2019年英語(yǔ)新選修八精練Unit2課時(shí)跟蹤練（一）WarmingUpReadingPre-reading

Unit2課時(shí)跟蹤練(一)WarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingⅠ.閱讀理解AAuthorsKyleKurpinskiandTerry D．Johnsonprettymuchhavemeconvincedthathumancloningisquitepossibleandisafuturecertainty.KurpinskiandJohnsonarebothbioengineeringexperts;unlikesimilarscientistsyouhaveseeninthemovies,theybothhaveasenseofhumor.WhatsurprisesmeisthatKurpinskiandJohnsonareabletotakesomethingasplicatedasDNAandmakeitunderstandable.ThebookHowtoDefeatYourOwnCloneteachesuswhatisnowknownasDNA-encoded(編碼),howthathappens,andwhypeoplewithsimilarDNAdon'tlookoractthesame.ThebooknotonlyhelpsusgetabasicunderstandingofwhatDNAanditspurposeare,butalsoexplainscloningandstemcell(干細(xì)胞)research.Itoccurstomethatalotofpeoplewhoareagainststemcellresearchdon'tknowwhattheyareprotestingabout.Theauthorsprovideahistoryofcloning,aswellasinformationaboutstemcells.Therealfunstartswhentheauthorsattackvariousmythsaboutcloning.Obviously,toomanypeoplehavebeenwatchingtoomanybadmoviesandtelevisionprograms.Rememberthey'rejustfictionalstories.If,somehow,scientistsmanagetocloneyou.Twentyyearsfromnowyourcloneisn'tgoingtokillyou.Amongthemythsexploredandexplodedarethataclonewillknoweverythingyouknowandwillactasyoudo,thatheadswhicharecutoffcanbekeptalive,andthataclonehasnobellybutton(肚臍).Manyofthemythsareridiculousbutmanypeoplebelievethem.KurpinskiandJohnsonalsodetailsomebio-improvements“thatreallywork”.Yousee,genescanbecontrolledtohelpyousleepbetterandbeesmarter,healthier,andtaller.Well...notexactlyyou,butfuturegenerations.Ifyoudowindupinabattlewithyourownclone,whowillbeconsiderablyyoungerthanyou,rememberthatitisnotyouandthatitdoesn'tknowwhatyouknow.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文介紹了一本關(guān)于克隆知識(shí)的書(shū)。)1．Manybioengineeringexpertsinmoviesare________.A．humorous B．wealthyC．serious D．crazy解析：選C推理判斷題。從第一段的“unlikesimilarscientistsyouhaveseeninthemovies,theybothhaveasenseofhumor”可知電影中的生物工程學(xué)家一般都是沒(méi)有幽默感的。2．WhichofthefollowingthingsareinthebookHowtoDefeatYourOwnClone?a．WhatDNAanditspurposeare.b．Whoisagainstcloning.c．Thehistoryofcloning.d．Themythsaboutcloning.e．Thedisadvantagesofcloning.A．a(chǎn)，b，e B．a(chǎn)，c，dC．b，d，e D．b，c，d解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的“ThebooknotonlyhelpsusgetabasicunderstandingofwhatDNAanditspurposeare...Theauthorsprovideahistoryofcloning...”及第三段的“Therealfunstartswhentheauthorsattackvariousmythsaboutcloning.”可知答案。3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbiotechnology________.A．hasbeenbannedinmanycountriesaroundtheworldB．isbeingusedtoimproveone'sintelligencerightnowC．canhelpimprovethephysicalconditionoffuturegenerationsD．issuretocureanydiseaseinthenearfuture解析：選C推理判斷題。從第四段的“genescanbecontrolledtohelpyousleepbetterandbeesmarter,healthier,andtaller.Well...notexactlyyou,butfuturegenerations”可知C項(xiàng)正確。4．Accordingtothepassage,acloneofyou________.A．willwanttokillyouB．knowswhateveryouknowC．hasnobellybuttonD．willbeyoungerthanyou解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從最后一段的“whowillbeconsiderablyyoungerthanyou”可知D項(xiàng)正確。BInthemovieJurassicPark,scientistsclonedinosaursbyusingtheDNAthatwaspreservedformillionsofyears.However,thereistroublewhenthecloneddinosaursturnoutfiercerandsmarterthanexpected.Candinosaursreallybecloned?Theoretically,theycan;allthatwouldberequiredisDNAfromanextinctdinosaurandacurrentlylivingcloselyrelatedspecieswhichwouldactasasurrogatemother(代孕母親)．Infact,thereiscontinuingresearchtoclonetheWoollyMammothbyextracting(提取)theDNAfromfrozenanimals.Actually,cloningisaphenomenonthatoccursnaturallyinawidevarietyofspecies.Wheneveryouseeapairofidenticaltwins,theyareexamplesofnature'sclones.Althoughscientistshavebeencloningcertainplantslikethecarrotquitesuccessfullyfordecades,attemptsatcloninganimalshavenotbeenassuccessful.However,theybeganlongbeforethebirthofDolly,thesheep—thefirstmammaltobesuccessfullycloned.Cloninghumansdoesgiverisetosomemisgivings,_raisinganumberofmoralproblemsinvolved.Infact,thesocialinfluencesofproducinghumansartificiallywerebrilliantlyexploredinthefamousnovelBraveNewWorldbyAldousHuxley,andalsointhemovieTheIsland.Humancloningisbasicallyaboutcreatingagenetically(基因地)identicalcopyofapreviouslyexistingperson.Whywouldsomepeoplechoosetoclonehumanbeings?Well,generally,itcouldmakecouplesunabletohavebabieshavetheirownchildren.Replacingadeadchildisalsoanotherreasonwhysomepeoplehaveexpressedinterestinthetechnology.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了克隆的相關(guān)情況。)5．Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto________.A．giveusanintroductiontoamovieB．a(chǎn)nalysethepossibilityofcloningC．giveanintroductiontothetextD．tellustheimportanceofcloning解析：選C寫(xiě)作目的題。從后文內(nèi)容可知，第一段主要是為了引出下文。6．Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．moreandmorepeopleareinterestedincloningB．cloninghassavedmanyanimalsfromdyingoutC．cloninghasaveryshorthistoryD．cloningplantsismucheasier解析：選D推理判斷題。第二段說(shuō)明，人們已經(jīng)成功克隆了植物，而動(dòng)物還不太成功，說(shuō)明克隆植物要比克隆動(dòng)物簡(jiǎn)單得多。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“misgivings”inthethirdparagraphmean?A．Worries. B．Aims.C．Regulations. D．Principles.解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。從該詞后的“raisinganumberofmoralproblemsinvolved”可知，克隆人引起了很多顧慮。misgiving意為“疑慮；顧慮”。CIhadagreattimethissummervisitingStoneMountainParkinGeorgiawithmytwingrandsons.Ihadtheopportunitytospendthedaywiththemseeingthevarioussightsandattractions.OnethingthatmygrandsonshadreallywantedtodowasclimbtothetopofStoneMountain.Itisn'taveryhighmountainandfortunatelyhaswalkingtrailstothetop,butfortwo5-year-olds,alongwiththeirgrandpa,it'saformidabletask.Sincemygrandsons'enthusiasmwasmuchgreaterthanmine,Idecidedtostarttheslowwalkupthemountain.Iremindedmyselfthatittook3oftheirstepstoequal1ofmine,soIfoundmyselfwalkingaheadofthem,thenhavingtostopandletthemcatchup,overandoveragain.Iwastired,justwantingtogettothetopofthemountainsoIcouldrestwellbeforestartingmywayback.Ilearnedearlyonduringourwalkthatthiswasn'tgoingtobethecase.Wehadtostopandlookateverylargerockwithsomeone'snamecarvedinit.Welookedatunusualplantformations.Weexaminedlargetreesandweexploredsmallrockoverhangsthatremindedthekidsofcaves.Mygrandsonsviewedthewalkasanexcitingadventure.Climbingthemountainwasatrialtome,butmygrandsonswerenotfocusedatallonthetrialofclimbingthemountain;theyweresimplyenjoyingthejourneyofthewalk.IknowwhenIfaceatrialinlife,Itendtoalwaysthinkoftheproblem.Iwantthetrialtobeoverquicklyandletlifegetbacktonormal.Butwiththatattitude,whatcanIlearnduringthecourseofatrial?Atsomepoint,thetrialwillbeoverandI'llbejoyousforsure.However,therealjoyshouldn'tbeabouttheendofthetrial,butwhatIlearnedduringthejourney.語(yǔ)篇解讀：生活中遇到考驗(yàn)時(shí)，我們要從中學(xué)到東西，要學(xué)會(huì)享受過(guò)程。8．Theunderlinedword“formidable”inParagraph1probablymeans________.A．meaningful B．difficultC．urgent D．strange解析：選B詞義猜測(cè)題。由該詞所在的第一段前面語(yǔ)句的意思可知，石山雖然不是特別高，而且還有步行道直通山頂，但是對(duì)于兩個(gè)五歲的孩子和他們的爺爺來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)艱巨的任務(wù)。由此可推知畫(huà)線詞formidable在此應(yīng)該意為“艱巨的”。9．Theauthoronlywantedtoreachthemountaintopto________.A．haveagoodrestB．getabetterviewC．lookatunusualplantsD．seelargerockscarvedwithnames解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句“Iwastired,justwantingtogettothetopofthemountainsoIcouldrestwellbeforestartingmywayback.”可知，作者只想到達(dá)山頂后好好休息一下。10．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．EducatingkidsabouttrialsB．LearningtoenjoythejourneyC．MountainclimbingbenefitshealthD．Grandsons'happinessstayswithme解析：選B標(biāo)題歸納題。作者通過(guò)描述與孫子爬山的經(jīng)歷告訴讀者：生活中遇到考驗(yàn)時(shí)，要從中學(xué)到東西，要學(xué)會(huì)享受過(guò)程，故選B項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Work-LifeBalanceManyarticlesarefocusedontheimportanceofwork-lifebalance.Belowaresomesuggestionsmentionedfrequently.Decideonpriorities(優(yōu)先的事物).__1__Youdonotneedtodoeverythinginonenight.Prioritizewhatneedstobedoneearlyintheweekandwhatcanbedonelater.Ifyouarefocusingonafewprojects,youwilldoabetterjoboneachassignment.Don'tbeanover-achiever.Beinganall-aroundpersonisgood.However,youdonotneedtobethecaptainofthefootballteam,theleadineachactivityandtheemployeeofthemonth.__2__Andatthesametimegetyourworkdoneandhavetimetorelaxorhangoutwithfriends.__3__Ifthere'sanactivitythatnolongerbringsyoujoy,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttocontinuepursuingit.It'shardtoletgoofsomethingyou'veinvestedinforyears,butifithasbeeaburdenwithlittlereturnforyou,it'stimetogiveitup.Takecareofyourself.__4__Donotsacrifice(犧牲)yourhealthbecauseyouaretoobusytotakecare