Unit4Don'teatintheclass單元語法點(diǎn)及練習(xí)人教版七年級(jí)英語下冊

Unit4Don’teatintheclass語法鏈接祈使句一、基本用法祈使句用來表示命令、請求、勸告、建議、禁止等，以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，否定祈使句以“Don’t＋動(dòng)詞原形”開頭。它的主語是聽話人（you），一般不需要說出來，祈使句末尾用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，句子用降調(diào)。祈使句的種類有以下幾種：1．do型。即省略主語you，用動(dòng)詞原形開頭，開頭或結(jié)尾可以用please。Listentomecarefully，please.請仔細(xì)聽我講。Openthedoor，please.請把門打開。【教材原句】Don’tarrivelateforclass.上課不要遲到。2．be型。以系動(dòng)詞be開頭，其句型為：Be動(dòng)詞＋表語（名詞、形容詞）＋其他.。Bequiet，boysandgirls！大家安靜！3．Let型。Let后面可以跟代詞第一、二和第三人稱的賓格做賓語，即Letsb.dosth.。Let’sgoandaskourteacher.咱們?nèi)枂柪蠋煱伞?．省略型。祈使句可采用省略形式，即根據(jù)上下文省略動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組。Thisway，please.請這邊走。（句首省略e）二、特殊用法（一）祈使句的否定形式1．肯定形式是do型和be型的句子，其否定形式在句首加Don’t，句首有please或人名的，在please或人名后加don’t?！窘滩脑洹緿on’truninthehallways.不要在走廊里跑。Mary，don’tbelateforclassagain.瑪麗，上課不要再遲到了。（容易錯(cuò)用doesn’t）2．Let型句子的否定形式為“Let＋賓語＋not＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他.”。Letthemnotgooutforawalk.Itisraining.讓他們別出去散步了。下雨了。3．警示型。常由“No＋名詞或動(dòng)詞的ing形式”構(gòu)成，表示“禁止”或“規(guī)勸”人們不許做某事。Nophotos.不許拍照。Noparking！禁止停車！Noparkinghere.此處不準(zhǔn)停車。（二）祈使句的回答1．由于祈使句所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作是還未發(fā)生的，因此對(duì)它的應(yīng)答通常要用“一般將來時(shí)”。Pleaseturnoffthelightwhenyougoout.當(dāng)你出去的時(shí)候請關(guān)上燈。OK，Iwill.好的，我會(huì)的。Don’tbelateanymore.不要再遲到了。Sorry，Iwon’t.對(duì)不起，我不會(huì)再遲到了。2．以let開頭的句式的肯定回答多用“Goodidea.”，否定用“Sorry，...”。Let’schatontheInternet.我們上網(wǎng)聊天吧。Goodidea.好主意。三、難點(diǎn)突破1．祈使句的反意疑問句祈使句的反意疑問句，一般用willyou，以letme和letus開頭的祈使句，后面用willyou，以let’s開頭的祈使句變反意疑問句時(shí)，后面用shallwe。Don’tstandhere，willyou？別站在這兒，好嗎？Letushaveabreak，willyou？讓我們休息一下，好嗎？2．祈使句與復(fù)合句的轉(zhuǎn)換if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“祈使句＋and／or＋簡單句”結(jié)構(gòu)。Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llnotcatchtheearlybus.=Hurryup,oryou'llnotcatchtheearlybus.如果你不快點(diǎn)，就趕不上早班公交車了。Ifyouworkharder,you'llcatchupwithyourclassmates.=Workharder,andyou'llcatchupwithyourclassmates.如果你再努力些，你就會(huì)趕上你的同學(xué)?！菊Z法專練】一.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Tom,________(not)drawonthewall.Sorry,Iwon’tdoitagain.2.Mary,let’s________(go)homenow.3.MayItakesomepictureshere?Sorry,youmustn’t.Pleaselookatthesign.Itsays“No________(photo)”.4.Boysandgirls,________(be)quite!Classbegins!5.Lethim________(not)openthedoor.It’stoocold.二、單項(xiàng)填空。6.Tom,________theumbrellawithyou.It’sgoingtorain.OK,mom.A.takingB.takesC.takeD.istaking7.Mike,________playfootballinthestreetnexttime.It’sdangerous.OK,Iwon’tdothatagain,mom.A.mustn’tB.mustC.don’tD.do8.Don’tbenoisyinpublic.It’simpolite,youknow.________A.Sorry,Iwon’t.B.Notatall.C.I’mafraidso.9.Tom,turnoffthelight.Don’tkeepiton.________.A.You’dbetternotB.OK,IwillC.NotatallD.You’rewele10.________silent,please!Youareinthelibrary.I’msorry,madam.A.KeepB.TokeepC.KeepingD.Kept11.________,oryouwon’tdowellinyourlessons.OK.Iwill.A.Don’tworkhardB.WorkhardC.HardworkD.Toworkhard12.David,________maketroubleatschool.A.can’tB.don’tC.doesn’tD.not13.–Tom,________heretocarrytheluggageupstairsforme,willyou？Allright.A.eB.cameC.ingD.toe14.________thedishesafterdinner,Tony.Noproblem,Mom.A.WashingB.WashesC.TowashD.Wash15.HowcanIavoidtheillness,sir?________amaskwhengoingoutandwashhandswithsoap.A.WearsB.WearC.TowearD.WearingUnit4語法要點(diǎn)鏈接+單元練習(xí)?SCHOOLRULES校規(guī)rule的用法用法分析rule做可數(shù)名詞，意為“規(guī)則；法規(guī)；制度”。Weshouldobeytheschoolrules.我們應(yīng)該遵守校規(guī)?！竟潭ù钆洹縮choolrules校規(guī);trafficrules交通規(guī)則；familyrules家規(guī)；follow／obeytherules遵守／服從規(guī)則；breaktherules違反規(guī)則；makearule制訂規(guī)則?！纠}】（2022四川德陽中考）根據(jù)句意和首字母提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。Westudentsmustfollowther______ofourschool.?Don’tarrivelateforclass。上課不要遲到。(1)否定祈使句的用法本句是否定祈使句，形式為“Don’t＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他.”，表示勸告、請求、命令、囑咐不要做某事。Don’tlookoutofthewindow.不要朝窗外看?！局锌继厥饪键c(diǎn)】祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)在動(dòng)詞原形前加don’t，不可加doesn’t，not等。當(dāng)前面為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)仍用don't。Tom,don'tmakethesamemistake.湯姆，不要犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤?！纠}】（2022·遂寧中考）Sam，_______runinthehallways.It'sverydangerous.Sorry,Ms.Black.A.doB.don'tC.notD.doesn't(2)arrive的用法arrive作不及物動(dòng)詞，后加介詞at或in。arriveat后常接車站、學(xué)校、郵局、機(jī)場等較小的地點(diǎn)；arrivein后常接表示國家、城市等較大地點(diǎn)的名詞。Whendoesthetrainarriveatthestation？火車什么時(shí)候到站？They'llarriveinNewYorktomorrow.他們明天將到達(dá)紐約?！咀⒁狻縜rrivein/at后若接副詞here/there/home等，介詞須省略。arrivelatefor表示“遲到”，相當(dāng)于belatefor。前者指到的時(shí)間晚，后者指狀態(tài)。Don'tarrivelateforthemeetingnexttime.=Don'tbelateforthemeetingnexttime.下次開會(huì)別遲到了。【例題】（海南中考）EightmembersofaChineseteamarrived________thetopofMountQomolangmasuccessfully.A.inB.atC.to?Youmustbeontime．你一定要準(zhǔn)時(shí)。must的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）must情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“必須；務(wù)必”、無時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化、后接動(dòng)詞原形。Youmustfinishyourhomeworktoday.今天你必須完成你的家庭作業(yè)。Theymustobeytheschoolrules.他們必須遵守校規(guī)。【要點(diǎn)拓展】（1）含must的一般疑問句must直接提前即可；mustn’t表示“千萬別；一定不”，用于表示“禁止”。MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?我必須現(xiàn)在完成作業(yè)嗎？Youmustn'tplaysocceronthestreet.你千萬不要在大街上踢足球。（2）mustbe一定是，用于有把握的肯定推測。ThebookmustbeTom's,becausehisnameisonit.這本書一定是湯姆的，因?yàn)樯厦嬗兴拿?。【例題】（2022·濟(jì)南歷城區(qū)期中）Whataretherulesinyourschool?We_______wearuniformsatschool.A.canB.couldC.mustD.wouldontime意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)”。Youmustreturnthebooksontime.你必須按時(shí)歸還圖書?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】ontime，intimeontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)，指按規(guī)定／指定的時(shí)間。intime及時(shí)，指正趕上時(shí)候或恰在需要的時(shí)候。Pleaseetoschoolontimetomorrow.明天請按時(shí)到校。Firemenreachedthehouseonfireintime.消防隊(duì)員及時(shí)趕到那幢失火的房子。【例題】（青海中考）Excuseme,willtheflightarrivesoon?Yes.Itwillbelandingright_______.A.attimesB.intimeC.ontime?Don’tlistentomusicinclass．不要在課堂上聽音樂。listen為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“聽；傾聽”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的動(dòng)作。后接賓語時(shí)，后面要加介詞to。TheyarelisteningtoanEnglishsong.他們正在聽一首英文歌曲?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】listen，hear，soundlisten表示“聽”，指聽的動(dòng)作。hear“聽見，聽到”，表示“聽到”的結(jié)果。sound感官系動(dòng)詞，表示“聽起來”，后接形容詞做表語。Listen!Canyouhearanything?聽！你能聽到什么嗎？No，Icanhearnothing.不，我什么也聽不到。Yourideasoundsgreat！你的想法聽起來很棒！【中考特殊考點(diǎn)】“Listen！”是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。Listen!Thechildrenaresingingintheclassroom.聽！孩子們正在教室里唱歌。?Don’tfight．不要打架。fight的用法fight做動(dòng)詞，意為“爭辯；打架；戰(zhàn)斗”，做名詞，意為“打架；爭吵”。詞組haveafightwithsb.表示“和某人爭吵／打架”。Whatdotheyfightfor？他們?yōu)槭裁创蚣埽緿on'thaveafightwithyourfriends.不要和你的朋友們打架。【固定搭配】fightover為……而爭吵/爭斗fightagainst為反對(duì)……而爭斗fightwith同……并肩戰(zhàn)斗，與……打架fightfor為……而戰(zhàn)?Thisisveryimportant．這是很重要。important的用法important形容詞，意為“重要的，重大的”。其前用不定冠詞修飾時(shí)用an。It’sanimportantmeeting.這是一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】importantbeimportanttosb.對(duì)某人很重要。Itisimportant(forsb.)todosth.做某事（對(duì)某人來說）很重要。Thispictureisveryimportanttohim.這幅畫對(duì)他來說很重要。It'simportantforustokeephealthy.保持健康對(duì)我們來說很重要?！驹~性轉(zhuǎn)換】importantadj.重要的→importancen.重要性反義詞unimportantadj.不重要的?Canwebringmusicplayerstoschool？我們能把音樂播放器帶到學(xué)校嗎？bring的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）bring做動(dòng)詞，意為“拿來，帶來”。bringsb.／sth.tosp.把某人／某物帶來某地。bringsth.forsb.＝bringsb.sth.給某人帶來某物。PleasebringyourIDcardfromyourhome.請把你的身份證從家里帶過來。Canyoubringyourredpenforme?你能把你的紅色鋼筆給我?guī)韱?？【要點(diǎn)辨析】bring,take，get/fetch,carrybring“拿來，帶來”，指從別處把某人或某物帶到說話人所在的地點(diǎn)。take“拿走，帶走”，指從說話者所在地把某人或某物帶走。get/fetch“拿來，去取”，離開說話地去取某物再回來，動(dòng)作是往返的。carry“提，扛，抱，抬”等，指隨身攜帶、搬運(yùn)，無方向性。Whydon’tyoubringhimhere？你為什么不把他帶到這兒來？Whenheleaves,hewilltakethebookwithhim.他走的時(shí)候會(huì)把書帶走的。Youhavetoget／fetchthebook.你得去把那本書取回來。Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.那個(gè)箱子太重了，我搬不動(dòng)?！纠}】（甘肅慶陽期中）Canyou_______yourbaseball______school?A.take;inB.bring;toC.bring;inD.need;to?Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我們總是得穿校服。haveto的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）haveto（hasto）意為“必須；不得不”，表示客觀上要做的事，必須與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。其否定句、疑問句和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律一致。Shedoesn'thavetoetoschooltomorrow.她明天不必到學(xué)校來?！咀⒁狻縣aveto和must都有“必須”之意，但是haveto側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀條件需要做的事情，而must側(cè)重于表示說人的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有義務(wù)，有必要去某事。Hisgrandpahastostayinbedbecauseheisill.他爺爺病了，不得不臥床休息。Wemustkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.我們必須保持教室干凈整潔?！局锌继厥饪键c(diǎn)】haveto用于must開頭的一般疑問句的否定回答。此時(shí)don’t／doesn'thaveto=needn't。MustIhandinthehomeworktoday？我必須今天上交家庭作業(yè)嗎？No，youdon’thaveto／needn’t.不，你不必?！纠}】（甘肅慶陽期中）______Ifinishmyworknow?No,you______.Youcandoitlater.A.May;needn'tB.Must;don'thavetoC.Can;couldn'twear的用法wear動(dòng)詞，意為“穿著；戴著”，賓語可以是衣服、眼鏡，也可以是飾物或獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌?，也可以表示留頭發(fā)或胡須等。I’mwearingasilkshirt.我正穿著一件絲綢襯衫。Sheoftenwearsapairofglasses.她常常戴著一副眼鏡。【要點(diǎn)辨析】puton;wear;inputon穿上、戴上，強(qiáng)調(diào)穿衣的動(dòng)作，反義短語是takeoff（脫掉）。wear穿著，戴著，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。in穿著，后接表示顏色或衣服的詞、介詞短語做表語或定語。?.Oh,andwealsohavetobequietinthelibrary.噢，我們在圖書館里也必須安靜。quiet是形容詞，意為“安靜的，寧靜的”，做表語或定語。Thisisaquietcountryroad.這是一條寂靜的鄉(xiāng)間小路。【要點(diǎn)拓展】quiet用來形容人時(shí)，指人的性格比較安靜、恬靜、文靜的。Sheseemstobeaveryquietgirl。她似乎是一個(gè)很文靜的女孩?！竟潭ù钆洹縦eepquiet=bequiet保持安靜【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】quietadj.安靜的→quietlyadv.安靜地（修飾動(dòng)詞）↓noisyadj.吵鬧的→noisily吵鬧地（修飾動(dòng)詞）【例題】Studentsarebusywritingwithouttalking,sotheclassroomis________.A.brightB.quietC.small?practicetheguitar練習(xí)吉他practice的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）practice做動(dòng)詞，意為“練習(xí)”，后接名詞、代詞或v.ing形式做賓語。Nowlet'spracticesingingthenewsong.現(xiàn)在讓我們練習(xí)唱這首新歌?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】practice做不可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習(xí)”。YourspokenEnglishisverypoor,soyouneedalotofpractice.你的英語口語很差，所以你需要大量的練習(xí)。【溫馨提示】美式英語中，動(dòng)詞和名詞都用practice；英式英語中，動(dòng)詞用practise，名詞用practice?！局锌继厥饪键c(diǎn)】必須接doing（不接不定式）做賓語的動(dòng)詞：finish，enjoy，miss，practice,consider,mind。Canyoufinishreadingthebookinaweek？你能在一周內(nèi)讀完這本書嗎？【例題】（2022·岳陽中考）Manystudentspractice_______inthemorningbecauseoftheP.E.exam.A.runB.runningC.ran?dothedishes清洗餐具dothedishes的用法dishn.盤；碟。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為dishes。Theyarewashingthedishes.他們正在洗餐具?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】“do＋名詞”表示“做······”?！癲o＋名詞”的短語：dothedishes＝washthedishes清洗餐具；dochores做家務(wù)，dohousework做家務(wù)，dothehomework做作業(yè)?！緶剀疤崾尽縟ish還可做名詞，指“一道菜、菜肴”。Thisdishismuchtoosalty.這個(gè)菜太咸了。?Therearetoomanyrules！有太多的規(guī)定！toomany的用法toomany表示“太多的·····.”，用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。TherearetoomanycarsinBeijing.在北京有太多小汽車了?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】toomany,toomuch,muchtoo.somany,somuch toomany修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞toomuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞/動(dòng)詞muchtoo太……修飾形容詞/副詞somany如此多修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞somuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞【注意】區(qū)別時(shí)主要看短語后面的many（接復(fù)數(shù)名詞）；much（接不可數(shù)名詞）；too（接形容詞（副詞）。Ihavetoomanyquestionstoask.我有太多的問題要問。Todayhehastoomuchhomeworktodo.今天他有太多的家庭作業(yè)要做。It’smuchtoocoldtoday.今天天氣太冷了。Thanksforsendingmesomanyphotos.謝謝你寄給我這么多照片。?Atschool,wehavemorerulesdon'tbenoisy，don’teatinclass，...在學(xué)校，我們有更多的規(guī)定不要吵鬧、不要在課上吃東西，······more的用法more更多的，是many／much的比較級(jí)。Youshoulddrinkmorewater.你應(yīng)該喝更多的水?！竟潭ù钆洹縨orethan超過，多于moreorless或多或少；moreandmore越來越······；what’smore而且，況且；nomore＝not...anymore不再?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】“數(shù)詞／some＋more”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“再來······”。I’dlikeonemoreapple.我還想要一個(gè)蘋果。Wouldyoulikesomemorerice？再來點(diǎn)米飯好嗎？noisy的用法noisyadj.吵鬧的。做表語或定語。Theradioistoonoisy.Pleaseturnitoff.收音機(jī)太吵了。請把它關(guān)上?！驹~性轉(zhuǎn)換】noisen.噪音，喧鬧聲←noisyadj.吵鬧的→noisilyadv.吵鬧地（修飾動(dòng)詞）【固定搭配】makeanoise=makenoises制造噪音noisepollution噪聲污染Don’tmakeanoiseinclass.不要在課堂上吵鬧。?Afterdinner，Ican’trelaxeither．晚飯后，我也不能放松。relax的用法relax做動(dòng)詞，意為“放松；休息”。relaxoneself放松自己。Youshouldn'tworkallthetime.You’dbetterlearntorelaxyourself.你不應(yīng)一直工作。你最好學(xué)會(huì)自我放松?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】relaxed，relaxingrelaxed“放松的”，主語是表示人的詞。relaxing“令人放松的”，做定語，修飾名詞或物做主語。Ifeltrelaxedafterthepetition.在比賽之后，我感到很放松。Ilikethoserelaxingcountrysongs.我喜歡那些令人放松的鄉(xiāng)村歌曲。?.ImustreadabookbeforeIcanwatchTV．在我可以看電視之前我必須讀書。read做動(dòng)詞，意為“讀；閱讀”Readinginbedisnotgoodforyoureyes.在床上看書對(duì)你的眼睛不好?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】watch，look，see，readwatch“觀看；注視”，指看電視、看比賽、觀看各種表演等。look不及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語時(shí)后加at。表示有意識(shí)地、集中精力地去看。see強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果，是及物動(dòng)詞，其后可直接接賓語，意為“看見；看到”。read意為“看，讀”，其賓語常是書、報(bào)紙、雜志等。DoesyourfatherwatchTVeveryday？你父親每天都看電視嗎？Lookattheboysoverthere！看看在那邊的男孩子們！Mygrandfatherlikesreadingnewspaperseverymorning.我爺爺喜歡每天早晨看報(bào)紙。before的用法before意為“在……之前”，和after“在······之后”相對(duì)應(yīng)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，主句可以是祈使句也可用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Pleaseclosethedoorbeforeyouleavetheroom.在你離開房間前請關(guān)上門。Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheyeback.他們要過四天才能回來?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】before用在時(shí)間、事件和位置前，做介詞，意為“在······之前”或做副詞，意為“以前”。Canyouebackbefore7：00？你能在7點(diǎn)之前回來嗎？I’veseenthatfilmbefore.我以前看過那部電影。?Iknowhowyoufeel．我知道你的感受。feel的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）此句feel做系動(dòng)詞，主語是人，后跟形容詞做表語，表示“感到，覺得”。Ifeelhappytoday.今天我感到很高興?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】（1）feel做動(dòng)詞，意為“覺得；感受”。feelsb.／sth.dosth.感覺某人／物做過或經(jīng)常做某事，feelsb.／sthdoingsth.感覺某人／物正在做某事。Ifeltthegroundshakejustnow.我剛才感覺地面動(dòng)了。NowIcanfeelthewindblowingonmyface.現(xiàn)在我能感覺到風(fēng)吹到我的臉上。（2）feel做系動(dòng)詞，意為“摸起來”，后跟形容詞做表語。Theskirtfeelssoft.這條裙子摸起來很柔軟。（3）feellikedoingsth．喜歡／想做某事。Idon'tfeellikecooking.Let'seatout.我不想做飯。我們出去吃吧?！纠}】（2022·濟(jì)寧中考改編）Gotobedifyou______sleepy.A.lookB.feelC.tasteD.sound?Parentsandschoolsaresometimesstrict,butremembertheymakerulestohelpus.父母和學(xué)校有時(shí)候是嚴(yán)格的，但是要記住，他們制訂規(guī)則是為了幫助我們。strict的用法句中strict是形容詞，意為“嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的”?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】bestrictwithsb.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格bestrictinsth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格Heisstrictwithhisson,butheneverbeatshim.他對(duì)兒子要求嚴(yán)格，但從不打他。OurEnglishteacherisstrictinhiswork.我們的英語老師對(duì)他的工作要求嚴(yán)格。remember的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）remember動(dòng)詞，意為“記??；想起”，后跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。反義詞forget意為“忘記”。Pleaseremembertohelpmebuysomefruit.請記得幫我買些水果。Irememberdoingmyhomework,butIforgottohanditin.我記得做作業(yè)了，但我忘了交?！疽c(diǎn)辨析】rememberdoingsth.,remembertodosth.rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（事已經(jīng)做了）remembertodosth.記住要去做某事（事情還沒做）【一言辯異】IrememberturningofftheTV,butIdidn'tremembertolockthedoor.我記得關(guān)了電視，但我沒記得鎖門。【要點(diǎn)拓展】與remember用法類似的短語forgetdoingsth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）。forgettodosth.忘記要做某事（動(dòng)作沒發(fā)生）。stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事。stoptodosth.停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。Stopworkingandweshouldstoptohavearest.停止工作，我們應(yīng)該停下來休息一下?！纠}】（2022·郴州中考）Remember________thelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.A.turnoffB.toturnoffC.turningoff?Wehavetofollowthem．我們不得不遵守它們。follow的用法follow做動(dòng)詞，意為“遵循；遵守”。Weshouldfollowtheschoolrules.我們應(yīng)該遵守校規(guī)。【要點(diǎn)拓展】（1）follow做動(dòng)詞，意為“服從；跟隨；領(lǐng)會(huì)；聽懂；聽從”。Ifollowedhimintotheroom.我跟著他進(jìn)了那個(gè)房間。（2）following做形容詞，意為“下面的；其次的，接著的”。Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.請回答下面的問題?！竟潭ù钆洹縡ollowsb.todosth.跟著某人做某事followtherules遵循、遵守規(guī)則followafter追求，模仿followtheexampleof以……為榜樣followsb.around跟著某人轉(zhuǎn)Ioftenfollowmymothertoseemygrandma.我常常跟著媽媽去看望外祖母?！纠}】（2022·江西中考）_________me,andI'llshowyoutheway.A.FollowB.ForgetC.LeaveD.Punish?Goodluck！祝你好運(yùn)！luck的用法luck為名詞，意為“運(yùn)氣”。Goodluck.好運(yùn)，用于祝福某人。badluck倒霉，指運(yùn)氣不佳。Goodlucktoyou.祝你好運(yùn)。Badluck!I'vecutmyfingerandbloodisrunning.真倒霉！我的手指割傷了，血流不止?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】goodluckwithsth.表示“祝某事成功／順利”，“祝福某人成功／走運(yùn)”用“goodlucktosb.”。【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】unluckyadj.不幸的luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的unluckilyadv.不幸地luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地（位于句首，表示感慨）Luckily,wefindadoctoroverthere.幸運(yùn)的是，我們在那兒找到了一個(gè)醫(yī)生?！緶剀疤崾尽砍Ｓ米８ＵZ：Havefun!/Haveagoodtime！玩得開心點(diǎn)！Haveagooddream！做個(gè)好夢！Haveaniceday！祝你度過美好的一天！Bestwishes.最美好的祝愿、祝福（給你）?！纠}】（2022·十堰中考）Iamgoingtotakeanexamtomorrow.__________A.Wonderful!B.Helpyourself.C.Goodluck!D.Hurryup.?....,andIhaveto/mustkeepmyhairshort．······，并且我必須留短發(fā)。keep的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）keep做及物動(dòng)詞，意為“保持；保留”?！発eep＋sb.／sth.＋adj.”意為“使某人／某物處于某種狀態(tài)”。Weshouldkeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.我們應(yīng)該保持教室干凈整潔。【固定搭配】keephealthy／fit保持健康；keepquiet保持安靜；keepintouchwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】keepsb./sth.doingsth.讓某人／某物一直做某事。keep(on)doingsth.繼續(xù)／一直／反復(fù)做某事。keep...fromdoingsth.阻止·……做某事。Don'tkeephimwaitingfortoolong.別讓他等得太久。Becareful!Keeptheglassfromdroppingontothefloor.當(dāng)心！防止玻璃杯掉到地板上?！局锌继厥饪键c(diǎn)】keep做“借”講，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，和一段時(shí)間連用。Youcankeepthebookfortendays.這本書你能借十天。【例題】（上海中考）Theengineerswillkeep________theprojectwiththemanagerofthepany.A.discussB.discussedC.discussingD.todiscuss(21)...becauseIhaveto/mustlearntoplaythepiano.……因?yàn)槲业脤W(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。learn的用法learn意為“學(xué)，學(xué)會(huì)”，后跟名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、從句。learntodosth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事。learner名詞，意為“學(xué)習(xí)者，初學(xué)者”。YoushouldlearntospeakEnglishandbeeagoodEnglishlearner.你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)說英語，成為一個(gè)好的英語學(xué)習(xí)者。【固定搭配】learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)learnabout了解，得知關(guān)于learn....from....從……獲得……learnone’slessonfrom....從……中吸取教訓(xùn)learn....byheart熟記.……，背誦……learn....byoneself自學(xué)【注意】learn,study，study表示“學(xué)習(xí)”時(shí)，可以互換。learn側(cè)重學(xué)到、學(xué)會(huì)，study測重學(xué)習(xí)過程，還表示“研究”。(22)Ineverhavefun．我從來沒有過得快樂。fun的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）fun做不可數(shù)名詞，意為“有趣的事；樂趣”。Ihavealotoffuneveryday.我每天都很開心。【固定搭配】havefun玩得高興；havealotof／lotsof／muchfun有很多樂趣，過得很愉快；havefundoingsth.做某事很開心。Wehavefunplayingfootballtogether.我們一起踢足球很開心?！疽c(diǎn)拓展】havefun“過得高興，玩得情快”，相當(dāng)于haveagood／greattime或enjoyoneself，用于祝福某人?！緶剀疤崾尽縣avefunwithsb.和某人玩得開心、過得愉快；havenofundoingsth.做某事沒有樂趣?！纠}】YunnanMuseumissuchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun_______.A.visitingB.tovisitC.readingD.toreadUnit4單元練習(xí)一、根據(jù)句意或首字母提示完成單詞。1.Studentsshouldw________schooluniformstoschool.2.Tom,youmustcleanyourbedroom.It’stood________.3.Iusuallydosomereading________(在……之前)Igotobed.4.Pleasebe________(安靜的)！Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.5.Itis________(重要的)forstudentstolistencarefullyinclass.6.Teachersares________withtheirstudentsinorderto(為了)helpthemmakegreatprogress.7.Myfatherisverybusywithhiswork,sohehaslittletimetor________newspaper.8.Youmust________(記住)towearschooluniformstoschool.9.Everyonemust________(學(xué)會(huì))tosay“Iloveyou”totheirparentsoften.10.Atschool,youmustf________theschoolrules.二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Tom,________(not)eatintheclassroom.2.Itisveryimportantforus________(learn)Chinesewell.3.He________(have)todothehomeworknow.4.Maryissitting________(quiet)intheclassroom.5.Tompractices________(play)soccereveryday.6.It’s________(noise)outside,andIcan’thearyouclearly.7.Enjoythe________(relax)musicandyou’llfeel________(relax).8.Michaelvisitmanywebsites(網(wǎng)站)________(learn)aboutChineseculture.9.________(lucky),peopletriedtheirbesttoputout(撲滅)thebigfireintheforest.\10.Ihave________(many)rulesthan(比)youdo.三、單項(xiàng)選擇。1.Mypetdogdied(死)yesterday.I’minabadmood.________.Iknowhowitfeels.A.SorrytohearthatB.That’snotthecaseC.NevermindD.It’sapleasure2.You________smokehere!Lookatthesign.Itsays“Nosmoking.”A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.canD.may3.Hurryup.It’salmosttimeforschool.Don’tworry.Wearesuretobeatschool________.A.attimesB.ontimeC.allthetimeD.bythetime4.–I’msorry,MissGreen.Ileft(忘)mymathbookathome.Itdoesn’tmatter.Pleaseremember________itheretomorrow.A.takingB.totakeC.briningD.tobring5.It’scold________.Pleaseputonyourcoatwhenyougoout.A.inside