2023年高考第三次模擬考試卷-英語(yǔ)（上海A卷）（解析）

絕密★啟用前

2023年高考第三次模擬考試卷

英語(yǔ)

（考試時(shí)間：150分鐘試卷滿分：14（）分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA（10分）

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Shelovesthisbeautifulworld.

B?Sheprefersthejunkfoodsomuch.

C.Shewantstoenjoythebeautyoftheworld.

D.Shehasnoreasontocherishthejunk.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Whywouldyouwanttocherishapieceofjunkfoodlikethat?

W:Butthislittlebeautymeanstheworldtome.

Q:WhatdoweIeamfromthewoman,swords?

2.A.Thebearfeelshotatthemoment.

B.Thebearstretchesitsbodyforexercise.

C.Thebearconservesfatforthecomingwinter.

D.Thebearmustbeenjoyingthesunshine.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Whenbearssleeporliedown,theirposturesdependonwhethertheywanttogetridofheator

conserveit.

W:Isee.Thafswhythebearbodystretchesout.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthetalk?

2.A.Motherandson.

B.Policemanandthief.

C.Bossandsecretary.

D.Dentistandpatient.

【答案】C

【原文】M:1needitbythemorningofApril5th,soitcanbereviewedbyothermemberspriortothe

meeting.

W:Allright.Γllgetitreadysoon.

Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

4.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.

B.There,satrafficjamonBroadwayStreet.

C.Themanisreadingthenewsonair.

D.Avehicleispollutingtheairseriously.

【答案】D

【原文】W:Goodmorning!ThisistheGreenandEnvironmentalHotline.MayIhelpyou?

M:Yes,l,dliketoreportasmokingvehiclerunningonBroadwayStreet.

Q:WhatcanweIeamfromtheconversation?

5.A.Themovieisgoodexceptthebadending.

B.Themoviewonanaward.

C.Sheagreeswiththeman,scomments.

D.Shedoesn,tlikethespecialeffects.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Ithinkthehorrormovieisfantasticandthespecialeffectsareamazing.

W:Ifithadn,tbeenforitsterribleending,itwouldhavewonanaward.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

6.A.Themanhasastomachdisease.

B.Inappropriateeatinghabithasmadethemanuncomfortable.

C.Themanshouldeatnothingfordinner.

D.Themanshouldhaveathoroughbodycheck.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Doctor,Ialwayshaveanupsetstomachafterdinner.Coulditbesomeseriousdisease?

W:Orisitjustbecauseyouhaveeatentoomuchoilyfood?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

7.A.100%cottonpantsindarkblue.

B?Fashionablepantsinbrightcolors.

C.Greypantsmadeofpurecotton.

D.D.Somethingtomatchherbrownpants.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Wouldyouliketoseethosepantsinbrownandnavyblue?Thesetwocoloursarecomingin

thisseason.

W:Well,actually,greyismyfavouritecolour,butIprefersomethingmadeofcotton,100%cottonImean.

Q:Whatisthewomanlookingfor?

8.A.Shewaslatefortheappointment.

B.Sheoftenkeptotherpeoplewaiting.

C.Sheranintothemanonherwayhere.

D.Shecalledherfriendaboutthebook.

【答案】A

［原文］W:1hopeyou,renottooupsetwithmeforthedelay.1hadtostopbyafriend,shometopickupa

bookonmywayhere.

M:Well,that,snotabigdeal.Butyoumightatleastphoneifyouknowyou,regoingtokeepsomeone

waiting.

Q:WhatdoWelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?

9.A.Itwasleftbehindinthehotel.

B?Itgotbadlydamagedontheway.

C.ItgotlostattheMadridAirport.

D.Itfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationintime.

【答案】D

【原文】M:Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting,Madam.Γvelocatedyourluggage.ItwasleftbehindinParis

andwon,tarriveuntillaterthisevening.

W:Oh,?can,tbelievethis.Haveitdeliveredtomyhotelthen,please.

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman,sluggage?

10.A.Womenliketotakeknittingasahobby.

B?Knittingtakespracticebeforeitiseasy.

C.Ittakesgreateffortstoproducethreads.

D.Knittingisnotasrelaxingasitseems.

【答案】B

【原文】M:?alwaysthinkitishardworktoturnthreadsintoasweater.

W:Actually,onceyougetthehangofit,knittingisreallyarelaxinghobby.

Q:Whatcanbeconcludedfromthisdialogue?

SectionB（15分）

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeasked

severalquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassageandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichone

isthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Theirtotallynewlooks.B.Hisownsimilarbackground.

C.Theirvariedlifestories.D.Hisdreamofbecomingfamous.

12.A.Bytraininghairstylistsinabout15countries.

B.Bypostingphotoswithstoriesonsocialmedia.

C.Byofferingfreeservicestostreetanimalsaswell.

D.Byleadingthehomelesstodosomethingfornothing.

13.A.Livingconditionsofthehomeless.B.AnInternetcelebrityhairdresser.

C.Experiencesofsharingphotosonline.D.Actsofkindnesstothehomeless.

【答案】11.C12.B13.D

【原文】

About150millionpeoplearoundtheworldarehomeless,butittakesjustonepersontomakea

difference.SouthLondonhairstylistJoshuaCoombswascarryinghisworktoolshomewhenhe

encounteredahomelessmanonedayin2015.Withoutthinkingtwice,heofferedhimafreehaircut.The

ιnan,slookwastransformed,butCoombssayswhatmatteredmorewastheirconversation.Coombsbegan

offeringoutdoorcutsandshavestomorepeoplelivingonthestreets,listeningtotheirexperiencesashe

didso.

“Thosestoriesreallymovedme,“saysCoombs,whofeelstheyneedtobeshared.Withpermission,

hestartedpostingdramaticbefbre-and-afterphotos,alongwithaccounts,undertheInstagramusername

(3)dosomethingfbrnothing.

Coombshasnowgivenhundredsofhaircutsinsome15countries,includingIndia,Greeceand

Mexico.Hispostshaveinspiredothers,suchasahairdresserinIranandaU.K.streetanimaldoctor,to

offerfreeservices.??Wecanlivewithasmileandanopen,lovingheartspace,,,saysCoombs,??ratherthan

onethat,sclosedbecausesomeonelooksdifferent.”

Nowlistenagain,please.

Questions

11.WhatmadeCoombscontinuallyoffertohelpthehomeless?

12.HowdidCoombsmanagetoinspireothers?

13.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Helpingyouhealabrokenheart.B.Helpingyouliveinyourownworld.

C.Helpingyoucureallkindsofdiseases.D.Helpingyouconnectothersforcomfort.

15.A.Itisimpossibletohealwithsadmusic.

B.Heartacheiscurableevenwithoutsadmusic.

C.Listeningtosadmusicstimulatesthedesiretocontactothers.

D.Whenyoufeelsad,listeningtosadmusicwillliftyourmood.

16.A.Sadpeopleshouldnotlistentosadmusic.

B.Sadmusiccanhelpyourecoverfromabrokenheart.

C.Youcanlistentosadmusicwhenyouaresad.

D.Listeningtosadmusichasgreateffectonmood.

【答案】14.A15.D16.A

【原文】

Listeningtomusicisrelatedtoyouremotions.Sadsongscaneasilycomeintoyourheartwhenyou

aresad.Inspirationalsongscaneasilytouchyourheartwhenyouaredeterminedtostriveforsomething.

Researchshowstherearepathwaysthroughtheheartache.Listeningtosadmusicisamajorone.It

canhelpyoubegintofeeljoyandhopefulnessaboutyourlifeagain.Itcanactivatethedesiretoconnect

withothers—bothavenuesthroughtheprisonofheartacheanddespair.

Sadmusiccanhelphealandupliftyoufromyourbrokenheart.ArecentstudyinGermanyfoundthat

listeningtosadmusichadanemotionalimpact,makingyoubetterabletounderstandotherpeople,s

emotionsandwillingtomakepositiveconnectionswiththem.Thisinitselfistherapy,whichallowsyouto

stopbeinginyourownworldandperhapshelpthoseinneedofcomfort.

Anotherexperiment,fromtheUniversityofKent,foundthatwhenpeoplewereexperiencingsadness,

listeningtomusicthatwasbeautifulbutsadenhancedtheirmood.Infact,itdidsowhenthepersonfirst

consciouslyhadtheirawarenessofthesituationcausingtheirsadness,andthenbeganlisteningtothesad

music.Thatis,whentheyintendedthatthesadmusicmighthelp,theyfoundthatitdid.

Pleaselistenagain.

Questions：

14.WhichistheoneofthebenefitsOflisteningtosadmusic?

15.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheexperimentfromtheUniversityofKent?

16.Whichofthefollowingdiffersfromthewholetext?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Signingupmembers.B.Organizingprotests.

C.Actingasitsspokesman.D.Savingendangeredanimals.

18.A.Anti-nuclearcampaigns.B.Removingindustrialwaste.

C.SurveyingtheAtlanticOceanfloor.D.Anti-animal-abusedemonstrations.

19.A.Byengaginginviolence.B.Bydisturbingthem.

C.Byappealingtothepublic.D.Bytakinglegalaction.

20.A.Reserved.B.Uninterested.

C.Doubtful.D.Supportive.

【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.D

【原文】W:Well,inthestudiothismorning,forourinterviewspotisPeterWilson.PeterworksforGreen

Peace.So,Peter,welcome.

M:Thanksalot.It,sgoodtobehere.

W:Great!Now,Peter,perhapsyoucouldtellussomethingaboutGreenPeaceandyourjobthere.

M:Sure.Well,ΓllstartbytellingyouroughlywhatGreenPeaceisallabout.IactuallyworkinLondonfor

theGreenPeaceorganization.We,vebeengoingforafewdecadesandwe,reanon-violent,non-political

organization.We,reinvolvedinanti-nuclearactivity,conservationandprotectionofanimalsandprotection

andsupportofoureco-system.I,mtheactionorganizerandarrangeanyprotests.

W:Great!Aprettyimportantrole,Peter.Whatsortofprotestwouldyouorganize?

M:Well,recentlywe,vebeeninvolvedinanti-nuclearcampaigns.Ipersonallyarrangedforthe

demonstrationagainstradioactivewastedumpingintheAtlanticOcean.We,vegotafewsmallGreen

Peaceboatsthatweharassedthedumpingshipswith.

W:Hey?Holdon,PeIe匚IIhOUghIyousaidyourorganizationwasnon-violenl.Whatdoyoumeanby

“harass”？

M:Well,wecircleroundandroundtheshipsandgetinthewaywhentheytrytodumpthenuclearwaste

inthesea.Wetalktothemenandtrytochange,youknow,yellatthemtostop.Wegenerallymake

ourselvesasmuchofatroubleaspossible.

W:Well,peoplemaythinkdifferentlyofyourmethodsbutthere,snodoubtyou,redoingagreatjob.Keep

itupandgoodluck.Andthanksfortalkingwithus.

M:Thanksforhavingme.

Nowlistenagain,please.

Questions

17.Whatistheman'schiefresponsibilityintheGreenPeaceorganization?

18.WhathasGreenPeacebeeninvolvedinrecently?

19.HowdoesGreenPeacetrytostoppeoplefromdumpingnuclearwaste?

20.Whatisthewoman,sattitudetowardstheGreenPeace,scampaigns?

∏.Grammarandvocabulary（共20題，每小題1分，滿分20分）

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycoπect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthe

givenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Morningornight?Whichlimeofdaydoyouenjoythemostandaremorementallyalert?21

oneyouprefer,thereisanameforyou.

Earlybirdsormorninglarks(云雀),asyoucanguess,aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyin

themorningandarehappytogreettheday.22theyriseearly,theyloseenergyinthelateafternoon.

Therefore,morninglarkstendtohitthehayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours,morninglarks

areseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:"Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”

Nightowlsaretheoppositeofmorninglarks.Thesepeoplehave23(little)energyinthe

morning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheotherside,

nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthe

moonlight.It,snosurprise24theycantheyupwellintothenight.

Whileallbirds25(create)equal,somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlier.Ifyouareone

ofthem,herearesometipstohelpyoucatchthatworm.

People26notadjusttheirbedtimesovernight(一夜之間).Sofarthosenightowlswishingto

riseatdawn,startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15minutesearlierthanusualandwakeupthatmuch

earlieraswell.Keepthepatterngoinguntilyoufindyourself27(rise)withthesun.

Thoughitmaybechallenging,startyourmorningwithasmuchlightaspossible.Openthecurtains.

Tumonthelights.Seewhat28differenceitmakesinhelpingyoustartyourday.

Tomakethechangefromowltolarkyouneedtobeconsistentandriseearlyeveryday.Don,twork

hardtoriseearlyduringtheweekonly29(sleep)inonweekends.Pickanhourtowakeup,anddo

iteveryday.

Forthenightowlsoutthere,hopefullythesetips30(make)yourmorningsmorebearable.

【答案】

21.Whichever22.Because23.least24.that25.arecreated26.can27.rising28.a29.to

sleep30.willmake

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹J'早起鳥(niǎo)和夜貓子的區(qū)別，以及如何從夜貓子變成早起鳥(niǎo)的一

些建議。

21.考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論你喜歡哪一個(gè)，都有一個(gè)適合你的名字。結(jié)合句意可知空處引

導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)“用WhiChever；此處WhiCheVer為形容詞，作One的定語(yǔ)，首字

母大寫(xiě)。故填WhiCheVer。

22.考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：因?yàn)樗鼈兤鸬迷?，下午晚些時(shí)候就會(huì)失去精力。結(jié)合句意，空處引

導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“因?yàn)椤坝胋ecause,強(qiáng)調(diào)直接造成某種結(jié)果的理由和原因，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填

Because0

23.考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：這些人早上精力最少。本句"Thesepeople"指前文"Nightowls”,與

早起鳥(niǎo)相反，夜貓子早上的精力最少，故用形容詞的最高級(jí)IeaSt修飾名詞energy。故填least。

24.考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意:他們能熬夜到深夜也不足為奇。本句使用了“it+be+n.+that…”句型。It

為形式主語(yǔ)，因此空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，該從句主干成分完整，句意完整，故用連接詞that引導(dǎo)該從

句。故填that。

25.考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：雖然所有的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)都是平等的，但有些夜貓子希望自己能早

點(diǎn)起床。WhiIe引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句缺謂語(yǔ)，描述一般性事實(shí)，且從句主語(yǔ)allbirds是復(fù)數(shù)，和從句

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Create之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主謂保持一致。故填arecreated。

26.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：人們不能一夜之間調(diào)整睡覺(jué)時(shí)間。分析句子可知，本句謂語(yǔ)不完整，結(jié)

合句意表示“不能夠”用cannot。故填can。

27.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：保持這種模式，直到你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己隨著太陽(yáng)起床。分析句子可知，until

引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中有謂語(yǔ)find,故使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。y。UrSelf和rise之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在

分詞做賓補(bǔ)。故填rising。

28.考查冠詞。句意：看看它在幫你重新開(kāi)始一天上有何不同。What引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)感嘆句；

makeadifference是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“有區(qū)別故填a

29.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：不要在一周中早起努力工作，結(jié)果周末卻睡懶覺(jué)。OnIyIodOSth.表示“結(jié)

果卻……故用不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填tosleep。

30.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：對(duì)于夜貓子來(lái)說(shuō)，希望這些建議能讓你的早晨更能堅(jiān)持得住。本句缺謂語(yǔ)，

結(jié)合“hopefully”可知，時(shí)態(tài)采用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填WilImake。

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeused

once.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.associatedB.chargeC.coolingD.deadenE.appliancesF.narrow

G.causesH.reflectiveI.restrictedJ.typicallyK.unstable

Howdoesthunder-snowwork?Thunder-snowisrarebecausetheconditionsthatproducesnowtend

tohaveastabilizingeffectontheatmosphere.Inwinterthesurfaceandlowertroposphere（對(duì)流層）are

coldandthereislittlemoisturetoleadtolightning.Lightningsuper-heatstheair,whiletherapid31

producesthesoundwaveswecallthunder.Thunderstormscanforminwinter,buthavedifferent

characteristics.Atypicalnormalthunderstormconsistsoftall,32cloudsthatrisefromawarm

UPdraft（上升氣流）leadingfromthesurfaceuptoaround40,000feet.Thunder-snowusuallyformswhen

layersof∏atsnowcloudsdevelopinstabilityandexperiencedynamiclifting.Three33leadtothe

instability.Firstly,anormalthunderstormattheedgeofawarmorcoldfrontcanrunintocoldair,

changingrainintofreezingrainorsnow.Secondly,whentheflatsnowcloudsbecomebumpyordevelop

whatareusuallycalled“turrets”.Turretsriseabouttheclouds,makingthetoplayer34.The

changecauseswatermoleculesoricecrystalstogainorloseelectrons（電子）.Whentheelectrical

35differencebetweentwobodiesbecomeslargeenough,lightningoccurs.Thirdly,acoldairfront

passingoverwarmerwatercanproducethunder-snow.Thisisthetypeofthunder-snowmostoftenseen

neartheGreatLakesornearandocean.

Theobviousdifferencebetweenatypicalthunderstormandthunder-snowisthatathunderstorm

producesrain,whilethunder-snowis36withsnow.However,thethunderandlightningof

thunder-snowaredifferent,too.Snowcan37sound,sothundersnow,sthundersoundslowand

doesn,ttravelasfarasitwouldinaclearorrainysky.Normalthundermaybeheardmilesfromitssource,

whilethunder-snowthundertendstobe38toa2to3mileradiusfromthelightningstrike.While

thesoundofathundermaybelowered,lightningflashesareenhancedby39snow.Thunder-snow

lightning40appearswhiteorgolden,ratherthantheusualblueorpurpleofthunderstorm

lightning.

【答案】

31.C32.F33.G34.K35.B36.A37.D38.I39.H40.J

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述雷雪是如何產(chǎn)生的，它和雷雨的區(qū)別。

31.考查名詞。句意：閃電會(huì)使空氣過(guò)熱，而迅速冷卻的空氣會(huì)產(chǎn)生我們稱(chēng)之為雷聲的聲波。空處

應(yīng)填名詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文可知是冬天產(chǎn)生雷雪，所以設(shè)空處意思應(yīng)是冷卻COoling,故選C。

32.考查形容詞。句意：一場(chǎng)典型的雷雨由又高又窄的云組成，這些云是由從地面上升到大約40000

英尺的暖流形成的?？仗帒?yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，根據(jù)常識(shí)和句意可知，雷雨是由又高又窄的組成，故

應(yīng)用narrow,故選F0

33.考查名詞。句意：導(dǎo)致不穩(wěn)定的原因有三個(gè)。根據(jù)句意和語(yǔ)境可知設(shè)空處意思是“原因”，應(yīng)用

名詞CaUSeS做主語(yǔ),故選G。

34.考查形容詞。句意：“炮塔”在云層上升起，使得頂層不穩(wěn)定。根據(jù)下文“Thechangecauseswater

moleculesoricecrystalstogainorloseelectrons（電子）.“可知，"炮塔’’使得云層不穩(wěn)定，導(dǎo)致水分子或

冰晶失去或獲得電子，因此應(yīng)用形容詞UnStabIe“不穩(wěn)定的”，作賓補(bǔ)，故選K。

35.考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)兩個(gè)物體之間的電荷差足夠大時(shí)，就會(huì)發(fā)生閃電?？仗帒?yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，

根據(jù)句意可知表示“電荷”應(yīng)用名詞Charge,不可數(shù)。故選B。

36.考查名詞。句意：典型的雷雨和雷雪之間的明顯區(qū)別是雷雨產(chǎn)生雨，而雷雪與雪有關(guān)。根據(jù)句

意此處是指雪雷與雪有關(guān)，“與有關(guān)”是beassociatedwith,形容詞associated作表語(yǔ)，故選A。

37.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：雪可以減弱聲音，所以雪雷的雷聲聽(tīng)起來(lái)很低，不會(huì)像晴天或雨天那樣傳播

得那么遠(yuǎn)?？仗幬挥谇閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can后，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)“sothundersnow,sthundersoundslowand

doesn'ttravelasfarasitwouldinaclearorrainysky.“可知,雪可以減弱聲音,故動(dòng)詞deaden"減弱"

符合題意，故選D。

38.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：正常的雷聲可能在距離雷源兒英里的地方被聽(tīng)到，而雪雷往往被限制在距離

雷擊半徑2到3英里的范圍內(nèi)。根據(jù)上文“NormalthundermaybeheardmilesfromitsSOUrCe”和表示

對(duì)比意義的While可知，此處指與正常雷聲相比，雪雷的雷聲傳播范圍有限，被限制在半徑2到3

英里內(nèi)。故空處用過(guò)去分詞restricted和be構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選L

39.考查形容詞。句意：雖然雷聲可能會(huì)減弱，但閃電會(huì)因雪的反射而增強(qiáng)。修飾名詞snow應(yīng)用

形容詞，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，雪具有反射光線的特點(diǎn)，所以形容詞reflective“反光的”符合題意，作定語(yǔ)，

故選H。

40.考查形容詞。句意：雷雪閃電通常呈白色或金色，而不是雷雨閃電常見(jiàn)的藍(lán)色或紫色。修飾動(dòng)

詞appear應(yīng)用副詞，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，閃電通常呈白色或金色是雷雪的典型特征，故用副詞typically

作狀語(yǔ)，故選J。

IIIReadingCOmPrehenSion（滿分45分）

SeCtiOnA（共15題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Owingtotherecentpandemic（流行?。﹔esearchershavebeentryingtofindmorewaystokill

viruses,andoneresultoftheirworkinvolves41.

Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）（紫外線的）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteria

andviruses.Itisalreadyusedasacleaningagentinhospitalsandto42airandwaterbutonlywhen

peoplearen'taround.That,sbecausetherearethreetypesofUVlight:UVA,UVBandUVC.andtheyare

all43tohumans.UVAandUVBexposurecan44skincancer,whileUVBisresponsiblefor

sunburns.UVClightismostlyabsorbedbytheEarth,satmosphere,butitisevenmoredangerous.

ArtificialUVClightcanpassthroughtheouterlayerofskinandeyecellsto45thelivingcells

underneath.

46.thereisatypeofUVClight,knownasfar-UVC,whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouter

layerofcells.Butstudiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVConhumans,47studiesongroups

comprisingmorethan20people,arenotavailable.

ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatkillsvirusesandbacteria.Ina

normal-sizedroom,fivelamps48thenumberofmicrobesby98percentinlessthanfiveminutes.

Toachieveresultslikethisthroughventilation（通風(fēng)設(shè)備）alone,theairwouldhavetobechanged184

timesperhour,whichiscurrently49.Evenatlowersettings,thelampsstillkilled92percentof

virusesin15minutes.

CountriesvaryintheirstandardsforhowmuchUVlightpeopleareallowedtobe50to.

SinceBrenner,steamwasoperatingintheUnitedStates,heobservedAmerican51,whichare

lessstrictthanthoseofsomecountriessuchasGermany.ButevenworkingwithinGermany,slowerlimit

ofUVlightexposure,Brenner,slightsstilldecreasethenumberofmicrobes52.Brennerargues

thatusingthelights,even53Germany'sregulations,wouldlikelyhavereducedthenumberof

peoplewhodiedfromCovid-19.

Inthefuture,far-UVClampsmaybe54inallpublicspaces.Researchershopethat

installationanduseofsuchlampscouldpreventfuture55.Althoughmoreextensiveresearch

needstobedone,thereishopethatthiswillbetheireffect.

41.A.electricityB.soundC.lightD.air

42.A.cleanB.separateC.produceD.mix

43.A.beneficialB.harmfulC.influentialD.essential

44.A.turntoB.refertoC.owetoD.leadto

45.A.damageB.avoidC.protectD.absorb

46.A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile

47.A.asmuchasB.asforC.asaresultofD.aswellas

48.A.increasedB.explodedC.reducedD.lightened

49.A.definiteB.impossibleC.realisticD.sensible

50.A.extendedB.coveredC.exposedD.warned

51.A.standardsB.featuresC.policiesD.orders

52.A.permanentlyB.instantlyC.completelyD.significantly

53.A.designingB.obeyingC.applyingD.experimenting

54.A.commonB.unusualC.seldomD.doubtful

55.A.lampsB.projectsC.pandemicsD.diseases

【答案】

41.C42.A43.B44.D45.A46.B47.D48.C49.B50.C51.A52

D53.B54.A55.C

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一種被稱(chēng)作遠(yuǎn)UVC的光可以有效清潔空氣，殺死有害細(xì)菌。

這項(xiàng)研究可以幫助預(yù)防未來(lái)流行病。

41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于最近的大流行，研究人員一直在試圖找到更多的方法來(lái)殺死病

毒，他們的工作成果之一涉及光。A.electricity電；B.sound聲音；C.light光；D.air空氣。根據(jù)后

文“Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteriaandviruses.

（人們?cè)缇椭?，紫外線（UV）光可以破壞細(xì)菌和病毒等微生物。）”和“6,thereisatypesofUVC

light,knownasfar-UVC.whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerofcells.（有一種UVC光，稱(chēng)為遠(yuǎn)

UVC,它不能穿過(guò)細(xì)胞外層。）”可以推測(cè)出，研究者們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以殺死病毒的光。故選C項(xiàng)。

42.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它己經(jīng)被用作醫(yī)院的清潔劑，用于清潔空氣和水，但只在人們不在

的情況下使用。A.clean清潔；B.separate分離；Cproduce生產(chǎn)；D.mix混合。根據(jù)上文“destrOy

microbessuchasbacteriaandVirUSeS（消滅細(xì)菌和病毒等微生物）''可知，這種光可以殺死病毒，清潔空

氣。故選A項(xiàng)。

43.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是因?yàn)樽贤饩€有三種類(lèi)型:：UVA?UVB和UVC。它們都對(duì)人

類(lèi)有害。A.beneficial有益的；B.harmful有害的；CinflUentiaI有影響的;D.essential重要的。根據(jù)

上文“butonIyWhenPeOPIearen'taround（但只有在沒(méi)有人的時(shí)候）”可知，這種光對(duì)人有害。故選B項(xiàng)。

44.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：UVA和UVB暴露會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚癌，而UVB會(huì)導(dǎo)致曬傷。A.turnto

轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于；B.referto指代，參考；C.。Weto歸功于；D.leadto導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)上文可知，這種光

對(duì)人有害，所以會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚癌。故選D項(xiàng)。

45.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人造紫外線可以穿透皮膚和眼細(xì)胞的外層，破壞其下的活細(xì)胞。A.

damage損害；B.avoid避免;C.protect保護(hù)；D.absorb吸收。根據(jù)上文“butitisevenmoredangerous（（0.

它甚至更危險(xiǎn)）''可知，這種光會(huì)穿透皮膚破壞細(xì)胞。故選A項(xiàng)。

46.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一種UVC光，稱(chēng)為遠(yuǎn)UVC,它不能穿過(guò)細(xì)胞外層A.Moreover

而且；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。上文提到"ArtificialUVClightcanpass

throughtheouterlayerOfSkin（人造紫外線可以穿透皮膚的外層）“，后文提到“thereisatypesofUVC

light,knownasfar-UVC.whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerofcells（有一種UVC光，被稱(chēng)為遠(yuǎn)

UVC0哪一種不能穿過(guò)細(xì)胞的外層廣，因此這兩句之間表存在轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。

47.考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但目前還沒(méi)有關(guān)于遠(yuǎn)紫外線輻射對(duì)人類(lèi)的長(zhǎng)期影響以及對(duì)20人以上群體

的研究。A.asmuchas和...一樣（多）；B.asfor至于；C.asaresultof作為....的結(jié)果；D.aswell

as也，和。??studiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVConhumans（遠(yuǎn)紫外線輻射對(duì)人類(lèi)長(zhǎng)期影響的研

究）”和"studiesongroupscomprisingmorethan20PeoPle（對(duì)20人以上群體的研究）”是并列的,這兩種

研究都“arenotavailable（不可以做的）故選D項(xiàng)。

48.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)正常大小的房間里，五盞燈在不到五分鐘的時(shí)間里使微生物

數(shù)量減少了98%。A.increased增加；B.exploded爆炸;Creduced減少；D.lightened減輕，發(fā)亮。

根據(jù)前文“ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatkillsvirusesand

bacteria」研究人員大衛(wèi)?布倫納幫助開(kāi)發(fā)了一種可以殺死病毒和細(xì)菌的遠(yuǎn)紫外線光。廠可知，這些光

可以減少病毒和細(xì)菌。故選C項(xiàng)。

49.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：僅通過(guò)通風(fēng)設(shè)備就能達(dá)到這樣的效果，每小時(shí)要更換184次空氣，

這在目前是不可能的。A.definite清晰的；B.impossible不可能的；C.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；D.sensible

理智的。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知"theairwouldhavetobechanged184timesPerhOUr（空氣每小時(shí)要換184次）”

目前是不可能的。故選B項(xiàng)。

50.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：各國(guó)在允許人們接觸多少紫外線的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上各不相同。A.exteIKIed延

伸；B.covered覆蓋，包括；C.exposed接觸，暴露；D.warned警告。根據(jù)后文“Germany'sIoweMimit

OfUVlighteXPOSUre（德國(guó)紫外線照射的下限，廠可知，各國(guó)關(guān)于人們接觸（被暴露于）紫外線的標(biāo)

準(zhǔn)不一樣。故選C項(xiàng)。

51.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于布倫納的團(tuán)隊(duì)在美國(guó)工作，他遵守美國(guó)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比德國(guó)等一些

國(guó)家的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要寬松。A.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；B.features特征；C.policies政策；D.orders命令，訂單。根

據(jù)上文“CountriesvaryintheirStandardS（各國(guó)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)各不相同）”可知，布倫納研究了美國(guó)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故

選A項(xiàng)。

52.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，即使在德國(guó)紫外線照射的最低限度內(nèi)，布倫納的光仍然可以

顯著減少微生物的數(shù)量。A.permanently永久地；B.instantly立刻,一...就....；C.completely完

全地；D.significantly顯著地。根據(jù)上文“ButevenworkingwithinGermany