2022年全國職稱英語等級(jí)考試綜合類(B級(jí))試題及答案

2022職稱英語綜合類B真題及答案（完整版）

第1局部詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線局部確定一

個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。

1.Theorganizationwasboldenoughtofacethepress.

A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible

2.1willnottoleratethatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.

A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate

3.1realizedtomyhorrorthatIhadforgottenthepresent.

AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

4.Mostpeoplefindrejectionhardtoaccept.

A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

5.She'sextremelycompetentandindustrious.

A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

6.Thedoctorsdidnotrevealthetruthtohim.

A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

7.Hetriedtoassemblehisthoughts.

A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

8.Thelawcarriesapenaltyofuptothreeyearsinprison.

A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemostappallingconditions.

A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious

10.Theseproductsareinferiortothosewebroughtlastyear.

A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthanD.richerthan

11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhasdeterioratedrapidly.

A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed

12.Therewasasimultaneoustrialtakingplaceinthenext

building.

A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic

13.They'repetitioningforbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledon

publictransport

A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking

14.Hesaidsomeharshwordsabouthisbrother.

A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear

15.Wewereattractedbythelureofquickmoney.

A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp

第2局部：閱讀判斷（第16-22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：

如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A:如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇

如果該句的信息問中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇

B;Co

LivingHistoryatJamestownSettlement

AwomaninNativeAmericanclothesissittinginthesun,sewing

adressfromskin.Insideabuilding,acolonistismakingawooden

chair,usingverysimpletools.Andallaround,touristsaretaking

pictureswiththeirdigital(StSKl)cameras.ThisisJamestown

Settlementtoday.

Jamestown,Virginia,wasoneofthefirstplacesintheworld

wherepeoplefromEurope,America,andAfricacametogetherin

1608.Today,itisalivinghistorymuseum,wherechildrenandadults

cometoexperiencehistory.Inalivinghistorymuseum,actorswear

clothesfromthepastanddemonstratemanyoftheactivitiesofdaily

lifebackthen.Theactorsalsotalktothevisitorsandexplain

dressesworkinsidetheirhomes,andvisitorscanhelpthemwith

theirsewingandcooking.

ThereisalsoanIndianVillageatJamestownSettlement,andit

looksverydifferentfromthefort.ItshowshowtheIndianslivedin

longhousesandgrewcornandothercropsinlargefields.Actors

theremakepottery（陶器）andteachvisitorshowtoplayIndiangames.

YoucanevenhelpthemmakeanIndianboatfromatree.

TodaythelivinghistorymuseumofJamestownisverypopular,

especiallywithchildrenandfamilies.Peoplecomeheretohavefun,

butalsotolearn.Manyschoolclassesvisittoexperienceoldwaysof

gettingthingsdone.Alivinghistorymuseumisthebestwayto

understandhowpeoplelivedinthepast

16.TouristsliketotakepicturesinJamestownSettlementtoday.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

17,inJamestownSettlement,peoplefromthreedifferent

culturescametogetherin1608.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

18.Atalivinghistorymuseum,visitorscannottouchanyofthe

thingsondisplay.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

19.ThefirstcoloniststoJamestownSettlementwerefrom

England.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

20.Theactorsworkingatthemuseumexplainwhattheytodo

thevisitors.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

21.inJamestown,visitorscanwalkthroughtherealshipsthe

colonistsused.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

22.ChildrenandfamiliesenjoyplayingIndiangames.

ARightBwrongCNotmentioned

第3局部：概括大意與完成句子(第23-30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有兩項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：(1)第23-26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

未第2~5段每段選擇1個(gè)最正確標(biāo)題;(2)第27-30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最正確選項(xiàng)。

TeachingIs"OneoftheLeastPopularJobsintheUK”

1)TheUKgovernmenthasjustpublishedareportonthefuture

ofsecondary-schoolteaching(pupilsaged11-16),andthe

conclusionofthereportisthatmanysecondaryschoolsnowface

greatdifficultiesinfindingpeoplewhowanttobeteachers.Sincethe

1980s,thenumberofgraduateswhosaytheywould"seriously

consider*teachingasacareerhasfallensharply,from64%in1982

tojust17%today.Thereportsuggeststhaturgentactionneedstobe

takeninordertoencouragemoreintelligentyounggraduatesinto

teaching.

2)Themaindrawbackofsecondaryteaching,accordingtothe

report,isthelowsalary.Earningsinteachingaremuchlowerthanin

manyotherjobs,andthismeansthatfewerandfeweryoungpeople

decidetobeteachers.JoanneManners,24isagoodexample."I

graduatedinmathslastyear,andIwasthinkingofdoingateacher

trainingcoursetobecomeamathsteacher-butwhenIlookedinto

thedetails,itbecameclearthatteachingisn*taverylucrative傅錢

的)jobthesedays.IsawIcouldearntwiceasmuchifIworkedin

marketingoradvertising,andsoIdecidednottobecomea

teacher.*

3)Ifsnotjustaboutthemoney,however.Thesurvey

concludedthatanotherreasonwhypeopledon,twanttobe

teachersisthatsometeenagersbehaveverybadlyinschool.Alotof

schoolshaveproblemswithdiscipline,anditseemsclearthat

childrendonothavethesamerespectforteachersasinthepast.

Here*stheviewofDaveHallam,anaccountantfromLondon:*I

thinkparentsaretoblame.Theyshouldhavestricterruleswiththeir

childrenathomeandalsoteachtheirchildrentohavemorerespect

forteachers/

4)"Itmakesmefeelsoproud/SaysBrianJones,whoworksin

asecondaryschoolinLondon.Sowhatdoeshethinkthegovernment

shoulddotoencouragemorepeopletobecometeachers?*“My

viewisthatthegovernmentshouldreducetheburdenofworkon

teachers.IfindthatIalwayshavetoomuchworktodo.”

5)Thereportisclearthattheproblemofteachershortageisa

veryseriousone.Itsaysthatthegovernmentshouldraise

teachers*paysignificantly,tocatchupwithworkersinother

professions.Italsosuggeststhatthegovernmentcouldlauncha

nationwidepublicitycampaign,withsomeadvertisementsonTVand

inthenewspapers,toshowthepositivesidesofteachingtoyoung

people.Anothersolutioncouldbesetamaximumnumberofhours

perweekthatteacherscanwork,inordertoreducestresson

teachers."Hopefully,“thereportconcludes,“thesesolutionscan

improvethepoorimageofsecondaryteaching,andincreasethe

numberofyoungpeoplewhowanttobecometeachersinthefuture.

【題干】

23.Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Students'badbehaviorandlackofdiscipline

B.Improvementofchildrenbehavior

C.Heavyworkloadonteachers

D.Theproblemoflowsalary

E.Areportonteachershortage

F.Anationwidepublicitycampaign

【題干】

27.Moreandmoreyoungpeopleareheldbackfrom

teaching.

28.Parentsareencouragedtobacktheteacherupwhenthere

are

29.Thegovernmentshouldreducetheworkloadonteachersto

ease.

30.Thegovernmentshouldpromoteteachingasacareerby

advertising.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Itsbenefits

B.Theirchildhoodmemories

C.theirstress

D.moretraining

E.disciplineproblems

F.becauseofitslowpay

第4局部閱讀理解（第31-45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1

介最正確選項(xiàng)。

第一篇WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,

they'reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfood

foryourheart?Doesitincreasebloodpressure?Doesithelpyou

concentrate?However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehuman

populationinotherways,too.

Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（樹

冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土長的）trees.However,moreandmore

farmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-sun

coffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffee

bushescanbeplantediftherearen*tanytrees.Withincreased

productioncomeincreasedprofits.

Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediately

decreaseslocal-wildlifehabitatNativebirdsnestandhidefrom

predators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamages

theecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesare

neededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsects

thateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsand

alsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcan

evenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginning

togrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthese

farmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrown"and

"birdfriendly.Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe're

payingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.

Ithinkit'sworthit.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

32.Thefunctionoftheword"Traditionally"inParagraph2isto

show.

A.thepositiveeffectsofcoffee.

B.achangeofcoffeegrowth.

C.somethingthatisthemostimportant.

D.howcoffeeproductionusedtobe.

33.Whatdoesincreasedproductionoffull-suncoffeebring

about?

A.Moreinsects.

B.Betterqualitycoffee.

C.Largerfarms.

D.Higherprofits.

34.Howdofarmersfindmorelandforgrowingfull-suncoffee?

A.Theybuymorelandfromotherfarmers.

B.Theycutdowntrees.

C.Theymovetoanothercountry.

D.Theyturngrasslandintofarmland.

35.Thefull-sunmethodmayaffectthefollowingEXCEPTfull

sun

A.insects.

B.air.

C.birds

D.humans

第二篇WashoeLearnedAmericanSignLanguage

Ananimalthatinfluencedscientificthoughthasdied.A

chimpanzeenamedWashoeandborninAfricadiedofnaturalcauses

latelastmonthattheageof42ataresearchcenterintheAmerican

stateofWashington.Washoehadbecomeknowninthescientific

communityandaroundtheworldforherabilitytouseAmericanSign

Language.Shewassaidtobethefirstnon-humantolearnahuman

language.Herskillsalsoledtodebateaboutprimatesandtheir

abilitytounderstandlanguage.

ResearchscientistsAllenandBeatrixGardnerbeganteaching

Washoesignlanguagein1966.1n1969,theGardnersdescribed

Washoe'sprogressinascientificreport.Thepeoplewho

experimentedwithWashoesaidshegrewtounderstandabout250

words.Forexample,Washoemadesignstocommunicatewhenit

wastimetoeat.Shecouldrequestfoodslikeapplesandbananas.

Shealsoaskedquestionslike,"Whoiscomingtoplay?"Oncethe

newsaboutWashoespread,manylanguagescientistsbeganstudies

oftheirownintothisnewandexcitingareaofresearch.Thewhole

directionofprimateresearchchanged.

However,criticsarguedWashoeonlylearnedtorepeatsign

languagemovementsfromwatchingherteachers.Theysaidshehad

neverdevelopedtruelanguageskills.Evennow,therearesome

researcherswhosuggestthatprimateslearnsignlanguageonlyby

memory,andperformthesignsonlyforprizes.YetWashoe'skeepers

disagree.RogerFoutsisaformerstudentoftheGardeners.Hetook

WashoetoaresearchcenterinEllensburg,Washington.There,

Washoetaughtsignlanguagetothreeyoungerchimpanzees,which

arestillalive.

ScientistslikeprivateresearcherJaneGoodallbelieveWashoer

providednewinformationaboutthementalworkingsof

chimpanzees.Today,therearenotasmanyscientistsstudying

languageskillswithchimps.Partofthereasonisthatthiskindof

researchtakesaverylongtime.

Debatecontinuesaboutchimpsunderstandingofhuman

communication.Yet,onethingissure-Washoechangedpopular

ideasaboutthepossibilitiesofanimalintelligence

36.TheGardeners1experimentwithWashoe.

A.beganin1969

B.wonabigprize

C.lastedthreeyears

D.influencedprimateresearch

37.Thesecondparagraphmainlydiscusses.

A.areportaboutWashoe1sprogressinlearningsignlanguage

B.thewholedirectionofprimateresearch

C.newprimateresearchesconductedbymanylanguage

scientific

D.anexperimentwithWashoeataresearchcenterinAfrica.

38.TheGardeners1experimentwithWashoewascriticized

because.

A.justasksomesimplequestion

B.onlycopyteachers'signlanguage

C.onlymemorizeabout250words

D.justrepeatshortsentences.

39.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.RogerFoutstaughtsignlanguagetothreeyounger

chimpanzees.

B.WashoewasthefirstchimptouseAmericanSignLanguage

C.AchimpanzeediedofnaturalcausesinAfricaataresearch

center

D.Nowadaystherearestilllotsofscientistsexperimentingwith

chimpanzees

40.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.Whetherchimpscanlearnahumanlanguageremains

unanswered

B.primatehavetheabilitytospeakalanguage

C.animalscannotlearnahumansign

D.Washoeisasintelligentashumans

第三篇ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland

AmoderateearthquakestruckpartsofsoutheastEnglandon28

April2022,topplingchimneysfromhousesandrousingresidents

fromtheirbeds.Severalthousandpeoplewereleftwithoutpowerin

KentCounty.Onewomansufferedminorheadandneckinjuries.

"Itfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingslidacrosslikeafun-fair

ride,"saidthewoman.

TheBritishGeologicalSurveysaidthe4.3-magnitudequake

struckat8:19a.m.andwascenteredundertheEnglishChannel,

about8.5milessouthofDoverandneartheentrancetotheChannel

Tunnel.

Witnessessaidcracksappearedinwallsandchimneyscollapsed

acrossthecounty.Residentssaidthetremorhadlastedforabout10

to15seconds.

"Iwaslyinginbedanditfeltasifsomeonehadjustgotupfrom

bednexttome."saidHendrickvanEck,27,ofCanterburyabout60

milessoutheastofLondon/'Ithenheardthesoundofcracking,andit

wasgettingheavierandheavier.Itfeltasifsomeonewasattheend

ofmybedhoppingupanddown."

Therearethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundthe

worldeachyear,buttheyarerareinBritain.TheApril28quakewas

thestrongestinBritainsince2022whena4.8-magnitudequake

struckthecentralEnglandcityofBirmingham.

Thecountry'sstrongestearthquaketookplaceintheNorthSea

in1931,measuring6.1ontheRichterscale.BritishGeologicalSurvey

scientistRogerMussonsaidthequaketookplaceon28Aprilinan

areathathadseenseveralofthebiggestearthquakesevertostrike

Britain,includingonein1580thatcauseddamageinLondonandwas

feltinFrance.Mussonpredictedthatitwasonlyamatteroftime

beforeanotherearthquakestruckthispartofEngland.However,

peopleshouldnotbescaredtoomuchbythisprediction,Musson

said,asthemodernearthquakewarningsystemofBritainshouldbe

abletodetectaforthcomingquakeandannounceitseveralhours

beforeittakesplace.Thiswouldallowtimeforpeopletoevacuate

andreducedamagetotheminimum.

41.ThebiggestearthquaketookplaceinBritain.

Ain1931

Bin1580

Cin2022

Din2022

42.Theword“collapsed“inparagraph4mostprobably

means.

A.Fellapart

B.Flewoff

C.Shookup

D.Blewout

43.Thephrase"thisscale*inparagraph6refersto.

A.4.8-magnitudequake

B.4.3-magnitudequake

C.5.8ontheRicherscale

D6.1ontheRicherscale

44.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueExcept.

A.thequakecausedapowerfailureinKentCountry

B.thetremorlastedfor10-15seconds.

C.peopleinCanterburyfeltstrongquake

D.thequakewascenteredundertheChannelTunnel.

45.Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.moderateearthquakesoftenstrikeLondoninthehistory

B.earthquakewarmingsystemofBritaincanpredictthe

forthcomingquake

C.anotherearthquakeispredictedtooccurinEngland

D.theFrenchalsofelttheearthquaketakingplaceon28,April

第5局部補(bǔ)全短文（第46-50題，每題1分，共5分）

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)

短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)原貌。

SavingaCity'sPublicArt

AvoidingtrafficjamsinLosAngelesmaybeimpossible,butthe

city'scolorfulfreewaymurals（壁畫）canbrighteneventheworst

commute.Paintingsthatdepict（描述）famouspeopleandhistorical

scenescoverofficebuildingsandfreewaywallsallaccessthecity.

Withacollectionofmorethan2,000murals,LosAngelesisthe

unofficialmuralcapitaloftheworld.

Butthecombinationofgraffiti（涂鴉），pollution,andhotsunhas

leftmanyL.A.muralsinterriblecondition.（46）inthepast.

expertssay,littleattentionwasgiventocaringforpublicart.Artists

wereevenexpectedtomaintaintheirownworks,notaneasytask

withcarsracingbyalongthefreeway.(47)Theworkstartedin

2022.Sofar,16wallshavebeenselectedandmoremaybeadded

later.

UntilaboutI960,publicmuralsinLosAngeleswererare.Butin

the1960sand1970s,youngL.A.artistsbegantostudyearly

20th-centuryMexicanmuralpainting(48)

ThemostfamousmuralinthecityisJudithBaca's"TheGreat

Wall,"a13-foot-high(4-meter-high)paintingthatrunsforhalfamile

(0.8kilometer)inNorthHollywood,(49)ittookeightyearsto

complete—400underprivilegedteenagerspaintedthedesigns-and

isprobablythelongestmuralintheworld.

OneofthemuralsthatwillberestorednowisKentTwitchell's

"SeventhStreetAltarpiece."whichhepaintedfortheLosAngeles

Olympicsin1984.(50)Twitchellsaid,"itwasmeantasakindof

gatewaythroughwhichthetravelertoL.A.mustdrive.Theopen

handsrepresentpeace."

Artistsoftencallmuralsthepeople'sart.Alongabusyfreewayor

hiddeninaquietneighborhood,muralscanteachpeoplewhowould

neverpaymoneytoseefineartinamuseum,"Muralsgiveavoiceto

thesilentmajority,"saidoneartist.

A.Thecitytryingtostopthespreadofgraffiti,haspaintedover

someofthemuralscomplete.

B.Thisstrikingworkdepictstwopeoplefacingeachotheron

oppositesidesofthefreewayneardowntownLosAngeles.

C.ArtistslikemuralsbecausetheyliketheworkofMexican

artists.

D.Nowthecityisbeginningahugeprojecttorestorethecity's

murals.

E.ThemuralrepresentsthehistoryofethnicgroupsinCalifornia.

F.Soon,theirmuralsbecameasymbolofthecity'scultural

expressionsandashowcaseforL.A.'sculturaldiversity.

第6局部：完形填空(第51~65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1分最正確選項(xiàng)。

TheInternetHouse

AleadingBritishbuildinganddesigncompanyhasjust

announcedtheirplansforthehomeofthefuture.Thenew

design,(51)asthe“InternetHouse,hasfivebedrooms,plentyof

bathroomsandadoublegarage.Butthesearenotthemainselling

(52),foritisthe￡25000(53)