浙江省北斗星盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月適應(yīng)性考試英語(yǔ)試題卷

絕密★考試結(jié)束前浙江省北斗星盟高三適應(yīng)性考試英語(yǔ)試題卷考生須知：1.本卷共10頁(yè)滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘;2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效;4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例如，你將聽(tīng)到以下內(nèi)容：1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whyisthemanstressedout?A.Hehastoassesshisperformance.B.Hehasn’ttriedhisbestallsemester.C.Hehastopreparealotinalimitedtime.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoufeelaboutthefinalassessmentthissemester?M:I’mabitnervous.There’ssomuchtocoverandonlysolittletimelefttoprepare.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.JustdoyourbestandI’msureyou’llbeokay.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Intheoffice. B.Athome. C.Inahospital.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Maggie,youlookpale,what’swrong?W:Iamrunningatemperature.M:Whydon’tyougotoseeadoctor?W:Yeah,IthinkIshould.ButIhavetomakeapresentationtotheboardrightnow.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanwanttoreturntheshirt?A.Becauseoftheterribledesign.B.Becauseoftheunsuitablesize.C.Becauseoftheeyecatchingcolor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I’dliketoreturnthisshirt.M:Yes,madam,butwhat’swrongwithit?W:Well,thoughit’swelldesigned,witheyepleasingcolor,itdoesn’tfitmewell.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Designingatalentshow.B.Organizingasportspetition.C.Planningstudentcouncilactivities.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Ithinkforthenextstudentcouncilactivityweshouldorganizeasportspetition.W:Thatsoundsfun,butwhataboutthosewhoaren’tintosports?Maybewecouldalsohaveatalentshoworaculturalevent.M:Greatidea!Wecouldhaveavarietyofactivitiestomeeteveryone’sinterests.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whataspectof“NationalGeographic”appealstothewoman?A.Latestnews. B.Diversetopics. C.Uniqueviewpoints.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,haveyoureadthelatestissueof“Reader’sDigest”?It’sgreatforcreativeanduniqueviewpoints.W:Thanks!Iprefer“NationalGeographic”formorewiderangingtopics.MaybeI’llcheckout“Reader’sDigest”too.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Sisterandbrother. C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatdotheyplantodo?A.Buyanicewatch. B.Recordaspecialalbum. C.Arrangeafamilydinner.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Heysis,dad’sbirthdayisingup.Whatshouldwegethim?W:Hmm,maybeanicewatchorapersonalizedphotoalbum?M:Iliketheideaofapersonalizedphotoalbum.Wecouldincludeourfamilymemoriesandmakeitreallyspecial.W:That’sagreatidea!Itwouldbeameaningfulandthoughtfulgift.M:Let’salsoplanafamilydinnertocelebrateit.W:Goodidea,wecaninviteclosefamilyandfriendstomakeitamemorablecelebration.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanlikebestinthenewcafe?A.Coffee. B.Atmosphere. C.Book.9.Whatdoesthewomanplantodothisweekend?A.Checkoutsomebooks. B.Makeblueberrymuffin. C.Explorethecafewiththeman.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:HeyEmily,haveyouhadachancetocheckoutthatnewcafedowntown?W:Oh,notyet.Isitanygood?M:Absolutely!Ithasthiscozycornerwithsoftchairs–perfectforgettinglostinagoodbook.Theatmosphereisfantastic,butwhatattractsmemostisthecoffeeitself.W:Really?I’malwaysonthelookoutforagoodcoffeespotandaquietplacetoread.Whatelsedoithave?M:Well,besidesthecoffee,itoffersavarietyofsnacks.Theblueberrymuffinisreallyamazing.W:Yum!I’msold.Let’scheckitoutthisweekend.M:Greatidea!Wecangrabacoffee,enjoysomeblueberrymuffin,andcatchup.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatmotivatedthemantobeeaprofessionalbasketballplayer?A.Hishighlevelskills. B.Hisloveforthegame. C.Hischildhoodexperience.11.Whatisthehardestpartofbeingaprofessionalbasketballplayer?A.Tofitinwiththetrainingroutine.B.Tocopewiththeconstantpressure.C.Tomeetthephysicalandmentaldemandsofthegame.12.Whatsuggestionsdoesthemangivetoyoungathletes?A.Bealearneranddoer.B.Beanenthusiastanddreamer.C.Beasupporterandteamworker.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:HiMichael,weleto“CelebrityTalk”.Canyouintroduceyourselftoouraudience?M:Ofcourse,mynameisMichaelandIamaprofessionalbasketballplayer.W:Greattohaveyouhere,Michael.Whatinspiredyoutobeeaprofessionalbasketballplayer?M:Well,I’vebeenplayingbasketballsinceIwasakid.Ifellinlovewiththegameandalwaysdreamedofplayingatthehighestlevel.W:That’swonderful.Beingaprofessionalathleterequiresalotofhardworkanddevotion.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostchallengingaspectofbeingaprofessionalbasketballplayer?M:Ithinkoneofthebiggestchallengesisthephysicalandmentaldemandsofthegame.Theconstanttraining,travel,andthepressuretoperformatahighlevelcanbeoverwhelmingattimes.W:Icanimagine.Whatadvicewouldyougivetoyoungaspiringathleteswhowanttopursueacareerinbasketball?M:Iwouldtellthemtostayfocused,workhard,andnevergiveupontheirdreams.Surroundyourselfwithgoodadvisorsandteammates,andalwaysbewillingtolearnandimprove.W:Thankyouforyourinsights,Michael.Iappreciateyourtimeandwishyouthebestofluckinyourfuturegames.M:Thankyou,it’sbeenapleasurespeakingwithyou.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Howdidthemannoticetheproblemfirst?A.Hisbankcalledhim. B.Hisbillshowedhim. C.Hiscreditcardwasstolen.14.Whatdothebankdotofixtheproblem?A.Theygivethemanhismoneybackatonce.B.Theydecidetotalktothebank’smanager.C.Theyaskthemantoprovidetheevidence.15.Whatmighthavecausedtheproblemaccordingtotheman?A.Unsafewebsite. B.Overduedebt. C.Improperdownload.16.Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Shoppinghabits. B.Moneymanagement. C.Informationsafety.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tbelievethis.Ihavebeenonthephonewithmybankalldayandtheystillhaven’tfixedmyproblem.W:Isitacreditcardproblem?M:Yes.Mycreditcardinformationwasstolen.WhenIgotmybillinthemail,Isawthereweremanyunfamiliarpurchasesonit.W:That’sterrible.Didtheytakealotofmoney?M:Yes,andIamveryupsetbecausethebankisnothelpingmequickly.W:Doesn’tthebank’smanagerdecidetogiveyourmoneyback?M:No.Ijusthavetoprovethatthesepurchaseswerenotmadebyme.IthinkthepersonwhostolemyinformationgotitfromtheInternet.Ididn’tdownloadanythingrecently.Ijustboughtacollectionofmovies.Iwon’tbedoingthatagainunlessthewebsiteissuretobesafe.It’shonestlymyfaultforbeingcareless.W:Youcanneverbetoocareful.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatwillToddMessegeeberesponsiblefor?A.Writingaplay. B.Directingaplay. C.Starringinaplay.18.Whatwillparticipantsmainlydobythefourthday?A.Practicetheplay.B.Attendalectureonacting.C.Performonstageformally.19.Whatissuggestedbythespeaker?A.Signingupearly.B.Receivingtopleveltraining.C.Developingplexcharacters.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Makingaplanforaplay.B.Recruitingactorsforaplay.C.Announcingarrangementsforaplay.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Nowwehaveaprogramforthosewholoveacting.Thisprogramgivesyoungactorstheexperienceofdevelopingplexcharactersandperformingafulllengthproductionwhilereceivingtopleveltraining.Eachactorwillreceivearoleandwillbegiventimetoshineonthestageattheendoftheweek.Childrenagedbetween13and18cantakepartintheprogram.TheplayiswrittenbyLisaNanniMessegee.ToddMessegeewillbethedirector.OnthefirstMondaywemeet,actorsactforsometimetofindasuitableroleintheplay.Bytheendoftheday,theybegindevelopingcharactersandlearningabouttheplay.Thiscontinuesthroughmidweek,alongwithfocusonspecialtyskillsthatmaybeneededintheproduction.Onthesedays,they’llreceivesometrainingonacting.ByThursday,theactorsarerunningtheshowoffbookandmemorizingtheirmaterial.ByFriday,thewholegroupisperformingonstage,inarecordedperformance.Adigitalcopyoftheperformancewillbesharedwithactorsaftertheprogramisplete.Thisisaveryexcitingchallengeforanyactor!It’llbeginonJuly26thandendon30th.Practicingtimeisfrom9:00amto4:00pmeveryday.Onlytenwillbeadmitted.Ifyou’reinterested,contactusearly.Duetosafetyrestrictions,spaceisextremelylimitedineachagegroup.Registeringearlyisremended.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AStudyAreasinIowaStateUniversity’sLibraryQuietAreaThePeriodicalRoomonFloor2isaQuietZone,requiringanabsoluteminimumofnoiseanddistraction.Usersarepletelybannedfromconversations(includingmobilephones),andnogroupworkisallowed.GroupStudyRooms?GroupstudyroomsmustbereservedonlineusingavalidUniversityaccountandaUniversityCardonafirstefirstservedbasis.?ThirteenroomsareavailableforgroupswantingtoworktogetherintheLibrary.?Reservationscanbemadeupto30daysinadvance.?Groupshave15minutesafterthestartoftheirreservationtoarrive.Ifagrouphasnotclaimedtheirstudyspacebythattimetheirreservationwillbecancelled.ResearchStudyRooms?Researchstudyroomsareassignedtoindividualusersforresearchandotherscholarlyactivitiesthatrequireextensiveuseoflibrarymaterials.?ApplicationscanbepickedupattheCirculationDeskintheLibraryorrequestoneviaemailatlibstudy@iastate.edu.?Thereisusuallyawaitinglistfortheserooms.Applicationsshouldbemadeinadvanceifpossible.Generally,theseroomsaresharedspacesbecauseofthehighlevelofdemand.?Essentialequipmentisprovidedforeachstudy,andadditionalequipmentmaynotbeaddedwithoutauthorization.TheLibraryisnotresponsibleforpersonalproperty(laptops,textbooks,notebooks,etc)leftintheserooms.AllLibraryrulesandregulationsapplytotheserooms.Foodandfruitareforbidden,thoughdrinksincovered,spillproofcontainersarepermitted.?Attheendoftheassignedperiod,thekeyissuedforeachstudyroommustbereturnedpromptlytoCirculationstaffortheuserwillbebilled.21.WhatmaybesuggesteddoinginthePeriodicalRoom?A.Readinginsmallgroups. B.Havingadiscussioninalowvoice.C.Puttingone’sstuffinorder. D.Settingone’sphoneonsilentmode.22.Whatconditionshouldbemettobookagroupstudyroom?A.Possessinganactivestudentcard.B.Leavingphonesoutoftheroom.C.Groupsconsistingofover15members.D.Fillinginanapplicationform30daysearlier.23.WhatisprohibitedinaResearchStudyRoom?A.Personalputers. B.Bottledwater. C.Sandwiches. D.Studymaterials.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了Iowa州立大學(xué)圖書(shū)館的不同分區(qū)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章QuietArea部分內(nèi)容“ThePeriodicalRoomonFloor2isaQuietZone,requiringanabsoluteminimumofnoiseanddistraction.Usersarepletelybannedfromconversations(includingmobilephones),andnogroupworkisallowed.(二樓的期刊室是一個(gè)安靜的區(qū)域，要求絕對(duì)的最小噪音和干擾。用戶被完全禁止對(duì)話（包括），也不允許小組工作。)”可知，二樓的期刊室是一個(gè)安靜的區(qū)域，要求絕對(duì)的最小噪音和干擾，故可推知其建議將調(diào)至靜音模式，故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GroupStudyRooms部分“GroupstudyroomsmustbereservedonlineusingavalidUniversityaccountandaUniversityCardonafirstefirstservedbasis.(小組自習(xí)室必須使用有效的大學(xué)賬戶和大學(xué)卡在線預(yù)訂，遵循先到先得的原則。)”可知，想要預(yù)訂小組自習(xí)室，需要持有有效的學(xué)生卡，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ResearchStudyRooms部分“Foodandfruitareforbidden,thoughdrinksincovered,spillproofcontainersarepermitted.(食物和飲料是被禁止的，但飲料可以放在有蓋的防濺容器里。)”可知，三明治是食物，是禁止帶進(jìn)的，故選C。BForalongtime,IkeptaselectionofbooksonashelfnexttomybedthatIcalledmy“heartbooks”.Toqualifyforaplaceontheshelf,abookhadtobenotonlyoneIloved,butonethatmattered.Therewasonebookthatnevermadeitontothatshelf,thoughIreaditinhighschool:WritingDowntheBonesbyNatalieGoldberg.IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit.ThenItookitwithmetoapark,readthefirstfewchapters,andopenedmynotebooktowrite.It’safairlystraightforwardwritingbook.Goldberg’smethodissimple:youchooseatopic,setatimer,andwritefor10,15,or20minuteswithoutpickingupyourpen.Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewhohastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.It’snotearthshattering.TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.Duringmyteenyearsandearlytwenties,followingGoldberg’smethodwasatthecoreofmyidentity.NomatterwhereIwasorwhatIwasdoing,Ifillednotebooks.WhenIeventuallystartedwritingfiction,Ididthesamething.The“I”inmynotebooksbecamesomeoneelse,butIheldtothesamepractice.ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Beingawriterallowedmetobeesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.24.HowdidtheauthorencounterWritingDowntheBones?A.Byfollowingaselectionof“heartbooks”.B.Byreferringtoabooklistaboutwriting.C.ByremendationofNatalieGoldberg.D.Byseekingwritingbooksonabookshelf.25.Whatdoestheword“earthshattering”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Remarkable. B.Useful. C.Controversial. D.Amusing.26.WhatcanweinferaboutWritingDowntheBones?A.Itinspiredtheauthortobeawriter.B.Itwasthefirstnoveltheauthorread.C.Itmadetheauthorstarttolovewriting.D.Itisoneofthebookstheauthorreadsmost.27.Whichofthefollowingisansweredbythelastparagraph?A.Whatistheauthor’slifelikerightnow?B.Whatdidtheauthordointhewritinggroup?C.Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?D.Whydidtheauthorgiveupthewritingpractice?【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇回憶性散文。文章主要敘述作者閱讀《WritingDowntheBones》這本書(shū)的經(jīng)歷，探討寫(xiě)作對(duì)自己的影響，以及對(duì)自我成長(zhǎng)、人生方向等主題的感悟?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“IcanstillrememberthedayIboughtit.ItwassummerandImusthavebeen14or15.Desperatetogetoutofmyhouse,Irodemybikeintotownandwalkedintothebookstore.Iwasgoingthroughtheshelfofbooksonwritinganditcaughtmyeye.Ipickeditup,readafewpages,andboughtit.(我仍然記得我買(mǎi)它的那天。那是一個(gè)夏天，我大概14或15歲。不顧一切地想離開(kāi)我的房子，我騎著自行車進(jìn)城，走進(jìn)書(shū)店。我在翻閱書(shū)架上關(guān)于寫(xiě)作的書(shū)時(shí)，這本書(shū)引起了我的注意。我拿起它，讀了幾頁(yè)，就買(mǎi)了下來(lái)。)”可知，作者是一次在書(shū)店在翻閱書(shū)架上關(guān)于寫(xiě)作的書(shū)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)《WritingDowntheBones》這本書(shū)的。故選D。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Freewriting,timedwriting,writingtopics:anyonewhohastakenacreativewritingclassmayhaveencounteredthesethings.(自由寫(xiě)作，定時(shí)寫(xiě)作，寫(xiě)作主題：任何上過(guò)創(chuàng)意寫(xiě)作課的人都可能遇到過(guò)這些事情。)”以及劃線單詞下一句“TherewasnothingparticularlyneworunusualaboutthebooksoIcan’tsaywhyitattractedmesomuch.(這本書(shū)并沒(méi)有什么特別新穎或不同尋常的地方，所以我也說(shuō)不出為什么它如此吸引我。)”可推測(cè)，劃線單詞指的應(yīng)該是“極棒的、引人注目的”，和空前的“not”結(jié)合，指的是書(shū)中的方法并不是那么引人注目。選項(xiàng)A“Remarkable(引人注目)”；選項(xiàng)B“Useful(有用的)”；選項(xiàng)C“Controversial(有爭(zhēng)議的)”；選項(xiàng)D“Amusing(有趣的)”。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butitchangedeverything.Iwentfrombeingsomeonewhoenjoyedwritingtobeingawriter.(但它改變了一切。我從一個(gè)喜歡寫(xiě)作的人變成了一個(gè)作家。)”可知，《WritingDowntheBones》這本書(shū)改變了作者，使作者從一個(gè)喜歡寫(xiě)作的人變成了一個(gè)作家。故選A。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThiswritingpracticeledmetoawritinggroupinBoston.Itledmetomycurrentcareer.Itledme,insomanyways,tomyself.Beingawriterallowedmetobeesomanyotherthings:anactivist,abusinessowner,afarmer,abaker...WritingiswhereIfoundmyconfidence.ItwaswhereIbecamecuriousabouttheworld.Fromthat,everythingelsehasfollowed.(這種寫(xiě)作練習(xí)讓我加入了波士頓的一個(gè)寫(xiě)作小組。這讓我有了現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)。在很多方面，它讓我找回了自己。成為一名作家讓我成為了許多其他的身份：一個(gè)活動(dòng)家，一個(gè)企業(yè)主，一個(gè)農(nóng)民，一個(gè)面包師……寫(xiě)作是我找到自信的地方。在那里，我開(kāi)始對(duì)這個(gè)世界充滿好奇。從那以后，其他一切都隨之而來(lái)。)”可知，最后一段講述的是這種寫(xiě)作練習(xí)使作者擁有了現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)，成為了一名作家，并且使作者成為了許多其他的身份：一個(gè)活動(dòng)家，一個(gè)企業(yè)主，一個(gè)農(nóng)民，一個(gè)面包師等。由此可推測(cè)，這一段回答了選項(xiàng)C“Howhasthewritingpracticeshapedtheauthor?(寫(xiě)作練習(xí)如何塑造了作者？)”這一問(wèn)題。故選C。CPersonalityusedtobeaonepercustomerdeal:likeitornot,youwerewhoyouwere,andlyingtoapenpalwasabouttheclosestyoucouldgettohaveadifferentego.Thatwasthen.WiththeappearanceofMySpace,Facebook,andothersocialnetworkingsites,asecond,carefullycraftedidentityisnowavailabletoanyonewithanInternetconnection.Andthathaspsychologistswonder:justhowwelldotheseonlinepersonalitiesmatchthepersonsittingatthekeyboard?Theanswer,itturnsout,isprettywell.Inarecentstudyof133undergraduateswithFacebookprofiles,UniversityofTexaspsychologistSamuelD.Goslingmeasuredthecorrelationbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff,andfound—contrarytotheassumptionthatsocialnetworkingsitescan’tcaptureone’sfeatures—thatthestudentsrepresentedthemselvesquitefaithfully.Goslingsurveyedthegrouponastandardfivepointpersonalitytest,whichmeasuresextroversion(外向性),agreeableness,senseofresponsibility,emotionalstability,andopennesstonewexperiences.ThenheratedthesamesubjectsbasedonlyontheirFacebookprofiles,whichusuallyincludedphotosandlistsofinterests,fromacademicmajorstofavoritebooksandmovies.Goslingfoundacorrelationbetweenassessmentsinfourofthefivecategories,withemotionalstabilityastheonlyoneshowingnosignificantresultsacrosspersonalandonlineassessments.(Goslingsayshewasnotsurprisedatthelatter,sinceemotionalstabilityissomethingthatpeoplearegoodathidingacrossmostmedia.)Whileextroversionshowedthehighestcorrelation,thestudysuggeststhat“opennesstonewexperience”isperhapsbetterconveyedonlinethaninperson.“Facebookusersdon’ttendtoputalotofpersonalinformationontheirpages,”Goslingsays,sosomeonewhopostedtouchingpersonalstories,forexample,mighteoffasoversharingwithoutintendingto.Inshort,saysGosling,Facebookusersaren’tgenerallyusingthesiteasanimagebuffer,aresumeenhancer,oraseparateself.“Theyjustuseitasamediumforsociallife.”28.Whatistheusualassumptionaboutsocialnetworkingsites?A.Theyprovidegoodstudyplatforms.B.Theycontaintotallyfakeinformation.C.Theycouldn’tshowone’srealnature.D.Theyarefriendlytovariouspersonalities.29.Whichshowednoconnectionbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff?A.Opennesstonewexperience. B.Extroversion.C.Senseofresponsibility. D.Emotionalstability.30.WhydoFacebookusersstaytruetothemselvesonline?A.Truepersonalitybeautifiesimage.B.Thesiteisamediumforsociallife.C.Onlycheatsinvestinafalseidentity.D.Variousinterestscanbesharedthere.31.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceafinding. B.Toofferaremendation.C.Todefendaviewpoint. D.Topresentaphenomenon.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了心里學(xué)家通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明Facebook用戶總是在網(wǎng)上是保持自我，他們?cè)诰€上和線下的性格匹配的很好，因?yàn)樗麄冎皇菍⒕W(wǎng)絡(luò)當(dāng)作社交生活的媒介?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inarecentstudyof133undergraduateswithFacebookprofiles,UniversityofTexaspsychologistSamuelD.Goslingmeasuredthecorrelationbetweenpersonalitytestsonlineandoff,andfound—contrarytotheassumptionthatsocialnetworkingsitescan’tcaptureone’sfeatures—thatthestudentsrepresentedthemselvesquitefaithfully.(得克薩斯大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家SamuelD.Goslin最近對(duì)133名擁有Facebook資料的本科生進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，他測(cè)量了線上和線下人格測(cè)試的關(guān)系，并發(fā)現(xiàn)，與社交無(wú)法捕捉一個(gè)人的特征的假設(shè)相反，學(xué)生們?nèi)鐚?shí)地表現(xiàn)了自己。)”可知，關(guān)于社交網(wǎng)站，常見(jiàn)的假設(shè)是網(wǎng)上無(wú)法正確地判定一個(gè)人的性格特征，因此網(wǎng)絡(luò)不能表現(xiàn)出一個(gè)人的真實(shí)本性，故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Goslingfoundacorrelationbetweenassessmentsinfourofthefivecategories,withemotionalstabilityastheonlyoneshowingnosignificantresultsacrosspersonalandonlineassessments.(Gosling發(fā)現(xiàn)，五個(gè)類別中，有四個(gè)類別的評(píng)估之間存在相關(guān)性，情緒穩(wěn)定性是唯一一個(gè)在個(gè)人與在線評(píng)估中沒(méi)有顯著結(jié)果的類別。)”可知，情緒穩(wěn)定性在線上和線下的測(cè)試中沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)性，故選D。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inshort,saysGosling,Facebookusersaren’tgenerallyusingthesiteasanimagebuffer,aresumeenhancer,oraseparateself.“Theyjustuseitasamediumforsociallife.”(簡(jiǎn)而言之，F(xiàn)acebook的用戶通常不會(huì)將該網(wǎng)站用作形象緩沖，簡(jiǎn)歷的提升或者是獨(dú)立的自我?！八麄冎皇前阉鳛樯缃簧畹拿浇椤?。)”可知，F(xiàn)acebook的用戶只是將網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為社交生活的媒介，因此他們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上保持自我，故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段末“Andthathaspsychologistswonder:justhowwelldotheseonlinepersonalitiesmatchthepersonsittingatthekeyboard?(這讓心理學(xué)家們想知道：這些在線的個(gè)性與坐在鍵盤(pán)胖的人到底匹配得多好？)”可知，第一段末提出問(wèn)題，這些人在線上的個(gè)性與本人到底匹配多少，第二段“Theanswer,itturnsout,isprettywell.(事實(shí)證明，答案是很好。)”回答問(wèn)題，并說(shuō)明心理學(xué)家實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程，證明Facebook用戶總是在網(wǎng)上是保持自我，因?yàn)樗麄冎皇菍⒕W(wǎng)絡(luò)當(dāng)做社交生活的媒介，故本文主要目的是為了介紹心理學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選A。DTherearecloseto7,000languagesspokenonEarth.However,it’sestimatedthatbytheendofthiscentury,upto50%ofthemmaybelost.It’smonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).Butissentimentalityreallytheonlymotivationforpreservinglanguagediversity?Speakersofendangeredlanguagesoftenliveinremoteareaswithuniquelandform.Itisquitemonfortheselanguagestodistinguishbetweenhundredsmoretypesofplantsandanimalsthanthoseknowntomodernscience.Forexample,inSoutheastAsia,sometribeshavediscoveredthemedicinalpropertiesofoversixtyfivehundredplantspecies.Thishasledtomanyoflandmarkachievementsinmedicine.Itwasoncebelievedthatthelimitsofone’slanguagedefinedthelimitsofone’sthought.Thistheory,calledtheSapirWharfhypothesis(假說(shuō)),hasbeenlargelyrejectedinfavoroftheimprovedversion,whichassumesthatthelanguagewespeakdoesnotsetthelimitsofourthoughts,butitdoesdirectourfocusincertainways.Forexample,Englishisatensebasedlanguage.It’snearlyimpossibletotalkaboutdoingsomethingwithoutspecifyingthetime—i.e.Iwenttotheparty(past),I’mgoingtotheparty(present),orI’llgototheparty(future).ThisdiffersfromChinese,whereit’sperfectlyreasonabletosay,“Igototheparty”withoutdefiningthe“when”.Thus,partoftherichnessoflanguageisthatitallowsustoorganizetheworldinsomanyuniqueways.Somelanguagescategorizetheworldinwayssodifferentfromourownthattheyaredifficulttoconceptualize(概念化).TheUnitedStatesemployednativeNavajospeakerstocreateasystemofmessagecodingduringtheSecondWorldWar.TheJapanesewereneverabletobreakit,andthe“codetalkers”areoftencitedtodayashavinghelpeddecidetheouteofthewar.Aswe’vealreadyseen,minoritylanguagesarevaluableformanypracticalreasons.Inconclusion,I’dsaytheshortanswerisyes—dyinglanguagesarecertainlyworthsaving!32.Whatdopeopletendtothinkofminoritylanguages?A.Valueless. B.Timehonored. C.Informal. D.Stable.33.Howcanwebenefitfromendangeredlanguagesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Wecandiscoverdrugsinamuchsaferway.B.Wedon’thavetorelyonmodernmedicine.C.Wecanacquireabroadknowledgeofnature.D.Wecanlearnhowtoprotectplantsandanimals.34.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSecondWorldWar?A.TocorrecttheSapirWharfhypothesis.B.Toprovethevalueofminoritylanguages.C.Toshowwars’roleinpreservingalanguage.D.Toexplainwaystoconservesomelanguages.35.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Aremajoritylanguagesworthvaluing?B.Arewewillingtosavedyinglanguages?C.Shouldendangeredlanguagesbesaved?D.Isthefutureofminoritylanguagesbright?【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了少數(shù)語(yǔ)言以及一些瀕危的語(yǔ)言被看作是感情用事，但卻舉例論證瀕危的語(yǔ)言對(duì)社會(huì)在歷史上以及現(xiàn)在帶來(lái)的好處。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’smonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).(人們普遍認(rèn)為，多數(shù)語(yǔ)言往往因有用和促進(jìn)進(jìn)步而受到重視，而少數(shù)語(yǔ)言則被視為進(jìn)步的障礙，對(duì)它們的重視主要被視為感情用事的。)”可知，少數(shù)語(yǔ)言被視為進(jìn)步的障礙，是沒(méi)有價(jià)值的，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Forexample,inSoutheastAsia,sometribeshavediscoveredthemedicinalpropertiesofoversixtyfivehundredplantspecies.Thishasledtomanyoflandmarkachievementsinmedicine.(例如，在東南亞，一些部落已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了6500多種植物的藥用特性。這帶來(lái)了醫(yī)學(xué)上許多里程碑意義的成就。)”可知，一些瀕危的語(yǔ)言可以幫助人們?cè)谔囟ǖ念I(lǐng)域拓寬知識(shí)，故我們可以通過(guò)瀕危的語(yǔ)言來(lái)拓寬自然的知識(shí)，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Somelanguagescategorizetheworldinwayssodifferentfromourownthattheyaredifficulttoconceptualize(概念化).TheUnitedStatesemployednativeNavajospeakerstocreateasystemofmessagecodingduringtheSecondWorldWar.TheJapanesewereneverabletobreakit,andthe“codetalkers”areoftencitedtodayashavinghelpeddecidetheouteofthewar.(一些語(yǔ)言以與我們截然不同的方式將世界分類，以至于很難將它概念化。二戰(zhàn)期間，美國(guó)故用了以納瓦霍語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人來(lái)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)信息編碼系統(tǒng)。日本人從來(lái)沒(méi)能破解它，今天人們常常引用“密碼通話員”，因?yàn)樗鼛椭藳Q定這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果。)”可知，文章提到二戰(zhàn)是為了證明納瓦霍語(yǔ)在二戰(zhàn)中起到的關(guān)鍵性的作用，使得日本人無(wú)法破解，從而帶來(lái)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利，故其是為了證明一些少數(shù)語(yǔ)言的價(jià)值，故選B。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“It’smonlythoughtthatmajoritylanguagestendtobevaluedforbeingusefulandforpromotingprogress,whileminoritylanguagesareseenasbarrierstoprogress,andthevalueplacedonthemisseenmainlyassentimental(感情用事的).Butissentimentalityreallytheonlymotivationforpreservinglanguagediversity?(人們普遍認(rèn)為，多數(shù)語(yǔ)言往往因有用和促進(jìn)進(jìn)步而受到重視，而少數(shù)語(yǔ)言則被視為進(jìn)步的障礙，對(duì)它們的重視主要被視為感情用事的。但是感情用事真的是保持語(yǔ)言多樣性的唯一動(dòng)機(jī)嗎？)”可知，文章提出了少數(shù)語(yǔ)言以及一些瀕危的語(yǔ)言被看作是感情用事，文章從第三段舉例論證瀕危的語(yǔ)言對(duì)社會(huì)在歷史上以及現(xiàn)在帶來(lái)的好處，故C項(xiàng)“瀕危語(yǔ)言應(yīng)該被保存下來(lái)嗎？”符合文章標(biāo)題，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wealllosemotivationfromtimetotime.We’rehumanbeings,notmachines,andwedon’talwayspossessthesteamweneedtokeepgoing.____36____Fromgettingridofdistractions,remindingyourselfofyourgoals,totakingawelldeservedbreaktorechargeyourbatteries,thisarticlewillexploretipstohelpyourestoreyourdrive.____37____Beforedevotingtimetoanyspecificendeavor(努力),makesureyouknowexactlywhatyou’resettingouttodo—andwhenyouhopetoacplishit.Apartfromsettingachievabletargets,youshouldalsoestablishregularcheckpointstotrackyourprogress.Ifyouarefallingbehindwithyourgoals,itmaybethekickstartyouneedtohelpgetyoubackontrack.Give