartofPuertoRico’scapitalcity,OldSanJuanisatreasureofrichhistoryandculturalheritage.TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.Visitorscanexplorehistoricforts,strollalongthecitywalls,andindulgeindeliciousPuertoRicancuisine.1.WherecanpeopleenjoytheNorthernLights?A.Paraty. B.OldSanJuan.C.Shirakawa-go. D.Sakrisoy&Reine.2.WhowouldliketovisitParaty?A.Literatureenthusiasts. B.Naturelovers.C.Wintersportsamateurs. D.Foodadventurers.3.WhatdoShirakawa-goandOldSanJuanhaveincommon?A.Naturalbeauty. B.Architecturalcharm.C.Localcustoms. D.Outdooractivities.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)不太為人所知旅游景點(diǎn)及其特征?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sakrisoy&Reine,Norway中“Surroundedbygrandmountains,SakrisoyandReineofferopportunitiesforoutdooractivities,suchashikingandevenwitnessingthecharmingNorthernLights.(SakrisoyandReine因被群山環(huán)繞，為戶(hù)外活動(dòng)提供了很多機(jī)會(huì)，比如徒步旅行，甚至可以目睹迷人的北極光。)”可知，人們?cè)赟akrisoy&Reine可以欣賞到北極光。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Paraty,Brazil中的“Paratyisalsoagatewaytonearbydesertedislandbeaches,makingitaperfectdestinationforbeachloversandnatureenthusiasts.(Paraty也是通往附近荒島海灘的門(mén)戶(hù)，使其成為海灘愛(ài)好者和自然愛(ài)好者的完美目的地。)”可知，自然愛(ài)好者可能會(huì)參觀Paraty。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shirakawa-go,Japan中“ThispicturesquevillageislocatedintheGifuPrefectureandisknownforitstraditionalgassho-zukurifarmhouses.Theseuniquebuildingsfeaturesteeproofsthatresemblehandsinprayer(這個(gè)風(fēng)景如畫(huà)的村莊位于GifuPrefecture，以其傳統(tǒng)的gassho-zukuri農(nóng)舍而聞名。這些獨(dú)特的建筑以陡峭的屋頂為特色，酷似祈禱中的雙手)”以及OldSanJuan,US中“TheentireareaisaNationalHeritageSite,withitscolorfulbuildings,cobblestonestreets,andSpanishcolonialarchitectureaddingtoitscharm.(整個(gè)地區(qū)都是國(guó)家遺產(chǎn)，其色彩繽紛的建筑，鵝卵石街道和西班牙殖民建筑增添了它的魅力。)”可知，Shirakawa-go和OldSanJuan的共同點(diǎn)是建筑的魅力。故選B。BLastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.Accordingtohim,it’sbecausehehasnumerousfears,includingheights,spidersandthedark.Buthonestly,Isuspecthejusthasnormalkid-sizednerves.Myoriginalgoalwassimple.Iwashopingtofindawaytoencouragehimwithoutresortingtoworn-outwordslike“ifyoudon’ttryit,you’llneverknowifyoulikeit.”So,Iborrowedtheideaofa“yesday”.LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.InSt.Augustine,Florida,wecollectivelysaidyestoamoonlitghosttourofthecity’sfamoushauntedsites,wherewhileothersgotclaustrophobic(幽閉恐懼的)andleftduringthetellingofghoststories,LeopoldandIstayeduntilthebitterendanddidn’tevenscreamwhenoneoftheactorsattemptedtofrightenuswithajumpscare.Onthatsametrip,Leopoldtriedhisfirstspicytunarollandthenexperimentedwithblackenedgrouper(石斑魚(yú)).InLongSands,Maine,Ichallengedmyselftojumpintothefreezingocean,gettingcoldandwet,buthappytobefoolishenoughtojumpintothechillywaters.OnthelastnightofourtripatarodeowherecowboysshowedtheirskillsathandlingbullsinCody,Wyoming,mysondidnothesitatebutwentontothefieldtotakepartinthistraditionalevent.Thoughcomingbackwithouttheprizedbandanna,hewaslaughingloudly,sweatyandexcited.Iknewitwasanexperiencewewouldneverforget.Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit’snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we’vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLeopoldfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heavoidednewattempts. B.Helongedforadventures.C.Hewasfondoftravelling. D.Heenjoyedvarietiesoffood.5.Whatdowelearnabouttheirtrips?A.Theytriedfreediving. B.Theykepttheirpromise.C.Theyenjoyedghoststories. D.Theywonaprizeinalocalfestival.6.Whatisthebenefitoftryingnewexperiences?A.Enjoyingthecomfortzone. B.Strengtheningcooperationskills.C.Developinganadventurousspirit. D.Cultivatingasenseofresponsibility.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Totellastoryofanadventuroustrip.B.Topresentproblemsoflivingafulllife.C.Toshowchallengesofparentingapickykid.D.Toshareamethodoftryingnewexperiences.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者和兒子進(jìn)行了一系列冒險(xiǎn)之旅時(shí)，定下了盡可能接受一切事物的規(guī)定。在旅途中作者和兒子嘗試了新的東西，有了難忘的回憶。作者從中意識(shí)到，培養(yǎng)好奇心和冒險(xiǎn)精神讓我們?cè)跊](méi)有遺憾的情況下充分地生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Leopoldisapickykid—hefeedsonlyonchickennuggetsandyogurt—andcanbereluctanttotrynewthings.(利奧波德是個(gè)挑剔的孩子——他只吃雞塊和酸奶——可能不愿意嘗試新事物。)”可知，利奧波德避免新的嘗試。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“LeopoldandIagreedwewouldsayyestoeverything—includingfoodandexperiences,especiallynewones.(利奧波德和我一致認(rèn)為，我們會(huì)答應(yīng)一切——包括食物和體驗(yàn)，尤其是新的。)”和第三段的內(nèi)容可推測(cè)出，作者和兒子信守了一開(kāi)始的承諾，在旅行中不斷嘗試新事物。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(培養(yǎng)好奇心和冒險(xiǎn)精神有助于我們所有人在沒(méi)有遺憾的情況下充分地生活——即使你有時(shí)會(huì)感到又冷又濕，汗流浹背，疲憊不堪。)”可知，嘗試新事物有助于培養(yǎng)冒險(xiǎn)精神。故選C?！?題詳解】目的意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中的“Lastyear,asmythen-9-year-oldson,Leopold,andIwereonaseriesofadventuroustrips,Icameupwitharule:Wewouldsayyestoeverythingasmuchasfeasiblypossible.(去年，當(dāng)我和當(dāng)時(shí)9歲的兒子利奧波德進(jìn)行一系列冒險(xiǎn)旅行時(shí)，我提出了一條規(guī)定：我們會(huì)盡可能地答應(yīng)一切。)”和最后一段“Andthereinliesthebeautyofsayingyesonvacation.Itpushesyoutobeopentonewopportunitiesandstepoutofyourcomfortzone.Thoughit’snotalwayspossibletosayyestoeverythingbackhome,wherework,schoolandotherobligationsgetintheway,we’vebeguntryingtosayitmore.Cultivatingasenseofcuriosityandadventurehelpsallofuslivelifetothefullestwithzeroregrets—evenifyoudosometimeswindupcoldandwet,sweatyandtired.(度假時(shí)答應(yīng)的美妙之處就在于此。它促使你對(duì)新的機(jī)會(huì)持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，走出你的舒適區(qū)。盡管回到家不可能總是對(duì)一切都說(shuō)‘是’，家里有工作、學(xué)校和其他義務(wù)阻礙，但我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始嘗試多說(shuō)。培養(yǎng)好奇心和冒險(xiǎn)精神有助于我們所有人在沒(méi)有遺憾的情況下充分地生活——即使你有時(shí)會(huì)感到又冷又濕，汗流浹背，疲憊不堪。)”可知，作者主要講述了和兒子一起在旅途中嘗試新事物的經(jīng)歷以及好處，目的是分享一種新的嘗試新體驗(yàn)的方式。故選D。CAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeadsmadeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironmentthisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.8.Whathasbeenfoundafterresearchersimplantedglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Thegradualdegradationofthebeads. B.Therecyclingprocessofthebeads.C.Swollenwoundsitesofthemice. D.Apparentweightlossesofthemice.9.Whatmakesthestabilityofthenewglasspossible?A.Theenhanceddurabilitythroughchemicaladjustment.B.Theadoptionoftraditionalglassmanufacturingprocedures.C.Theprolongedexposuretoheatduringglassproduction.D.Therapiddegradationofaminoacidsintheenvironment.10.WhatisYanXuehua’sattitudetowardthestudy?A.Disapproving. B.Objective.C.Ambiguous. D.Dismissive.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Aminoacidsmakeeco-friendlyglassdurable.B.Biodegradableglassgainspopularityinthemarket.C.Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.D.Aminoacidsprovideinspirationinglassmanufacturing.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是中國(guó)科學(xué)家利用氨基酸研制出了一種新型可降解的環(huán)保玻璃?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.(在那個(gè)月里，玻璃植入物在皮膚下降解，傷口愈合，毛又長(zhǎng)出來(lái)了。)”可知，研究人員在老鼠體內(nèi)植入玻璃珠后發(fā)現(xiàn)了珠子的逐漸降解。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Toovercomethisproblem,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocesstailoredformanufacturingthenewglass.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.(為了克服這個(gè)問(wèn)題，研究人員使用為制造新玻璃量身定制的加熱-冷卻工藝對(duì)氨基酸進(jìn)行化學(xué)修飾。這是當(dāng)玻璃材料被加熱變軟，然后迅速冷卻，以使玻璃更堅(jiān)韌。)”可知，通過(guò)化學(xué)調(diào)整增強(qiáng)耐用性使這種新玻璃的穩(wěn)定性成為可能。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization(需要指出的是，這種可生物降解的玻璃目前還處于實(shí)驗(yàn)室階段，距離大規(guī)模商業(yè)化還很遠(yuǎn))”可知，YanXuehua對(duì)這個(gè)研究的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.(今天，許多由沙子和碳酸鈉制成的人造玻璃可以重復(fù)使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，但它不會(huì)在環(huán)境中分解，將在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)中放置數(shù)千年。一組中國(guó)科學(xué)家旨在通過(guò)開(kāi)發(fā)一種具有生態(tài)意識(shí)的替代品來(lái)解決這種環(huán)境問(wèn)題。)”可知，本篇文章主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)了一款能夠在短期內(nèi)自然降解的環(huán)保玻璃，并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了該新型玻璃的生物無(wú)害性以及研究人員對(duì)它的優(yōu)化，C選項(xiàng)“Biodegradableglassoffersasolutiontoecologicalsustainability.(可生物降解玻璃為生態(tài)可持續(xù)性提供了解決方案。)”是文章的主旨。故選C。DFoodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.Foodforestscanmaximizefoodproductioninagivenarea.Inaregulargarden,you’reprobablyonlyplantingvegetablesalongtheground.Whilethiscanprovideagreatharvest,itleavesalotofspaceunused.Nowimagineyouareplantingafruittree.Ontheshadyside,youaddsomeshade-tolerantberries,andonthesunnysideyouaddsomesun-lovingberries.Atthebaseofthesun-lovingberries,youplantsomeannualvegetablesandherbs.Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.12.Whatarefoodforestsintendedfor?A.ImprovingfoodqualityinAmerica.B.Protectingnaturalforestecosystems.C.Beautifyingtheurbanlivingenvironment.D.Providingfoodsourcesforthecommunity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwarf”inparagraph2mean?A.Strengthen. B.Overshadow. C.Widen. D.Enlarge.14.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph3indicate?A.Foodforestscanhelpincreasethediversityofspecies.B.Foodforestsrequireconsiderablelaborinputstomaintain.C.Plantsinfoodforestscanbenefitoneanotherinsomeways.D.Thepestcontrolmechanisminfoodforestsisfavorabletosoil.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Plantingtechniquesdeterminetheyieldoffoodforests.B.Themaintenanceoffoodforestsiscostlyandcomplicated.C.Foodforestsserveasabondtobringcommunitymemberscloser.D.Foodforestshavebecomeapopulargatheringspotinthecommunities.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹食物森林通過(guò)模仿天然森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能，生產(chǎn)供人類(lèi)食用的食物?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Foodforests,alsoknownasforestgardensoredibleforests,areappearinginurbansettingsacrosstheUSasauniquewaytohelpfood-insecurecommunities.Theyimitatethestructureandfunctioningofnaturalforestecosystemsthatproducevariousedibleplantsforthecommunity,whichreducesrelianceonexternalfoodsourcesandpromotesfoodself-sufficiency.(食物森林，也稱(chēng)為森林花園或可食用森林，作為幫助糧食不安全社區(qū)的一種獨(dú)特方式，正在美國(guó)各地的城市環(huán)境中出現(xiàn)。它們模仿天然森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能，為社區(qū)生產(chǎn)各種可食用植物，從而減少對(duì)外部食物來(lái)源的依賴(lài)，促進(jìn)糧食自給自足)”可知，食物森林旨在為社區(qū)提供食物來(lái)源。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisfoodforestwouldresultinatrulysplendidharvestthatwoulddwarfwhataregulargardenthesamesizecouldprovide.(這片食物森林將帶來(lái)真正輝煌的收成，使同樣大小的普通花園所能提供的收成dwarf)”可知，這片食物森林將會(huì)帶來(lái)真正的大豐收，所以這將使一個(gè)同樣大小的普通菜園所能提供的收成相形見(jiàn)絀。由此推測(cè)，劃線詞dwarf表示“相形見(jiàn)絀”，與選項(xiàng)B含義相近。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thegeniusofafoodforestliesinitsdesignedcultivationofbeneficialinteractionsbetweendifferentplantspecies.Forinstance,someplantsmightenrichthesoilbyfixingnitrogen,anaturalfertilizerforneighboringvegetation,whileothersnaturallyattractbeneficialinsects,providingabuilt-inpestcontrolmechanism.Thesestrategicconnectionsleadtoreduceddependencyonlaborinputsandcreateanenvironmentthatishardyandsustainable.(食物森林的天才之處在于其精心設(shè)計(jì)的不同植物物種之間有益相互作用的培養(yǎng)。例如，一些植物可能會(huì)通過(guò)固定氮來(lái)豐富土壤，氮是鄰近植被的天然肥料，而另一些植物則會(huì)自然吸引有益的昆蟲(chóng)，從而提供一種內(nèi)置的害蟲(chóng)控制機(jī)制。這些戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)系減少了對(duì)勞動(dòng)力投入的依賴(lài)，并創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)堅(jiān)韌和可持續(xù)的環(huán)境)”可推知，該段中的例子表明在食物森林中，植物可以以一些方式使其他植物受益。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Foodforestsrequireongoingcareandmaintenance,whichofteninvolvestheparticipationofcommunitymembers.Thiscooperativeeffortdevelopsasenseofsharedresponsibilityandbringspeopletogethertoworktowardsacommongoal.Communitymemberscancometogethertolearnaboutplantingtechniques,sustainablegardeningpractices,andthebenefitsofnativeplants.Thissharedlearningexperiencecreatesaplatformforexchangingideasandskills,promotingasenseofself-reliancewithinthecommunity.(糧食森林需要持續(xù)的照料和維護(hù)，這往往需要社區(qū)成員的參與。這種合作努力培養(yǎng)了一種共同的責(zé)任感，并使人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，為實(shí)現(xiàn)共同目標(biāo)而努力。社區(qū)成員可以聚在一起學(xué)習(xí)種植技術(shù)、可持續(xù)園藝實(shí)踐和本地植物的好處。這種共享的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)為交流思想和技能創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)平臺(tái)，促進(jìn)了社區(qū)內(nèi)的自力更生意識(shí))”可推知，食物森林是將社區(qū)成員聯(lián)系在一起的紐帶。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。YourPathtoEmotionalMaturityEmotionsplayacriticalpartinourlivesandarecontagiousunlessyouknowhowtoactuallycontrolthem.Inordertogrowandthrive,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.____16____.FocusYourEffortsOnSelf-evolutionJustlikeyou,itiscompletelynormalforeveryoneelsetohavetheirownbeliefsandopinions.Keepingthatinmind,it’sbettertounderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothers,youcouldbehurtingyourselfintheprocess.____17____.TryUsing“I”Statements____18____.Use“I”statementslike“Ifeelmiserableandheartbroken”insteadof“Youmakemefeelmiserableandheartbroken.”Thisapproachconveysyouremotionseffectivelywithoutaggression,showcasingemotionalmaturity.____19____Peoplesometimesinteractwithusasifwearemindreaders,especiallyinrelationships.Yourpartnermayexpectyoutounderstandtheirdesires,whichcanbechallenging.Justasyouaren’tamindreader,othersaren’teither.Youneedtocommunicateyourneedstootherpeople,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandobservethepositivechanges.AvoidNegativePeopleYouareknownbythecompanyyoukeep,andthisisalwaystrue.____20____.Ifsurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelmiserable.Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveagoodandsupportingcompanybyyourside.Steerclearofpeoplewhoemotionallymanipulateothers.Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththemimmediately.A.CommunicateYourNeedsB.AlwaysPrioritizeSelf-CareC.Ifsurroundedbyhappyandmotivatedpeople,youwillalwaysbehappyD.Whenupset,expressyourfeelingsopenlybutinanon-aggressivemannerE.ThestrategyinthisstressfulsituationistofocusonothersinsteadofyoursF.TakingfullresponsibilityforyouractionsishowyoubecomeemotionallymatureG.Toenhanceemotionalmaturityandhappiness,self-changeisthebestcourseofaction【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了走向情緒成熟的4個(gè)方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Emotionsplayacriticalpartinourlivesandarecontagiousunlessyouknowhowtoactuallycontrolthem.Inordertogrowandthrive,youmustlearntobeemotionallyintelligent.(情緒在我們的生活中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，除非你知道如何真正控制它們，否則情緒是會(huì)傳染的。為了成長(zhǎng)和茁壯成長(zhǎng)，你必須學(xué)會(huì)在情感上聰明)”可知，文章接下來(lái)要介紹如何才能學(xué)會(huì)在情感上聰明。選項(xiàng)F“對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)全部責(zé)任是你在情感上成熟的方式”和上文意思一致。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Justlikeyou,itiscompletelynormalforeveryoneelsetohavetheirownbeliefsandopinions.Keepingthatinmind,it’sbettertounderstandthatyoucannotchangeothers,nomatterhowhardyoutry.Evenifyoutrychangingothers,youcouldbehurtingyourselfintheprocess.(就像你一樣，其他人都有自己的信仰和觀點(diǎn)是完全正常的。記住這一點(diǎn)，最好明白，無(wú)論你多么努力，你都無(wú)法改變他人。即使你試圖改變別人，你也可能在這個(gè)過(guò)程中傷害到自己)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)應(yīng)關(guān)注個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)變化而非改變他人。選項(xiàng)G“為了增強(qiáng)情感的成熟度和幸福感，自我改變是最好的行動(dòng)方案”和上文意思一致。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Use“I”statementslike“Ifeelmiserableandheartbroken”insteadof“Youmakemefeelmiserableandheartbroken.”Thisapproachconveysyouremotionseffectivelywithoutaggression,showcasingemotionalmaturity.(使用“我”這樣的陳述，比如“我感到痛苦和心碎”，而不是“你讓我感覺(jué)痛苦和心碎?！边@種方法有效地傳達(dá)了你的情緒，沒(méi)有攻擊性，顯示了情緒的成熟)”可知，這一段主要介紹感到痛苦和心碎時(shí)要表達(dá)出來(lái)但不能帶有攻擊性。選項(xiàng)D“沮喪時(shí)，公開(kāi)但不咄咄逼人地表達(dá)自己的感受”和下文意思一致。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Peoplesometimesinteractwithusasifwearemindreaders,especiallyinrelationships.Yourpartnermayexpectyoutounderstandtheirdesires,whichcanbechallenging.Justasyouaren’tamindreader,othersaren’teither.Youneedtocommunicateyourneedstootherpeople,andtheyneedtodothesamewithyou.Shareyourneedswithyourlovedonesandobservethepositivechanges.(人們有時(shí)與我們互動(dòng)，就好像我們是讀心術(shù)的人，尤其是在人際關(guān)系中。你的伴侶可能希望你理解他們的欲望，這可能很有挑戰(zhàn)性。正如你不是一個(gè)讀心術(shù)的人，其他人也不是。你需要將你的需求傳達(dá)給其他人，他們也需要對(duì)你這樣做。與你所愛(ài)的人分享你的需求，并觀察積極的變化)”可知，這一段主要介紹應(yīng)積極主動(dòng)交流需求。選項(xiàng)A“溝通你的需求”和下文意思一致。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifsurroundedbynegativepeoplethatonlybringothersdown,thenyouwillalwaysfeelmiserable.Inordertobeemotionallyintelligent,youmusthaveagoodandsupportingcompanybyyourside.Steerclearofpeoplewhoemotionallymanipulateothers.Wheneveryoufeelsomethinglikethat,cuttieswiththemimmediately.(如果周?chē)际窍麡O的人，只會(huì)讓別人失望，那么你總是會(huì)感到痛苦。為了在情感上變得聰明，你必須有一個(gè)好的、支持你的伙伴在身邊。避開(kāi)那些在情感上操縱他人的人。每當(dāng)你有這種感覺(jué)時(shí)，立即與他們斷絕關(guān)系)”可知，這一段主要介紹要避免和消極的人在一起。選項(xiàng)C“如果周?chē)际强鞓?lè)而積極的人，你就會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)快樂(lè)”和下文意思一致。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ayearago,HialeahGardensHighSchoolstudentWendyChaimetSnowball,theAmericanEskimodog.Chai,whois16yearsold,was____21____withanxietyanddepressionwhenshewas13,butthankstoan____22____startedatherhighschoolinHialeahGardens,Florida,shehasreliedonSnowballtohelpher____23____theday.Theprogram,S.A.F.E.(SupportAnimalsforEveryone),was___24___bystudentsatherschoolin2022.It___25___certainstudentstobringsupportanimalstoschoolandalsomakessupportanimals____26____tostudentsandstaffduringschoolhours.ThestudentspresentedtheirprojecttotheAspenChallengeinMiami.Theinitiativewonthethirdplace.S.A.F.EPresidentNaomiGallardo,17,explainedthat____27____toanimalshelpsstudentsrelaxafterexams.“Webringdifferenttypesofanimals—dogs,cats,rabbits,snakes—accordingtoour____28____andfancies,”Naomisaid.“Wehostannualoccasions____29____ataddressingmentalhealth.”Formany,talkingaboutmentalhealthis____30____duetothenegativestereotypesandsocial____31____surroundingtheissue.Thepresenceofatrainedanimalasemotionalsupport____32____helpstobreakdownthatpsychological____33____.Byprovidingstudentswithvarioussupportanimalsand____34____dialogue,S.A.F.E.continuestocreateasaferandmore____35____environmentforall.21.A.diagnosed B.annoyed C.walked D.helped22.A.experiment B.opportunity C.initiative D.experience23.A.goacross B.passby C.getalong D.getthrough24.A.informed B.launched C.discovered D.transformed25.A.forbids B.allows C.facilitates D.discourages26.A.available B.convenient C.reliable D.responsible27.A.limitation B.opposition C.exposure D.similarity28.A.facts B.items C.conditions D.preferences29.A.stared B.glared C.aimed D.arrived30.A.simple B.tough C.rough D.delicate31.A.pride B.patience C.generosity D.prejudice32.A.seldom B.usually C.regularly D.rarely33.A.barrier B.access C.connection D.bridge34.A.recording B.interesting C.encouraging D.controlling35.A.supportive B.critical C.cooperative D.independent【答案】21.A22.C