2022屆上海市浦東新區(qū)高考二模英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

浦東新區(qū)2021學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高三英語(yǔ)試卷

考生注意：

1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。

2.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙

上，做在試卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和姓名。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Figureskating.B.Snowboarding.

C.Speedskating.D.Freestyleskiing.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Didyoucatchanyofthesnowboardingeventsthiswinter?

M:Don'tgetmestarted.Besidesfigureskatingandspeedskating,thisisanothersportthatattractsme.

Q:Whateventarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Customerandshopassistant.B.Waiterandcustomer.

C.Bossandemployee.D.Doctorandpatient.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:We'dlovetoordertwosmallones.Thatway,wecouldenjoytwodifferentkindsofpizza.

W:Sure,sir.Waitaminute.Whatkindofsaucedoyouprefer?

Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Inafitnessclub.B.Atthestationery.

C.Attheairport.D.Inagrocerystore.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］W:Howmanypiecesofluggagedoyouneedtocheckin,sir?Pleaseputthemonthescale.

M:Ihavethreebags,twotocheckinandonetocarryon.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.$50,000.B.$40,000.C.$41,000.D.$11,000.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］M:Wow,whatacoolcar!But50,000dollarsistooexpensive.20%offwouldbefair.

W:Youareasmarterbuyer.Ifso,wewillhavetoaddthetax,whichisabout1000dollars.

Q:Howmuchmightbethefinalofferforthecar?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Silver.B.Pale.C.Dark.D.Brown.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］W:It'ssilver.Yourmaskisprettyinteresting.Itgoeswellwithyourpaleskinandbrownhair.

M:WhenIwalkedoutofthedoor,itwasdarkinthehouse.Igrabbedthisonefromthetable.

Q:What'sthecoloroftheman'smask?

6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Indifferent.B.Supportive.C.Objective.D.Disapproving.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Asanewparent,youaredoingagoodjob.Youmusthavelearntalotfromyourparents.

W:Leavingthechildunattendedathomeisacrimetomyparents.Tome,a24-hourdutywillburnmeout.

Q:Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardsherparents9parenting?

7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Takemoderateexercise.B.Increasecoffeeintake.

C.Eatorganicfood.D.Gotobedearly.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］W:Afixofcoffeefuelsme,butwhenitistakenatnight,Iwilllieawakeforseveralhours.

M:Coffeeisbynomeansasustainableoptionwhilemoderatemovementliftsenergyandbenefitssleep.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Trafficburden.B.Diseasecontrol.

C.Payconflicts.D.Laborshortage.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Ittakesmoretimeforustogetourdeliveriesthesedays.Isitrelatedtothetrafficorvirus?

W:Takeiteasy.Youknowsomeworkersdidn'trushbacktoresumetheirjobsafterthespringfestival.

Q:Whyhavealotofdeliveriesbeendelayedthesedays?

9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看1

A.Thewomanreceivedaresumejustnow.

B.Thewomanwillbepromotednextmonth.

C.Thewomanshouldhandletheproblemsoon.

D.Thewomandemandsapayriseintheresume.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】W:It'ssoembarrassing.Isentmyresumetomycurrentemployerbymistake.

M:Thafsafatalmistake.Forgetaboutyourpromotionorsalaryrisethisyear.Youhavetosmooththingsoverin

thenextfewmonths.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Themanfellfromthechair.B.Themanwasshockedatthenews.

C.Thecouplewereverychangeable.D.Thecoupletiedtworopeswithaknot.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:IalmostfelloffmychairwhenIwastoldtheyhadgotdivorced.

W:Thingschange.Wshardfortwototieaknot.Ithoughttheywerethehappiestcoupleintheworld.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,but

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossible

answersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyou

haveheard.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11.

A.Tomakeprofitfbrthefamily.B.Tocontactthefamilymemberinprison.

C.Tobrowsedifferentwebsites.D.Toteachchildrenprogrammingskills.

12.

A.Hertakingin10,000womeninherorganization.

B.Hercontributioninhelpingmanyprisonedpeople.

C.Herabilityincodingandrunningaprogrammingbusiness.

D.Herdecisivenessinbravingchallengesandhelpingwomen.

13.

A.JayJay'spersonalexperiencesandcontribution.

B.ThefamilyinfluenceonJayJay'spersonality.

C.ThegoalandexpansionofPhotoPatch.

D.RequirementsoftheVoicesofChange.

【答案】U.B12.D13.A

【解析】

［原文］JayJayPattonlearnedtocodewhenshewasjust10yearsold.At12,shecreatedherfirstappforher

dad'snon-profit,thePhotoPatchFoundation.Herfatherstartedthewebsitewhenhewasinprisonandstruggling

tokeepincontactwithfamilymembers.

Uponcominghome,JayJayandherfatherexpandedthefoundationtogetherandcreatedafreeapptohelp

childrenstayconnectedwiththeirparentsbehindbars.Now,fouryearslater,shejustlaunchedthesecondversion

ofthePhotoPatchapp,whichallowskidstouploadphotosandlettersfortheirparentswithmoreease."Ireally

enjoyitbecauseitisgettingmepreparedforevenbiggerthingsinshesaid.

JayJay'spersonalexperienceshaveinspiredhertopursueacareerintechnology.Sheknowswhatit'sliketo

entertheworldofSTEM,amale-dominatedfield.Meanwhile,she'ssodetermined,thatshesaidhergoalwasto

get10,000womenintothetechworldonherown.Itisbecauseofallofthisthatsheisbeinghonoredasoneofthe

VoicesofChange.

(Nowlistenagain)

Questions:

11.WhatisthepurposeofthePhotoPatchFoundation?

12.WhyisJayJayhonoredasoneoftheVoicesofChange?

13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

14.

A.Byreadingsomebestsellers.B.Bychallengingtheauthorities.

C.Bymakingfriendswithcelebrities.D.Byfrequentingsomelocalpubs.

15.

A.Ateacherspeakingviaamicrophone.

B.Achildtellinghisnurserylifehonestly.

C.Anemployeefbrfearofoffendingothers.

D.Anactorperformingacomedyskillfully.

16.

A.Truethoughtsarelikelytoattractpeople.

B.Charmsalwayscomefromstrangethings.

C.Unconfidentpeoplecan'tbeinteresting.

D.Peopletendtobelievewhattheyhear.

【答案】14.C15.B16.A

【解析】

【原文】Manyofuslongtobemoreinterestingpeople.Thequestionis:howmightwebecomeso?

Wetendtoassociatebeing6interesting9withachievingdifference,withhavingsomeunusualandinteresting

storiesandideas.Anarticletellsusthatweshouldtryourbesttostayawayfromwell-reviewedbooks.Instead,we

shouldtraveltoremoteplacesandbefriendfamouspeople.Butitentirelyoverlooksonething.Beforewe'veever

donethese,weareallattractivelydifferentanyway.Theproblemisthatwejustdon'tallowourselvestoimpress

othersassuch.

Togetatasteforthisleveloforiginality,imagineifweplacedamicrophoneinanyofourmindsandlistened

closely.Wewouldquicklyfindthemostsurprising,andexcitinginformation.We'drealizethatwewereattractedto

someveryunexpectedpeople,oftenjustthesortweweren'tsupposedtohaveanyfeelingsfbr.

Everyoneisinteresting.So-calledinterestingpeoplearesimplythosewho'veallowedthemselvestolistento

theirinnermindandsharewithotherswhatisreallygoingonintheirminds.Theyhavebeenconfidentenoughto

imaginethatthetruthaboutthemselvescouldbeapleasureforotherstohear.

Sowhenweareafraidofbeingdull,weneedonlytolistentoourdeepselves.Whatemergesmaysoundodd,

butitisalsolikelytobehugelycharming,warm-heartedandcomforting.

(Nowlistenagain)

Questions:

14.Accordingtothearticle,inwhichwaywillwebecomeinteresting?

15.Whomightattractusandbereallyinterestingaccordingtothepassage?

16.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

17.

A.Aprogramhost.B.Abankmanager.

C.Afinanceconsultant.D.Aprofessorofeconomics.

18.

A.Theyhelppayoffyourdebts.B.Theycanimproveyourfitness.

C.Theyareessentialforhouseselling.D.Theymayinfluenceyourjoboffers.

19.

A.Peopleavoidingusingcredit.

B.Graduatesfromfamousuniversities.

C.Peoplealwaysapplyingforcreditcards.

D.Peoplewithapositiveandlongcredithistory.

20.

A.Howtogetgoodcreditscores.B.Howtoapplyforacreditcard.

CHowtoimprovefinancialwell-being.D.Howtofindajobinfinancemanagement.

【答案】17.C18.D19.D20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Willems.Welcometoourprogramagain.Andasachieffinanceconsultantinafamous

companyandformerprofessorofeconomics,whatwillyoubringusthistime?

M:Hi,Nancy.Oh...thistimeIamgoingtogivetheyoungsterssomeadviceoncreditscores.

W:Creditscores?

M:Yes.Creditscoreswillimpactyourfinancialwell-being.Theycanbeusedtodeterminewhichcaryoudrive,

whichhomeyoubuyandevenwhetherornotyougetadreamjob.

W:Wow,thatisreallyanimportantthing.Sowheredothesescorescomefrom?

M:Ingeneral,aperson'spaymenthistory,debtbalances,andtheageofcreditaccountsareallimportantfactors.

W:Thenhowcanwegetagoodscore?

M:Togetagoodscore,youmustusecredit.Somepeopleavoidusingcreditincaseofnegativecreditreport.

Actually,scoresforthosewithlittlecredithistorytendtobelower.

W:Sothelengthofyourcredithistoryisveryimportantfbragoodscore.

M:That'sright.Italsomattersalottopayallyourdebtsontime.Andthenumberofinquiriesmadefornew

accountsalsocontributestoacreditscore.

W:Whatdoyoumeanbymakinginquiriesfornewaccounts?

M:Oh...fbrexample,inmanystoresyoumaybetemptedtoapplyfbrastorecreditcardsimplytogetadiscount

atcheckout.However,filingtoomanycreditapplicationscanraiseredflagsto

yourcredit.

W:Soweshouldbecautiousaboutcreditapplications.

M:Yes.Definitely.

(Nowlistenagain)

Questions:

17.WhatisMr.Willems'scurrentjob?

18.Whyarecreditscoresimportantaccordingtotheconversation?

19.Whichkindofpeoplemayhaveabettercreditscoreaccordingtotheconversation?

20.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingaboutintheconversation?

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

WintryScenesfromaSwedishWonderland

Ialwaysgivethesameadvicetoambitiousphotographers:Whereverhomeis,that'swhereyoushouldbegin.

HavinglivedandworkedeverywherebutinSwedenformostofmylife,Iwasterribleatfollowingitmyself.For

me,Swedenhasalwaysbeenaplacetorelaxandspendtimewithfamily.Tveneverexploreditinthesameway

FveexploreddestinationslikeZambia21now.

Withallofmyforeigntrips22(cancel)thisyearIdecidedtotravelnorthfrommyhomenear

Stockholm.Whatbeganasatwo-weektripquicklyturnedintojourneys23.bothstartingandfinishingin

midwinter,lastedtheentireyear.

Climatechangedoesn'thaveanyimpactonthelengthofourdaylight.Andyet,24(lie)ontheback

staringupatthemagicallightshowoftheauroraborealis(W匕極光),Ihardlymindedthelackofdaylight.Instead,

25caughtmyattentionwasthefascinatingbeautyofthewhite,frozenlandscapesandtheendlessshades

ofblue.

ButJohanStenevad,myhostatLaplandGuesthouse,showedme26else.Oneday,onasnowmobile

pathlinedwithtalltreesonbothsides,heturnedoffhisengineandaskedmewhatIsaw."Trees,'Tanswered.46A

fbrest.,,

Heshookhishead."Notaforest,justaplantation.Soon,thisiswhat27(leave),^^hesaid.Forover

halfacenturynow,theancientforeststhatonceseemedendlesscontinue28(cut)down.TheSamithat

livemainlyinthenorthernareas29（face）anexistentialcrisis.Theirlivesandculturearecloselylinked

totheancientforestsandthereindeer（即1|鹿）there.Theslowgrowing力e〃（土也衣）andmushroomsuponwhich

thereindeerdependforsurvivalarenotfoundinplantations.So,thedeathofone30meanthedeathof

theother,andanuncertainfutureforanentirepeople.

Wearenotvisitorsinnatureandit'sessentialforourownsurvivalaswellasthatofthenaturalworld.

【答案】21.until##till

22.canceled##cancelled

23.that##which

24.lying25.what

26.something

27.willbeleft

28.tobecut##beingcut

29.arefacing

30.can##may##might##could

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在贊比亞的探索之旅以及感悟。

[21題詳解】

考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：到目前為止，我從未像探索贊比亞這樣的目的地那樣去探索它。結(jié)合句意表示“到

現(xiàn)在為止"可知短語(yǔ)為until/tillnow。故填until/till。

【22題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于今年所有的國(guó)外旅行都取消了，我決定從斯德哥爾摩附近的家往北走。此處

為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，cancel與allofmyforeigntrips構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填

canceled/cancelled。

【23題詳解】

考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：開始的兩周旅行很快變成了在隆冬開始和結(jié)束的旅行，持續(xù)了整整一年。此處為定

語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞journeys,先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故填

that/whicho

【24題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，躺在床上凝視著神奇的北極光秀，我?guī)缀醪唤橐馊鄙偃展狻７治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)

可知lie在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)I構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填lying。

【25題詳解】

考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：相反，吸引我的是白色、冰凍的風(fēng)景和無(wú)盡的藍(lán)色陰影的迷人之美。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從

句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指事情，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。

【26題詳解】

考查代詞。句意：但我在拉普蘭賓館的主人JohanStenevad向我展示了其他東西。結(jié)合句意表示“其他東

西”短語(yǔ)為somethingelse。故填somethingo

【27題詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：很快，就只剩下這些了。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用一般將

來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填willbeleft。

【28題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在過去的半個(gè)多世紀(jì)里，曾經(jīng)看似無(wú)盡的古老森林繼續(xù)被砍伐。表示“繼續(xù)做某

事”短語(yǔ)為continuetodosth./doingsth.,且cut與forests構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填tobecut/beingcuto

【29題詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：主要生活在北部地區(qū)的薩米人正面臨生存危機(jī)。表示目前正在進(jìn)行，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，

主語(yǔ)為TheSami,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填arefacing。

【30題詳解】

考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：因此，一個(gè)人的死亡可能意味著另一個(gè)人的死亡，整個(gè)民族的未來(lái)也不確定。根據(jù)

uanuncertainfutureforanentirepeople^nJMl,此處表示不確定推測(cè)，表示“可能”，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

can/may/might/couldo故填can/may/might/couldo

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.incrediblyB.contractC.approachedD.basisE.essentialF.blankets

G.professionallyH.grantedI.strikesJ.mutualK.breakthroughs

TheFatherofCool

Itisevening,nearfreezing.Thecityispracticallyempty.Fog31thePittsburghRailroadStation.A

youngengineerwalkstheplatform,hisbrainoccupiedwithaproblemthathasobsessedhimformonths.Andthen

it32him—theArchimedeanlightningbolt（|A］電）ofinspiration.Theanswerisliterallyallaroundhim:

It'sthefogitself!

Theyoungman'snameisWillisHavilandCarrier.Onthatfoggynightin1902,hehituponthetheorythat

becamethe33formodemair-conditioningtechnology.

CarriergraduatedfromuniversityasamechanicalengineerinJune1901.Amonthlater,hebeganworkingfbr

theBuffaloForgeCompany,afirmthatproducedheatingandexhaustsystems34.Thesummerof1901

was35hot.Aprintingcompanybecamefrustratedwithvaryinghumidity（濕度）levelswhentryingto

printincolor.Thesamepaperhadtobeprintedfourtimesinfourcolors,andifthehumiditychangedbetweenprint

runs,thepaperwouldslightlyexpandor36.Evenamillimeter'smisalignment（錯(cuò)位）lookedawful.

Earlythefollowingyear,theprintingcompany37BuffaloForge,askingittodeviseasystemto

controlhumidityintheairaswellasthetemperature.Thefirmturnedtothe25-year-oldCaiTier.

Bytheearly1850s,two38incoolinghadbeenachieved:aFrenchengineerdesignedthefirst

absorptionrefrigerator;andanAmericanphysicianwas39apatentforamachinetomakeice.Fromthen

on,thechallengewouldlieincontrollinghumidityinsteadofloweringtemperature.

Carrier'spartialsolutioninvolvedcirculatingcoldwaterandthenbalancingtheirtemperaturewiththerateof

airflow.ItwasatthePittsburghRailroadStationthatthesolutioncametohim.Fewotherinventorshavehadsuch

animpactonmodernlifeandyetremainedsolittle-known.Airconditioning,inasense,hasbecome

40.Andformostofus,thesimpleabilitytocoolourhomesamidthesummer'sheatismorethan

enoughreasontobegratefulforCarrier'sfogboundmomentofgenius.

【答案】31.F32.1

33.D34.G

35A36.B

37.C38.K

39.H40.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要描寫WillisHavilandCarrier在一個(gè)霧蒙蒙的夜晚偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的理論成為現(xiàn)

代空調(diào)技術(shù)的理論基礎(chǔ)。

[31題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：霧籠罩著匹茲堡火車站。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式，

blanket作動(dòng)詞，意為“籠罩”符合句意。故選F。

【32題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：然后他突然想到了，阿基米德的靈感閃電。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞第三人

稱單數(shù)形式，itstrikessb.意為“某人突然想起”符合句意。故選I。

【33題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：在1902年那個(gè)霧蒙蒙的夜晚，他偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)理論，后來(lái)成為現(xiàn)代空調(diào)技術(shù)的基

礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)上文“thatbecamethe”以及后文"formodernair-conditioningtechnology"可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞作

賓語(yǔ)，basis“基礎(chǔ)”為名詞，符合句意。故選D。

【34題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：一個(gè)月后，他開始為BuffaloForge公司工作，這是一家專業(yè)生產(chǎn)供暖和排氣系統(tǒng)公

司。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)為句子的修飾成分，副詞professionally,意為“專業(yè)地”，修飾動(dòng)詞

produced,作狀語(yǔ)，符合句意。故選G。

【35題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：1901年的夏天異常炎熱。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)為句子的修飾成分，副詞

incredibly,意為“極其”，修飾形容詞hot,作狀語(yǔ)，符合句意。故選A。

【36題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：同一張紙必須用四種顏色打印四次，如果兩次打印之間濕度發(fā)生變化，紙張會(huì)略微膨脹

或收縮。根據(jù)上文"wouldslightlyexpandor”可知，空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞和expand并列，contract"收縮"為

動(dòng)詞，符合句意。故選B。

【37題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：第二年年初，這家印刷公司與BuffaloForge公司接洽，要求其設(shè)計(jì)一套系統(tǒng)來(lái)控制空氣

中的濕度和溫度。根據(jù)上文“Earlythefollowingyear”可知，句子使用一般過去時(shí)，空格處應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

過去式，approached”接洽"，符合句意。故選C。

【38題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：到19世紀(jì)50年代初，制冷方面取得了兩項(xiàng)突破：一位法國(guó)工程師設(shè)計(jì)了第一臺(tái)吸收式

冰箱；一位美國(guó)醫(yī)生獲得了制冰機(jī)的專利。根據(jù)上文"two"以及后文"incoolinghadbeenachieved”可

知，空格處應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，breakthrough“突破”為名詞，符合句意。故選K。

【39題詳解】

考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意同上。根據(jù)上文“anAmericanphysicianwas”以及后文"apatentforamachinetomake

ice”可知，空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，grant“授予”為動(dòng)詞，符合句意。故選H。

【40題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：從某種意義上說，空調(diào)已經(jīng)變得必不可少。分析句子可知，空格處為表語(yǔ)，可填形容

詞，essential"必不可少的”為形容詞，符合句意。故選E。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

TikTok,asocialmediaappdedicatedtoshort-formvideos,hasemergedasamajorfireroffoodtrends一

frommushroomcoffeeandpancakecerealtocloudbreadandfetapasta.Butanothertrend,the#whatieatinaday

trend,isdominatingTikTok,whichisnearing9billion41.

Eventhough#whatieatinadaypostsmaybe42toserveashealthyinspirationforothers,there'sa

growingfeelingthatthesevideodiariesofdailyeatswilllikelydomoreharmthangood—especiallyamong

younggirlsorpeoplewithahistoryofdisorderedeating.

The43messagethesepostssendisthatifyoueatlikethem,thenyoucaneventuallylooklikethem.

Yetwhatsomeoneelseeatsinadaydoesn'tmeanit'srightfbryou,sincetheseu41videosarenota

completelyaccuraterepresentationofwhatsomeonetypicallyeats.

Oftentheoverlystylized（程式化）mealsdonot45anutritionallyadequatediet.Thepostsare

46theillusion（幻想）ofanidealdayofeating,alongwithanidealbodysize.

Youngeraudiences,especiallygirlsandyoungwomen,internalizethemessagethattheymusteatlikethese

creatorstoachieveandmaintainnotonlyhealth,butalsosocial47.Thebiggestharmwiththistrendis

thatitnormalizesdisorderedor48eatingbehaviors.Thiscouldpreventsomeonestrugglingwithan

eatingdisorderfrom49supportortreatment.

Evenifthe#whatieatinadaypostsaredisplayinga50dayofeating,thesubtextmessageof“eat

likeme,andyouwilllooklikeme“isharmfulbecausepeoplewillnotnecessarilyachievethesamebodysizeas

the51eveniftheycopiedtheirdayofeatingbiteforbite.

52,whatmightbeahealthy,adequatedayofsatisfyingmealsforonepersonmaybeinadequate

andunsatisfyingtoanother.Evenworse,someonelookingatthesepostsmayconcludethattheyneedtobeeating

halfasmuchto53.

Peoplemakingthesevideosareoverwhelminglythin,young,able-bodiedandwhite.Thereisacompletelack

ofbody54.Andthisencouragesharmfulcomparisonstounrealisticbodystandardsthatare

55tothevastmajorityofpeople.Therefore,thoseofusfrommarginalizedcommunitiesareonceagain

unabletoseepositiverepresentationsofourvaryingbodies,foodsandculturalrepresentationintheseharmful

posts.^^

41.A.viewsB.statementsC.analysesD.identities

42.A.emphasizedB.simplifiedC.requestedD.intended

43.A.moralB.scientificC.potentialD.instant

44.A.modernB.stagedC.educationalD.labelled

45.A.prioritizeB.commercializeC.recognizeD.exchange

46.A.promotingB.representingC.spoilingD.perfecting

47.A.welfareB.equalityC.desirabilityD.justice

48.A.individualB.instinctiveC.restrictiveD.changeable

49.A.attractingB.seekingC.losingD.offering

50.A.fixedB.balancedC.relaxingD.demanding

51.A.readerB.advertiserC.browserD.poster

52.A.ThereforeB.FinallyC.AdditionallyD.Meanwhile

53.A.loseweightB.shareinterestsC.assumeburdenD.makecontributions

54.A.languageB.diversityC.warmthD.response

55.A.availableB.predictableC.inadequateD.unachievable

【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.B45.A46.A47.C48.C49.B50.B

D52.C53.A54.B55.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了抖音段視頻”每天吃什么”的流行和它引發(fā)的問題。

[41題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:但另一個(gè)趨勢(shì)——“每天吃什么”——正在主導(dǎo)抖音，其瀏覽量已接近90億

次。A.views觀點(diǎn)，觀看；B.statements聲明;C.analyses分析；D.identities身份。根據(jù)上文“TikTok”和

"Butanothertrend”可知，本段講的是抖音段視頻上的新趨勢(shì)，結(jié)合"nearing9billion”可推知，這里說

的是瀏覽量，觀看量。故選A項(xiàng)。

【42題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管“每天吃什么”發(fā)布的內(nèi)容可能旨在為其他人提供健康的啟發(fā)，但越來(lái)越

多的人認(rèn)為，這些記錄日常飲食的視頻日記可能弊大于利，尤其是在年輕女孩或有飲食失調(diào)史的人當(dāng)中。

A.emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào)；B.simplified簡(jiǎn)化；C.requested耍求；D.intended打算，想要。根據(jù)"toserveas

healthyinspirationforothers"和uwilllikelydomoreharmthangood,＞可知，為其他人提供健康的啟發(fā)是最

初的目的或打算，但事與愿違，結(jié)果與打算不一樣。故選D項(xiàng)。

【43題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)布內(nèi)容傳遞的潛在信息是，如果你像他們一樣吃東西，那么你最終會(huì)

像他們一樣。A.moral有道德的;B.scientific科學(xué)的；C.potential潛在的;D.instant立刻的。根據(jù)上文可

知，"每天吃什么”發(fā)布的是記錄日常飲食的視頻，結(jié)合句中"messagethesepostssendisthatifyoueat

likethem,thenyoucaneventuallylooklikethem."可知，這些視頻會(huì)讓人們認(rèn)為"你像他們一樣吃東西，那

么你最終會(huì)像他們一樣”，這是這些發(fā)布內(nèi)容傳遞的潛在信息。故選C項(xiàng)。

【44題詳解】

考查形容詞義辨析。句意：然而，別人一天吃什么并不意味著它就適合你，因?yàn)檫@些“籌劃的”的視頻并

不能完全準(zhǔn)確地反映一個(gè)人通常吃什么。A.modern現(xiàn)代的；B.staged組織的，籌劃的；C.educational教

育的；D.labelled貼上標(biāo)簽的。結(jié)合常識(shí)和句中“notacompletelyaccuraterepresentationofwhatsomeone

typicallyeats."可知，抖音上發(fā)布視頻是經(jīng)過籌劃的，并不能真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確地反應(yīng)真實(shí)情況。故選B項(xiàng)。

[45題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通常，過于程式化的飲食并沒有優(yōu)先考慮營(yíng)養(yǎng)充足的飲食。A.prioritize優(yōu)先考

慮；B.commercialize使商業(yè)化；C.recognize認(rèn)識(shí)；D.exchange交換。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和"overlystylized（程式

化）meals”可推知，過于程式化的飲食不會(huì)首先考慮營(yíng)養(yǎng)問題。故選A項(xiàng)。

【46題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)布內(nèi)容在宣揚(yáng)理想的飲食和理想的身材。A.promoting推銷，促進(jìn)；B.

representing代表；C.spoiling損壞；D.perfecting完美，完善。根據(jù)句中"illusion（幻想）ofanidealdayof

eatingM和“idealbodysize”可推知，“每天吃什么”發(fā)布的內(nèi)容是在推銷它關(guān)于飲食和身材的理想概

念。故選A項(xiàng)。

【47題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更年輕的觀眾，尤其是女孩和年輕女性，內(nèi)化了這樣的信息：她們必須像這些

創(chuàng)作者一樣吃，以實(shí)現(xiàn)和保持健康，以及社會(huì)吸引力。A.welfare幸福；B.equality平等；C.desirability吸

引力，欲求；D.justice公平。根據(jù)上文“Thepostsare6theillusion（幻想）ofanidealdayofeating,

alongwithanidealbodysize.可知，“每天吃什么”發(fā)布的內(nèi)容是在推銷它關(guān)于飲食和身材的理想概念，

所以年青女孩會(huì)認(rèn)為這樣做不僅可以保持健康，還可以保持好身材，提升社會(huì)吸引力。故選C項(xiàng)。

[48題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這種趨勢(shì)最大的危害是它使紊亂的或限制性的飲食行為正常化。A.individual

單獨(dú)的;B.instinctive本能的;C.restrictive限制（性）的;D.changeable可改變的。根據(jù)"normalizes”可

知，下文所說飲食行為是非正常的，與"disorderedw是同一類別，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，應(yīng)