2024年中考英語(yǔ)完形填空講解真題訓(xùn)練

2024年中考英語(yǔ)完形填空專項(xiàng)講解?解讀考點(diǎn)完形填空完形填空是一種在語(yǔ)意封閉的情況下考察學(xué)生閱讀能力及掌握語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)能力的綜合性題目。學(xué)生應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)義完整、語(yǔ)法正確、合乎邏輯的原則進(jìn)行通篇閱讀。借助文章的現(xiàn)成文字，通過邏輯思維，聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出可能的答案，使補(bǔ)足后的短文結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意義通暢。一、題型特點(diǎn)1.設(shè)空：以實(shí)詞（名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞）為主，虛詞（介詞、連詞、冠詞）為輔。首句可能是主題句，一般不設(shè)空。2.選項(xiàng)：每小題給出的選項(xiàng)通常是相同的詞類。注重在語(yǔ)境中考查詞義辨析，答案要聯(lián)系上下文才能得出，單純考查語(yǔ)法的題目較少。3.考點(diǎn)：4.體裁：以記敘文或夾敘夾議文為主，偶爾有說明文或議論文。近幾年的試題中還出現(xiàn)了書信等應(yīng)用文。二、解題步驟及技巧1.解題步驟2.解題技巧（1）語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)法：完形填空的文章都是圍繞一個(gè)話題進(jìn)行論述，在行文中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)原詞、同義詞、近義詞和反義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)或異形復(fù)現(xiàn)，可以根據(jù)這些詞之間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系確定答案。例1（2023天津中考）Tomhadabadtoothache.Hismother

wantedtotakehimtothedentist's（牙科診所）,butherefused.Hewasafraidofthe____whenthedentisthadtoextract（拔出）histooth.Tom'smothertoldhimthatifhedidnotvisitthedentist,thepainwouldgetworse.Atlast,Tomhadtoagree.A.painB.trustC.successD.training解析：A

此題為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文的thepainwould

getworse可知，Tom是害怕拔牙時(shí)的疼痛。（2）背景知識(shí)解題法：有時(shí)運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí)可以輕松地選出正確答案。例2（2023涼山中考）Chinesepeoplelikehavingmeals

togetherandtheyputallthedishesonaroundtable.Thereissometimesaroundrotatingdisc（旋轉(zhuǎn)盤）

inthe_____ofthediningtable.Itmakessurethatallthedinerscanenjoythemealandfeelrespected.A.eastB.wesC.center解析：C

根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，中國(guó)人在聚餐時(shí)，有時(shí)在餐桌的中央放置一個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)的圓盤，故選C。（3）語(yǔ)境解題法：做題時(shí)，要瞻前顧后，詞不離句、句不離段、段不離篇。因?yàn)橛行╊}單獨(dú)拿出來看，幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入空格貌似都正確，但結(jié)合全文會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有一個(gè)最佳答案。例3（河南中考）ShesaidIwasn'tfunny,butshewasn't

right,becauseeveryoneelseintheclasslaughed....Anyway,myteachersentmetotheprincipal'soffice（校長(zhǎng)室）.Itoldhimwhathappened,andhe_____,too.A.laughedB.believedC.shoutedD.agreed解析：A

單看設(shè)空處所在句，4個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入空格都正確。但結(jié)合上文“...becauseeveryoneelseintheclasslaughed.”可知，只有A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。（4）選項(xiàng)代入法：把各選項(xiàng)代入短文中，選出詞義和語(yǔ)法均符合要求的選項(xiàng)。如果不能立即選出正確答案，可以驗(yàn)證各選項(xiàng)代入后是否有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤、詞組搭配是否正確、上下文語(yǔ)義是否連貫，排除不合適的選項(xiàng)，剩下的便是正確答案。例4（安徽中考）Everyweek,Igotalittlebetterandhated

swimmingalittleless.Iworkedatitsomuchthatonedaymyhighschoolswimmingcoachaskedmetojointheschoolteam.Youcanimaginehowthatmademeandmyfamilyfeel_____Iwassoafraidofthewaterbefore!A.orB.asC.ifD.so解析：B

設(shè)空處所在句句意為：“你可以想象我和我的家人的感受，因?yàn)槲乙郧昂芎ε滤?！”Iwassoafraidofthewaterbefore是Youcanimaginehowthatmademeandmyfamilyfeel的原因，所填詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。依次將4個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文，只有as符合句意。（5）邏輯關(guān)系解題法：該類題主要是通過分析句子與句子、段落與段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系來解題，選項(xiàng)多為連詞、副詞或具有連接意義的各類短語(yǔ)。例5（蘭州中考）Whyarehabitssoimportant？_______

yourepeatthesameactionandthesamebehavioreveryday.Asinglegoodactionwillnotchangeyourlife,butthesameactionrepeated1,000timeswillhaveanimportanteffectonyourlife.A.ButB.WhileC.BecauseD.Since解析：C

由句意及上句中的Why可知，此處應(yīng)用because回答原因。三、真題演練2023年福建中考英語(yǔ)真題ItwasawarmSundayafternooninMay,2021.BesidetheLechRivermanypeoplewereplayingandpicnicking,andtheyfelt___1___

andrelaxed.Somepeoplewerecoolingtheirfeetinthe__2___

waterfromthesnowcoveredmountainsnearby.Frombehindthebar(吧臺(tái))attherestaurant,PaulBlachut,a___3___,hadagoodviewoftheriver.Amotherandtwodaughterswereplayingontheriverbankwhen,suddenly,they___4___

intothefastrunningwater.Apasserbyshouted__5___,“Help!Threepeoplearebeingcarriedawaybythewater!”Lookingupfromhiswork,Paulnoticedthethreewomenflapping(擺動(dòng))theirarmsinthewater,tryingto___6___

anythingtheycould.Paulrushedtotheriverbankandjumpedintotheriver.Hedidn’t___7___

thecold.Allhecouldthinkaboutwassavingthewomen.Ashegotclosertothem,hefoundthemotherhadthemost___8___

becauseherlongdressmadehersoheavy.Hepushedhertothebankfirst.Thenhemanagedtosavethetwodaughterswithotherpeople’shelp.Later,peopleexpressedtheiradmirationforPaul,___9___

hewasmodest(謙虛的)abouthisrole.“Itonlytookmetwoorthreeminutes,”hesaid,addingthathewashappytohavereceivedhighpraisefromhisbossforhis___10___.Indeed,itwasajobverywelldone.1.A.tiredB.strangeC.fortable2.A.calmB.coldC.salty3.A.bossB.waiterC.tourist4.

A.fellB.ranC.looked5.A.politelyB.bravelyC.loudly6.A.catchB.shakeC.cover7.A.getoverB.careaboutC.keepout8.A.pleasureB.timeC.trouble9.A.butB.orC.so10.A.adviceB.courageC.advantage【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了服務(wù)員Paul

Blachut跳進(jìn)寒冷的河水里救出了三個(gè)人的故事，他的勇氣和愛心值得人們稱贊?！敬鸢浮?～5CBBAC6～10ABCAB2.（2023安徽中考）DearBruce,Thanksforyouremail—goodtohearfromyou.I'm

lookingforwardtotheexchange（交流）,too!Anyway,aboutthe

1

andthings.Theschoolhere

isn'tvery

2

aboutmostthings,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtoknow.Firstofall—

3

.Youcanwearwhatyouwant,

4

youcan'twearjeans（牛仔褲）withholesinthem.Youshould

5

fortablethings.Andit'llbecoldwhenyou'reheresoyou'dbetterbringsome

6

clothes.Theschool'sprettystrictaboutphones—ofcourse

youcan

7

them,butyouhaveto

8

thephonesandkeeptheminaplaceasyouarerequiredbeforeclass.Andyoucanbring

9

toschoolbutyoumusteatitoutsideduringthebreak.Ifit'sraining,youcaneatintheclassroom.Inshort,it'sagoodschoolandtheteachersarekind.

Youreallydon'thavetoworryaboutanythinghere.Hopemyadviceis

10

toyou.Writeagainsoon,OK？Andtellmeifthere'sanythingelseyouneedtoknow.Yours,Saral1.A.interviewsB.hobbiesC.marksD.rules2.A.strictB.fairC.modernD.sure3.A.questionsB.reportsC.clothesD.subjects4.A.orB.soC.forD.but5.A.borrowB.wearC.receiveD.sell6.A.cleanB.dryC.warmD.new7.A.bringB.returnC.pareD.repair8.A.handoutB.throwawayC.turnoffD.pickup9.A.moneyB.foodC.paperD.water10.A.helpfulB.similarC.secretD.free【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是Saral寫給交換生Bruce的一封郵件，介紹了學(xué)校里的校規(guī)以及學(xué)校人員的情況。【答案】1～5DACDB6～10CACBA3.（2023成都中考）ClaudeMonetbroughtsunshineinto

painting.Hewasoneofthefirstartiststowork

1

.Thatmaysound

2

toustoday.Butbefore1870,mostartistsdidalltheirpaintingsinrooms.TheyusedmodelsdressedupasGreekgodsorheroesfromhistory.Theypaintedwithdarkcolorssotheirpictureswouldlookmore

3

.However,Monetandhisartistfriends

4

therules.

Theytooktheirpaintsandbrushestopaintlakes,flowersandwoodsintheopenair.Theywantedtoshow

5

sunlightmadewaterandboatslookatdifferenttimesduringtheday.Iftheypaintedpeople,theyalwayspaintedmonpeople.Theyused

6

colorsandpaintedquickly.Forye