Unit2HealthyLifestyle重點(diǎn)詞匯詳解語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)句式知識(shí)清單-高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性

新人教選擇性必修三Unit2HealthyLifestyle重點(diǎn)詞匯詳解+語(yǔ)法+重點(diǎn)句式知識(shí)清單PartoneWordsandPhrases1.abusen.濫用；虐待；辱罵vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵abuseofsth濫用；妄用opentoabuse容易被濫用alcohol/drugabuse酗酒/嗜毒；ashowerofabuse一頓大罵abuseone'sauthority/power濫用權(quán)力abuseone'sprivileges濫用特權(quán)abusesb'sconfidence/trust辜負(fù)了某人的信任abusesb'skindness辜負(fù)了某人的一片好心→abusern.虐待者；濫用人士drugabuser癮君子；吸毒者；濫用藥物者2.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢(shì)dominateover...控制→dominationn.控制；統(tǒng)治3.cuen.提示；暗示；信號(hào)vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)(right)oncue恰好在這時(shí)；就在這時(shí)候cuesbin提示/暗示某人4.rewardn.回報(bào)；獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；報(bào)酬vt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；獎(jiǎng)賞；給以報(bào)酬asarewardfor...作為(對(duì)某事的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardfor...作為報(bào)答rewardsbforsth因某事而獎(jiǎng)賞某人rewardsbwithsth用某物回報(bào)某人→rewardingadj.值得的；有益的；有意義的5.relyvi.依賴；依靠；信賴relyon...依賴；依靠；信賴relyondoingsth依靠做某事relyonsbtodosth依靠某人來做某事relyonsthtodosth依靠某物做某事→reliableadj.可信賴的；可依靠的6.examinevt.檢查；審查；測(cè)驗(yàn)examinesb/sthforsth為某事檢查某人/某物examinesbin/onsth在(某方面)考查/測(cè)驗(yàn)?zāi)橙薳xamineinto...檢查/調(diào)查→examinationn.審查；調(diào)查；考查7.disciplinen.自制力；紀(jì)律；學(xué)科vt.自我控制；管教；處罰schooldiscipline校規(guī)disciplineinspection紀(jì)律檢查disciplineoneselftodosth約束自己做某事→disciplinedadj.遵守紀(jì)律的；受過訓(xùn)練的bedisciplinedfor...因……而受處罰8posevt.&vi.組成；作曲；撰寫beposedof...由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的posefor...為……作曲9.shavevi.&vt.&n.剃(須發(fā))；刮臉shaveoff剃掉；刮去shavesthoffsth從……剃掉；刮去……shaveup剃光10.skipvt.跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳繩n.蹦跳skipthrough跳讀；瀏覽skipoff/out溜走；匆匆離開skipabout跳來跳去skipalong跳著往前走giveaskip跳過11.stimulatevt.激發(fā)；促進(jìn)；刺激stimulateby...靠……來刺激stimulatesbtodosth刺激某人做某事stimulatesbintonewefforts激勵(lì)某人作出新的努力→stimulationn.激勵(lì)；興奮(作用)12.refreshvt.使恢復(fù)精力；使涼爽；刷新refreshoneselfwith以……醒腦提神；解乏refreshone'smemoryof喚起某人……的記憶→refreshmentn.(在公共活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所供應(yīng)或銷售的)飲料，小食；食物和飲料；恢復(fù)活力；煥發(fā)精神13.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收beabsorbedin/with全神貫注于，專心致志于beabsorbedinto被……所吸收；被……所吞并absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意“著迷”歸納①beaddictedto...對(duì)……上癮②bekeenon...熱衷于③becrazyabout...對(duì)……著迷④befascinatedwith/by...對(duì)……著迷14.makeupone'smind下定決心makeupone'smindtodosth下定決心做某事changeone'smind改變主意have/keep/bear...inmind將……記在心里minddoingsth介意做某事mindyourownbusiness少管閑事nevermind沒關(guān)系ParttwoGrammar不定式作主語(yǔ)【觀察例句】1．Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.2．It'srudetoturnyourbacktoyourteacherandrefusetoanswer.3．Itisimpossibletolearnaforeignlanguagewithoutmakingpainstakingeffort.4．Itseemedapitytohavewastedsomuchtime.【歸納用法】1．把不定式置于句首。如：Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.騎自行車到那兒將花費(fèi)我們半個(gè)小時(shí)。Tomakeaplanfirstisagoodidea.首先制定好計(jì)劃是個(gè)好主意。2．用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把真正的主語(yǔ)不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：(1)It＋be＋名詞＋todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.照顧好老人是我們的責(zé)任。(2)Ittakessb.＋sometime＋todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?你花了多少時(shí)間來完成這項(xiàng)工作？(3)It＋be＋形容詞＋forsb.＋todoItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthepositioninaquarterofanhour.我們難以在15分鐘內(nèi)完成這篇作文。(4)Itseems(appears)＋形容詞＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.省錢似乎不可能。(5)It＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后Hethoughtitwouldbesafertogobytrain.他認(rèn)為乘火車比較安全。(6)不定式的完成式也可作句子的主語(yǔ)Tohavemadethesamemistaketwicewasunforgivable.犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤兩次是不可原諒的。Itisbettertohavelovedandlostthannevertohavelovedatall.愛過之后失去了愛，比從未愛過要好。3．不定式和動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)通常表示抽象動(dòng)作；而不定式作主語(yǔ)表示具體動(dòng)作。Smokingisprohibitedhere.這里禁止抽煙。(抽象)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch.你抽這么多煙對(duì)你身體很不好。(具體)(2)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用以表示一件已知的事或經(jīng)驗(yàn)；不定式短語(yǔ)通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting.爬山很有趣。(經(jīng)驗(yàn))Tofinishthetaskwilltakealongtime.要完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)將要花費(fèi)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。(具體)Partthreesentence重點(diǎn)句式1.句式:if條件從句的省略原句:Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybeeadults.如果任其發(fā)展,在他們長(zhǎng)大成人后,這些不良習(xí)慣可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更為嚴(yán)重的有害習(xí)慣。2.句式:as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句原句:AstheChinesephilosopherLaoziwrote,“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”正如中國(guó)哲學(xué)家老子所說:“千里之行,始于足下?！?.句式:Therebe＋n.＋todo原句:Foryoungpeople,thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.對(duì)年輕人來說,有大量的時(shí)間可以改變不良習(xí)慣。4.句式:either...or...或者/要么……或者/要么……原句:AfterIattendedyoursummercampabouthealthandlifestylechoices,IrealisedIhardlyeverfeltwell,eitherphysicallyormentally.參加了你們舉辦的有關(guān)健康和生活方式選擇的夏令營(yíng)之后,我意識(shí)到我?guī)缀鯊膩頉]有感覺好過,無論在身體上還是心理上。5.句式:so...that