Unit5ThevalueofmoneyDiscoveringusefulstructures(導(dǎo)學(xué)案)(原卷版)

Unit5ThevalueofmoneyDiscoveringusefulstructures導(dǎo)學(xué)案【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1Tounderstandtheusageofmodalverbsandusethemtoexpressmodality2Touse“woulddo”or“was/weregoingtodo”totalkaboutfutureeventsinthepast課前預(yù)學(xué)區(qū)【學(xué)習(xí)過程】【觀察句子】1.Pleaseletusknowifyoucannotattendthemeeting.2.Thatcan’tbeMary—she’sinNewYork.3.Hemightgetthereontime,butIcan’tbesure.4.Itcanbequitecoldhereinwinter.5.Hemayhavemissedhistrain,butIamnotsure.6.Carsmustnotparkinfrontoftheentrance.7.I’msorry,she’snothere.Shemusthaveleftalready.8.Youmustbehungryafterallthatwalking.【自我感知】1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,must,might不能單獨(dú)作謂語,后面只能跟動(dòng)詞。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示的可能性最大,如句8;表示的可能性最小,如句3;表有時(shí)可能,如句4。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone表對(duì)情況的推測,如句5,句7。課中導(dǎo)學(xué)區(qū)知識(shí)講解情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could①.表示具有某種能力（體力/知識(shí)/技能）意為“會(huì)，能”，could是can的過去式。Eg.Aliciacanplaythepiano.艾麗莎會(huì)彈鋼琴。IcouldswimwhenIwassixyearsold.我六歲的時(shí)候就會(huì)游泳。②.表示可能性，意為“可能會(huì)”Eg.Watercanbeturnedintoiceifitiscoldenough.如果溫度足夠低，水可能會(huì)結(jié)成冰。③.表示請(qǐng)求/許可，常用于一般疑問句,意為“可以”,could比can語氣要更加委婉/客氣Can/CouldIaskyouaquestion?我可以問你一個(gè)問題嗎？④.表示推測，常用于否定句，cannot=cant意為“不可能”Eg.Thatcan'tbeMike.HehasgonetoNanjing.那不可能是邁克，他去南京了。Eg.Oneday,peoplewillbeabletotraveltothemoon.有朝一日，人們會(huì)到月球去旅行。may/might1．表示請(qǐng)求或允許，might可以指過去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語氣更委婉。對(duì)may的一般疑問句的肯定回答可用may或can，但作否定回答時(shí)要用mustn’t或can’t。Youmayeifyouwish.如果你想來，你就來。May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？—MayIsmokehere?—No，youmustn’t.You’dbetternot.——我可以在這里吸煙嗎？——不，不可以。你最好不要吸煙。2．表示可能?？梢灾高^去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語氣不肯定。Thecrowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.人群可能會(huì)破壞這個(gè)地方的美。Shemaynotknowaboutit.她可能不知道這件事。3．用于表祝愿的句子中。Mayboththebrideandgroomhavehappylives.祝新娘新郎幸福綿長。must,haveto①must表示“必須；一定”，強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有義務(wù)做某事；haveto表示“不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，含有不情愿或被迫之意。例:Allpassengersmustwearsafetybelts.Thereisnobushere,andyouhavetogoonfoot.②mustn't意為“不許”，表示禁止；don'thaveto=needn't意為“不必”，表示沒有必要。注意:must用于一般疑問句時(shí)，其否定回答應(yīng)用needn't或don'thavetoo例:—Mustwehandinourhomeworktoday?—No,youdon'thaveto.Thelawsaysdriversmustn'tdriveafterdrinking.③must表示說話人的態(tài)度，意為“偏偏；非得”。例:Mustyoumakesuchabignoise?Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.need&dareneed需要dare敢。既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。由need引起的一般疑問句。肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't①.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：無三單變化，后+動(dòng)詞原形。變否定，后+not。變疑問，前面提。Youneedn'tbesoworried.你不心如此擔(dān)心。NeedIdoitatonce?我雪要立即做嗎？Yes,youmust.星的，你必須。No,youneedn't.不，沒必要。Dareyougohomealone?你敢一個(gè)人回家嗎？Yes,Idare.是的，我敢。Shedaren'tevenlookatme.她甚至不敢看我。Howdaredtheydosuchathing?他們怎么敢干這樣的事？②.作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：有三單/時(shí)態(tài)變化，變否定，前+don't/doesn't/didn't。Sb.needtodosth./sth.needdoing=needtobedonedaretodosth.Idon'tneedtohavearest.我不需要體息.Thiscarneedsrepairing.=Thiscorneedstoberepaired.這輛車雪要被修理。Hedarestoswimacrosstheriver.他敢游過這條河。should&oughtto①.表示讓步，建議和命令。should/oughtto可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway.你應(yīng)該立刻去上課。ShouldIopenthewindow?我應(yīng)該開窗戶嗎？②.表示“應(yīng)該”，oughtto表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比should語氣重。Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.她有麻煩，我應(yīng)該幫助她。Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.你應(yīng)該照顧這個(gè)嬰兒。③.表示推測。should/oughtto(客觀推測)must(主觀推測)1.Hemustbehomebynow.(斷定他已到家)2.Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)3.Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽)4.Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含著)肯定：oughttodo=shoulddo應(yīng)該做事。否定：oughtnottodo=shouldn'tdo不應(yīng)該做草事一般疑問句：Oughtsb.todo……?Shouldsb.do…·?…應(yīng)該做…嗎？will&would1．表示意志或意愿。will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去，用于否定句表示“不肯，不樂意”。Iwillneverdothatagain.我決不會(huì)再做那種事了。2．表示征求意見或提出請(qǐng)求。主要用于第二人稱疑問句中，will和would均可用，would此時(shí)不表示過去，而是表示委婉語氣。Will/Wouldyoupassmethebook?請(qǐng)你把書遞給我好嗎？3．will和would可分別表示現(xiàn)在和過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向，意為“總是；常?！薄ishwilldiewithoutwater.沒有水，魚會(huì)死去。Whenmyparentswereaway,mygrandmotherwouldtakecareofme.我父母外出的時(shí)候，總是祖母照看我。過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一、過去將來時(shí)的含義過去將來時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。判斷這種時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)是：要有表示過去的“動(dòng)作”，而不是時(shí)間。二、過去將來時(shí)的用法1.“would＋動(dòng)詞原形”。常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。表示過去的某種習(xí)慣性行為，也常用would。Theyneverknewthatpopulationwouldbeeabigproblem.他們從來都不知道人口問題將會(huì)成為一個(gè)大問題。WheneveritwasSundayevening,wewouldsitintheyardandlistentohisstory.每到星期天晚上，我們都坐在院子里聽他的故事。2.“was/were＋goingto＋動(dòng)詞原形”。常可用來表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。Shesaidshewasgoingtostartoffatonce.她說她將立即出發(fā)。【易混辨析】was/weretodo表示打算/計(jì)劃做某事或客觀跡象表明要發(fā)生的事was/weretodo表示過去計(jì)劃或安排做某事was/wereabouttodo表示說話的瞬間就會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為“正要、即將”，一般不與明確的時(shí)間狀語連用was/were＋doing表示過去將來時(shí)時(shí)，僅限于e,go,leave,arrive,start等詞Whentheyarrivedtheplanewasjustgoingtotakeoff.飛機(jī)正要起飛時(shí)他們到了。Hesaidhewastofinishtheworkinaweek.他說他打算一星期后完成這項(xiàng)工作。Hewasabouttobetransferredtoaseasidetown.他正要被調(diào)往一座海濱小城。Alotofpeoplewereingtowatchthefireworks.有許多人要來觀看焰火。【拓展】條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中須用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。TheteachersaidthatitwouldbeverydifficulttomakeprogressifIdidn'tworkhard.老師說，如果我不努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，就很難取得進(jìn)步。課后思學(xué)區(qū)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Someoldpeoplecanusetheputernow,butthey________tenyearsago.A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t2．Youngpeople________respectoldpeople.A．shall B．should C．may D．might3．—_________Igowithmyfriendstotheharvestfestival?—No.you’dbetternot.A．Must B．May C．Would D．Need4．—Thiscityisadullplacetolivein.—Howsurprisingthatyou________thinkso!Iloveitverymuch.A．shall B．might C．should D．must5．You________driveafterdrinkingwinebecauseitisagainstthelaw.A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．won’t D．needn’t6．Hecametorealizethatsocialmediawastedlotsoftimewhichhe____________onhisresearchessay.A．shouldspend B．mustspend C．shouldhavespent D．musthavespent7．Thisroadisnarrowandthetrafficonitisheavy,sosometimesit______beblocked.A．should B．shall C．can D．need8．That’swhyLetterfromFatherChristmas________theperfectbookforthosewhoregardChristmasasaspecialtimeofyear.A．shouldbe B．couldn’tbe C．shouldn’tbe D．couldbe9．Yourchildren_____paytheadultpriceontripsbecausetheyareoldenough.A．would B．needn’t C．haveto D．shouldn’t10．—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,itbehim.Iamsurehedoesn’twearglasses.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．won’t D．maynot11．Mum____bepreparingforthefestivalinthekitchen.Let’sgoandsee!A．can B．may C．must D．shall12．It’stoolate.I__________gohomenow.A．beableto B．haveto C．hadbetter D．dare13．——Lookatthemaninpinkoverthere!IsheJohn?——He________beJohnwhoisawayonabusinesstripnow.A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．maynot D．cannot14．Evenifyoulosethematch,youshouldn’t.A．loseyourheart B．loseheart C．losetheheart D．loseaheart15．It_____bequitecoldinthemountainsatnight,soyou’dbettertakeathickcoatwithyou.A．can B．dare C．would D．need16．Shesetoffat9a.m.and______theairportanhourlater.A．willreach B．wouldreachC．hadreached D．reached17．He________homewhenitbegantorainheavily.A．wasleaving B．wasgoingtoleave C．hadleft D．wasabouttoleave18．Brokeknewthatshe______timetofinishherhomeworkbytomorrow.A．willnothave B．wouldnothave C．donothave D．cannothave19．Jimisnotherejustnow.Hesaidhe_______ondutyatthelibrarythisafternoon.A．will B．wasgoingtobe C．was D．is20．Atthattimehedidn’tknowthatquittingthejob________theturningpointinhislife.A．wouldbee B．willbee C．became D．hasbee21．—Jerry,sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.—Itdoesn’tmatter,butIneverthoughtyou________laterthanme.A．a(chǎn)re B．willbe C．hadbeen D．wouldbe22．Margretpromisedthatshe________agiftwhenshewentbacktoWashington.A．willsend B．wouldsend C．hadsent D．wassending23．Theairlinepanyassuredusthat________nodelays.A．therewillbe B．therewere C．therewouldbe D．thereare24．ThelasttimeIspoketoyou,you________abusiness.Didyoudoit?A．weregoingtostart B．hadstarted C．started D．havestarted25．Shepromisedthatshe________anendtothesituation,butfailedtodoso.A．hadput B．wouldput C．wasputting D．wouldhaveput二、選詞填空26．—MustIfinishthetaskrightnow?—No,you.(don’thaveto/mustn’t)27．It’ssonear;wehavetakenataxi.(shouldn’t/can’t)28．Youhavespentsomuchtimeplayingputergames.(mustn’t/oughtn’tto)29．Mysuggestionisthatifitrainstomorrowwegotothelibrary.(hadbetter/oughtto)30．Hehavemissedthetrain;hearrivedatthetrainstationtwohoursearly.(can’t/mustn’t)31．Yougotherealone;it’stoodangerous.(mustn’t/needn’t)32．Shesaidthatthemeetingthenextday.(wastobeheld/wasabouttobeheld)33．Wehavehelpedhim;inthatcase,hewouldhavebeenabletofinishthework.(should/can)34．Hefinishedalltheworkbyhimself;infact,hehaveaskedhisfriendsforhelp.(need/could)35．ThismorningIthoughtIatalkwithyoutonight.(wasgoingtohave/wasabouttohave)三、語法填空ThefamousPekingoperaartistYuanHuiqinhostedtwoculturetalks36werecalled“Charm(魅力)ofPekingOpera”inStockholmandSt.Petersburglastyear.Thetwosessions,asprogramsofChineseCultureTalk,37(organize)bytheBureauforExternalCulturalRelationsoftheMinistryofCul