高考英語閱讀理解五步法專項(xiàng)帶練(06)講義

一、說明文（用時(shí)6mins）①ThelegalagetodriveacarintheUnitedStatesis16.Gettingadriver^licenseonthedayyouturn16haslongbeenamajorlifeeventformanyyoungpeopleinAmerica.Butinterestindrivingamongtoday'steenagershasdroppedsharplyoverthepastdecades.②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense?By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.③Youngpeoplesaytheyhavemanyreasonsfordelayingoravoidinggettingadriverslicense.Somechoosemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationchoices.OthersfinddrivingstressfulAndsomesimplydonotcareaboutcarsatall.④CelesteRobinsonisahighschoolstudentwholivesinBoston,Massachusetts.Shedependsonfriendswithcarsorpublictransportationtogetaround.Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.“AndIdolovepublictransportation,soIplanthingsinadvanceandmakesureIcangetatrainthere.”⑤SixteenyearoldKatWilsonisfromNewJersey.Herfatherracescarsatlocalpetitions.Butshehasnointerestindriving."Ihatecars.Idoifttrustpeopledrivingthem,especiallyinNewJersey。⑥Wilsonsaid?“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”⑦CarmakerswanttomaketheirvehiclesmoreappealingtoyoungpeoplelikeWilsonandRobinson.Theyseektomakecarsmoreinterestingtoagenerationraisedontechnology.1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Bydoingexperiments.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byusingexactfigures.2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?A.Frightening.B.Demanding.C.HelpfulD.Acceptable.3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?A.Herfather’scareer.B.Herbirthplace.C.Herexperience.D.Hercaraccidents.4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakedrivingattractivetoteens.B.Examplesofyoungpeopledloveforcars.C.Measurestakenbycarmakerstomakesafecars.D.Reasonswhyteensareuninterestedindriving.【五步法解題】1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?4.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakedrivingattractivetoteens.B.Examplesofyoungpeopledloveforcars.C.Measurestakenbycarmakerstomakesafecars.D.Reasonswhyteensareuninterestedindriving.根據(jù)題干主題詞歸納，w先生因?yàn)槭裁词虑樗圆粚W(xué)車，后來又因?yàn)槭裁串a(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)變，這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變方向一般都是好的，不然怎么稱greatest所以推導(dǎo)是由不好變好，從第一篇老師的帶練，文章所說的轉(zhuǎn)變都是由不好變好。這是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀的體現(xiàn)。所以這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變一定是存在外力的引導(dǎo)。D選項(xiàng)排除，同時(shí)不存在熱愛，是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變所以B選項(xiàng)排除，不涉及汽車制造商，C選項(xiàng)排除。最后A選項(xiàng)當(dāng)選2.WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofdriving?A.Frightening.B.Demanding.（要求高=hard）C.HelpfulD.Acceptable.這題需要回文定位。首先排除正向選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)椴环现髦迹Ｏ翧B選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.1.Howdoestheauthorsupportthetopicsentence?A.Byanalyzingreasons.B.Bydoingexperiments.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byusingexactfigures.這題需要回文定位，很明顯吧，不用解釋，還是那句話第一句話找不到答案，看下文②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense?By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.3.WhichprobablyhasthegreatesteffectonWilson^sattitudetodriving?A.Herfather’scareer.B.Herbirthplace.C.Herexperience.D.Hercaraccidents.這題需要回文定位，定位到第六段。⑥Wilsonsaid?“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”凡是做帶有人物的題目必須要對(duì)人物進(jìn)行圈畫，特別是出現(xiàn)2個(gè)以及2個(gè)以上的人物，最好拿不同的顏色熒光筆進(jìn)行圈畫。①ThelegalagetodriveacarintheUnitedStatesis16.Gettingadriver^licenseonthedayyouturn16haslongbeenamajorlifeeventformanyyoungpeopleinAmerica.Butinterestindrivingamongtoday'steenagershasdroppedsharplyoverthepastdecades.②In1983,80percentof18yearoldsinAmericahadadriver?slicense?By2018,thatnumberhaddroppedto61percent.Among16yearolds,thenumberdecreasedfrom46percentin1983to25percentin2018.ThosenumbersefromtheUSFederalHighwayAdministration.ThisdropininterestindrivingbeganwiththemillennialgenerationandhascontinuedwithGenerationZ.③Youngpeoplesaytheyhavemanyreasonsfordelayingoravoidinggettingadriverslicense.Somechoosemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationchoices.OthersfinddrivingstressfulAndsomesimplydonotcareaboutcarsatall.④CelesteRobinsonisahighschoolstudentwholivesinBoston,Massachusetts.Shedependsonfriendswithcarsorpublictransportationtogetaround.Shedescribesherselfasaworriedpersonanddoesnotliketodrive.Ihavetrieditanditjustfeelsveryhard/，RobinsontoldTheAssociatedPress.“AndIdolovepublictransportation,soIplanthingsinadvanceandmakesureIcangetatrainthere.”⑤SixteenyearoldKatWilsonisfromNewJersey.Herfatherracescarsatlocalpetitions.Butshehasnointerestindriving."Ihatecars.Idoifttrustpeopledrivingthem,especiallyinNewJersey。⑥Wilsonsaid?“Iseealotofaccidents,andit’sscary.”⑦CarmakerswanttomaketheirvehiclesmoreappealingtoyoungpeoplelikeWilsonandRobinson.Theyseektomakecarsmoreinterestingtoagenerationraisedontechnology.說明文（用時(shí)712mins）①Newresearchsuggeststhatjustbetween1970and2017,invasivespeciescosttheworldatleast$1.28trillion.Invasivespeciescanwreakhavoconecosystems.Theseorganismssettleintoandcauseharminplaceswheretheyaren?tnative.Forexamplemosquitoesspreaddiseases.Catskillbirdsandsomemammals.②Manyinsectschewupcropsorkilltrees.Suchdamagecanbeverycostly.Soismanagingthemayhem（混亂）theycause.③Byestimatingtheglobalcost,wehopedtoraiseawarenessoftheissue，"BorisLeroytellsScienceNews?Abiogeographer,Leroy,studieshowlives,suchasplantsandanimals,spreadacrossregions.HeworksattheFrenchNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinParis.Researchershavestudiedinvasivespeciesfordecadeshesays.Butmanypeopleremainunawareoftheproblemstheseecobulliescause.④Leroyandhisteamsetouttocalculatethatcost.Theyscouredresearchpapersforestimatedcostsofspecificinvasions.Theycollected1319studiestoanalyze.Tofindlongtermtrendsincostsofinvasions，theresearchersusedaputermodel.Itletthemaccountforcurrenciesusedindifferentcountriesandhowthevalueofmoneychangedovertime.⑤Thenewstudyexaminedcostsofdealingwithdamageplusthecostofmanagingthe12species.Damagecontrolcostabout$892billion.That's13timesmorethanthe$66billionspentonsucheffortsasoustinginvadersorcontrollingtheirspread.Thetotalyearlycostofinvasivecreaturesdoubledroughlyeverysixyearsbetween1970and2017.⑥Thenewresultsarelikelyanunderestimate?That^sbecauseresearchoninvasivespeciesdoesn’tcapturethewholeproblem.ForinstancemorereportsfocusonNorthAmericaandEuropethanonwhat，shappeninginSouthAmericaorAfrica.HoweverRoy，anecologistnotesthestudydoesshowthatinvasivespeciesareamassiveproblemthat，sgettingworse.1.Whydidresearchersassesstheglobalcostinvasivespeciescaused?A.Tomakepeoplepayattentiontotheproblem.B.Tofindlongtermtrendsincostsofinvasions.C.Tofindoutwaysofremovinginvasivespecies.D.Toreducethecostofmanaginginvasivespecies.2.Howdoestheauthorstatetheresultsofthestudy?A.Byanalyzingthereason.B.Byparingdifferences.C.Bylistingrelatedstatistics.D.Bygivingdetailedexamples.3.What’sRoy，sattitudetowardthenewstudy?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D?Disapproving.4Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A.Itwascarriedoutbyanecologist?B.Itjusttestedthecostofsolvingdamage.C.Itmisleadspeopledawarenessoftheissue.D.Itdoesn’tcoverallpartsoftheissue【五步法】串聯(lián)題干Whydidresearchersassesstheglobalcostinvasivespeciescaused?Howdoestheauthorstatetheresultsofthestudy?What’sRoy’sattitudetowardthenewstudy?Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?4Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A.Itwascarriedoutbyanecologist（不合理！過于籠統(tǒng)的描述！）B.Itjusttestedthecostofsolvingdamage.（不合理！just太狹隘，不選?。〤.Itmisleadspeopledawarenessoftheissue.（不合理！主題詞沒有涉及人們意識(shí)）D.Itdoesn’tcoverallpartsoftheissue3.What’sRoy，sattitudetowardthenewstudy?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Ambiguous. D?Disapproving.覆蓋面不全，負(fù)向態(tài)度，B選項(xiàng)當(dāng)選1.Whydidresear